Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Impact Of Child Abuse And Neglect On Health Risk Behaviors And The Mental, Physical, And Spiritual Health Of Survivors, Katia Reinert

Adventist Human-Subject Researchers Association

The presentation will discuss research data on the prevalence of child abuse among 10,283 Seventh-day Adventists in North America, including the impact of childhood trauma on health risk behaviors, negative mental and physical health, and spiritual distress. Protective factors for survivors and the role of the church in abuse prevention and resilience among survivors will be explored.

Findings From Recent Scientific Research: Highlighting Priorities For Mission, David R. Williams

Adventist Human-Subject Researchers Association

This presentation provides an overview of recent scientific research in the area of childhood influences on adult health, the significance of mental health challenges in contemporary society, self-reported discrimination and health and the effects of forgiveness on health. In all of these diverse areas, the findings highlight opportunities for faith-based institutions and individuals to affirm and act on mission priorities.

The presentation slideshow is available here (or click the blue "Download" icon above).

An Active Efficient Coding Model Of The Development Of Amblyopia, Samuel Eckmann, Lukas Klimmasch, Bertram Shi, Jochen Triesch

MODVIS Workshop

No abstract provided.

Implementing A Monitoring Program For Patients On Direct Oral Anticoagulants, Jiehyun Lee, Shally S. Singh, Michael L. Smith

Research Day

Service or Program: The Backus Hospital Medication Management Clinic located in Norwich, CT provides a newly implemented Direct Oral Anticoagulant (DOAC) management service. This service is provided by a clinical pharmacist for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism. The clinical pharmacist assists in the initiation, monitors for the efficacy and safety, and provides education on the benefits and risks of DOAC therapy. The clinical pharmacist communicates to the referring physicians on any significant concerns or recommendations with DOAC therapy. Lifestyle, renal function, and other medication use will be evaluated to ensure safety and stability. The referred patients will …

Adenovirus Nephritis In Kidney Transplant Recipients: Clinical Features And Management, Osamuyi Idubor

Research Day

Background: Adenoviruses (AdV) are double-stranded DNA viruses that are well recognized as cause of significant morbidity and allograft dysfunction in transplant recipients. Adenovirus nephritis (AdN) can present with hemorrhagic cystitis or tubulointerstitial nephritis. Histological evaluation demonstrates interstitial inflammation, granulomas. Here we report 8 cases of AdN in kidney transplant recipients and their clinical course, management, and outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective search to identify cases of AdN in renal transplant recipients from 2009-2016 at the Emory Transplant Center.

Results: The diagnosis of AdN was confirmed by immunostaining on kidney transplant. All patients presented with complaints of constitutional symptoms; fever, dysuria, hematuria, …

Assessment Of Appropriate Treatment Of Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia, Essie Samuel

Research Day

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) when present within the bloodstream can result in increased rates of morbidity and 30-day all-cause mortality. Previous studies have assessed the significance of Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) bacteremia, where the treatment of choice is a β-lactam (or vancomycin if penicillin-allergic) or vancomycin, respectively. Rapid and appropriate antimicrobial selection is crucial for resolution of symptoms and prevention of relapse. For S.aureus bacteremia (SAB) treatment with systemic antibiotics, a short-course (14 days) can be utilized for uncomplicated cases and for patients with complicated SAB, long-course regimens are recommended at ≥ 4 weeks. …

Delayed Severe Drug Induced Cholestasis After Anabolic Steroids Exposure, Rashed A. Alfarra, Haris Hatic, Kelly M. Adkins, Shashi Poddar

Research Day

Anabolic steroids therapy is linked to a distinctive form of acute cholestasis that generally arises within 1 to 4 months of starting therapy but may be delayed to as long as 6 to 24 months in some reported cases. We are presenting an unusual case where acute cholestasis happened 5 weeks after discontinuing short course (7 days) of anabolic steroids.

A 20-year-old African American male without significant past medical history presented with jaundice, mild nausea and generalized pruritis. He admitted to self-initiation of oral Stanozolol 40 mg daily for 7-days about 5 weeks before his admission. No prior incidence and …

Examining Addiction Treatment Facilities: An Observational Study From The Perspective Of Medical Students, Holly Hagle, Reshma Patel, Nidhi Patel, Abigail Buckholz

Research Day

At the Institute for Research, Education, and Training in Addictions (IRETA), medical students are selected nationwide to learn about addiction and interact with patients undergoing treatment. It is well known that most medical schools do not provide significant training in addiction, and part of IRETA's goal is to remedy this need. In this study, medical students took observational field notes during site visits to various addiction treatment facilities. The data consisted of a comparison of treatment programs, as well as the results of motivational interviewing of patients. A thematic analysis was then conducted by the three students and the IRETA …

Folate Deficiency In May-Thurner Syndrome, Haris Hatic, Suzanne Wang, Prasad S. Garimella

Research Day

May–Thurner Syndrome (MTS) is a condition defined by an anatomical variant that results in the compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common iliac artery. This case report describes MTS in a Hispanic female with folate deficiency. 44-year-old Nicaraguan female who is a lifelong nonsmoker without any past medical history presented with left leg pain and swelling for seven days. The patient stated that her whole left leg was edematous without erythema. No recent travel, trauma, surgery or immobilization of the lower extremity. Initial vitals on presentation were unremarkable. Physical exam revealed a tender swollen of left …

Art, Technology, Medicine: Creativity And Innovation In The Health Sciences, Skye Bickett, Erica Rosalle, Meghan Di Rito

Research Day

Objectives: Our goal was to introduce our community to ways that creative or technological arts intersect with the healing arts. The event brought our community together for fun and stress relief, while teaching about different aspects of medical education, patient education, and therapy.

Methods: Drawing on the expertise of staff outside of the Library allowed us to enrich programming and make it interprofessional. The event had four components: Graphic Medicine, Art and Music Therapy, Gaming Technologies, and Health and Wellness. Each station included an example of the component, description of the modality, and a digital literature list.

Results: We asked …

Using Educational Board Games Adjunct To Traditional Lectures For Pharmacy Students In Learning Infectious Disease, Sirena Hu, Haley Ethredge, Drew Cates, Essie Samuel

Research Day

To determine if the utilization of modified games, such as ID-Candyland and ID-Taboo, are effective methods to reinforce student knowledge gained in traditional infectious diseases (ID) lectures. When confronted with various challenges of learning ID and the associated pharmacotherapy, pharmacy students often have difficulty applying knowledge learned within the traditional lecture setting to clinical practice and real-life situations involving patients. In addition to lectures and reading assignments, the utilization of educational games can extend learning opportunities, reinforce current understanding and promote a fun and competitive environment. Studies have shown that games are a powerful teaching strategy to develop creative learning …

Filming Trauma Simulations For Medical Education: A Comparison Of First-Person View Vs. Remotely Shot Video, Christopher Capicotto, Memu-Lye Kamara, John Krutsick, Arthur Sesso

Research Day

With advancements in video technology, first-person view places observers in the vantage point of the camera operator. Lightweight wearable products, such as GoPro cameras, are capable of capturing high-resolution footage. In a 3-phase project, first-person view (FPV) footage was compared to remotely-shot video (RSV) of identical trauma scenarios viewed by medical students and residents at PCOM.

Students responded to a trauma simulation by assessing the patient, obtaining a history and stabilizing the patient. This scenario was run once using RSV and again using FPV to capture the encounter. Both formats were screened for medical students in Phase I and Phase …

Connecting Homeless Women To Primary Care Providers: The Effects Of A Student Advocacy Model, Hillary Brown, Rachael Blackmon, Christopher Gable, Jenny Glusman, Kerin M. Claeson

Research Day

Introduction: The negative impact of homelessness on health, and the barriers that homeless individuals must overcome to access healthcare are well-documented. Primary care physicians often express difficulty in maintaining stable relationships with homeless patients, and access to free care clinics alone does not predict successful adherence to medical treatment. Motivation to seek care is also often cited as a barrier to adequate care.

Methods: The current study assesses the effects of a student-driven, decentralized primary care, and advocacy model on the chronic health conditions and task motivation of female patients. We do this through a pre/post model survey for women …

Associations Between First Year Medical Students’ Lifestyles, Resting Blood Pressure, And Resting Ecgs, Christina Spino-Oleck, Bram Sakdiponephong, Karen Davis, Kaela Frizzell, Charlotte H. Greene Phd, Bruce Kornberg

Research Day

Introduction: There is considerable evidence that psychological stressors can impact cardiovascular

health. Medical students experience a high degree of stress based upon their responses to survey questionnaires, although there are few physiological studies that support this association that are targeted specifically to medical students. Medical students in general represent an underrepresented age group in the context of cardiovascular treatment guidelines. Therefore, medical students are a pertinent cohort for study based upon these findings.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to analyze whether medical student lifestyles impact normal baseline cardiovascular measurements of blood pressures and electrocardiograms in this population. …

The Role Of Autophagy During Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury, Aloysius Ibe, Alisa Kim, Hannah Kim, Marquese Daniels, Lindon H. Young, Robert J. Barsotti, Qian Chen

Research Day

Autophagy is a housekeeping process to remove damaged cytoplasmic constituents. However, a debate persists on whether autophagy is beneficial or detrimental when an ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) insult occurs in the heart. This study tested the effects of autophagy enhancers (e.g. rapamycin and trehalose) and autophagy inhibitor (e.g. 3-methyladenine) on heart function and infarct size after global I (30 minutes) and R (45 minutes) when given prior to ischemia (pre-treatment) or at the beginning of reperfusion (post-treatment). We found that Rapamycin (25nM) pre-treatment and post-treatment significantly restored final left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) to 75.4±9.1% and 60±5% of initial baseline respectively (both …

Standardizing The Operative Note: A Way To Improve The Quality Of Data Collection To Optimize Patient Care, Kurt Bamberger, Leigh Gerson, James Haran

Research Day

INTRODUCTION: The standard surgical operative note serves an essential role in documenting the details of an operation; however common key details of the operative note are often omitted. This study investigated the effectiveness of implementing a Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) specific, intraoperative data collection template directly in the electronic health record to be used as an addition to the standard dictated operative note. We hypothesized that intraoperative data collection would lead to a more complete operative report.

METHODS: In this single center study, we retrospectively analyzed 211 operative notes prior to implementing an intraoperative template and 680 operative notes post template …

Evaluating The Impact Of Collaborative Care And Rehabiliation On Concussion Patients: Clinical Observations And Literary Review, Kevin Charan, Sarah Levin Allen

Research Day

Current research suggests that 1.6 - 3.8 million people each year suffer from concussions (Chin et al. 2016). The impact of concussions on the brain cannot be seen with traditional brain imaging, but screening tools can indicate whether the physical and cognitive symptoms presented are consistent with a concussion diagnosis. In addition to physical symptom reporting, concussion rehabilitation has shifted to focus on additional mental health factors. The aims of this capstone project were to gain a more in-depth understanding of the neurobiological and psychosocial factors influencing the recovery from a concussion, understand the rehabilitative process of a concussion, as …

Comprehensive User Engagement Sites (Cues): Is This A Viable Option For The Opioid Epidemic In Philadelphia?, Siddardth Umapathy, Samuel Schadt, John Dubensky, Matthew Dimeglio, Sonul Gulati, Kevin Cooney, Olivia Nguyen, Priscilla Rodriguez, Marvin Lee, Peter Clark

Research Day

INTRODUCTION: Opioid drug abuse has become an increasing concern throughout the United States, especially within the Philadelphia region. In 2017, the number of deaths by drug overdose were four times that of deaths by homicide. In addition, a total of 935 cases of secondary conditions due to needle sharing such as HIV and HCV occurred during the past year. The opioid epidemic has caused a public health emergency and any measures that could decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with opioid abuse are vital. A current proposal to combat this issue in Philadelphia is the implementation of a Comprehensive User …

Bilateral Femoroacetabular Impingement: The Fate Of The Asymptomatic Hip, Ibrahim Azboy, Hasan Huseyin Ceylan, Hamed Vahedi, Hannah Groff, Javad Parvizi

Research Day

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of bilateral femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in a consecutive group of patients and to evaluate the fate of the asymptomatic hip with

FAI.

Method: Between 2004 to 2016, 652 patients presented with hip pain arising from underlying FAI. Diagnosis of FAI was made based on clinical symptoms and imaging. 557 patients (646 hips) were included for the final analysis. Of these, 170 patients had bilateral radiological diagnosis of FAI. Of these, 88 patients presented with bilateral hip symptoms. The remaining 82 patients had unilateral hip symptoms. Of these 82 patients, …

The Neurobehavioral Interaction Between Physiological And Psychological Aspects Of Rehabilitation, Prabhjit Singh Toor, Sarah Levin Allen

Research Day

Introduction: The Neurobehavioral interplay between physiological occurrences and the subsequent psychological changes, and vice versa, are sometimes not directly investigated when trying to understand and treat various injuries.

Objective: The purpose of this Capstone project is to observe and further understand physiological and psychological interactions and the effects of those interactions in the rehabilitative process.

Methods: This Capstone project is based around observing several different physical therapy sessions at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and JFK Rehabilitation Institute, while conducting a literature review of previously published studies. This literature review is focused on the psychological and physiological aspects that play …

The $94 Billion Problem: Application Of Safe Acid Technology (Sat) To Combat Biofilm Infections, Katherine Mulquin, Benjamin Lam, Christopher Capicotto, Olivia Questore

Research Day

Purpose: Biofilm infections present a major public health threat. In the U.S. alone, biofilm infections are implicated in up to 550,000 yearly fatalities with an estimated annual cost of $94 billion. Biofilm infections are difficult to treat, as biofilm-secreting bacteria are highly resistant to host immune responses. We hypothesize that Safe Acid Technology (SAT), a unique acid formulation, may reduce the risk of biofilm infections while maximizing patient safety.

Methods: SAT anti-biofilm testing was administered by the Montana State University Center for BioFilm Engineering using a single species (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) biofilm grown in the CDC reactor according …

Patient Demographics And Reported Outcomes In Funded Versus Non-Funded Studies Assessing Thromboprophylaxis After Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review, Hannah Groff, Ibrahim Azboy, Javad Parvizi

Research Day

Background: There are numerous studies discussing thromboprophylaxis after total joint arthroplasty (TJA), which have varying conclusions. The purpose of this study was to investigate if industry funding of the study impacted patient demographics and overall reported outcomes of studies evaluating venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis after TJA.

Methods: Electronic searches were completed for Ovid, PubMed, and Embase. Studies were included if: (1) published in the English language between 2000 and 2016 (2) including patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) (3) evaluating prevention and control of VTE with at least one thromboprophylactic agent.

Results: There were 57 …

Clinical Assessment Of 4th Year Osteopathic Medical Students: Outdoor Medicine Rotation, Erik E. Langenau, Sarah Blazovic, Ashley Cochran, Sarah Corcoran, Elisa Guisto, Austin Sorchik, Cameron Williams

Research Day

Introduction: Securing clinical training sites remains a challenge for medical educators who often resort to paying preceptors or searching for new clinical training sites which haven’t traditionally taken students. We describe a unique partnership between the Boy Scouts of America and PCOM, providing a clinical training opportunity for OMS4 students at PCOM: Outdoor Clinical rotation the Summit Bechtel Family National Boy Scout Reserve in rural West Virginia at the National Scout jamboree, serving 35,000 scouts.

Methods and Curricular Design: By the end of the rotation, each PCOM student was able to (1) provide urgent care for common outdoor injuries: …

Efficacy Of The Mnemonic Device “March Paws” As A Checklist For Pararescuemen During Tactical Field Care And Tactical Evacuation, Stephen Rush, John Kosequat, Alex Scott, Isabelle Gallo, Kent Swats, Ian Simonsen

Research Day

Background: The application of TCCC represents evidence-based medicine to improve survival in combat. Over the past several years, USAF Pararescuemen (PJs) have expanded the mnemonic device “MARCH” to “MARCH PAWS” for use during tactical field care and tactical evacuation. It stands for massive bleeding, airway, respiration, circulation, head and hypothermia, pain, antibiotics, wounds, and splinting. We undertook this performance improvement project to determine the efficacy of this device as a treatment checklist.

Methods: The mission reports of a sixteen PJs’ combat rescue deployment to OEF from January through June 2012 were reviewed. The triage category, mechanism of injury, …

Trends In Reconstructive Surgery Following Mastectomy At A Single Institution Between 2011 And 2015, Jessica Barton, Jaclyn Malat, Sergio Perez, Michael T. Brown

Research Day

Current trends show that same-day breast reconstruction after oncologic breast surgery is increasing. Data regarding the factors contributing to this increase in oncoplastic surgery is lacking. We examine the timing and type of reconstructive surgery following mastectomy at Reading Hospital between 2011 and 2015. We hypothesized that the majority of women would choose immediate reconstruction rather than delayed reconstruction following mastectomy and that the number of reconstructive surgeries would increase from 2011 to 2015 correlating with the increase in availability and popularity of oncoplastic breast procedures. This retrospective study looked at a total of 579 patients, 129 of which underwent …

A Correlative Blood Assay To Monitor Patients At Risk For Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy, Angeleah Dadivas, Kinjal Parikh, John Kennedy, Amy Brady, Margaretha Wallon

Research Day

Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a disabling side effect of platinum-based chemotherapies like cis-, oxali- and carboplatin. While not all patients experience this effect, those that do are at risk for lifelong neuropathy. Platinum-based therapies cause bursts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can trigger structural changes in peripheral nerves including neuronopathy, axonopathy and/or myelinopathy. Glutathione, an antioxidant, plays an important role in redox homeostasis. The recycling of glutathione can be determined by the ChemoTox assay and the aim of this study was to examine its ability to predict CIPN.

Methods: Blood drawn from consented and chemotherapy …

Use Of A Custom Macro In Analysis Of Rat Sciatic Nerve Sections, Daniel R. Whiteman, Peter Tang, Hongkyun Kim, Clifford Voight, Mark C. Miller

Research Day

Introduction: Technology is a powerful analytic tool. This abstract outlines the use of a custom macro to analyze rat sciatic nerve histology sections as part of a larger study to evaluate functional and histologic outcomes after segmental nerve injury. The problem facing analysis of nerve sections is that the microscopic features of a nerve, such as the individual axon, cannot be viewed on the same scale as the entire nerve bundle. The goal of this analysis was to extrapolate the average total values of axon count, axon density, fiber diameter, and myelin thickness on a nerve section image taken at …

Plastination Procedure @ Pcom: Current Practice And Future Uses, Derek D. Jolley, Vishwant R. Tatagari, Kerin M. Claeson

Research Day

Introduction: Since its invention by German anatomist Gunther von Hagens, the process of forced-impregnation plastination of organic specimens has become the standard for the preservation of biological tissue specimens. This practice serves as the most practical method to preserve these specimens for study and is utilized at PCOM regularly for this purpose. During the steps of plastination, aqueous and lipid tissues are replaced by a curable polymer to produce plastinates that do not decompose, can be handled without gloves, and retain most characteristics of the original specimens. For decades, PCOM used this method to prepare a permanent teaching collection …

Population And Needs Assessment Of Migraineurs Treated By Reading Health System, Lauren Chamberlain, Haley Powell, Richard Lukose

Research Day

Introduction: Migraine headaches are a common chronic condition that contributes to a significant amount of disability and economic burden. Through this study, we aim to identify the patient population that is using the Emergency Department (ED) for chronic migraine (CM) treatment within the Reading Health System (RHS).

Research Methods: We conducted congruent and retrospective chart reviews of men, women, and children of all ages presenting to the ED with a severe headache between July 2017 to February 2018. All subjects were asked the same set of standard questions by a single interviewer in person or via telephone.

Results: A total …

A Case Series: Pre-Operative Internal Maxillary Artery Embolization Before Temporomandibular Joint Reconstruction, Amber Valeri, Joseph Georges, Carl Bifano, Hayan Dayoub, Hamza Shaikh

Research Day

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is an often-disfiguring pathology causing significant reduction in mandibular mobility leading to disability in mastication, digestion, speech, and oral hygiene. Caused by trauma, radiation, infection, and iatrogenic injury, TMJ ankylosis requires complete excision of the ankylosing mass following by arthroplasty. Substantial hemorrhage during this procedure, up to 3.7L, resulting from injury to the internal maxillary artery (IMA) as it courses around the ankylosing mass may occur. There are few data to recommend pre-operative IMA embolization, though a case series describing two patients who underwent the procedure describes significant decrease in intra-operative blood loss. Our aim …