Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Effects Of Some Dietary Factors On Ruminal Microbial Protein Synthesis, M. Aki̇f Karsli, James R. Russell

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of some dietary factors, other than source and amount of N and carbohydrate, on the amount and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis are discussed in this review. Specifically, these factors include dry matter intake of animals, forage:concentrate ratio of diets, rate of N and carbohydrate degradation, synchronized release of N and energy from diets, rate of passage, and other factors, such as vitamins and minerals. It seemed that diets containing a mixture of forages and concentrates increase the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis because of an improved rumen environment for the growth of more diverse bacteria species.

Studies On The Possibility Of Improving Lamb Production By Two-Way And Three-Way Crossbreeding With German Black-Headed Mutton, Kıvırcık And Chios Sheep Breeds 1. Fertility, Lamb Survival And Growth Of Lambs, Mustafa Özcan, Ahmet Altinel, Alper Yilmaz, Hali̇l Güneş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to compare the fertility of ewes and the survival and growth traits of lambs which were produced by two-way and three-way crossbreeding with Kıvırcık sheep, the predominant breed in the Marmara region, Chios sheep, the most prolific breed in the region and German Black-Headed Mutton (GBM), the mutton breed which exhibits the best adaptation to the environmental conditions of the region. In the study, it was determined that the fertility of the Kıvırcık, GBM x Kıvırcık and GBM x F_1 (Chios x Kıvırcık) genotypes were 76.66%, 81.13% and 85.29% for pregnancy and birth rates; …

Studies On The Possibility Of Improving Lamb Production By Two-Way And Three-Way Crossbreeding With German Black-Headed Mutton, Kıvırcık And Chios Sheep Breeds 2. Fattening And Carcass Characteristics Of Lambs, Mustafa Özcan, Ahmet Altinel, Alper Yilmaz, Vedat Akgündüz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to compare the fattening and carcass traits of lambs which were produced by two-way and three-way crossbreeding studies with Kıvırcık sheep, the predominant breed in the Marmara region, Chios sheep, the most prolific breed in the region and German Black-Headed Mutton (GBM) which has been found to be the mutton breed which exhibits the best adaptation to the environmental conditions of the Marmara region. It was determined that two-way and three-way crossbred lambs were similar with regard to fattening and carcass traits, and both showed better performance than Kıvırcık lambs. The crossbred lambs exhibited …

Rapid Identification Of Avian Salmonella Isolates By Air Thermal Cycler Amplification And Capillary Gel Electrophoresis, K. Tayfun Çarli, Vi̇ldan Caner, Ayşegül Eyi̇gör

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The possible use of a genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the identification of Salmonella colonies was tested on 14 reference strains and 38 clinical Salmonella strains isolated from chickens by the standard method of the National Poultry Improvement Plan and Auxiliary Provisions (NPIP), USDA, U.S.A. All the PCRs using primer pairs InvA1 and InvA2 (5) gave 281 bp amplification product specific for the Salmonella genus and produced results identical (100%) to those obtained with biochemical and serological methods. Thus, the genus-specific capillary PCR for the identification of a colony of Salmonellae from a selective agar plate was performed within …

A Case Of Death In A Foal Caused By Salmonella Typhimurium, N. Yakut Özgür, Toru Anzai, Babür Cari̇oğlu, Funda Bağcigi̇l, Serkan İki̇z, Ati̇lla Ilgaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this report, the isolation of a Salmonella typhimurium strain as pure culture from abcess foci on the liver, spleen, kidney, stomach and intestines, and lungs of an 8-month-old, male, Thoroughbred foal, which had died in a racehorse breeding farm, is presented. Heavy respiratory infection and prolonged antibiotic therapy were considered to be stress factors that played a significant role in this case.

Effect Of Czb Medium On The Two Cell Block Of Preimplantation Mouse Emryos, Haydar Bağiş, Levent Keski̇ntepe, Hande Odaman Mercan, Hakan Sağirkaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This experiment was designed to determine the effects of CZB medium on in vitro culture of murine embryos obtained from FVB/N, CD-1, and CB6F1 strains. Pronuclear stage embryos were recovered from superovulated and mated females 17 h post-hCG. Two-cell stage block, morula and blastocyst stages were used as the end point of the experiments. There is no statistical difference among strains and media for the development to the two-cell stage. However, more FVB/N embryos (88.3 and 82.4%) than CD-1 (57.4 and 57.1%) and CB6F1 (69.8 and 28.9%) reached the 3-8 cell stage in CZB and M16 media, respectively. CB6F1 embryos …

Blood Serum Concentrations Of Selenium And Glutathione Peroxidase Activity In Akkaraman Sheep, Taner Pamukçu, Tevhi̇de Sel, Gül Yarim

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Selenium and other essential elements play an important role in animal husbandry. These elements help to minimize infectious diseases, reduce concomitant stresses and bring about optimal productive and reproductive performance. The mean serum selenium concentration of the sheep sampled in this study was 303.65 ng/ml. Such values are considered to be indicative of adequate dietary supplementation. Serum glutathione peroxidase activity in the sheep sampled in this study was also analysed, and the mean glutathione peroxidase activity was 3.65 nmolNADPH+H+/min/mg protein. It is recommended that producers monitor the selenium in serum in order to maintain adequate nutrition and performance in sheep.

The Industrial Fluorosis Caused By A Coal-Burning Power Station And Its Effects On Sheep, Ulvi̇ Reha Fi̇danci, Tevhi̇de Sel

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this investigation was to examine the industrial fluorosis caused by the coal burning power station in Muğla-Yatağan. Blood and urine samples of sheep, and water, plant and soil samples from around the power station were collected four times throughout the year to cover all four seasons. Fluoride ion concentrations in the water, urine, plant and soil samples were detected potentiometrically using an ion selective electrode. Serum Alkaline phosphatase (ALP-EC 3.1.3.1), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT-EC 2.6.1.2), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST-EC 2.6.1.1) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-EC 1.1.1.27) enzyme activities were analysed spectrophotometrically using Sigma commercial kits. Significantly higher fluoride ion concentration …

The Effects Of Supplemental Anionic Salts And Probiotic In Prepartum Diets On Milk Production And Quality And Incidence Of Milk Fever In Dairy Cows, Neşe Kocabağli, Recep Kahraman, İsmai̇l Abaş, Hüseyi̇n Eseceli̇, Müjdat Alp

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The nutritional effects of supplementing the diets of dairy cows during the dry period with anionic salts and probiotic, on some blood parameters, milk production and composition and the development of milk fever, were evaluated in 20 Holstein cattle (>3^rd lactation). Diets were composed of a mixture of hay (70%) and commercial concentrate (30%) with and without supplemental anionic salts. These diets were given to cows during the 3 weeks prior to calving. Cows in the probiotic group also received 5g/day probiotic orally during this period. The cation/ anion balances of the diets were determined to be -67.77 and …

Effects Of Phorbol Myristate Acetate On The Liver: A Biochemical And Ultrastructural Study, Memduha Gülhal Bozkir, Ufuk Ö. Mete, Özkan Oğuz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of free radicals in the liver tissue of 20 mice were studied. The mice, separated into acute and chronic groups, were injected with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) to trigger the release of free radicals. For evaluation of the effects of free radicals, malandialdehyde (MDA) measurement and electron microscopic examination were performed. The results showed that the level of lipid peroxide in the chronic PMA group was significantly higher than it was in the acute PMA group (P

Seroprevalence Of Babesia Ovis In Awassi Sheep In Urfa, Turkey, Zi̇şan Emre, Ali̇ Düzgün, Mehmet İri̇adam, Hati̇ce Sert

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Seroprevalence of Babesia ovis in Awassi sheep was studied in Urfa and environs between November 1997 and October 1998. A total of 607 serum samples were collected from sheep in 12 different localities, and tested for the presence of antibodies to B. ovis by using an indirect ELISA. Blood smears were also prepared from 110 sheep. The overall prevalence of B. ovis infection was 41.02%. B. ovis was only detected in two blood smears examined (1.82%). A total of 86 ticks were collected from the sheep during the study. Of the ticks examined, 17.44% were Rhipicephalus turanicus, 54.65% were Haemophysalis …

Effect Of Dietary Vitamin A And Zinc On Egg Yield And Some Blood Parameters Of Laying Hens, Şule Kaya, H. Derya Umucalilar, Seyfullah Hali̇loğlu, Hüdai̇ İpek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of vitamin A and zinc interaction in laying hens fed on diets supplemented with two different levels of vitamin A (0, 10.000 IU/kg) in combination with five different levels of zinc (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg) on egg yield, plasma and yolk concentration of zinc, and the levels of plasma triglyceride and phosphorus for 12 weeks. Egg production, egg weight, feed intake, body weight and feed efficiency did not differ among the groups. Plasma and yolk zinc concentrations were affected only by zinc supplementation. An interaction between vitamin …

Expression Of Bifunctional Genes Encoding Xylanase And \Beta(1,3-1,4)-Glucanase In Gram-Positive Bacteria, Mehmet Sai̇t Eki̇nci̇, Harry J. Flint

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The xylanase and \beta(1,3-1,4)-Glucanase activities encoding gene from the cellulolytic rumen anaerobe bacterium was cloned into Escherichia/Streptococcus shuttle vector for introduction into Gram-positive bacteria, including the rumen facultative anaerobe bacterium Streptococcus bovis. Activities due to the cloned gene decreased in the stationary phase in batch cultures of S. bovis, reflecting the sensitivity of the cloned enzymes to inactivation in the presence of accumulated lactic acid. Cloned gene activity was detected in the culture supernatant, indicating recognition of the cloned gene signal peptide by Gram-positive bacteria.

Growth And Survival Of Simmental Calves Reared Outdoors In Individual Hutches, Necmetti̇n Ünal, Okan Ertuğrul, Orhan Alpan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of outdoor raising on the survival and growth of Simmental calves in individual hutches were studied at Kazova State Farm, the location having a mixture of Black Sea and semiarid continental climate conditions. A total of 63 female calves born in each of the four seasons between March 1996 and February 1997 were used. The animals were kept in individual hutches for 3 months (preweaning period) and then in groups of 10 until 6 months of age (postweaning period). The mean birth weight was 38.92 kg, while average birth weights for the seasons ranged from 37.70 to 40.44 …

Macroanatomical And Morphometric Investigation On The Maxillary Vein In Rabbits, Rifat Mutuş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Fifteen New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. Buffered saline solution was given through the common carotid artery to remove the blood from the cranial veins. The jugular vein was ligated prior to giving blue latex to 10 rabbits and blue Batson's No. 17 to 5 rabbits through the maxillary vein. Rabbits were left for 24 hours in order to let the latex harden and then they were transferred to 10% formaldehyde solution and dissected. Rabbits that were injected with Batson's No17 were kept in 33% KOH solution for 48 hours and corrosion casts were prepared. The diameters of …

Diagnosis Of Lymphoid Leukosis (Ll) By Elisa (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) And Marek's Disease (Md) By If (Immunofluorescence) Test In Chickens, Selda Özbi̇lgi̇n, Ayşi̇n Şen, Mi̇hri̇ban Ülgen, K. Tayfun Çarli, Gürsel Sönmez, Özlem Özmen

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, our aim was to diagnose lymphoid leukosis and Marek's disease, which are neoplastic diseases of chickens, by ELISA and Indirect Immunofluorescence Test (IIF), respectively. Samples (eggs and tissues) were selectively taken from the flocks suspected of having lymphoid leukosis and Marek's disease. The tissues were macroscopically and microscopically examined. Tissues belonging to some flocks showed typical lesions for lymphoid leukosis and Marek's disease. Seven broiler breede flocks and three commercial layer flocks were tested for avian leukosis virus (ALV) group specific antigen (p27) in the albumen. ALV p27 antigen was detected in five out of ten flocks. …

The Effect Of Starter Culture Use In Pastırma Production On The Properties Of End Product, Muhammet İrfan Aksu, Mükerrem Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of three different starter preparations (Staphylococcus carnosus, Staphylococcus carnosus + Lactobocillus pentosus and Staphylococcus xylosus + Lactobacillus sakei) on the end product of pastırma were investigated. In the production of pastırma samples, dry curing was performed using NaCl, KNO_3, glucose and saccarose, and starter culture was added together with curing compounds to the meat. The starter culture used affected the counts of total aeophilic mesophilic Micrococcus/Staphylococcus and lactic acid bacteria. The Enterobacteriaceae counts were generally found to be below the detectable level (

Accessory Tongue And Other Congenital Malformations In A Calf, İ. Önder Orhan, R. Meri̇h Haziroğlu, Osman Kutsal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, congenital malformations are described in one calf. In the calf, accessory tongue, which is a rare condition, was determined together with palatoschisis and growth malformations of cranial bones. The accessory tongue observed in this study is the first case described in calves.

Cloning Of Bacillus Subtilis Rskk243 Bifunctional Xylanase Gene In E. Coli And B. Subtilis And Enzyme Characterization, Bahri̇ Devri̇m Özcan, Numan Özcan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A bifunctional gene xylanase of B. subtilis RSKK243 encoding detectable beta(1,4) glucanase (CMCase) activity in addition to a high level of main xylanase activity was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli with pUC18 plasmid and in various Bacillus subtilis strains with pUB110 vector. For enzymatic analysis and plasmid isolation, the gene was also expressed in xylanase and beta glucanase negative B.subtilis YB886 strain with pUB110 vector. The pUB110 with bifunctional xylanase gene was transferred into B. subtilis RSKK243 for maximizing the enzyme yield, as well as into other RSKK strains to create novel strains with multiple enzyme capacities. Recombinant strains …

Canine Mast Cell Tumors: A Pathological Survey Of Nineteen Cases, Sevi̇l Atalay Vural, Yilmaz Aydin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the survey study, a total of 19 canine mast cell tumors were examined with regard to sex, age, breed of dogs, tumor location, and pathological findings in the period of 1960-1999. The majority of tumors occurred in males (78%) and between the ages of 6 and 11 years (67%). The pointer was predisposed to development of tumors (35%). The hindquarters and hind legs were most commonly involved, followed by the extragenital inguinal area and trunk. The tumors clearly had a site preference for the posterior region of the body (79%). The only extracutaneous tumor was found in the nasal …

Vitamin A, Vitamin E And Selenium Levels In Blood And Milk Sera Of Cattle With Foot And Mouth Disease, Serdar Kizil, Ari̇f Altintaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine \beta-carotene, retinol (Vit A), selenium (Se) and \alpha-tocopherol (Vit E) levels in the sera of blood and milk from cattle with foot and mouth disease (FMD). A total of 120 blood sera and 22 milk sera were used for the analysis. \beta-carotene and Vit A, Se and Vit E levels were determined by spectrophotometer, fluorophotometer and HPLC respectively. Serum samples were obtained from 0-1 and 1-3-year-old cattle bred in public and state farms. Animals were grouped according to their sex, vaccination status and health or infection with FMD. Results of the biochemical …

Synchronization Of Oestrus And The Possibilities Of Improving Reproductive Performance By Using Progestagen And Different Doses Of Pmsg In Kıvırcık Ewes, Mehmet Koyuncu, Şebnem Kara Uzun, Leyla Şengül

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out in Kıvırcık ewes to increase reproductive performance and synchronize oestrus by using progestagen pessaries (40 mg FGA) and different doses of PMSG (0, 500 and 700 IU) during the breeding season. Free mating occurred in the herd and 76% of all births were completed in the first week. Fertility, single birth rates, fecundity and prolificacy in the three different groups were found to be 94.87%, 96.66% and 100.00%; 78.38%, 55.18% and 38.46% (P

Detection Of Antibodies Against Salmonella Enteritidis In Chicken Serum And Egg Yolk With Elisa, Gülay Altay, Hakan Yardimci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A total of 473 sera from hens of different age groups and different breeds and a total of 430 eggs were collected from 11 breeders and egg producers in the districts of Adapazarı, Afyon, Ankara and Konya. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), heat-extract (HE) and flagella antigens were tested in the standardizing ELISA technique. Flagella antigen was found useful in the screening of field samples. Of the 48 (10.2%) rapid plate agglutination positive sera, 7 were negative in ELISA. One hundred and seventy-three (36.6%) of the 473 sera and 76 (17.7%) of the 430 egg yolks were found to be positive with ELISA. …

Photoinactivation Of Buffalo Liver And Kidney Tissue Arginases And Its Kinetic Properties, Necmi̇ Özdemi̇r, Mehtap Özçeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Exposure of buffalo liver and kidney tissue arginases to a 150 w light source from a distance of 8-10 cm, in the presence of 0.05mM methylene blue, caused significant inhibition of arginase activity. It was determined that this inhibition occurred differently in liver and kidney tissues. Arginase activity was spectrophotometrically measured using the Thiosemicarbazide diacetyl-monoxime urea (TDMU) method. Following preincubation with MnCl_2, exposure to a 150 w light source and the addition of methylene blue, the activity of arginase was found to be lower than that after preincubation with a 150 w light source and methylene blue and the addition …

Comparison And Evaluation Of The Passive Haemagglutination Test And Elisa In Routine Screening Of Contagious Equine Metritis (Cem) In Mares With Endometritis Or Infertility, N. Yakut Özgür, Masashi Eguchi, Toru Anzai, Serkan İki̇z, Ati̇lla Ilgaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

One hundred and twenty thoroughbred breeder mares with endometritis or infertility were investigated for the detection of antibodies to Taylorella equigenitalis by the passive haemagglutination (PHA) test and ELISA between 1997 and 1999 in the Marmara region and the two tests were compared. Fifty-eight (48.33 %) of 120 sera were found to be positive by the PHA test and 52 (43.33%) by ELISA. 22 of the sera were found to be positive by the PHA test reacted at 1/64 titer, 27 at 1/128, 7 at 1/256 and 2 at 1/512 titer. Sera from 44 mares were positive in both tests. …

Book Review. Gostin On Public Health Law, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Hard Cases For Autonomy, Respect, And Professionalism In Medical Genetics, Roger B. Dworkin

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Back Stress And Assistance Exercises In Extreme Weightlifting, Adam J. Beard

Theses : Honours

The purpose or this study was to test the suitability or selected assistance exercises to strengthen the low back for the Olympic lilts in elite weightlifters. Four subjects were filmed by a five-camera Motion Analysis system operating at 120Hz. The subjects completed both or the Olympic lifts (Snatch and Clean) at a near one repetition maximum and four assistance exercises (Bent-over Row, Clean Pull Deadlift, Romanian Deadlift, and Good Morning) at an intensity typically performed at a routine training session. Peak moments, compressive and shear forces about the L5/S1 intervertebral joint were calculated via a top-down inverse dynamics model. Comparisons …

Eating, Nutrition And Of Health Diagnostic Of The Elementary Schools Of The Communities Of Guambo And The Rinconada, Province Of Imbabura 2002-2001, Ruth Muriel

Theses and Dissertations

The rural communities of the province of Imbabura present multiple problems of environmental, educational, and economic kind. Previous studies show that the rural communities of the Ecuadorian population present serious problems of health and nutrition, among those that excel are: poliparasitosis, respiratory infections and diarrheal, malnutrition, deficiency of micro nutrients, sanitary deficiency, scarce economic resources and low level of instruction. All these factors have caused a decrease in the productive capacity of the country and affected their level of development. In addition, delay exists in size in the students, which leads to a decrease in the capacity for physical work, …

Using System Level Quality Measures To Improve Home And Community-Based Services In Maine, Julie T. Fralich Mba, Sue Nonemaker Rn, Ms

Disability & Aging

The purpose of this project was to identify a set of quality measures that could be used to profile the performance of Maine’s home and community based care (HCBS) system. The long term care system in Maine has been significantly restructured in the last five years. Funding for home care services has more than doubled and now represents approximately 20% of Medicaid and State funding for LTC. This has led to increased interest in assuring the quality of services that are being provided and developing ways to improve the delivery of services and outcomes for consumers.

Using assessment data from …