Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Searching For New Analgesics Without Addiction Risks, Mohammad Atiqur Rahman

Theses and Dissertations

Opioids are widely used to treat acute and chronic pain. But opioid addiction to these compounds can cause social and life-threatening health problems, including the risk of overdose. In this thesis, I evaluated IBNtxA (3-iodobenzoyl naltrexamine), a novel mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonist structurally related to the classical MOR antagonist naltrexone, in drug discrimination studies in order to better understand its subjective effects and more thoroughly its abuse liability. IBNtxA represents an intriguing lead compound for preclinical drug development specifically targeting MOR splice variants, potentially creating effective analgesics with reduced side effects. These results indicate that IBNtxA produces potent antinociception …

The Classification Accuracy Of A Dynamic Assessment Of Inferential Word Learning For School-Age Children With And Without Language Disorder, Britney Ann Newey

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: This study examines the classification accuracy and interrater reliability of a dynamic assessment (DA) of inferential word learning designed to accurately identify kindergarten through sixth-grade students with and without language disorder. Method: The participants included 127 school-age children from a mountain west school district who were administered a DA of inferential word learning that entailed a pretest, a teaching phase, an examiner rating of the child's ability to infer word meaning (modifiability), and posttests. Results: Hierarchical logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed that combining all posttests, the modifiability total, and the final examiner judgement scores from …

Exploring Korean Hand Therapy In Treating Plantar Fasciitis: A Pilot Study, Alice A-Hui Osborn Fetzer

Theses and Dissertations

PF is one of the most common foot and ankle problems. People with PF experience mild to severe pain that interferes moderately with activities of daily living (ADL). Due to chronic pain that interferes with ADL, people with PF often use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications and/or acetaminophen. These medications alleviate pain but cannot eliminate it. Additionally, with chronic use, these medications can cause well-known adverse side effects. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of Korean Hand Therapy (KHT) in (1) treating the pain experienced in patients with plantar fasciitis (PF), (2) evaluating its impact on functionality, and …

Validation Of Activity Trackers In A Daily Living Setting In Young Adults, Jodi B. Wimmer

Theses and Dissertations

Sedentary behavior (SB) contributes to many negative health-related outcomes. Motivation to reduce SB and increase physical activity (PA) are necessary to reduce co-morbidities. Tracking SB and PA provides objective data to help promote wellness. The purposes of this quasi-experimental study were to 1) determine the accuracy of three commercially available activity trackers compared to research-grade accelerometers, and 2) explore whether using these activity trackers led to a change in activity level one week after gathering baseline data. Activity trackers used in this study were Apple Watch, Fitbit Surge, and Microsoft Band 2. A convenience sample of college-age students and community …

Sëmundja Pulmonare Obstruktive Kronike Dhe Rëndësia E Trajtimit Kirurgjik - Roli I Infermieres/It, Besarta Rexhaj

Theses and Dissertations

Hyrje – në këtë punim janë trajtuar çështjet, që kanë të bëjnë me të kuptuarit ose konceptet e shkaktarëve të Sëmundjeve Pulmonare Obstruktive Kronike (SPOK), klasifikimi i shkaktarëve të Sëmundjeve Pulmonare Obstruktive Kronike (SPOK), menaxhimi i rasteve klinike tek pacientët me Sëmundje Pulmonare Obstruktive Kronike (SPOK) si dhe roli i infermieres/it në trajtimin e pacientëve me Sëmundje Pulmonare Obstruktive Kronike (SPOK).

Ky punim synon, që duke u mbështetur në rezultatet e hulumtimit duke marrë në konsideratë situatën ekzistuese dhe perspektivën e sistemit shëndetësor në Kosovë, të prezantojë menaxhimin dhe kujdesin infermieror për pjesëmarrje aktive në parandalimin, diagnostifikimin dhe trajtimin adekuat …

Rrjetet Sociale Dhe Depresioni, Xhemile Dashi

Theses and Dissertations

Qëllimi i këtij hulumtimi është të zbuloni nëse kërkimi shoqëror shoqëror ka ndikim në shfaqjen e simptomave të depresionit. Në këtë hulumtim kanë marrë pjesë 47 nxënës të shkollës së mesme "Gjimanzi Gjon Buzuku" në Prizren. Pyetësori Beck u përdor për të arritur qëllimin e këtij studimi dhe 2 pyetje që lidhen me mediat sociale u pyetën nga ne. Një procedurë ka filluar me takimin tonë me drejtorin e shkollës dhe ka përfunduar me plotësimin e pyetësorëve nga nxënësit. Mostra u zgjodh rastësisht. Hipoteza ka rezultuar në jetë jo domethënëse ndërsa korrelacioni ka qenë pozitiv [r (1,56) = 0.03, p …

The Long-Term Persistence And Tissue Tropism Of Brazilian Zika Virus In Monodelphis Domestica, Marisol Morales

Theses and Dissertations

Zika virus (ZIKV) rose as a major public health concern due to the congenital abnormalities of infants born to infected mothers during the 2015 Latin American outbreak. While animal models such as transgenic mice and nonhuman primates are used to study ZIKV pathogenesis, they display various limitations. Additionally, the persistence and tissue distribution of long-term ZIKV infection remains unknown. We describe the laboratory opossum, Monodelphis domestica, as a potential new model for ZIKV pathogenesis research to address these issues. We utilized immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and ELISA to show that: infant animals inoculated intracerebrally were susceptible to infection, ZIKV infection persisted …

The Role Of Traditional Food In Jamaican Immigrants' Perceptions Of Health And Well-Being, Audrey Janice Simpson

Theses and Dissertations

Immigrants face many challenges when transitioning to life in a new country, and access to their traditional food can assist in facilitating a smoother transition. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact that access to traditional food has on the perception of health and well-being of Jamaican immigrants to the United States. Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive design, twenty Jamaicans (10 in New York; 10 in Utah) participated in semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed and analyzed. Results: Participants expressed a preference for traditional food. New York participants had greater access to Jamaican food and rated their health …

A Study Of Covid-19 Mortality Under Varying Patient Frailty, Alison N. Sifuentes

Theses and Dissertations

Modeled the spread and mortality of COVID-19 throughout the city of Chicago. By incorporating group frailty into a classic SEIR infectious disease model, we were able to differentiate the population of Chicago by their response to COVID-19. Three age groups with different COVID-19-induced death rates were examined, and the model sought to showcase the multiplicative deviation of each age group death rate from the average disease-induced death rate. This adjustment for different death rates among age groups accounted for heterogeneity within the population, and sought to introduce a more accurate manner for modeling the spread of infectious diseases.

The Influence Of Instructor Mental Illness Disclosure On The Perceptions Of Mental Illness, Classroom Climate, Teacher Credibility, Homophily, And Social Attraction, Kirsten L. Bridgemen

Theses and Dissertations

This study uses the lens of Communication Privacy Management theory to analyze the impact an instructor’s depth of disclosure of their mental illness can have on mental illness stigmatization, classroom climate, as well as teacher credibility, homophily, and social attraction. Participants responded to a series of quantitative-based questions regarding a hypothetical syllabus with varied levels of a teacher disclosing their mental illness. Results indicated that none of the investigated dependent variables were negatively affected by the hypothetical instructor’s disclosure, and mental illness stigmatization was lessened. Implications, limitations, and areas for future research are discussed.

Kujdesi Infermieror Tek Pacientët Me Infeksione Të Traktit Urinar, Fatmire Tahiri

Theses and Dissertations

Hyrje: Infeksionet e traktit urinar janë procese inflamatore të lokalizuara në cilëndo qoftë pjesë të traktit urinar dhe janë shenjë e kolonizimit të baktereve. Këto infkesione zënë vendin e dytë për nga shpeshtësia në raport me infeksionet e sistemeve të tjera të organizmit. Ato arrijnë në më shumë se shtatë milionë vizita mjekësore dhe rëndojnë më shumë se një milionë pranime spitalore vjetore në SHBA.

Qëllimi: Punimi im ka si objektiv studimin dhe shpejgimin e kujdesit infermieror te pacientet me infeksione në traktin urinar. Qëllimi i punimit të kësaj teme është zgjerimi i njohurive lidhur me infeksionet e …

Kujdesi Infermieror Te Adoleshentët Me Depresion, Fortesa Morina

Theses and Dissertations

Arsyeja pse kam zgjedhur këtë temë për ta shtjelluar është fakti se ka shumë njerëz të preken nga kjo sëmundje.

E rëndësishme është që gjatë studimit të kësaj sëmundje ne mësojmë më shumë informata rreth depresionit.Në këtë punim kemi treguar se si duhet të kujdesemi për pacientët me depresion, çfarë është depresioni,llojet e tij,si fitohet,cilët janë shkaktarët,depresioni tek adoleshentët,shkaktarët dhe kujdesi infermieror ,informimi i pacientëve.

Qëllimi ynë si infermier është të iu sigurojmë pacientëve që në rastin tonë janë adoleshentët ,që të ndihen sa më mirë,sa më komod dhe të sigurtë.

Infermieri duhet të jetë gjithmonë në gjendje gadishmërie për …

Kujdesi Infermieror Tek Pacientet Me Pneumoni, Gentiana Dauti

Theses and Dissertations

Hyrja Pneumoni në mjeksi është inflamacion i parenkimës mushkërore e shprehur në gjuhën popullore, ndezje e mushkërive.Pneumonia është një infeksion në njëren apo të dy mushkëritë. Mund të shkaktohet nga bakteret, viruset ose kërpudhat. (https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia)

Qëllimi Qëllimi kryesorë i këtij studimi është që ta kuptojmë se cilët janë faktorët që ndikojnë në shfaqjen e sëmundjes së pneumonisë, cilat mosha janë më të prekura nga kjo sëmundje, cila gjini atakohet më shumë si dhe këshillimi infermierorë rreth parandalimit të pneumonisë. Metodat Metodologjia është pothuajse pjesa më e rëndësishme e këtij punimit, ky studim përdor një përzierje të metodave të mbledhjes së …

Imazheria Diagnostike Ne Diagnostifikimin Dhe Evalumin Terapeutik Të Multipleks Sklerozes, Blerta Brahimaj

Theses and Dissertations

Multiple Skleroza është sëmundje e rëndë e njeriut, në sistemin nervor, e cila parqitet me ankesa dhe dhimbje të ndryshme, të cilat vijnë kohë pas kohe.Ankesat tipike të kësaj sëmundje janë ligështimi (dopësimi) në duar apo këmbël, ndjenja e të qënit pirë;dridhjet ; artikulim i paqartë dhe pengesa në shikim. Multiple Skleroza është e pashërueshme. Me medikamnete të ndryshme provohet dopësimi i sistemit të imunitetit.

Roli I Infermierit Tek Pacientët Me Kemioterapi (Karcinoma E Gjirit), Bleona Bajraktari

Theses and Dissertations

Hyrje: Në këtë temë kam zgjedhur të trajtoj rolin e infermierit tek pacientët me karcinomë të gjirit. Personeli infermieror,në aktivitetin për të kryer kujdesin infermieror,aplikon tërë kapacitetin profesional e shpirtëror për parandalimin e kurimin e sëmundjeve,për tu shërbyer atyre që kanë nevojë për ndihmë jo vetëm mjekësore por edhe shpirtërore,psikologjike e morale. Sa më të pergaditur profesionalisht të jenë infermierët,aq më i kualifikuar e rezultativ është shërbimi dhe aq më të mëdha janë përfitimet mjekësore,shpirtërore e morale për të sëmurin. Të dhënat e përgjithshme:Kanceri i gjirit është tumor malinjë më i shpeshtë te gratë. Kanceri i gjirit rritet ngadalë duke …

Niveli I Njohurive Dhe Praktikat E Femrave Të Moshës Fertile Për Mjetet E Kontracepcionit Në Komunën E Gjilanit, Elza Zejnullahu

Theses and Dissertations

Hyrje: Kontracepcioni është një metodë e veçantë e kontrollit të lindjes, pra është metodë e parandalimit të një shtatëzanie të paplanifikuar, përfshirë edhe efektshmërin e disa metodave kontraceptive për mbrojtjen kundër infeksioneve dhe sëmundjeve seksuale të transmetueshme. Qëllimi i këtij hulumtimi është të gjejmë nivelin e njohurive dhe praktikat e femrave fertile për mjetet kontraceptive në Komunën e Gjilanit.

Metodologjia: Studimi është i tipit prospektiv ku një pjesë e studimit është realizuar në Spitalin Regjional të Gjilanit përkatësisht në repartin e Gjinekologjisë dhe Akusherisë dhe pjesa tjetër e studimit është realizuar duke anketuar familjarët dhe shoqërinë e gjinisë …

Roli I Infermierës Te Pacientët Pas Apendektomisë, Elvira Dernari

Theses and Dissertations

Realizimi i punimit është bërë me qëllim të zgjerimit të njohurive për kujdesin dhe rolin e infermierëve ndaj pacientëve pas apendektomisë.

Janë paraqitur kujdesi infermieror, studime dhe të dhëna në periudhën Shkurt-Tetorë të vitit 2019 në Qendrën Klinike Universitare të Kosovës në Prishtinë.

Punimi është bërë në Kolegjin UBT, Programi Infermieri si dhe në bashkëpunim me QKUK-Prishtinë, reparti Kirurgji Abdominale.

Mentori i temës është: Dr.Salih Krasniqi

Punimi përfshin: 45 faqe, 3 tabela, 3 grafikone dhe 8 fotografi.

Kujdesi Infermieror Tek Pacientët Me Infeksione Respiratore, Egzona Jashari

Theses and Dissertations

Në këtë punim do t’i trajtojmë disa infeksione të sistemit respiratore. Objektivi i përgjithshëm i temës së diplomës është të ofrojmë njohuri për infeksionet respiratore që të ngrihet vetëdijsimi i popullatës për infeksione respiratore që dita e ditës po bëhet një problem për shëndetin dhe mirëqenien e individëve. Njohja e infeksioneve respiratore është shumë e rëndsishme në parandalimin dhe trajtimin e infeksioneve respiratore si: njohja e simptomave, njohja e shkaktarëve si dhe për faktorët specifik që paraqiten tek infeksionet respiratore. Objektivi specifik është të krijojmë njohuri rreth mënyrës së trajtimit dhe diagnostikimit të këtyre infeksioneve dhe masat të cilat duhet …

Feasibility And Preliminary Outcomes Of A Brief Mindfulness-Based Intervention (Bmbi) To Decrease Stress And Improve Well-Being In Secondary School Teachers, Alex M. Roberts

Theses and Dissertations

Teachers often experience symptoms of stress and burnout due to the chronicity of their occupational demands. These symptoms can negatively impact teachers’ coping abilities and have implications for their physical and psychological health. Research indicates that mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have potential to help alleviate these symptoms of stress and burnout. Increasing numbers of MBIs for teachers have been implemented in the past five to ten years. However, few teacher-focused MBIs measure intervention feasibility and little data exist informing how to design and implement feasible MBIs in this context while simultaneously maximizing their potential positive effects. The current study examined the …

Understanding The Role Of Political Commitment And Coherence Across Sectors And Across National And Sub-National Levels In Enabling Improvements In Nutrition In Rwanda, Elyse Iruhiriye

Theses and Dissertations

Reducing undernutrition is on the political agendas of many low- and middle-income countries. There is general consensus that to improve nutritional outcomes involves actions across the different sectors that influence both the immediate and underlying determinants of optimal nutrition and an enabling environment to support the political and policy processes. Despite renewed attention over the last 15 years, addressing nutrition in a multisectoral way was previously promoted in the 1970’s but failed to have sustained political commitment due to its organizational complexities to plan and implement strategies across sectors.

We conducted an in-depth retrospective case study to understand how Rwanda, …

Does Marriage, Employment And Having Children Matter? A Secondary Analysis On Physical Activity Levels, Leisure Time Physical Activity, And Social Roles Among Women In The United States, Tramaine Paul Mcmullen

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Social roles, such as being married, employed, or having children, have been shown to have independent negative relationships with moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels among women. Increasing the number of women with children that meets physical activity guidelines is critical to reduce chronic disease and early mortality in this population. However, few studies have examined the relationship between holding multiple social roles, MVPA, and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among women with children. The study had two aims: 1) to determine the relationship between objectively measured MVPA by social roles and 2) to examine the frequency of specific …

Vertical Transmission And Venereal Transmission Of Zika Virus In A Population Of South Texas Aedes Aegypti, Jeremy Marshall

Theses and Dissertations

Zika virus has become a greater global public health concern from the occurrence of outbreaks in 2007 and its expansion to the Americas in 2015. The presence of Aedes aegypti in the Lower Rio Grande Valley and evidence of local transmission of Zika in Brownsville, Texas provides a need to research transmission dynamics of local populations. In these experiments, a locally acquired, laboratory colony of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were infected with a blood meal featuring a Mexican isolate of Zika virus to display vector competency, vertical transmission, venereal transmission. Here, we infected 39 females, with 34 of them displaying evidence …

Determinants Of Nutrition Agenda Setting In The Context Of The Double Burden Of Malnutrition In Tamil Nadu, India, Shilpa Vimalananda Constantinides

Theses and Dissertations

The double burden of malnutrition is increasing in low- and middleincome countries, with economic, social, and health consequences. Policies and programs to address malnutrition at the national and subnational levels reflect the priorities and framing of the problem by the stakeholder community. Previous studies have examined if and how nutrition-related NCDs have been included into national nutrition policy agendas that have historically focused on reduction of undernutrition, but little is known about if or how this process occurs at the subnational level where policies are translated and implemented according to local contexts, priorities, and frames of nutrition-related NCDs.

We aimed …

Peer Intervention With Suicidal Disclosures On Social Media: Does The Bystander Effect Play A Role?, Carissa M. Orlando

Theses and Dissertations

Suicide is an increasing public health concern in adolescents and young adults, and many individuals discuss mental health concerns with friends in lieu of professional avenues. Thus, peers can serve as valuable gatekeepers for friends experiencing suicidality. The prevalence of social networking websites means that individuals are likely to encounter suicidal disclosures on the internet, but little research has investigated if young adults possess the skills and motivation to intervene in these contexts. Additionally, there have been virtually no investigations into how the presence of other online users impacts intervention behavior—in short, if there exists a bystander effect. This study …

Narrative Language Among Mothers With The Fmr1 Premutation And Mothers Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Sara Mousavi

Theses and Dissertations

Difficulties with pragmatic language are known language traits among women with the FMR1 premutation and within the broad autism phenotype (BAP). Our study investigated the narrative cohesion and story grammar organization of spontaneously generated stories produced by mothers with the FMR1 premutation, mothers of children with ASD, and mothers of typically developing children. No group differences were observed in story grammar, overall quality, or frequency of use of temporal devices. But both the mothers of children with ASD and mothers with the FMR1 premutation committed reference errors at a significantly higher frequency than mothers in the control group. This study …

Effectiveness And Experience Of An Integrated Maternal Mental Healthcare Intervention In Private Clinics And Public Health Facilities In Pakistan, Syeda Somyyah Owais

Theses and Dissertations

Maternal depression is often undetected or undertreated at the primary care level. Despite the growing high prevalence of depression among women of childbearing age, the usual primary care practice in Pakistan does not include depression screening. Two facility-based cluster randomized control trials, including a maternal depression intervention component, were conducted within two healthcare settings, private and public primary care facilities in Rawalpindi and Lahore. This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of each trial in reducing maternal depression among mothers in the intervention arm compared to the control by analyzing the change in PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) scores from baseline …

Using Genetic Diversity To Differentiate Mosquito Populations, Rachel Christine Malampy

Theses and Dissertations

Experiment 1: Little is known about Aedes aegypti females sharing oviposition sites. We examined four different oviposition sites in McAllen, TX. A mitochondrial gene was used to analyze the variation within the oviposition site to understand how many egg-laying females are sharing oviposition sites. These results will aid in the understanding of Aedes. aegypti oviposition behavior and contribute to more effective mosquito control techniques.

Experiment 2: Mosquito flight patterns and movement from habitat to habitat can drastically influence the spread of diseases. The anthropophilic Aedes aegypti mosquito has historically been identified as having a very limited flight range. Studies also …

Correlates Of Maternal Health Service Use And Women’S Experiences Using Antenatal Care In Ghana: A Mixed-Methods Study, Anna Cofie

Theses and Dissertations

The pace of improvements in maternal mortality has been slow in Ghana. While Ghana’s maternal mortality ratio (MMR) decreased from 635 per 100,000 live births to 319 per 100,000 live births between 1990 and 2015, the country failed to meet the 75% reduction target set by Millennium Development Goal (MDG) goal 5A, to reduce maternal mortality ratio by 75% between 1990 and 2015. Antenatal care (ANC) is critical to improving maternal morbidity and mortality and child deaths. In 2003, Ghana introduced the National Health Insurance Scheme to ensure that all pregnant women have access to free maternal care, and in …

Function Of Gpr68 In Normal Hematopoiesis And Malignant Hematopoietic Diseases, Xiaofei He

Theses and Dissertations

G protein-coupled receptor 68 (GPR68), as a proton-sensing receptor, is involved in numerous physiological processes. However, its specific functions in normal hematopoiesis and malignant hematopoietic diseases were unknown. Using a genetic loss of function approach (i.e. whole-body Gpr68^-/- mouse model), B lymphocytes were reduced under stressed conditions, such as aging and hematopoietic regeneration. However, hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from Gpr68^-/- mice exhibited comparable function as HSC from wild type mice either under steady-state or upon stress. To determine whether the unaltered HSC function of Gpr68^-/- mice was due to compensatory effects of Gpr68 in nonhematopoietic cells, a …

Association Between Urinary Enterolignans As A Marker For Gut Microbiome Diversity And Depression In Nhanes, Marie Knoll

Theses and Dissertations

Depression is a chronic disease which inflicts functional and emotional impairment that has been a growing issue in the United States (US). Depression is the most prevalent mental disorder in the US and is the leading cause of disability in the world. By 2030, It is projected that major depressive disorder will be the second largest contributor to global burden of disease. Causes of depression are still largely unknown and treatments are often expensive, time consuming, and only available to certain populations. Treatment often requires a combination of medicines and therapy to be effective. In recent years, the gut microbiome …