Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Ua66/14/4 Kentucky Partnership Newsletter, Vol. Iv, No. 1, Kentucky Partnership For Farm Family Health & Safety

University Organizations

Newsletter created by and about the Kentucky Partnership for Farm Family Health & Safety.

Many Voices: Medical Anthropologists Explore The Meaning Of Health, Illness, And Cure, Michael Hass

Education Faculty Articles and Research

Lindenbaum, Shirley and Margaret Lock, eds. Knowledge, Power and Practice: The Anthropology of Medicine in Everyday Life. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993. xvii + 242 pp. including notes, references, and indices. $50.00 cloth, $15.00 paper.

Etkin, Nina L. and Michael L. Tan, eds. Medicines: Meanings and Contexts. Quezon city, Philippines and Amsterdam: Health Action Information Network and the University of Amsterdam, 1994. v + 305 pp. $15.00 paper.

Good, Byron J. Medicine, Rationality, and Experience: an Anthropological Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. $54.95 Cloth, $17.95 paper.

Mormon Midwife, Donna Toland Smart

All USU Press Publications

Patty Session's 1847 Mormon Trail diary has been widely quoted and excerpted, but her complete diaries chronicling the first decades of Mormon settlement at Salt Lake City have never before been published. They provide a detailed record of early Mormon community life from Illinois to Utah through the eyes of Mormondom's most famous midwife. They also recount her important role in women's social networks and her contributions to community health and Utah's economy, to pioneer education and horticulture. Patty Sessions assisted at the births of humdreds of early Mormons and first-generation Utahns, meticulously recording the events. Shed had an active …

Chronic Fatigue And Immune Dysfunction Syndrome: Its Relationship To Underlying Emotional And Psychological Issues, Terri Lynn Alberts

Theses Digitization Project

This post-positivist research study explored the possible relationship between Chronic Fatigue and Immune Dysfunction Syndrome (CFIDS) and the presence of underlying psychological and emotional issues. An exploratory design with naturalistic methods of inquiry was utilized to investigate whether the presence, or absence, of these issues had any impact on the overall disease process.

The Effect Of Silica Inhibition Of Macrophage On Renal Allograft Rejection, Carman Giacomantonio

Data and Test Instruments

Kidney failure, one of the most serious complications of diabetes is routinely managed by kidney allograft transplantation. Research into the etiology of diabetes has revealed that macrophages are primarily responsible for the β-islet cell destruction in diabetes and that depletion of macrophages using intraperitoneal (i.p.) silica, which is selectively toxic to macrophages, prevents this. Macrophages accounts for approximately 50% of the graft infiltrating cells (GIC) observed in an acutely rejecting kidney, a process phenotypically very similar to a delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction. Macrophages are known to be essential for DTH reactions. Their exact role has never been elucidated in …

Uwomj Volume 66, No 2, Summer 1997, Western University

University of Western Ontario Medical Journal

An interdisciplinary medical science publication, established in 1930.

Immediate Impact Of Thirty-Two Drug Use Prevention Activities Among Students At Continuation High Schools, Steve Sussman, Thomas R. Simon, Clyde W. Dent, Alan W. Stacy, Elisha R. Galaif, Mary Ann Moss, Sande Craig, C. Anderson Johnson

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Those teenagers who are unable to remain in the regular school system for reasons including substance use are transferred to a continuation high school. Generic comprehensive social-influence-drug-use-prevention-activities are less likely to be effective for use with these at risk youth. Thus, both classroom and self-instruction (main mode of instruction at continuation high schools) versions of 16 activities derived from different theoretical sources were tested and ranked on immediate outcome variables. 388 students from six continuation high schools were provided with a pretest-activity-posttest “component study” protocol. The scores on perceived quality ratings were standardized and averaged to permit easy comparisons across …

Aortic Valve Grafts In The Rat: Evidence For Rejection., Ahmad Moustapha, David Ross, B Bittira, D Vanvelzen, C Lannon, Vivian Mcalister, Tim Lee

Data and Test Instruments

OBJECTIVE:The histopathologic changes of fresh rat aortic valve allografts over time and the effect of cryopreservation were examined.METHODS:Fifty-six syngeneic and allogeneic rat aortic valves were transplanted, either fresh or after cryopreservation, and then at different time points they were explanted and histologically examined in a blinded fashion.RESULTS:Histopathologic changes in the first week are similar in syngeneic and allogeneic grafts. Fresh syngeneic grafts and leaflets retained normal structure up to 56 days. Allogeneic grafts showed retrovalvular thrombus formation with leaflet ghosts and neointimal proliferation. Cryopreservation did not alter this process.CONCLUSIONS:Cardiac allograft valves in the rat model undergo changes that are characteristic …

The Role Of Rejection In Aortic Valve Allograft Failure, Ahmad Moustapha

Data and Test Instruments

At present the main question is whether homograft failure is due to rejection or mechanical degeneration. The use of cardiac valve transplants between syngeneic and allogeneic strains of rats permits investigations into the role of immune mediated rejection of these grafts. We expanded an already developed microsurgical rat model for aortic interposition allografts to include the aortic valve. Aortic valves were harvested from donor rats and then heterotopically transplanted into the abdominal aorta of a recipient rat using inbred strains. All recipient rats were Lewis and donor rats were either Lewis (syngeneic) or Brown Norway (allogeneic). Grafts were transplanted either …

Ua61/1 Wku Nursing Class 1997, Wku Nursing

WKU Administration Documents

Members of the 1997 nursing class: Michelle Black, Nancy Bouldin, Miriah Buchanan, Dana Carpenter, Peggy Carter, Patricia Chaisson, Noreen Cullen, Stephanie Cunningham, Mitzi Ellis, Nancy English, Billy Foster, Melanie Good, Karen Hampton, Angie Howdyshell, Brad Humm, Brandy Humphrey, Avril Infanti, Judy Jones, Judith Lively, Kim McChesney, Denita McDonald, Anita Meador, Kari Moore, Bentley O'Dell, Libby Oldham, Jennifer Oliver, Stephanie Priddy, Jonathan Ricketts, Cari Rogers, Tanya Geraci-Stahl, James Staples, Rita Tabor, Shahin Thomas, April Tracy, Justina Vibbert, Tracey Wheeler, Cynthia Woodcock, Jean Woods, Kaylene Workman and Stephanie Young.

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 74, No. 2, 1997)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

The Performance Of Children With Down Syndrome On The Bruininks Oseretsky Test Of Motor Proficiency, Erin Docter, Kristine Tyler, Victoria Van Horn

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to begin collection of nonnative data on how children with Down syndrome, that are educable and trainable mentally impaired, perform on the Bruininks Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency - Short Form (BOTMPSF). The researchers collected data on children with Down syndrome between the ages of 4.11 and 13.7. Twenty subjects including 15 males and 5 females volunteered for the study. All participants were from schools and support groups throughout Holland, Grand Rapids, and Muskegon, Michigan. Each child was tested using the BOTMP-SF. Results indicated that children with Down syndrome perform significantly lower than children …

The Interdisciplinary Treatment Of Temporomandibular Disorder, Wendy Conlon, Amy Jones, Brenda Mitus

Masters Theses

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a chronic complex disorder that is treated by many health care professionals including dentists and physical therapists. The purpose of the study was to investigate the extent an interdisciplinary relationship exists between the dental and physical therapy professions in the treatment of TMD. This was accomplished by sending a survey questionnaire to 300 dentists in three midwestem metropolitan areas. The questionnaire identified treatment strategies and referral patterns used by dentists treating TMD. It is believed that the results of this study will bring attention to the advantages of using an interdisciplinary approach in the treatment of …

1997 Annual Reports And Resolutions, American Dental Association

ADA Transactions

This item is part of the Annual Reports and Resolutions subtitle of the ADA Transactions, a serial publication of the annual activities of the ADA House of Delegates (HOD)/Board of Trustees (BOT) made up of three separate subtitles: Annual Reports and Resolutions, Supplements, and Transactions. Generally, the ADA Transactions are published in multiple volumes throughout the year. Older versions include reports from all departments as subsections, while more recent versions include only those of councils, commissions, and committees.

Prp Genotypes And Experimental Scrapie In Orally Inoculated Suffolk Sheep In The United States, Katherine I. O'Rourke, G. R. Holyoak, W. W. Clark, J. R. Mickelson, S. Wang, R. P. Melco, T. E. Besser, W. C. Foote

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

One-hundred and three United States Suffolk sheep were inoculated orally with a scrapie agent preparation and monitored for clinical disease and histopathological lesions characteristic of scrapie. A retrospective study of the polymorphisms at codon 171 of the prion protein (PrP) gene was performed on these sheep. All 63 sheep that developed scrapie during the observation period were homozygous for the glutamine 171 (171-QQ) PrP allele. Twelve 171-QQ sheep failed to develop disease. All 5 sheep homozygous for arginine (171-RR) and all 23 heterozygous (171-QR) sheep remained free of scrapie.

Spongiform Encephalopathy In Free-Ranging Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus), White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) And Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus Elaphus Nelsoni) In Northcentral Colorado, T. R. Spraker, M. W. Miller, E. S. Williams, D. M. Getzy, W. J. Adrian, G. G. Schoonveid, R. A. Spowart, Katherine I. O'Rourke, J. M. Miller, P. A. Merz

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Between March 1981 and June 1995, a neurological disease characterized histologically by spongiform encephalopathy was diagnosed in 49 free-ranging cervids from northcentral Colorado (USA). Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) were the primary species affected and accounted for 41(84%) of the 49 cases, but six Rocky Mountain elk (Cereus elaphus nelsoni) and two white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were also affected. Clinical signs included emaciation, excessive salivation, behavioral changes, ataxia, and weakness. Emaciation with total loss of subcutaneous and abdominal adipose tissue and serous atrophy of remaining fat depots were the only consistent gross findings. Spongiform encephalopathy …

Hydroxylation Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Ceramides Requires Sur2p And Scs7p, Dale Haak, Ken Gable, Troy Beeler, Teresa Dunn

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae SCS7 and SUR2 genes are members of a gene family that encodes enzymes that desaturate or hydroxylate lipids. Sur2p is required for the hydroxylation of C-4 of the sphingoid moiety of ceramide, and Scs7p is required for the hydroxylation of the very long chain fatty acid. Neither SCS7 nor SUR2 are essential for growth, and lack of the Scs7p- or Sur2p- dependent hydroxylation does not prevent the synthesis of mannosyldiinositolphosphorylceramide, the mature sphingolipid found in yeast. Deletion of either gene suppresses the Ca²⁺-sensitive phenotype of csg2Δ mutants, which arises from overaccumulation of inositolphosphorylceramide due to …

Outlook Magazine, Summer 1997

Outlook Magazine

No abstract provided.

Childhood Physical Or Sexual Abuse As A Possible Indicator Of Subsequent Adult Anxiety Disorders, Lynn Merry Cornwell

Graduate Research Papers

In recent years, there has been a growing acceptance that childhood physical and sexual abuse lead to higher rates of psychiatric morbidity in adulthood. Childhood abuse experiences have been reported to be highly prevalent among patients with anxiety disorders. Similarly, childhood incest victims have been found to suffer from a significantly higher rate of anxiety disorders in adulthood especially agoraphobia, than a non-victimized, matched comparison group. Epidemiology studies also support a relationship between childhood abuse and the subsequent development of anxiety disorders. Two separate community surveys found that childhood sexual victimization predicted the later onset of agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and …

An Analysis Of Critical Thinking At A Liberal Arts College, Amy Goebel

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

This study investigated the differences among first-year, sophomore, junior, and senior college students in critical thinking skills and dispositions as measured by the California Critical Thinking Skills Test and the California Critical Thinking dispositions Inventory. Tests were administered to college students from a small, private institution in a rural area of the Midwest enrolled in general education courses with a majority being first-year and senior students. Consistent with the hypothesis, critical thinking skills and dispositions differed significantly between first-year, sophomore, junior, and senior students. Scores on the two tests were significantly correlated with each other, and scores on the skills …

Association Between Plasma Homocysteine, Vitamin Status, And Extracranial Carotid-Artery Stenosis In The Framingham Study Population, Jacob Selhub, Paul F. Jacques, Andrew G. Bostrom, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Peter W. F. Wilson, Albert J. Belanger, Daniel H. O'Leary, Philip A. Wolf, David Rush, Ernst J. Schaefer, Irwin H. Rosenberg

United States Public Health Resources

Recent epidemiologic studies suggest that elevated homocysteine concentrations in plasma represent a risk factor for vascular disease and stroke. In the present study, we analyzed plasma samples from the 20th biannual examination of the Framingham Heart Study cohort to determine distribution of plasma homocysteine concentrations, with emphasis on relationships to vitamins that are involved in homocysteine metabolism and prevalence of carotid artery stenosis. Results showed that homocysteine was positively correlated with age. After controlling for age and sex, homocysteine exhibited strong inverse correlation with plasma folate, and weaker correlations with plasma vitamin B₁₂ and pyridoxal- 5' -phosphate. Homocysteine was …

Cystathionine Β-Synthase Deficiency: Metabolic Aspects, S. Harvey Mudd

United States Public Health Resources

Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) deficiency was first demonstrated in 1964 in an eight-year-old mentally retarded girl with bilaterally dislocated optic lenses who excreted abnormally elevated amounts of homocystine in her urine. Patients with similar metabolic abnormalities and clinical findings had first been discovered 2 years earlier by Carson and her colleagues during a survey of mentally backward children in Northern Ireland. CBS deficiency has proven to be the most frequently encountered of the human genetic diseases causing homocystinuria and severe hyperhomocyst(e)inemia. Worldwide, it is detected with a frequency of about 1: 344,000 by screening programs of the newborn, but this is …

Blood Homocysteine Levels In The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes Iii) In The United States: Preliminary Findings By Age And Sex, Irwin H. Rosenberg, Jacob Selhub, Paul F. Jacques, Barbara A. Bowman, Elaine W. Gunter, Clifford L. Johnson, R. S. Murphy

United States Public Health Resources

Evidence from scores of observational studies from many parts of the world have demonstrated an association between elevated blood total homocysteine levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke. These conditions are more prevalent in males than in females in virtually all populations studied, and their prevalence increases with advancing age. A much smaller body of data exists that describes an increasing tendency to higher homocysteine levels with increasing age.

There have been no previous reports of blood homocysteine levels measured in a cross-sectional sample throughout the age spectrum from childhood through the elderly. However, the …

The Etiology Of Neural Tube Defects, J. M. Scott, D. G. Weir, A. Molloy, J. Mcpartlin, Leslie Daly, P. Kirke, M. Conley, J. Lee, J. Mills

United States Public Health Resources

Evidence continues to confirm that periconceptional ingestion of folic acid can prevent neural tube defects, although the basis of this prevention has been unclear. To further elucidate the mechanism by which this occurs, blood samples were collected from more than 50,000 pregnant women and the samples analyzed for red cell folate, plasma folate, plasma vitamin B12, and plasma homocysteine levels. Based on the results, it appears that the beneficial effect of folic acid is in overcoming a metabolic block in a folatedependent enzyme or transport process. It is likely that methionine synthase may be directly or indirectly involved.

The neural …

Cancer Mortality In Workers Exposed To Phenoxy Herbicides, Chlorophenols, And Dioxins, Manolis Kogevinas, Heiko Becher, Trevor Benn, Pier Alberto Bertazzi, Paolo Boffetta, H. Bas Bueno-De-No-De-, David Coggon, Didier Colin, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Marilyn Fingerhut, Lois Green, Timo Kauppinen, Margareta Littorin, Elsebeth Lynge, John D. Mathews, Manfred Neuberger, Neil Pearce, Rodolfo Saracci

United States Public Health Resources

The authors examined cancer mortality in a historical cohort study of 21,863 male and female workers in 36 cohorts exposed to phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, and dioxins in 12 countries. Subjects in this updated and expanded multinational study coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer were followed from 1939 to 1992. Exposure was reconstructed using job records, company exposure questionnaires, and serum and adipose tissue dbxin levels. Among workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides contaminated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) or higher chlorinated dioxins, mortality from soft-tissue sarcoma (6 deaths; standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75-4.43) …

Ambulatory Arthroscopic Knee Surgery Results Of Partial Meniscectomy, Muhammad Umar

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

In an open prospective study the results of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy were reviewed in 188 knees. Group I comprised of 139 (65%) knees with pure meniscus lesions without any ligament laxity, the remaining 49 (35%) knees in group II had anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency in addition to meniscus lesions. In group I, 93% had excellent to good and 7% had fair results by criteria of Tapper and Hoover. In group II, 75% had excellent to good and 25% had fair results. Arthroscopic knee surgery was a good method of identifying patients in group II who required anterior cruciate reconstruction. …

Techniques And Strategies For Educating And Accommodating Students With Hearing Loss In The Classroom, Stacia H. Thompson

All Graduate Projects

The purpose of this study was to develop a teacher and administrator's handbook of techniques and strategies for educating and accommodating students with hearing loss in the classroom. To accomplish this purpose, a review of literature and current research on mainstreaming, educating, and accommodating students with hearing loss was conducted. Additionally, information from selected schools serving students with hearing loss was obtained and analyzed.

Occupation As Spiritual Activity, Brenda S. Howard, Jay R. Howard

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Although spirituality is rarely explicitly mentioned in the occupational therapy literature, it is implied as an interwoven part of the human system. This article explores the meaning of occupation in the context of sociological and Judeo-Christian theological frameworks and the meaning of spirituality in the occupational therapy clinic. A case is made for acknowledging spirituality in clinical reasoning as a centralizing component of the patients' motivation and assignment of meaning to life.

A Characterization Of Early B-Lymphopoiesis: The Differentiation Of Lymphohemopoietic And Early Committed B-Lymphoid Progenitors, Timothy C. Ball

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Studies of B-lymphopoiesis have long been hindered by the lack of assays capable of supporting the differentiation and identification of lymphohemopoietic and early committed B-lymphoid progenitors. The clonal identification of cell-cycle dormant lymphohemopoietic progenitors from mice treated with 5 flurouracil (5-FU) became possible with the development of the two-step assay for lymphohemopoietic progenitors. Studies presented in this dissertation are centered around elucidation of the processes of differentiation of lymphohemopoietic progenitors in an attempt to determine the sequence of events occurring in divergence of the B-lymphoid and myeloid lineages. To address this question a single-step assay capable of supporting the differentiation …

Regulation Of The Ncx1 Gene In The Normal And Hypertrophied Myocardium, Kimberly Victoria Barnes

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

The sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX1) plays a major role in calcium efflux, and therefore, in calcium homeostasis in the heart. The exchanger mRNA and protein is rapidly upregulated within one hour of pressure overload. In this work, the exchanger has been shown to be upregulated by persistent pressure overload for at least one to two weeks. The 5' end of the NCX1 gene has been characterized in order to examine transcriptional regulation of the cardiac promoter. Four feline NCX1 isoforms of the 5' untranslated region have been cloned: one from brain (Br1), one from kidney (K1), and two from heart (H1 …