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Articles 2311 - 2340 of 2396

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Appropriate Use Of Ct Perfusion Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Bayesian Analysis Approach, R. P. Killeen, A. Gupta, H. Delaney, C. E. Johnson, A. J. Tsiouris, M. E. Fink, H. S. Mangat, A. Z. Segal, A. I. Mushlin, P. C. Sanelli, +1 Additional Author Jan 2014

Appropriate Use Of Ct Perfusion Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Bayesian Analysis Approach, R. P. Killeen, A. Gupta, H. Delaney, C. E. Johnson, A. J. Tsiouris, M. E. Fink, H. S. Mangat, A. Z. Segal, A. I. Mushlin, P. C. Sanelli, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

These investigators evaluated the test characteristics of CTP in patients with SAH for detection of delayed cerebral ischemia. Ninety-seven patients were assessed with CTP for ischemia and with DSA for vasospasm. The authors concluded that positive CTP findings identified patients who should be carefully considered for induced hypertension, hypervolemia, and hemodilution and/or intra-arterial therapy while negative CTP findings are useful in guiding a no-treatment decision. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In recent years CTP has been used as a complementary diagnostic tool in the evaluation of delayed cerebral ischemia and vasospasm. Our aim was to determine the test characteristics of CTP for …

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Cost-Effectiveness Of Ct Angiography And Perfusion Imaging For Delayed Cerebral Ischemia And Vasospasm In Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, P. C. Sanelli, A. Pandya, A. Z. Segal, A. Gupta, S. Hurtado-Rua, J. Ivanidze, K. Kesavabhotla, D. Mir, A. I. Mushlin, M. G. Hunink Jan 2014

Cost-Effectiveness Of Ct Angiography And Perfusion Imaging For Delayed Cerebral Ischemia And Vasospasm In Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, P. C. Sanelli, A. Pandya, A. Z. Segal, A. Gupta, S. Hurtado-Rua, J. Ivanidze, K. Kesavabhotla, D. Mir, A. I. Mushlin, M. G. Hunink

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Delayed cerebral ischemia and vasospasm are significant complications following SAH leading to cerebral infarction, functional disability, and death. In recent years, CTA and CTP have been used to increase the detection of delayed cerebral ischemia and vasospasm. Our aim was to perform comparative-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness analyses evaluating CTA and CTP for delayed cerebral ischemia and vasospasm in aneurysmal SAH from a health care payer perspective. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a decision model comparing CTA and CTP with transcranial Doppler sonography for detection of vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia in SAH. The clinical pathways were based on …

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Potholes And Molehills: Bias In The Diagnostic Performance Of Diffusion-Tensor Imaging In Concussion, R. Watts, A. Thomas, C. G. Filippi, J. P. Nickerson, K. Freeman Jan 2014

Potholes And Molehills: Bias In The Diagnostic Performance Of Diffusion-Tensor Imaging In Concussion, R. Watts, A. Thomas, C. G. Filippi, J. P. Nickerson, K. Freeman

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: To investigate the extent of bias in a clinical study involving "pothole analysis" of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) data used to quantify white matter lesion load in diseases with a heterogeneous spatial distribution of pathologic findings, such as mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), and create a mathematical model of the bias. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Use of the same reference population to define normal findings and make comparisons with a patient group introduces bias, which potentially inflates reported diagnostic performance. In this institutional review board-approved prospective observational cohort study, DTI data were obtained in 20 patients admitted to the emergency department …

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Effectiveness Of Fluorography Versus Cineangiography At Reducing Radiation Exposure During Diagnostic Coronary Angiography, B. Shah, X. C. Mai, L. Tummala, C. Kliger, S. P. Sedlis, F. Feit, M. Liou, M. Attubato, J. Coppola, J. Slater, +2 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Effectiveness Of Fluorography Versus Cineangiography At Reducing Radiation Exposure During Diagnostic Coronary Angiography, B. Shah, X. C. Mai, L. Tummala, C. Kliger, S. P. Sedlis, F. Feit, M. Liou, M. Attubato, J. Coppola, J. Slater, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Coronary angiography is the gold standard for defining obstructive coronary disease. However, radiation exposure remains an unwanted hazard. Patients referred for coronary angiography with abdominal circumference60 ml/min were randomized to the fluorography (n = 25) or cineangiography (n = 25) group. Patients in the fluorography group underwent coronary angiography using retrospectively stored fluorography with repeat injection under cineangiography only when needed for better resolution per operator's discretion. Patients in the cineangiography group underwent coronary angiography using routine cineangiography. The primary end point was patient radiation exposure measured by radiochromic film. Secondary end points included the radiation output measurement of kerma-area …

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Tblr1 As An Androgen Receptor (Ar) Coactivator Selectively Activates Ar Target Genes To Inhibit Prostate Cancer Growth, G. Daniels, Y. Li, L. L. Gellert, A. Zhou, J. Melamed, X. Wu, X. Zhang, D. Zhang, D. Meruelo, S. K. Logan, R. Basch, P. Lee Jan 2014

Tblr1 As An Androgen Receptor (Ar) Coactivator Selectively Activates Ar Target Genes To Inhibit Prostate Cancer Growth, G. Daniels, Y. Li, L. L. Gellert, A. Zhou, J. Melamed, X. Wu, X. Zhang, D. Zhang, D. Meruelo, S. K. Logan, R. Basch, P. Lee

Journal Articles

Androgen receptor (AR), a steroid hormone receptor, is critical for prostate cancer growth. However, activation of AR by androgens can also lead to growth suppression and differentiation. Transcriptional cofactors play an important role in this switch between proliferative and anti-proliferative AR target gene programs. Transducin beta-like-related protein 1 (TBLR1), a core component of the nuclear receptor corepressor complex, shows both corepressor and coactivator activities on nuclear receptors, but little is known about its effects on AR and prostate cancer. We characterized TBLR1 as a coactivator of AR in prostate cancer cells and determined that the activation is dependent on both …

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Hemodynamic Consequences Of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy With Midventricular Obstruction: Apical Aneurysm And Thrombus Formation, A.E., Arai, W.P., Bandettini, E., Bodurian, M.Y., Chen, A.W., Ertel, P., Kellman, S.G., Saba, M. Siegenthaler Jan 2014

Hemodynamic Consequences Of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy With Midventricular Obstruction: Apical Aneurysm And Thrombus Formation, A.E., Arai, W.P., Bandettini, E., Bodurian, M.Y., Chen, A.W., Ertel, P., Kellman, S.G., Saba, M. Siegenthaler

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Capsule Endoscopy In Crohn's Disease: Are We Seeing Any Better?, D. Hudesman, J. Mazurek, A. Swaminath Jan 2014

Capsule Endoscopy In Crohn's Disease: Are We Seeing Any Better?, D. Hudesman, J. Mazurek, A. Swaminath

Journal Articles

Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex, immune-mediated disorder that often requires a multi-modality approach for optimal diagnosis and management. While traditional methods include ileocolonoscopy and radiologic modalities, increasingly, capsule endoscopy (CE) has been incorporated into the algorithm for both the diagnosis and monitoring of CD. Multiple studies have examined the utility of this emerging technology in the management of CD, and have compared it to other available modalities. CE offers a noninvasive approach to evaluate areas of the small bowel that are difficult to reach with traditional endoscopy. Furthermore, CE maybe favored in specific sub segments of patients with inflammatory …

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Considerations And Challenges In Defining Optimal Iron Utilization In Hemodialysis, D. M. Charytan, A. B. Pai, C. T. Chan, D. W. Coyne, A. M. Hung, C. P. Kovesdy, S. Fishbane Jan 2014

Considerations And Challenges In Defining Optimal Iron Utilization In Hemodialysis, D. M. Charytan, A. B. Pai, C. T. Chan, D. W. Coyne, A. M. Hung, C. P. Kovesdy, S. Fishbane

Journal Articles

Trials raising concerns about erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, revisions to their labeling, and changes to practice guidelines and dialysis payment systems have provided strong stimuli to decrease erythropoiesis-stimulating agent use and increase intravenous iron administration in recent years. These factors have been associated with a rise in iron utilization, particularly among hemodialysis patients, and an unprecedented increase in serum ferritin concentrations. The mean serum ferritin concentration among United States dialysis patients in 2013 exceeded 800 ng/ml, with 18% of patients exceeding 1200 ng/ml. Although these changes are broad based, the wisdom of these practices is uncertain. Herein, we examine influences on and …

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Fine Mapping Major Histocompatibility Complex Associations In Psoriasis And Its Clinical Subtypes, Y. Okada, B. Han, L. C. Tsoi, P. E. Stuart, E. Ellinghaus, T. Tejasvi, V. Chandran, F. Pellett, P. K. Gregersen, S. Raychaudhuri, +12 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Fine Mapping Major Histocompatibility Complex Associations In Psoriasis And Its Clinical Subtypes, Y. Okada, B. Han, L. C. Tsoi, P. E. Stuart, E. Ellinghaus, T. Tejasvi, V. Chandran, F. Pellett, P. K. Gregersen, S. Raychaudhuri, +12 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) risk is strongly associated with variation within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region, but its genetic architecture has yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we conducted a large-scale fine-mapping study of PsV risk in the MHC region in 9,247 PsV-affected individuals and 13,589 controls of European descent by imputing class I and II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes from SNP genotype data. In addition, we imputed sequence variants for MICA, an MHC HLA-like gene that has been associated with PsV, to evaluate association at that locus as well. We observed that HLA-C*06:02 demonstrated the lowest p value …

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Fine Mapping Seronegative And Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis To Shared And Distinct Hla Alleles By Adjusting For The Effects Of Heterogeneity, B. Han, D. Diogo, S. Eyre, H. Kallberg, A. Zhernakova, J. Bowes, L. Padyukov, Y. Okada, P. K. Gregersen, S. Raychaudhuri, +8 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Fine Mapping Seronegative And Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis To Shared And Distinct Hla Alleles By Adjusting For The Effects Of Heterogeneity, B. Han, D. Diogo, S. Eyre, H. Kallberg, A. Zhernakova, J. Bowes, L. Padyukov, Y. Okada, P. K. Gregersen, S. Raychaudhuri, +8 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Despite progress in defining human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles for anti-citrullinated-protein-autoantibody-positive (ACPA(+)) rheumatoid arthritis (RA), identifying HLA alleles for ACPA-negative (ACPA(-)) RA has been challenging because of clinical heterogeneity within clinical cohorts. We imputed 8,961 classical HLA alleles, amino acids, and SNPs from Immunochip data in a discovery set of 2,406 ACPA(-) RA case and 13,930 control individuals. We developed a statistical approach to identify and adjust for clinical heterogeneity within ACPA(-) RA and observed independent associations for serine and leucine at position 11 in HLA-DRbeta1 (p = 1.4 x 10(-13), odds ratio [OR] = 1.30) and for aspartate at …

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Gas6 Expression Identifies High-Risk Adult Aml Patients: Potential Implications For Therapy, S. P. Whitman, J. Kohlschmidt, K. Maharry, S. Volinia, K. Mrozek, D. Nicolet, S. Schwind, H. Becker, J. E. Kolitz, C. D. Bloomfield, +11 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Gas6 Expression Identifies High-Risk Adult Aml Patients: Potential Implications For Therapy, S. P. Whitman, J. Kohlschmidt, K. Maharry, S. Volinia, K. Mrozek, D. Nicolet, S. Schwind, H. Becker, J. E. Kolitz, C. D. Bloomfield, +11 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Emerging data demonstrate important roles for the TYRO3/AXL/MERTK receptor tyrosine kinase (TAM RTK) family in diverse cancers. We investigated the prognostic relevance of GAS6 expression, encoding the common TAM RTK ligand, in 270 adults (n=71 aged <60 >years; n=199 aged >= 60 years) with de novo cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML). Patients expressing GAS6 (GAS6+), especially those aged >= 60 years, more often failed to achieve a complete remission (CR). In all patients, GAS6+ patients had shorter disease-free (DFS) and overall (OS) survival than patients without GAS6 expression (GAS6-). After adjusting for other prognostic markers, GAS6+ predicted CR failure (P=0.02), …

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Genetics Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Contributes To Biology And Drug Discovery, Y. Okada, D. Wu, G. Trynka, T. Raj, C. Terao, K. Ikari, Y. Kochi, K. Ohmura, P. K. Gregersen, R. M. Plenge, +85 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Genetics Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Contributes To Biology And Drug Discovery, Y. Okada, D. Wu, G. Trynka, T. Raj, C. Terao, K. Ikari, Y. Kochi, K. Ohmura, P. K. Gregersen, R. M. Plenge, +85 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

A major challenge in human genetics is to devise a systematic strategy to integrate disease-associated variants with diverse genomic and biological data sets to provide insight into disease pathogenesis and guide drug discovery for complex traits such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here we performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis in a total of >100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries (29,880 RA cases and 73,758 controls), by evaluating approximately 10 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We discovered 42 novel RA risk loci at a genome-wide level of significance, bringing the total to 101 (refs 2 - 4). We devised an in silico …

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Genome-Wide Methylation Analyses In Glioblastoma Multiforme, R. K. Lai, Y. W. Chen, X. W. Guan, D. Nousome, C. Sharma, P. Canoll, J. Bruce, A. Lee, P. Gregersen, J. Barnholtz-Sloan, +8 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Genome-Wide Methylation Analyses In Glioblastoma Multiforme, R. K. Lai, Y. W. Chen, X. W. Guan, D. Nousome, C. Sharma, P. Canoll, J. Bruce, A. Lee, P. Gregersen, J. Barnholtz-Sloan, +8 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Few studies had investigated genome-wide methylation in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Our goals were to study differential methylation across the genome in gene promoters using an array-based method, as well as repetitive elements using surrogate global methylation markers. The discovery sample set for this study consisted of 54 GBM from Columbia University and Case Western Reserve University, and 24 brain controls from the New York Brain Bank. We assembled a validation dataset using methylation data of 162 TCGA GBM and 140 brain controls from dbGAP. HumanMethylation27 Analysis Bead-Chips (Illumina) were used to interrogate 26,486 informative CpG sites in both the discovery …

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Ibrutinib Versus Ofatumumab In Previously Treated Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia, J. C. Byrd, J. R. Brown, S. O'Brien, J. C. Barrientos, N. E. Kay, N. M. Reddy, S. Coutre, C. S. Tam, S. P. Mulligan, P. Hillmen, +25 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Ibrutinib Versus Ofatumumab In Previously Treated Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia, J. C. Byrd, J. R. Brown, S. O'Brien, J. C. Barrientos, N. E. Kay, N. M. Reddy, S. Coutre, C. S. Tam, S. P. Mulligan, P. Hillmen, +25 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Background In patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), a short duration of response to therapy or adverse cytogenetic abnormalities are associated with a poor outcome. We evaluated the efficacy of ibrutinib, a covalent inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, in patients at risk for a poor outcome. Methods In this multicenter, open-label, phase 3 study, we randomly assigned 391 patients with relapsed or refractory CLL or SLL to receive daily ibrutinib or the anti-CD20 antibody ofatumumab. The primary end point was the duration of progression-free survival, with the duration of overall survival and the overall response …

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Idelalisib And Rituximab In Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, R. R. Furman, J. P. Sharman, S. E. Coutre, B. D. Cheson, J. M. Pagel, P. Hillmen, J. C. Barrientos, A. D. Zelenetz, T. J. Kipps, S. M. O'Brien, +17 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Idelalisib And Rituximab In Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, R. R. Furman, J. P. Sharman, S. E. Coutre, B. D. Cheson, J. M. Pagel, P. Hillmen, J. C. Barrientos, A. D. Zelenetz, T. J. Kipps, S. M. O'Brien, +17 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

BackgroundPatients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have clinically significant coexisting medical conditions are less able to undergo standard chemotherapy. Effective therapies with acceptable side-effect profiles are needed for this patient population. MethodsIn this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study, we assessed the efficacy and safety of idelalisib, an oral inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, in combination with rituximab versus rituximab plus placebo. We randomly assigned 220 patients with decreased renal function, previous therapy-induced myelosuppression, or major coexisting illnesses to receive rituximab and either idelalisib (at a dose of 150 mg) or placebo twice daily. …

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Integration Of Sequence Data From A Consanguineous Family With Genetic Data From An Outbred Population Identifies Plb1 As A Candidate Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk Gene, Y. Okada, D. Diogo, J. D. Greenberg, F. Mouassess, W. A. L. Achkar, R. S. Fulton, J. C. Denny, N. Gupta, P. K. Gregersen, R. M. Plenge, +38 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Integration Of Sequence Data From A Consanguineous Family With Genetic Data From An Outbred Population Identifies Plb1 As A Candidate Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk Gene, Y. Okada, D. Diogo, J. D. Greenberg, F. Mouassess, W. A. L. Achkar, R. S. Fulton, J. C. Denny, N. Gupta, P. K. Gregersen, R. M. Plenge, +38 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Integrating genetic data from families with highly penetrant forms of disease together with genetic data from outbred populations represents a promising strategy to uncover the complete frequency spectrum of risk alleles for complex traits such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we demonstrate that rare, low-frequency and common alleles at one gene locus, phospholipase B1 (PLB1), might contribute to risk of RA in a 4-generation consanguineous pedigree (Middle Eastern ancestry) and also in unrelated individuals from the general population (European ancestry). Through identity-by-descent (IBD) mapping and whole-exome sequencing, we identified a non-synonymous c.2263G. C (p.G755R) mutation at the PLB1 gene on …

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Interferon Alpha On Nzm2328.Lc1r27: Enhancing Autoimmunity And Immune Complex-Mediated Glomerulonephritis Without End Stage Renal Failure, C. Dai, H. Y. Wang, S. S. J. Sung, R. Sharma, C. Kannapell, W. Han, Q. Wang, A. Davidson, F. Gaskin, S. M. Fu Jan 2014

Interferon Alpha On Nzm2328.Lc1r27: Enhancing Autoimmunity And Immune Complex-Mediated Glomerulonephritis Without End Stage Renal Failure, C. Dai, H. Y. Wang, S. S. J. Sung, R. Sharma, C. Kannapell, W. Han, Q. Wang, A. Davidson, F. Gaskin, S. M. Fu

Journal Articles

Interferon alpha (IFN alpha) may play a significant role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. Recent literature suggests that IFN alpha does not correlate with disease activities and blockade of IFN alpha is not effective in treating SLE. This study aims to delineate further the role of IFN alpha in SLE. 12-week old NZM2328 and its congenic NZM2328.Lc1R27 (R27) female mice were challenged with adenovirus-IFN alpha (adeno-IFN alpha) or adenovirus-LacZ (adeno-LacZ). Only adeno-IFN alpha treated NZM2328 developed severe proteinuria and died of chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) and end stage renal disease. Adeno-IFN alpha treated R27 did develop immune complex-mediated GN but …

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Mutations In The Gene That Encodes The F-Actin Binding Protein Anillin Cause Fsgs, R. A. Gbadegesin, G. Hall, A. Adeyemo, N. Hanke, I. Tossidou, J. Burchette, G. H. Wu, A. Homstad, P. C. Singhal, M. P. Winn, +17 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Mutations In The Gene That Encodes The F-Actin Binding Protein Anillin Cause Fsgs, R. A. Gbadegesin, G. Hall, A. Adeyemo, N. Hanke, I. Tossidou, J. Burchette, G. H. Wu, A. Homstad, P. C. Singhal, M. P. Winn, +17 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

FSGS is characterized by segmental scarring of the glomerulus and is a leading cause of kidney failure. Identification of genes causing FSGS has improved our understanding of disease mechanisms and points to defects in the glomerular epithelial cell, the podocyte, as a major factor in disease pathogenesis. Using a combination of genome-wide linkage studies and whole-exonne sequencing in a kindred with familial FSGS, we identified a missense mutation R431C in anillin (ANLN), an F-actin binding cell cycle gene, as a cause of FSGS. We screened 250 additional families with FSGS and found another variant, G618C, that segregates with disease in …

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Pathogenetic Role Of Glomerular Cxcl13 Expression In Lupus Nephritis, K. Worthmann, F. Gueler, S. Von Vietinghoff, A. Davalos-Militz, F. Wiehler, A. Davidson, T. Witte, H. Haller, M. Schiffer, L. Schiffer, +1 Additional Author Jan 2014

Pathogenetic Role Of Glomerular Cxcl13 Expression In Lupus Nephritis, K. Worthmann, F. Gueler, S. Von Vietinghoff, A. Davalos-Militz, F. Wiehler, A. Davidson, T. Witte, H. Haller, M. Schiffer, L. Schiffer, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

Podocytes maintain the structure and function of the glomerular filtration barrier. However, podocytes have recently been implicated in the innate immune response, and their function as non-haematopoietic antigen-presenting cells was highlighted. We have shown previously that excessive expression of the chemokine CXCL13 is a distinctive early event for nephritis in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Furthermore, we found that CXCL13 is elevated significantly in the serum of patients with SLE-nephritis. In this study, we were able to show for the first time that (i) CXCL13 is expressed locally in glomeruli in a model for SLE-nephritis in mice …

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Long-Term Exposure To Traffic-Related Air Pollution And Progression Of Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis: A Prospective Cohort Study, W. Q. Gan, R. W. Allen, M. Brauer, H. W. Davies, G. B. J. Mancini, S. A. Lear Jan 2014

Long-Term Exposure To Traffic-Related Air Pollution And Progression Of Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis: A Prospective Cohort Study, W. Q. Gan, R. W. Allen, M. Brauer, H. W. Davies, G. B. J. Mancini, S. A. Lear

Journal Articles

Objectives Epidemiological studies have demonstrated associations between long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and coronary heart disease (CHD). Atherosclerosis is the principal pathological process responsible for CHD events, but effects of traffic-related air pollution on progression of atherosclerosis are not clear. This study aimed to investigate associations between long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis. Setting Healthy volunteers in metropolitan Vancouver, Canada. Participants and outcome measures 509 participants aged 30-65years were recruited and followed for approximately 5years. At baseline and end of follow-up, participants underwent carotid artery ultrasound examinations to assess atherosclerosis severity, including carotid …

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Psychosocial Correlates Of Gender-Based Violence Among Hiv-Infected And Hiv-Uninfected Women In Three Us Cities, R. M. Schwartz, K. M. Weber, G. E. Schechter, N. C. Connors, Y. Gousse, M. A. Young, M. H. Cohen Jan 2014

Psychosocial Correlates Of Gender-Based Violence Among Hiv-Infected And Hiv-Uninfected Women In Three Us Cities, R. M. Schwartz, K. M. Weber, G. E. Schechter, N. C. Connors, Y. Gousse, M. A. Young, M. H. Cohen

Journal Articles

Gender-based violence (GBV) is common among women with and at risk for HIV, yet little is known about the GBV associated psychological factors that could be modifiable through behavioral interventions. The current study examined the associations between some of these psychological factors (i.e., hopelessness, consideration of future consequences, self esteem), mental health symptoms, substance abuse, and GBV among a sample of 736 HIV-infected and sociodemographically similar uninfected participants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Results indicated high rates of lifetime GBV among the sample (58%), as well as high rates of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) (22.2%). HIV-infected women were …

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Central Muscarinic Cholinergic Activation Alters Interaction Between Splenic Dendritic Cell And Cd4(+)Cd25(-) T Cells In Experimental Colitis, P. Munyaka, M. F. Rabbi, V. A. Pavlov, K. J. Tracey, E. Khafipour, J. E. Ghia Jan 2014

Central Muscarinic Cholinergic Activation Alters Interaction Between Splenic Dendritic Cell And Cd4(+)Cd25(-) T Cells In Experimental Colitis, P. Munyaka, M. F. Rabbi, V. A. Pavlov, K. J. Tracey, E. Khafipour, J. E. Ghia

Journal Articles

Background: The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) is based on vagus nerve (VN) activity that regulates macrophage and dendritic cell responses in the spleen through alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (a7nAChR) signaling. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients present dysautonomia with decreased vagus nerve activity, dendritic cell and T cell over-activation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether central activation of the CAP alters the function of dendritic cells (DCs) and sequential CD4(+)/CD25(-)T cell activation in the context of experimental colitis. Methods: The dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid model of experimental colitis in C57BL/6 mice was used. Central, intracerebroventricular infusion of the M1 …

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High-Risk Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infections Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Women In The Bahamas, D. N. Dames, E. Blackman, R. Butler, E. Taioli, S. Eckstein, K. Devarajan, A. Griffith-Bowe, P. Gomez, C. Ragin Jan 2014

High-Risk Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infections Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Women In The Bahamas, D. N. Dames, E. Blackman, R. Butler, E. Taioli, S. Eckstein, K. Devarajan, A. Griffith-Bowe, P. Gomez, C. Ragin

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: High-risk (HR) HPV genotypes other than 16 and 18 have been detected in a significant proportion of immunocompromised females. We aim to evaluate the frequency of HR HPV genotypes in a population of HIV-positive Caribbean women. METHODS: One hundred sixty-seven consecutive, non-pregnant, HIV-positive females >/=18 years were recruited in this study. Each participant received a vaginal examination, PAP smear, and completed a questionnaire. DNA was extracted for HPV testing in 86 patients. RESULTS: Mean age was 39.1 years for women positive for HR HPV and 43.1 years for women negative for HR HPV (P value = 0.040). 78% (130/167) …

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Latent Factor Modeling Of Four Schizotypy Dimensions With Theory Of Mind And Empathy, J. S. Bedwell, M. T. Compton, F. G. Jentsch, A. E. Deptula, S. M. Goulding, E. B. Tone Jan 2014

Latent Factor Modeling Of Four Schizotypy Dimensions With Theory Of Mind And Empathy, J. S. Bedwell, M. T. Compton, F. G. Jentsch, A. E. Deptula, S. M. Goulding, E. B. Tone

Journal Articles

Preliminary evidence suggests that theory of mind and empathy relate differentially to factors of schizotypy. The current study assessed 686 undergraduate students and used structural equation modeling to examine links between a four-factor model of schizotypy with performance on measures of theory of mind (Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test [MIE]) and empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index [IRI]). Schizotypy was assessed using three self-report measures which were simultaneously entered into the model. Results revealed that the Negative factor of schizotypy showed a negative relationship with the Empathy factor, which was primarily driven by the Empathic Concern subscale of the IRI …

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The Sorl1 Gene And Convergent Neural Risk For Alzheimer's Disease Across The Human Lifespan, D. Felsky, P. Szeszko, L. Yu, W. G. Honer, P. L. De Jager, J. A. Schneider, A. K. Malhotra, T. Lencz, T. Ikuta, A. N. Voineskos, +7 Additional Authors Jan 2014

The Sorl1 Gene And Convergent Neural Risk For Alzheimer's Disease Across The Human Lifespan, D. Felsky, P. Szeszko, L. Yu, W. G. Honer, P. L. De Jager, J. A. Schneider, A. K. Malhotra, T. Lencz, T. Ikuta, A. N. Voineskos, +7 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Prior to intervention trials in individuals genetically at-risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease, critical first steps are identifying where (neuroanatomic effects), when (timepoint in the lifespan) and how (gene expression and neuropathology) Alzheimer's risk genes impact the brain. We hypothesized that variants in the sortilin-like receptor (SORL1) gene would affect multiple Alzheimer's phenotypes before the clinical onset of symptoms. Four independent samples were analyzed to determine effects of SORL1 genetic risk variants across the lifespan at multiple phenotypic levels: (1) microstructural integrity of white matter using diffusion tensor imaging in two healthy control samples (n = 118, age 18-86; n = …

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Altered Relationships Between Age And Functional Brain Activation In Adolescents At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, K. H. Karlsgodt, T. G. M. Van Erp, C. E. Bearden, T. D. Cannon Jan 2014

Altered Relationships Between Age And Functional Brain Activation In Adolescents At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, K. H. Karlsgodt, T. G. M. Van Erp, C. E. Bearden, T. D. Cannon

Journal Articles

Schizophrenia is considered a neurodevelopmental disorder, but whether the adolescent period, proximal to onset, is associated with aberrant development in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis is incompletely understood. While abnormal gray and white matter development has been observed, alterations in functional neuroimaging (fMRI parameters during adolescence as related to conversion to psychosis have not yet been investigated. Twenty CHR individuals and 19 typically developing controls (TDC), (ages 14-21), were recruited from the Center for Assessment and Prevention of Proclromal States (CAPPS) at UCLA Participants performed a Sternberg-style verbal working memory (WMem) task during fMRI and data were …

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Does A Glp-1 Receptor Agonist Change Glucose Tolerance In Patients Treated With Antipsychotic Medications? Design Of A Randomised, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial, J. R. Larsen, L. Vedtofte, J. J. Holst, P. Oturai, A. Kjaer, Christoph Correll, T. Vilsboll, A. Fink-Jensen Jan 2014

Does A Glp-1 Receptor Agonist Change Glucose Tolerance In Patients Treated With Antipsychotic Medications? Design Of A Randomised, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial, J. R. Larsen, L. Vedtofte, J. J. Holst, P. Oturai, A. Kjaer, Christoph Correll, T. Vilsboll, A. Fink-Jensen

Journal Articles

Background Metabolic disturbances, obesity and life-shortening cardiovascular morbidity are major clinical problems among patients with antipsychotic treatment. Especially two of the most efficacious antipsychotics, clozapine and olanzapine, cause weight gain and metabolic disturbances. Additionally, patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders not infrequently consume alcohol. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has shown to improve glycaemic control and reduce alcohol intake among patients with type 2 diabetes. Objectives To investigate whether the beneficial effects of GLP-1 analogues on glycaemic control and alcohol intake, in patients with type 2 diabetes, can be extended to a population of pre-diabetic psychiatric patients receiving antipsychotic treatment. Methods and analysis Trial …

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Disrupted Working Memory Circuitry And Psychotic Symptoms In 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, C. A. Montojo, A. Ibrahim, K. H. Karlsgodt, C. Chow, A. E. Hilton, R. K. Jonas, T. K. Vesagas, C. E. Bearden Jan 2014

Disrupted Working Memory Circuitry And Psychotic Symptoms In 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, C. A. Montojo, A. Ibrahim, K. H. Karlsgodt, C. Chow, A. E. Hilton, R. K. Jonas, T. K. Vesagas, C. E. Bearden

Journal Articles

22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a recurrent genetic mutation that is highly penetrant for psychosis. Behavioral research suggests that 22q11DS patients exhibit a characteristic neurocognitive phenotype that includes differential impairment in spatial working memory (WM). Notably, spatial WM has also been proposed as an endophenotype for idiopathic psychotic disorder, yet little is known about the neurobiological substrates of WM in 22q11DS. In order to investigate the neural systems engaged during spatial WM in 22q11DS patients, we collected functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data while 41 participants (16 22q11DS patients, 25 demographically matched controls) performed a spatial capacity WM task that …

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Quetiapine Versus Aripiprazole In Children And Adolescents With Psychosis - Protocol For The Randomised, Blinded Clinical Tolerability And Efficacy Of Antipsychotics (Tea) Trial, A. K. Pagsberg, P. Jeppesen, D. G. Klauber, K. G. Jensen, D. Ruda, M. Stentebjerg-Olesen, P. Jantzen, S. Rasmussen, Christoph Correll, B. Fagerlund, +19 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Quetiapine Versus Aripiprazole In Children And Adolescents With Psychosis - Protocol For The Randomised, Blinded Clinical Tolerability And Efficacy Of Antipsychotics (Tea) Trial, A. K. Pagsberg, P. Jeppesen, D. G. Klauber, K. G. Jensen, D. Ruda, M. Stentebjerg-Olesen, P. Jantzen, S. Rasmussen, Christoph Correll, B. Fagerlund, +19 Additional Authors

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Background: The evidence for choices between antipsychotics for children and adolescents with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders is limited. The main objective of the Tolerability and Efficacy of Antipsychotics (TEA) trial is to compare the benefits and harms of quetiapine versus aripiprazole in children and adolescents with psychosis in order to inform rational, effective and safe treatment selections. Methods/Design: The TEA trial is a Danish investigator-initiated, independently funded, multi-centre, randomised, blinded clinical trial. Based on sample size estimation, 112 patients aged 12-17 years with psychosis, antipsychotic-naive or treated for a limited period are, 1:1 randomised to a 12-week, double-blind intervention …

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Sentia: A Systematic Online Monitoring Registry For Children And Adolescents Treated With Antipsychotics, I. Palanca-Maresca, B. Ruiz-Antoran, G. Centeno-Soto, S. Jimenez-Fernandez, L. Garcia-Murillo, A. Siles, S. Villagra, H. Blasco-Fontecilla, L. Iruela-Cuadrado, Christoph Correll, +2 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Sentia: A Systematic Online Monitoring Registry For Children And Adolescents Treated With Antipsychotics, I. Palanca-Maresca, B. Ruiz-Antoran, G. Centeno-Soto, S. Jimenez-Fernandez, L. Garcia-Murillo, A. Siles, S. Villagra, H. Blasco-Fontecilla, L. Iruela-Cuadrado, Christoph Correll, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Despite drastic increases in antipsychotic prescribing in youth, data are still limited regarding their safety in this vulnerable population, necessitating additional tools for capturing long-term, real world data. METHODS: We present SENTIA (SafEty of NeurolepTics in Infancy and Adolescence; https://SENTIA.es), an online registry created in 2010 to track antipsychotic adverse effects in Spanish youthsociodemographic, diagnostic and treatment characteristics, past personal medical/psychiatric history, healthy lifestyle habits and treatment adherence. Additionally, efficacy and adverse effect data are recorded including the Children's Global Assessment Scale; Clinical Global Impressions scale for Severity and Improvement, the Safety Monitoring Uniform Report Form, Simpson-Angus Scale, Abnormal …

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