Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Roli I Infermierit Në Kujdesin E Pacientëve Me Diabet Melit Tipi 2, Albina Krasniqi

Theses and Dissertations

Diabeti është një sëmundje e perhapur në të gjithë botën dhe shifrat flasin në rritje të vazhdueshme të njerezve të prekur nga kjo sëmundje. Gjithnjë e më shumë është në rritje numri i faktoreve të rinjë të rrezikut për diabetin, faktorët madhor të rrezikut për këtë sëmundje kronike mbeten faktor tradicional si: mosha, dhjamosja, inaktiviteti fizikë, faktoret diabetic, historia familjare për diabet dhe prania e faktorëve të tjerë kardiometabolik të rriskut. [1]. Qëllimi i këtij punimi është të përshkruaj trajtimin dhe kujdesin infermieror tek pacientet me DM si dhe edukimi për sëmundjen. Në këtë punim hulumtohen të dhëna për moshën, …

Treguesit E Pasqyrës Së Gjakut Tek Personat Me Diabet, Elmedina Shasivari

Theses and Dissertations

Hyrje - Diabeti (diabetes mellitus) është një sëmundje kronike, degjenerative e shkaktuar nga mungesa e insulinës për shkak të trupit të paaftë për të prodhuar insulinë në nivele normale, apo për shkak rë rezistencës së insulinës, një gjendje në të cilën qelizat e trupit rezistues ndaj insulinës përpiqen për rregullimin e niveleve të sheqerit në gjak. Insulina është një hormon i prodhuar nga pankreasi për të metabolizuar glukozën, një formë e sheqerit që është një nga burimet kryesore të furnizimit të qelizave me energji. Nëse diabeti është shkaktuar nga rezistenca e insulinës ose mungesa e insulinës, rezultati përfundimtar në të …

Ushqyeshmëria Dhe Aktivitetet Fizike Te Të Rinjtë, Hazbije Hasani

Theses and Dissertations

Ky punim shqyrton gjendjen ushqyese të të rinjeve si dhe shprehin e aktivitetit fizik. Ushqyeshmëria është një proces nëpërmjet të cilit merren dhe përdoren nga organizmi elementet kryesore të ushqimit. Aktiviteti fizik përcaktohet si qdo lëvizje trupore e prodhuar nga muskujt skeletor që kërkon shpenzim të energjisë. Qëllimi i punimit është të vlerësojë raportin ndërmjet ushqyeshmërisë dhe aktivitetit fizik, si dhe rëndësinë që të rinjët i kushtojnë këtyre dy aspekteve në përditshmëri. Metodologjia: Qasja në këtë punim ishte kuantitativ. Grumbullimi i të dhënave është përmes pyetsorëve të strukturuar me 14 pyetje të mbyllura ku qytetaret kanë pasur mundësi të zgjedhin …

Kujdesi Infermieror Ndaj Të Sëmurëve Me Tuberkuloz, Herolinda Laçaj

Theses and Dissertations

Tuberkulozi paraqet infeksion me bacilin e tuberkulozit mycobacterium tuberkulosis.Kjo sëmundje në terminologjinë anglosaksone njihet shkurt si TB është sëmundje infektive bakteriale e cila përhapet tutje në gjithë organizmin e njeriut përmes nyjeve limfatike dhe qarkullimit të gjakut.Kjo sëmundje zakonisht prek mushkëritë dhe gjithnjë kur e dëgjojmë fjalën tbc ose si thamë TB menjëherë mendojmë në sëmundje të mushkërive. Për qëllim të hulumtimit kemi pas analizimin e parametrave epidemiologjik të tuberkulozit në Kosovë dhe ebvaluimin e kujdesit infermieror ndaj kësaj sëmundje ngjitëse, trendin dhe incidencën e saj në vitet 2014 dhe 2015. Për material kemi grumbulluar të dhënat nga IKSHPK si …

Kujdesi Infermieror Tek Pacientet Me Hipertension, Resmi Berisha

Theses and Dissertations

Hartimi i kësaj teme është bërë në Kolegjin UBT, Fakulteti i Infermieris, në bashkpunim me spitalin regjional “Prim. Dr. Daut Mustafa” në Prizren.

Mentori i temës: Prof. Ass. Dr.Sejran Abdushi .

Përmes këtij punimi është bërë vlerësimi i karakteristikave epidemiologjike (moshës, gjinisë, vendbanimit, muajve më të frekuentuar të vitit) te pacientët hipertensiv në repartin e Internos në Spitalin Rajonal të Prizrenit.Rezultatet e fituara tregojnë se gjinia më e prekur me HTA është gjinia femrore me grupmoshën mbi 65 vjeç. Qyteti ishte vendbanimi me numrin më të lartë të rasteve me HTA që mund ti referohet qasjes më të lehtë të …

Eritocitet Dhe Leuokocitet, Roli Dhe Rëndësia E Tyre, Raneem Hijazi

Theses and Dissertations

Gjaku është lëng biologjik i cili përbëhet prej qelizave të kuqe, të bardha, plazmës, trombociteve, dhe indeve. Është i rëndësishëm për gjallesat sikurse janë njeriu dhe shtazët, për shkak të rolit të rëndesishëm në transportimin e (ushqimit dhe oksigenit) vitaminave, mbeturinave, hormonave, etj. për të gjitha indet dhe qelizat e ndryshme. Temperatura e gjakut eshte 37 °C masa e gjakut ne purt mcpep me am3. Gjatë punimit të temës kemi marrë informacione nga literatura ndërkombëtare si dhe të dhënat nga loboratori mjekësor. Gjaku përbën 8% të masës trupore. Për shembull, nëse masa e një personi është 60 kg, 4.8 kg …

Kujdesi Infermieror Tek Të Sëmuret Me Kancer, Suela Isufi

Theses and Dissertations

Praktika infermierore te kanceret përfshin të gjitha grupmoshat dhe fushat e infermierisë, ndërsa ofrohet në një sërë ambientesh të kujdesit shëndetësor, duke përfshirë shtëpinë, komunitetin, institucionet e kujdesit akut dhe qendrat e rehabilitimit. Gjatë kujdesit infermieror ndaj pacientit duhet të kemi parasysh në radhë të parë anën e tij psikologjike, Kur ai kupton se ka sëmundjen e kancerit ndjehet i traumatizuar, ndjehet sikur i ka ardhur fundi, prandaj dhe mbështetja infermierore rëndësi të madhe në këtë fazë te jetës së tyre. Për objektiv të këtij projekti kemi pasur hulumtimin e njohurive të infermierëve mbi sëmundjet kancerogjene dhe përvojat e tyre …

An Evidence Based Rationale For Making Tick - Borne Relapsing Fever A Nationally Notifiable Disease, Kyle M. Hatcher

Theses and Dissertations

Tick – borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is globally dispersed, and within the United States is found primarily in the mid – west, south - west, and north – west portions of the country. TBRF is a disease which causes patients to experience flu – like symptoms and is distinguished by multiple relapses of high fever which can cause individuals to be hospitalized multiple times over months. TBRF is caused by Borrelia spp. spirochetes and spread by Onthidoros spp. soft – shelled ticks. First diagnosed in the early 20th century, the disease has gone underdiagnosed and has attracted little attention for …

Dietary Advanced Glycation End-Products (Ages) And Breast Cancer Risk And Survival, Omonefe Opeyemi Omofuma

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases including cancer. AGEs are produced endogenously and are also consumed from foods. High amounts of AGEs are found in animal products and processed foods, and AGE formation is accelerated during cooking at high temperatures. Using data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO), we assigned and quantified NƐ-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML)-AGE content in food and investigated the association between dietary AGE intake and breast cancer (BrCa) risk. We assessed whether the risk was modified by race/ethnicity, obesity status, fruit and vegetable intake, BrCa invasiveness …

The Relationship Between The Electronic Health Record Patient Portal And Shared Decision Making, Gloria Esoimeme

Theses and Dissertations

Shared decision making (SDM) is a collaborative decision-making style where the patient and the physician are involved in the clinical decision-making process. The goal of this dissertation project was to examine the relationship between the patient portal of an electronic health record (EHR) and SDM.

The SDM process has three main components: information sharing, deliberation and decision making. Patients participate in SDM at varying levels: some patients may prefer to share information and deliberate but leave the final decision making to the provider while others prefer to participate in all the three components of SDM. The patient portal of an …

The Association Of Reimbursement Methods With The Tendency Of Primary Care Physicians To Apply The American Diabetic Association’S Recommendations And Make Referrals To Specialists Among Ambulatory Care Patients In Us Outpatient Settings., Abdullah Alharbi

Theses and Dissertations

We report on a study of the comparison of two reimbursement methods, capitation (CAP) and fee for service (FFS), as well as mixed payment, with respect to the implementation of the ADA recommendations for Diabetes Type 2 (DM2) management and referral rates for specialist health care in the outpatient setting of the United States.

Our purpose in examining these specific topics is to determine whether there is any difference in the implementation of the ADA recommendations or the frequency of referral between visits paid under CAP vs under FFS because both quality and cost of healthcare is affected by these …

Longitudinal Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms Among Youth And Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Predictors And Health Outcomes, Melanie Whitmire Sutherland

Theses and Dissertations

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most frequently diagnosed chronic illnesses among youth, and has many long-term complications, including retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease. The risk of these complications may be reduced through maintaining glycemic control and one potential risk factor for failure to achieve optimal glycemic control is elevated depressive symptoms among youth and young adults (YYA) with T1D. YYA with T1D are at increased risk of depression, which has been associated with adverse outcomes such as poor adherence to self-management and poor glycemic control. Although a robust body of research exists on the association between comorbid …

The Intergenerational Effects Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Children’S Emergency Department Utilization And Depression And Anxiety In South Carolina, Eboni E. Haynes

Theses and Dissertations

Adult exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is common in the U.S., with over half of adults reporting exposure to at least one ACE. Childhood trauma is associated with risk factors for premature death, disability, poor physical and mental health, and lower quality of life in adults. Traumatic experiences also influence parenting behaviors later in life, placing offspring at an increased risk of ACE exposure. Few studies have explored the intergenerational effects of ACEs on the health and well-being of offspring. This study sought to identify whether associations existed between caregiver ACE exposures and emergency department (ED) utilization for sick …

Analysis Of Hpv16 Variants In The Carolina Women’S Care Study And A Comparison Of Gene Expression Profiles Of Exfoliated Cervical Cells From Women Who Either Clear Or Do Not Clear An Hpv16 Infection, Erica Shirlene Green

Theses and Dissertations

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the etiologic agent for cervical cancer with HPV type 16 (HPV16) being found in about 50% of cervical cancers worldwide. HPVs vary in genomic (DNA) sequence not only between types, but also within types, known as variants. Variants of a particular HPV type may differ by up to 2% in nucleotide sequence in the coding region and up to 5% in the noncoding region. Variants within HPV16 have been identified and grouped into six distinct phylogenetic branches, which segregate geographically: European (E), Asian-American (As.A), African-1 (Af-1), African-2 (Af- 2), Asian (As), and North American (NA). However, …

Did Medicaid Expansion Under The Affordable Care Act Reduce The Likelihood That People Report Employment Status Changes Due To Health, U.S., 2009-2017, Songyuan Deng

Theses and Dissertations

Medicaid expansion of Affordable Care Act (ACA) extended coverage to low-income working adults. While Medicaid expansion led to increased healthcare use and national healthcare expenditures, current studies do not examine the effects of Medicaid expansion on health status from the perspective of social roles, for example, changes in employment status. This study use data from the Current Population Survey to examine the association between Medicaid expansion and the probability to attribute part-time work or not-in-labor- force to health issues among people with family annual income no more than 138 of Federal Poverty Level, with a difference-in-differences study design. We found …

Clinically Integrated Networks: The ‘Magic Pill’ For Improving The Quality Of Health Care?, Kaitlyn Ann Crosby

Theses and Dissertations

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) served as a paradigm shift to reimburse physicians based on health outcomes or quality of care patients receive in relation to and conscious of the cost to provide care, rather than the traditional fee-for- service (FFS) system. To implement value-based care under the ACA, value-based care models (VBCM), such as patient-centered medical homes (PCMH) and accountable care organizations (ACO), were formed with the ultimate goal to advance quality of care. Among commercially insured populations, clinically integrated networks (CIN) have emerged as another type of VBCM.

Since CINs are the newest type of …

Examining Women’S Perceptions Of Maternity Care In Public And Private Sectors Of National Guard Hospitals In Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Study, Hanin M. Almahmoud

Theses and Dissertations

Every second, a baby is born. The process of birth is a complex one – biologically, medically, and emotionally. In particular, women in labor need both physical and emotional care. They need to be heard, to be comforted, and to be safe.

Women’s satisfaction can be used as a legitimate way to measure the quality of maternity care. Moreover, when health systems practice patient-centered care and listen to women’s concerns and what they want out of their care, it can lead to improvements in their satisfaction. Hospitals in Saudi Arabia are considered to be among the best and most technologically …

Women’S Socio-Economic Empowerment And Uptake Of Hiv Testing In Ethiopia, Dawit Alemu

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Sub-Sahran Africa constitute two-thirds of all people living with HIV in the world. HIV infection rate is high in the continent with women comprising 56% of new HIV infections among adults 15 and older. Women 15 to 24 are the most affected constituting 66 % of new infections occurring among this age group. The purpose of this study was to examine how gender power relations between men and women affect health seeking behavior, particularly HIV testing, among Ethiopian women age15 to 49.

Methods: The Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) from 2016 served as the data source for …

Hiv Care Location: An Evaluation Of Single Versus Multi Facility Utilization Of Hiv/Aids Care Services And Patient Health Outcomes And Clinical Indicators In South Carolina, Melanie Gwynn

Theses and Dissertations

Background: On the HIV/AIDS care continuum, the “retention in care” metric does not distinguish between single-facility (SF) or multi-clinic utilization (MC), also described as HIV care location (or type). SF utilization is vital as it has been linked optimal clinical outcomes among People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). Published research detailing the prevalence of HIV care type and its association with health outcomes/clinical indicators, has been studied only in limited urban settings. Additionally, coinfections such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), have yet to be evaluated as potential predictive factors for HIV care type.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used …

Health Insurance Program For The Poor, Out-Of-Pocket Costs, And Catastrophic Health Expenditures In India, Shyamkumar Sriram

Theses and Dissertations

Background

India is currently taking steps to provide Universal Health Coverage (UHC) as envisaged in its National Health Policy 2017. Financial protection is considered the backbone of UHC. In India, OOP expenses accounts for about 62.6% of total health expenditure - one of the highest in the world. Out of 1.324 billion people in India, around 12.4% of the population is below the poverty line. Lack of health insurance coverage and inadequate coverage are important reasons for high OOP health expenditures. High OOP health expenditures push many households into poverty. The objective of this research is to examine the effect …

Contexts Of Recovery And Displacement: Investigating The Impact Of The 2015 South Carolina Floods Across Communities, Van Phan

Theses and Dissertations

In October 2015, South Carolina was devastated by weather complications related to hurricane Joaquin that lead to historic amounts of rainfall and flash floods that destroyed local communities and infrastructure, ultimately displacing over 400,000 people. Natural disasters are destructive and have shown to be correlated with a variety of negative outcomes, including high levels of stress and hopelessness. These effects can be even more pronounced when compounded with displacement as these victims not only have to deal with the usual consequences in the aftermath of a natural disaster, but also the stress of integrating themselves into a different community and …

Susceptibility To Metabolic Disease And Individual Variations In Unfolded Protein Response In Deer Mice (Peromyscus Maniculatus), Amanda Rose Havighorst

Theses and Dissertations

The endoplasmic reticulum is the site where integral membrane and secreted proteins are synthesized and folded, and is also the site of synthesis of steroids, lipids, and other macromolecules. While ER is found in most cell types, hepatocytes in particular contain large amounts of both rough and smooth ER to facilitate their tasks, which include lipoprotein assembly and secretion, cholesterol biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism. As such, stress in the ER – and the cells’ ability to respond to it – plays a key role in disease pathogenesis. In particular, hepatic steatosis, or fatty liver, is linked to ER stress. However, …

Assessing Egyptians' Knowledge, Perceptions, And Attitudes Towards Generic Medicines, Radwa Ahmed Elmoneer

Theses and Dissertations

Medicines are vital component of any health system worldwide, and ensuring accessibility of affordable, effective and safe medications is a critical public policy goal considered by every country. Egypt has, recently, faced aggravated challenges in ensuring the availability of medications countrywide. In response, the Egyptian government has adopted a number of pharmaceutical policies and interventions, mainly, targeting the supply side of the market. Promoting the use of generic medicines is an effective policy intervention that addresses the demand side, a highly recommended intervention given other countries’ experiences. As the main users of medications, patients are a crucial source of knowledge …

Synthesizing Galactose Modified Polymeric Nanoparticles For Biofilm Inhibition Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Tyler R. Flockton

Theses and Dissertations

Treating patients with antibiotics is becoming harder with the increase in antibiotic resistance. This is due to the widespread antibiotic use in clinical and agricultural settings. With antibiotic resistance outpacing new drugs making it to the market, developing new options to treat bacterial infections is and will be important. We created sugar modified nanoparticles to inhibit the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

P. aeruginosa is a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that infects its host that has a compromised immune system. This makes it one of the most significant bacterial infection in hospitals. P. aeruginosa uses biofilms as an attack mechanism …

Mbipesha (Obeziteti) Te Moshat E Reja Dhe Kujdesi Infermieror, Leonora Kolgeci

Theses and Dissertations

Çështja e njohurive të adoleshentëve rreth rreziqeve dhe pasojave të mbipeshës është hulumtuar shumë pak në vendin tonë, informacionet lidhur me këtë temë janë shumë të varfra, andaj konsideroj që është nevoja të kemi më shumë informacione lidhur më këtë temë.

Pyetja kryesore e hulumtimit është: Sa kanë njohuri adoleshentët për rreziqet dhe pasojat e mbipeshës.

Ndërsa hipoteza themelore e këtij punimi është: Njohuritë e adoleshentëve rreth rreziqeve dhe pasojave të mbipeshës nuk janë në nivel të duhur.

Në këtë hulumtim do të përdorim metodën sasiore për të cilën të dhënat do të mblidhen përmes pyetësorit për adoleshentë. Pyetësori për …

Synthesis Of Betulinic Acid Via Baylis-Hillman Reaction, Sai Krishna Kommineni

Theses and Dissertations

Betulin is readily isolated from the bark of birch trees using simple extraction techniques and this molecule as well as its derivatives (eg. betulinic acid) exhibit impressive levels of biological activity. While it is naturally available and shows selective toxicity towards certain cancers, betulin suffers from a general lack of solubility in aqueous conditions. In this regard, we took up a project involving the synthesis of conjugates of betulin with improved solubility characteristics and we were able to identify a series of compounds that showed cytotoxicity against breast and pancreatic cancer cells.

This thesis describes our efforts on the development …

Development Of Functionalized Imidazoles As Potential Therapeutical Agents, Drew Christopher Morgan

Theses and Dissertations

Imidazoles are heterocyclic small molecules that play a major role in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. There are several drugs in the market which contain imidazoles as the pharmacophore. Metronidazole, an imidazole containing compound, is a prominent antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication used for the treatment of a variety of infections such as amoebiasis, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, etc. The current work involves the synthesis of small molecule libraries of imidazoles derived from metronidazole using Baylis-Hillman (BH) reaction. BH reaction is a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction and involves the coupling of aldehydes or imines with activated alkenes such as acrylates, acrolein, or …

Functionalized Heterocyclics As Potential Therapeutics, Anupama Indukuri

Theses and Dissertations

Heterocyclic compounds play an important role in pharmaceutical drug development. Several natural products and biologically active compounds contain heterocyclic motifs in them. Multicomponent coupling reactions offer an excellent platform for the synthesis of diverse libraries of heterocyclic compounds. We have been working on the synthesis of novel heterocyclic small molecules utilizing reactions such as Baylis-Hillman reaction, Passerini reaction, Click reaction, reductive amination aldol condensation, etc.

In the current project, we prepared three series of heterocyclic compounds using Passerini and Baylis-Hillman reactions as key steps. Owing to the importance of heterocyclic chemistry in drug discovery and the ease of synthesis, the …

Mindfulness And Blood Pressure Across Demographics: Analyses From The Serenity Study, Gabrielle R. Chin

Theses and Dissertations

Mindfulness, as a state, trait, and training, is linked with myriad positive mental and physical health outcomes. Understanding the individual characteristics potentially influencing links between mindful traits, mindfulness training, and physical health, is therefore important, yet remains under-addressed. Utilizing data from the ongoing Serenity Study (NCT02371317), the current project examines if (1) at baseline, higher trait mindfulness relates to lower BP consistently as a function of demographics, (2) Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) training lowers BP consistently across demographic subgroups and initial levels of trait mindfulness, and (3) if change in trait mindfulness following MBSR training correlates with change in BP …

Temperature Influence On Insecticide Resistance In Aedes Aegypti And Aedes Albopictus Mosquitoes From South Texas, Wendy Soledad Salinas

Theses and Dissertations

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are vectors for several emerging arboviruses including Zika, chikungunya and dengue. Both mosquitoes are found along the Rio Grande River in South Texas, along the border between Mexico and the United States of America. These mosquito species typically reside near human settlements. A preventative measure public health official use to help halt the spread of diseases is by controlling vector population with the use of insecticides, but as temperature vary, and with the constant exposure to commonly used insecticides, mosquitoes from South Texas may be developing a resistance to the insecticides. Resistance to insecticides may …