Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Investigating Vital Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Pathogen Response In Neutropenic Individuals, Ryan Illig

Thinking Matters Symposium

Neutrophils, also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), constitute the majority of innate immune cells. These cells possess a complex arsenal of functions that allow them to detect and eliminate a broad spectrum of pathogens. Neutropenia is characterized by decreased levels of neutrophils in the bloodstream, typically falling below the normal range. Moderate to severe neutropenia can increase the risk of pathogenic infections and without treatment can be life-threatening. Although the concentration of neutrophils in neutropenic individuals is decreased, upon activation, neutrophils still release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are pivotal in combating a spectrum of pathogens through their non-selective nature. Overreactive …

Policymaker’S Perspectives And Student Experiences Of Bullying At Schools In The Uae: A Mixed-Method Approach, Alfan Saghayir Alketbi

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

Bullying is a significant issue in schools worldwide, including in the UAE. This dissertation aims to explore the dynamics of school bullying and improve anti-bullying interventions through a mixedmethod approach. The primary goal is to investigate current anti-bullying efforts in the UAE and identify a comprehensive framework for school-based bullying intervention, considering policymaker perspectives and student experiences. The study includes a systematic scoping review, qualitative studies with policymakers, a SWOT analysis of Abu Dhabi's anti-bullying approaches, and a crosssectional survey of students' perceptions, attitudes, and awareness in Al-Ain City. These methods provide an integrated view of bullying in the UAE …

Restorative Parks And Emotional Wellbeing In Camden City, Nj, Benjamin Woodward, Hannah Genereux, Jonathan Hansel, Mahbubur Meenar

STEM Student Research Symposium Posters

The content presented in this poster is associated with two projects that focus on the intersection of restorative park design and the emotional and mental wellbeing of park users within the context of the City of Camden, NJ, a community that has faced environmental injustices for many decades. Both projects are initiated by the Rowan University Community Planning + Visualization Lab, with one funded by NASA and the other by the Rowan University Catalyst Grant program. Collaborators include Rowan students, faculty, as well as researchers from external entities, both national and international. Additionally, the Rowan University Planning Studio 2023 participated …

The Influence Of Cognition On Dysphagia In Adults With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Elizabeth Mcdonald

Student Academic Conference

Dysphagia leads to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality (Alhashemi, 2010), and individuals with severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are at an extremely heightened risk of developing dysphagia. This paper identified the known links between cognition and dysphagia, specifically focusing on adults with severe TBIs. The Rancho Los Amigos Revised Scale (RLAS-R) was found to be the best predictive factor in the presence, severity, and resolution of dysphagia (Terré & Mearin, 2007; Terré & Mearin, 2009; Hansen et al., 2008). This information is vital for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to understand due to their experience and expertise in treating disorders …

Impacts Of Socioeconomic Status On Language Development In Preschool Children, Denise Adriaansen

Student Academic Conference

According to Lee (2023), 37.9 million Americans are living in poverty. Poverty is associated with deficits in language, communication, and social skills. Language development is a crucial aspect of a child's development. Children who live in low-socioeconomic households have a higher prevalence of language impairments. This paper will explore the impact that socioeconomic status has on language development in preschool-aged children. It includes becoming knowledgeable on serving individuals that come from different backgrounds, including level of socioeconomic status. It is important for all individuals especially professionals who will serve this population to understand how level of socioeconomic status can affect …

The Psychosocial Effects Of Alaryngeal Speech Following A Laryngectomy, Jennifer Cloos

Student Academic Conference

When an individual is unable to communicate using verbal speech, they can be given or introduced to a variety of alternative or augmentative options to help assist in their ability to communicate their wants and needs appropriately. In this paper the focus is on communication from those who have had a partial or total laryngectomy procedure and how the alteration of their means of communicative output affects their psychosocial health and well-being. This literature review breaks down what kind of care is expected for laryngectomees post-operation, options for communicative output following that procedure, how intensive surgeries and artificial voice options …

The Role Of High School Based Speech Language Pathologists In Transitioning Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder Into Professional Careers, Cameryn Maykut

Student Academic Conference

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is widely known to be one of the fastest growing developmental disabilities in the United States. Due to the ever-increasing prevalence of ASD, it is essential for Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) to be educated on how to provide the highest quality of services to this population. This research paper aims to investigate the role of the high school based SLP while working with students with ASD during the transition from high school to vocational settings. Research was collected through compiling data from a variety of peer-reviewed scholarly sources, such as journals, articles, and organizations. Findings from the …

The Speech Language Pathologist's Role In Intervention For Parkinson's Disease, Jenna Lovaas

Student Academic Conference

This literature review explored the available intervention techniques utilized by Speech Language Pathologists (SLPs) when treating individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Parkinson's disease affects six million people worldwide and is expected to double by the year 2040. Deficits associated with PD manifest themselves into motor and non-motor symptoms that show varying benefit from pharmacological approaches alone. For this reason, SLPs provided comprehensive treatment approaches to address the challenges related to dysarthria, dysphagia, and cognitive linguistic skills. Treatment consisted of behavioral techniques, diet modifications, compensatory strategies, muscle strength training, and restorative training. While some techniques demonstrated benefit to more than one …

The Effect Of Melodic Intonation Therapy On Language Recovery In Patients After Stroke, Alie Rockey

Student Academic Conference

This project is an examination of literature discussing the effects of Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) on language recovery in patients after stroke. The role of MIT after stroke is to encourage language recovery and promote overall well-being. Nine studies are summarized pertaining to the importance of MIT for individuals after stroke and the generalization of this approach. The existing literature supported MIT as a consistent intervention approach that positively impacted stroke and language recovery. Additionally, this review explored implementation options and the importance of each method. The importance for future research and synthesis is impactful across settings. Overall implications predict …

Best Practice Interventions For Individuals With Cleft Palate, Aleisha Johnson

Student Academic Conference

Cleft palate and cleft lip with palate occur in every 1,700 and 1,600 births (ASHA, n.d.). Speech-language pathology intervention is often needed by individuals who have had a cleft palate; about 50% of individuals who have had a repaired cleft palate are referred to speech pathology services (Sand et al., 2022). According to Alighieri et al. (2021), there is a lack of clear procedures when administering treatment to individuals with repaired cleft palates. The purpose of this project is to identify best practice for speech therapy interventions for individuals with repaired cleft palates. This project reviews the traditional articulation approach, …

Understanding Practitioner’S Perceptions Of Speech And Language Therapy Services In The Juvenile Justice System, Julia Buendgen

Student Academic Conference

The purpose of this study was to gain more understanding of how individuals who work with the juvenile justice population understand language disorders and the scope of speech and language therapy services. In addition, this study explored potential supports for individuals working in this setting. This study consisted of twenty participants working in the juvenile justice system who completed a survey tool that was designed by the researcher to describe the participant's perceptions of speech-language pathology, current procedures, reported challenges, and potential areas in need of support. Participant knowledge of the scope of speech-language pathology varied among participants. The highest …

Focus Groups: Perceived Stress And Stress Management Techniques Of Speech-Language Pathology Graduate Students, Emily Karevold

Student Academic Conference

Speech-Language Pathologists are required to earn a master's degree from an accredited program (ASHA, n.d.). Graduate students, typically in their twenties and thirties, are prone to stress that arise while completing their graduate degree such as paying off undergraduate student debt, earning a sustainable income while in school, and working on establishing a professional identity within their career field (Cho & Hayter, 2020). This stress is magnified by the stress associated with earning a graduate education, which negatively impacts their productivity and diminishes their mental and physical well-being (Cho & Hayter, 2020).Stress can be defined as any change that causes …

Psychosocial Effects Of Stuttering In Adults: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy And The Role Of The Slp, Gabrielle Furman

Student Academic Conference

Adults who stutter may be struggling with the psychological or emotional impacts relating to their stutter. This project examines the psychosocial effects of stuttering on adults and addresses the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy to reduce the negative feelings and attitudes towards their stutter. The aspects of cognitive-behavioral therapy and the techniques involved were explored. This therapy approach was found to be beneficial for adults who stutter in reducing anxiety and social avoidance, increasing participation in daily activities, and increasing confidence in speaking situations. The role of the speech-language pathologist was found to include choosing an approach that best fits the …

Healthcare Leaders' Attitudes And Perceptions On Use Of Artificial Intelligence (Ai) And Ai Enabled Tools In Healthcare Settings, Avery Steffen

Student Academic Conference

Problem or Gap: Numerous studies have shown that AI can be used for diagnosis, problem-solving, identification of key disease features, and treatment planning processes for complex clinical cases1. It is important to note that leaders and managers play a key role in implementing AI methods throughout their organizations, however, there is a dearth of studies that examines attitudes and perceptions of clinical and administrative leaders towards integration of AI in healthcare settings. Furthermore, there is a need for literature that helps in identification of both facilitators that lead to AI adoption and barriers that can hinder AI adoption in healthcare …

Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma Presenting As A Stroke Alert: A Case Report, Christian Flores Do, Monisha Bindra Do, Adam Sigal Md, Michael A. Romeo Do

Tower Health Research Day

No abstract provided.

Short-Term Effects Of Caffeine Supplementation On Cardiac Dynamics And Anaerobic Strength Output In Collegiate Male Athletes, Tyler Clum, Katelyn Messner, Alyssa Jagger, Caeden Gurganus, Kylie Miller, Rema Suniga

ONU Student Research Colloquium

ABSTRACT. Caffeine, a widely consumed drug, has been shown to significantly increase heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (Geethavani et al., 2014), but had only insignificant changes in these cardiovascular measurements (Alhabeeb et al., 2022); while Matsumara and his colleagues (2023) reported that caffeine decreased 100-meter sprint times indicating that caffeine may improve anaerobic performance. The current study investigated the short-term effects of caffeine on heart rate (HR, beats per minute), blood pressure (mmHg), and 20-yard sprint performance time (seconds; Dashr Sprint Timing System). These parameters were measured in triplicate before and at 45-minutes after caffeine supplementation at a dose …

Locally Tailored Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Towards Diet Sustainability Questionnaire: Development And Validation Among Uaeu Adults, Asma Bahaaldeen Numan

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

Food production is a major contributor to global environmental change and sustainability. Sustainable diets can be defined as “diets with low environmental impacts which contribute to food and nutrition security and healthy life for present and future generations”. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) aims to enhance its food security to meet the current local demand and future needs of an increasing population. Before determining a sustainable diet pattern for the UAE population, it is foremost more important to understand the perception of sustainable diet production and consumption. A thorough comprehension of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the United Arab …

Antibiotic Prophylaxis In Surgical Patients, Rebekah Muselin

ONU Student Research Colloquium

Problem: Post operative surgical site infections continue to be an issue that hospitals face. Although there is not one specific root cause of postoperative surgical site infections, there are steps that can be taken that potentially decrease the risk of acquiring an infection. By initiating prophylactic antibiotics prior to surgery, the incidence of postoperative infections may be decreased. Purpose:The purpose of this project is to compare the occurrence of postoperative surgical site infection rates when using prophylactic preoperative antibiotics to postoperative antibiotics. Methods: This project will be a retrospective chart review. There will be a review of the rate of …

Cultural Education Interventions Impact On Cultural Competence, Kaylie V. Griffin Ms

ONU Student Research Colloquium

Problem: In the United States, there is a substantial increase in diversity. This increase in diversity poses multiple challenges for healthcare workers and healthcare systems. Because nurses care for patients with various cultural backgrounds, health beliefs and practices, and languages, cultural competency plays a pivotal role in providing patient-centered care. There is a need to enhance cultural education for healthcare workers to ensure that healthcare workers have the skills and knowledge to effectively engage with all patient populations. Implementing cultural education interventions seeks to increase healthcare workers' competency, communication, and patient outcomes. Purpose: The purpose of this research question is …

Evaluating The Effect Of Skipping Ticagrelor Doses And Need For Bolus Doses Upon Treatment Resumption Through Population Pk/Pd Simulation, Hiroyoshi Matsui, Le Thien Truc Pham, Eyob D. Adane

ONU Student Research Colloquium

Ticagrelor (Brilinta (R)) is the first reversibly binding oral P2Y12 receptor antagonist. It is used, mostly in combination with aspirin, in patients with acute coronary syndromes to reduce thrombosis. The manufacturer of ticagrelor recommends discontinuing it at least 5 days before any surgery when possible. While the effect of dose interruptions on the risk of thrombosis is not directly studied, it is important to understand the impact of skipping doses on ticagrelor's PK/PD profile for clinical-decision making. The objectives of the current study were to simulate the impact of therapy interruption on the PK/PD of ticagrelor and examine the need …

Differential Behavioral Responses In Male And Female Mice Lacking Either Rgs2 Or Rgs4 Proteins After Acute Administration Of Antidepressants And Anxiolytics, Hiroyoshi Matsui, Sarah Seeley, Manoranjan S. D'Souza

ONU Student Research Colloquium

The overall objective of the study was to assess the acute behavioral effects of currently used antidepressants and anxiolytics in male and female mice lacking regulator of G protein-signaling (RGS) proteins 2 and 4 and their wild-type counterparts. RGS 2 and 4 proteins negatively modulate signaling pathways of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which play an important role in mediating the effects of monoamine neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. These neurotransmitters in turn play an important role in the action of antidepressant and anxiolytic medications. The study was undertaken because no studies till date have systematically assessed the behavioral …

Body Mass Index Of Male And Female Athletes At Onu From 2000-2023, Sydney Kilgore, Hunter King, Scott Swanson

ONU Student Research Colloquium

Title: Body Mass Index of Male and Female Athletes at ONU from 2000-2023

Introduction/Background:

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a quick and simple measurement examining the ratio of body mass to height. Many athletes are larger than their non-athlete counterparts due to increased muscle mass and may have elevated BMI’s. The NCAA’s Division III has the largest number of athletes (>200,000 participants) and comprises nearly 40% of all the athletes in the three NCAA athletic Divisions. Despite the number of athletes participating in Division III athletics, little is known about their overall physical characteristics and BMI.

Purpose:

Determine …

Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling And Simulation Of Various Bolus And Infusion Doses Of Cangrelor, Le Thien Truc Pham, Eyob Adane

ONU Student Research Colloquium

Background: Cangrelor (Kengreal(R) is a non-thienopyridine parenteral antiplatelet drug approved as an adjunct for the reduction of periprocedural myocardial infarction and stent thrombosis risk in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It is also used off-label for bridging in patients who are off their antiplatelet agents prior to surgery. Cangrelor blocks the binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) by reversibly binding to P2Y12 receptors on platelet surfaces. In comparison to other P2Y12 antagonists, cangrelor has a rapidly reversible platelet inhibition effect with a short half-life of approximately 3-5 minutes. Data on simultaneous PK/PD modeling of cangrelor are, however, lacking. The aims …

Effects Of Kappa Opioid Receptor Manipulation On Methamphetamine-Induced Behavioral Sensitization In Adolescent Male And Female Rats, Hiroyoshi Matsui Mr, Sarah Seeley, Manoranjan S. D'Souza

ONU Student Research Colloquium

Methamphetamine abuse amongst adolescents has been on the rise in the United States. In this study, we assessed the effects of manipulation of KORs on methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in adolescent male and female rats. Methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization is an animal model to study methamphetamine addiction. Behavioral sensitization usually occurs in animals who have been treated with methamphetamine followed by a period of withdrawal. It is hypothesized that brain circuits are altered during the period of withdrawal after methamphetamine exposure resulting in sensitized (increased) responses to methamphetamine at the end of the withdrawal period. The experiment was conducted over 28 days. …

Evaluating The Importance Of Biosecurity In Swine Operations, Lindsey Lemley, Lilly Rogers, Austin Calhoun

ATU Scholars Symposium

Swine health is critical to maintaining a profitable and productive swine operation. Biosecurity and sanitation are important practices that help maintain herd health. This study aimed to discover how biosecurity protocols and management practices differ between swine operations of different sizes. With diseases such as Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV), Brucellosis, and Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) being common in the swine industry, a strong biosecurity protocol protects swine farmers from financial losses associated with disease outbreaks. In 2004 alone, the estimated financial loss to PRRSV was over $761 million. Data concerning biosecurity and sanitation was collected from …

The Importance Of Program Collaboration To Educate Nursing Students In Bilingualism, Lindsey N. Voigt, Halle M. Wohlers

Research & Creative Achievement Day

Purpose: With a growing Spanish-speaking population, communication is becoming more important in the healthcare field. It is important to address the needs of this population and one of the ways this can be achieved is by increasing the number of bilingual nurses. The overall purpose of this project was to discover the impact of bilingual nurses in health care and use that information to inspire and educate current and future nursing students. The findings from our review of literature were synthesized along with a survey to create resources for nursing and Spanish double majors and minors at Winona State University …

Preventing Illness Though Nutrition, Olivia R. Mccarter

Research & Creative Achievement Day

This is a series of Tik Tok videos that were made to educate people on how to prevent certain illnesses such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, through nutrition. The series had different types of videos such as recipes and different grocery store items that aid in preventing illnesses while also teaching the benefits of heart healthy nutrients. Each video was sent to a registered dietitian to get further helpful information and approval of content.

Beyond Appearance: Nmr Metabolomics For Mushroom Quality Assurance And Authenticity, Arun Krishna Murthy, Amber Thelen

Oxford ICSB

Driven by their prominent health benefits, mushrooms are extremely popular in food and nutraceutical sectors, incidentally attracting food fraud such as species mislabeling and substitution, adulteration, and contamination with synthetic and cheaper substitutes, severely affecting the supply chain and raising concerns among consumers about product safety and quality. Untargeted chemical profiling using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (U-NMR) spectroscopy, in conjunction with Multivariate Statistical Analysis (MSA) proves to be a superior and universally recognized analytical method in simultaneously addressing these concerns and inadequacies of conventional analytical methods. A comprehensive and robust 1H NMR spectral library is built using validated mushroom samples of …

Metabolite Profiling Of Functional Fungi Strains Of Hericium Erinaceus & Cordyceps Militaris: Using Phenotypes, Untargeted Metabolomics By Mass Spectrometry And Cell-Based Assays, Julie Daoust

Oxford ICSB

Mushrooms have a long tradition of use as medicinal and functional ingredients however the lack of development in testing methods currently limits our ability to characterize these products. Selecting the right strain or processing method is currently challenging given the lack of commercially available analytical methods to detect or quantify secondary metabolites with therapeutic endpoints. Very little is known about the variability of these metabolites between strains of the same species and between identical strains grown in different conditions therefore an untargeted analytical method was needed to adequately assess impact of strain genetics and growing methods for M2 Ingredients cultures …

Chemical And Biological Investigation Of The Effects Of Vinegar Baking Sambucus Canadensis Anthocyanins, Elizabeth Martin

ATU Scholars Symposium

New treatments for cancer and bacterial infections are needed, especially because most patients acquire resistance to conventional first-line treatments. Many natural product metabolites exhibit potent activity. Sambucus sp., elderberry, and Salvia sp., or sage, are well-known shrubs for their therapeutic benefits. This study aims to analyze how secondary metabolites are extracted from the native American Elderberry, Sambucus canadensis, and Sage, Salvia officinalis. It also aims to investigate the process of vinegar baking of medicinal plants to enhance the chemical space and increase the biological properties. Vinegar baked and non-vinegar baked elderberries and sage were utilized to test this theory. …