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Articles 2041 - 2070 of 2396

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Risk Factors Associated With Reticular Pseudodrusen Versus Large Soft Drusen, S. Boddu, M. D. Lee, M. Marsiglia, M. Marmor, K. B. Freund, R. T. Smith Jan 2014

Risk Factors Associated With Reticular Pseudodrusen Versus Large Soft Drusen, S. Boddu, M. D. Lee, M. Marsiglia, M. Marmor, K. B. Freund, R. T. Smith

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: To investigate genetic, environmental, and systemic risk factors in prospectively identified subjects with the age-related macular degeneration (AMD) phenotypes of (1) reticular pseudodrusen without large soft drusen and (2) large soft drusen without reticular pseudodrusen. DESIGN: Prospective case-case comparison. METHODS: In a clinical practice setting, patients with AMD were sequentially screened using clinical examination and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy imaging to prospectively identify subjects (n = 73) with the phenotypes of (1) reticular pseudodrusen without large soft drusen (n = 30) or (2) large soft drusen without reticular pseudodrusen (n = 43). Subjects were genotyped for 2 alleles associated with …

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Glycated Hemoglobin Measurement And Prediction Of Cardiovascular Disease, E. Di Angelantonio, P. Gao, H. Khan, N. Wald, S. J. L. Bakker, P. H. Whincup, J. Kauhanen, J. T. Salonen, R. Dankner, J. Danesh, +66 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Glycated Hemoglobin Measurement And Prediction Of Cardiovascular Disease, E. Di Angelantonio, P. Gao, H. Khan, N. Wald, S. J. L. Bakker, P. H. Whincup, J. Kauhanen, J. T. Salonen, R. Dankner, J. Danesh, +66 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

IMPORTANCE The value of measuring levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) for the prediction of first cardiovascular events is uncertain. OBJECTIVE To determine whether adding information on HbA(1c) values to conventional cardiovascular risk factors is associated with improvement in prediction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Analysis of individual-participant data available from 73 prospective studies involving 294 998 participants without a known history of diabetes mellitus or CVD at the baseline assessment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Measures of risk discrimination for CVD outcomes (eg, C-index) and reclassification (eg, net reclassification improvement) of participants across predicted 10-year risk categories …

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Early Initial Clinical Experience With Intravitreal Aflibercept For Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration, P. J. Ferrone, F. Anwar, J. Naysan, K. Chaudhary, D. Fastenberg, K. Graham, V. Deramo Jan 2014

Early Initial Clinical Experience With Intravitreal Aflibercept For Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration, P. J. Ferrone, F. Anwar, J. Naysan, K. Chaudhary, D. Fastenberg, K. Graham, V. Deramo

Journal Articles

Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative process that leads to severe vision loss. Wet AMD is defined by choroidal neovascularisation, leading to the accumulation of subretinal fluid (SRF), macular oedema (ME), and pigment epithelium detachments (PED). Purpose To evaluate the initial clinical experience of conversion from bevacizumab or ranibizumab to aflibercept in wet AMD patients. Methods Records of 250 consecutive wet AMD patients were retrospectively reviewed. Of 250 patients, 29 were naive (with no previous treatment), and 221 were previously treated with bevacizumab (1/3) or ranibizumab (2/3). On average, converted patients received 14 injections every 6 weeks on …

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Inappropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Shocks Attributed To Alternating-Current Leak In A Swimming Pool, J. N. Makaryus, J. Angert-Gilman, M. Yacoub, A. Patel, B. Goldner Jan 2014

Inappropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Shocks Attributed To Alternating-Current Leak In A Swimming Pool, J. N. Makaryus, J. Angert-Gilman, M. Yacoub, A. Patel, B. Goldner

Journal Articles

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are the standard of care for preventing sudden cardiac death in patients who are predisposed to malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Causes of inappropriate ICD shock include equipment malfunction, improper arrhythmia evaluation, misinterpretation of myopotentials, and electromagnetic interference. As the number of implanted ICDs has increased, other contributors to inappropriate therapy have become known, such as minimal electrical current leaks that mimic ventricular fibrillation. We present the case of a 63-year-old man with a biventricular ICD who received 2 inappropriate shocks, probably attributable to alternating-current leaks in a swimming pool. In addition, we discuss ICD sensitivity and offer recommendations …

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Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy As A Sequela Of Elective Direct-Current Cardioversion For Atrial Fibrillation, J. S. Siegfried, S. Bhusri, N. Guttenplan, N. L. Coplan Jan 2014

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy As A Sequela Of Elective Direct-Current Cardioversion For Atrial Fibrillation, J. S. Siegfried, S. Bhusri, N. Guttenplan, N. L. Coplan

Journal Articles

In takotsubo cardiomyopathy, the clinical appearance is that of an acute myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease, with apical ballooning of the left ventricle. The condition is usually precipitated by a stressful physical or psychological experience. The mechanism is unknown but is thought to be related to catecholamine excess. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman who experienced cardiogenic shock caused by takotsubo cardiomyopathy, immediately after undergoing elective direct-current cardioversion for atrial fibrillation. After a course complicated by left ventricular failure, cardiogenic shock, and ventricular tachycardia, she made a complete clinical and echocardiographic recovery In …

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Athletic Pubalgia And Associated Rehabilitation, A. A. Ellsworth, M. P. Zoland, T. F. Tyler Jan 2014

Athletic Pubalgia And Associated Rehabilitation, A. A. Ellsworth, M. P. Zoland, T. F. Tyler

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Evaluation and treatment of groin pain in athletes is challenging. The anatomy is complex, and multiple pathologies often coexist. Different pathologies may cause similar symptoms, and many systems can refer pain to the groin. Many athletes with groin pain have tried prolonged rest and various treatment regimens, and received differing opinions as to the cause of their pain. The rehabilitation specialist is often given a non-specific referral of "groin pain" or "sports hernia." The cause of pain could be as simple as the effects of an adductor strain, or as complex as athletic pubalgia or inguinal disruption. The term …

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Aicar Attenuates Organ Injury And Inflammatory Response After Intestinal Ischemia And Reperfusion, J. P. Idrovo, W.L. Yang, A. Jacob, M. Aziz, Jeffrey Nicastro, Gene Coppa, P. Wang Jan 2014

Aicar Attenuates Organ Injury And Inflammatory Response After Intestinal Ischemia And Reperfusion, J. P. Idrovo, W.L. Yang, A. Jacob, M. Aziz, Jeffrey Nicastro, Gene Coppa, P. Wang

Journal Articles

Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) is encountered in various clinical conditions and contributes to multiorgan failure and mortality as high as 60% to 80%. Intestinal I/R not only injures the intestine, but affects remote organs such as the lung leading to acute lung injury. The development of novel and effective therapies for intestinal I/R are critical for the improvement of patient outcome. AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxyamide ribonucleoside) is a cell-permeable compound that has been shown to possess antiinflammatory effects. The objective is to determine that treatment with AICAR attenuates intestinal I/R injury and subsequent acute lung injury (ALI). Male Sprague Dawley rats …

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Arterio-Enteric Fistula In Failed Enteric-Drained Pancreas Transplants: An Impending Danger, M. Villa, E. Siskind, N. Jaimes, D. Eckstein, M. Bhaskaran, M. Sachdeva, K. Jhaveri, K. Calderon, C. Greben, L. Sharan, G. Coppa, K. Krishnasastry, E. Molmenti, J. Nicastro Jan 2014

Arterio-Enteric Fistula In Failed Enteric-Drained Pancreas Transplants: An Impending Danger, M. Villa, E. Siskind, N. Jaimes, D. Eckstein, M. Bhaskaran, M. Sachdeva, K. Jhaveri, K. Calderon, C. Greben, L. Sharan, G. Coppa, K. Krishnasastry, E. Molmenti, J. Nicastro

Journal Articles

Enteric drainage is the preferred method of exocrine diversion in simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation. Because of improvements in immunosuppression, enteric drainage has become the preferred method of pancreas transplantation in general. Although associated with less potential complications than bladder-drained pancreas, potentially lethal arterio-enteric fistulas in the setting of nonfunctioning allografts represent a constant threat. We herein present a case report, a review of the literature, and a call for caution.

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Pivotal Trial To Evaluate The Safety And Efficacy Of The Orbital Atherectomy System In Treating De Novo, Severely Calcified Coronary Lesions (Orbit Ii), J. W. Chambers, R. L. Feldman, S. I. Himmelstein, R. Bhatheja, A. E. Villa, K. C. Patel, J. A. Puma, P. Makam, B. D. Bertolet, G. Y. Nseir, +10 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Pivotal Trial To Evaluate The Safety And Efficacy Of The Orbital Atherectomy System In Treating De Novo, Severely Calcified Coronary Lesions (Orbit Ii), J. W. Chambers, R. L. Feldman, S. I. Himmelstein, R. Bhatheja, A. E. Villa, K. C. Patel, J. A. Puma, P. Makam, B. D. Bertolet, G. Y. Nseir, +10 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Objectives The ORBIT II (Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of OAS in Treating Severely Calcified Coronary Lesions) trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of the coronary Orbital Atherectomy System (OAS) to prepare de novo, severely calcified coronary lesions for stent placement. Background Despite advances in interventional techniques, treatment of calcified coronary lesions remains a challenge. Stent placement in these lesions may result in stent underexpansion, malapposition, and procedural complications. Methods ORBIT II is a prospective, multicenter, nonblinded clinical trial that enrolled 443 consecutive patients with severely calcified coronary lesions at 49 U.S. sites from May 25, 2010, to November 26, …

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Sequestering Hmgb1 Via Dna-Conjugated Beads Ameliorates Murine Colitis, Z. Ju, S. S. Chavan, M. Dancho, T. Tsaava, J. Li, B. Lu, Y. Al-Abed, J. Roth, K. J. Tracey, H. Yang, +4 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Sequestering Hmgb1 Via Dna-Conjugated Beads Ameliorates Murine Colitis, Z. Ju, S. S. Chavan, M. Dancho, T. Tsaava, J. Li, B. Lu, Y. Al-Abed, J. Roth, K. J. Tracey, H. Yang, +4 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that affects millions of people worldwide. Although the etiology of IBD is not clear, it is known that products from stressed cells and enteric microbes promote intestinal inflammation. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), originally identified as a nuclear DNA binding protein, is a cytokine-like protein mediator implicated in infection, sterile injury, autoimmune disease, and IBD. Elevated levels of HMGB1 have been detected in inflamed human intestinal tissues and in feces of IBD patients and mouse models of colitis. Neutralizing HMGB1 activity by administration of anti-HMGB1 antibodies or HMGB1-specific …

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Inhibition Of Amp-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Alleviates Impairments In Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity Induced By Amyloid Beta, T. Ma, Y. R. Chen, V. Vingtdeux, H. T. Zhao, B. Viollet, P. Marambaud, E. Klann Jan 2014

Inhibition Of Amp-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Alleviates Impairments In Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity Induced By Amyloid Beta, T. Ma, Y. R. Chen, V. Vingtdeux, H. T. Zhao, B. Viollet, P. Marambaud, E. Klann

Journal Articles

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a Ser/Thr kinase that is activated in response to low-energy states to coordinate multiple signaling pathways to maintain cellular energy homeostasis. Dysregulation of AMPK signaling has been observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is associated with abnormal neuronal energy metabolism. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that aberrant AMPK signaling underlies AD-associated synaptic plasticity impairments by using pharmacological and genetic approaches. We found that amyloid beta (A beta)-induced inhibition of long-term potentiation (LTP) and enhancement of long-term depression were corrected by the AMPK inhibitor compound C (CC). Similarly, LTP impairments in APP/PS1 …

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Candidate Chromosome 1 Disease Susceptibility Genes For Sjogren's Syndrome Xerostomia Are Narrowed By Novel Nod.B10 Congenic Mice, P. K. A. Mongini, J. M. Kramer, T. Ishikawa, H. Herschman, D. Esposito Jan 2014

Candidate Chromosome 1 Disease Susceptibility Genes For Sjogren's Syndrome Xerostomia Are Narrowed By Novel Nod.B10 Congenic Mice, P. K. A. Mongini, J. M. Kramer, T. Ishikawa, H. Herschman, D. Esposito

Journal Articles

Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is characterized by salivary gland leukocytic infiltrates and impaired salivation (xerostomia). Cox-2 (Ptgs2) is located on chromosome 1 within the span of the Aec2 region. In an attempt to demonstrate that COX-2 drives antibody-dependent hyposalivation, NOD.B10 congenic mice bearing a Cox-2flox gene were generated. A congenic line with non-NOD alleles in Cox-2-flanking genes failed manifest xerostomia. Further backcrossing yielded disease-susceptible NOD.B10 Cox-2flox lines; fine genetic mapping determined that critical Aec2 genes lie within a 1.56 to 2.17 Mb span of DNA downstream of Cox-2. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that susceptible and non-susceptible lines exhibit non-synonymous coding SNPs in …

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Sucrose-Conditioned Flavor Preferences In Sweet Ageusic T1r3 And Calhm1 Knockout Mice, A. Sclafani, P. Marambaud, K. Ackroff Jan 2014

Sucrose-Conditioned Flavor Preferences In Sweet Ageusic T1r3 And Calhm1 Knockout Mice, A. Sclafani, P. Marambaud, K. Ackroff

Journal Articles

The present study compared the ability of sweet ageusic T1r3 knockout (KO) and Calhm1 KO mice to acquire preferences for a sucrose-paired flavor as well as for unflavored sucrose. The KO and wildtype (WT) mice were given 24-h one-bottle access to 8% sucrose containing one flavor CS+, e.g., grape) and to water containing a different flavor (CS-, e.g., cherry) over 4 training days. In subsequent two-bottle tests with the flavors in water only, the T1r3 KO and Calhm1 KO mice, like WT mice, preferred the CS+ to the CS-. After training with flavored solutions, both KO groups also preferred unflavored …

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Evaluation Of Amniotic-Derived Membrane Biomaterial As An Adjunct For Repair Of Critical Sized Bone Defects, M. Starecki, J. A. Schwartz, D. A. Grande Jan 2014

Evaluation Of Amniotic-Derived Membrane Biomaterial As An Adjunct For Repair Of Critical Sized Bone Defects, M. Starecki, J. A. Schwartz, D. A. Grande

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Salty Taste Deficits In Calhm1 Knockout Mice, M. G. Tordoff, H. T. Ellis, T. R. Aleman, A. Downing, P. Marambaud, J. K. Foskett, R. M. Dana, S. A. Mccaughey Jan 2014

Salty Taste Deficits In Calhm1 Knockout Mice, M. G. Tordoff, H. T. Ellis, T. R. Aleman, A. Downing, P. Marambaud, J. K. Foskett, R. M. Dana, S. A. Mccaughey

Journal Articles

Genetic ablation of calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1), which releases adenosine triphosphate from Type 2 taste cells, severely compromises the behavioral and electrophysiological responses to tastes detected by G protein-coupled receptors, such as sweet and bitter. However, the contribution of CALHM1 to salty taste perception is less clear. Here, we evaluated several salty taste-related phenotypes of CALHM1 knockout (KO) mice and their wild-type (WT) controls: 1) In a conditioned aversion test, CALHM1 WT and KO mice had similar NaCl avoidance thresholds. 2) In two-bottle choice tests, CALHM1 WT mice showed the classic inverted U-shaped NaCl concentration-preference function but CALHM1 KO …

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Effect Of The Calhm1 G330d And R154h Human Variants On The Control Of Cytosolic Ca2+ And A Beta Levels, V. Vingtdeux, J. E. Tanis, P. Chandakkar, H. T. Zhao, U. Dreses-Werringloer, F. Campagne, J. K. Foskett, P. Marambaud Jan 2014

Effect Of The Calhm1 G330d And R154h Human Variants On The Control Of Cytosolic Ca2+ And A Beta Levels, V. Vingtdeux, J. E. Tanis, P. Chandakkar, H. T. Zhao, U. Dreses-Werringloer, F. Campagne, J. K. Foskett, P. Marambaud

Journal Articles

CALHM1 is a plasma membrane voltage-gated Ca2+-permeable ion channel that controls amyloid-beta (A beta) metabolism and is potentially involved in the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, Rubio-Moscardo et al. (PLoS One (2013) 8: e74203) reported the identification of two CALHM1 variants, G330D and R154H, in early-onset AD (EOAD) patients. The authors provided evidence that these two human variants were rare and resulted in a complete loss of CALHM1 function. Recent publicly available large-scale exome sequencing data confirmed that R154H is a rare CALHM1 variant (minor allele frequency (MAF) = 0.015%), but that G330D is not (MAF = 3.5% in …

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Overexpression Of Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Protects Against Brain Injury Induced By Chronic Hypoxia, N. Zaghloul, H. Patel, C. Codipilly, P. Marambaud, S. Dewey, S. Frattini, P. T. Huerta, M. Nasim, E. J. Miller, M. Ahmed Jan 2014

Overexpression Of Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Protects Against Brain Injury Induced By Chronic Hypoxia, N. Zaghloul, H. Patel, C. Codipilly, P. Marambaud, S. Dewey, S. Frattini, P. T. Huerta, M. Nasim, E. J. Miller, M. Ahmed

Journal Articles

Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is an isoform of SOD normally found both intra- and extra-cellularly and accounting for most SOD activity in blood vessels. Here we explored the role of EC-SOD in protecting against brain damage induced by chronic hypoxia. EC-SOD Transgenic mice, were exposed to hypoxia (FiO2.1%) for 10 days (H-KI) and compared to transgenic animals housed in room air (RA-KI), wild type animals exposed to hypoxia (H-WT or wild type mice housed in room air (RA-WT). Overall brain metabolism evaluated by positron emission tomography (PET) showed that H-WT mice had significantly higher uptake of (18)FDG in the brain …

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Combined Pulmonary Venous Thromboembolism And Renal Artery Thrombosis In A Patient With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, G. Mavani, S. Machnicki, R. Lavie Jan 2014

Combined Pulmonary Venous Thromboembolism And Renal Artery Thrombosis In A Patient With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, G. Mavani, S. Machnicki, R. Lavie

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Gene Therapy In Patient-Specific Stem Cell Lines And A Preclinical Model Of Retinitis Pigmentosa With Membrane Frizzled-Related Protein Defects, Y. Li, W. H. Wu, C. W. Hsu, H. V. Nguyen, Y. T. Tsai, L. Chan, T. Nagasaki, I. H. Maumenee, L. A. Yannuzzi, S. H. Tsang, +3 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Gene Therapy In Patient-Specific Stem Cell Lines And A Preclinical Model Of Retinitis Pigmentosa With Membrane Frizzled-Related Protein Defects, Y. Li, W. H. Wu, C. W. Hsu, H. V. Nguyen, Y. T. Tsai, L. Chan, T. Nagasaki, I. H. Maumenee, L. A. Yannuzzi, S. H. Tsang, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Defects in Membrane Frizzled-related Protein (MFRP) cause autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP). MFRP codes for a retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-specific membrane receptor of unknown function. In patient-specific induced pluripotent stem (iPS)-derived RPE cells, precise levels of MFRP, and its dicistronic partner CTRP5, are critical to the regulation of actin organization. Overexpression of CTRP5 in naive human RPE cells phenocopied behavior of MFRP-deficient patient RPE (iPS-RPE) cells. AAV8 (Y733F) vector expressing human MFRP rescued the actin disorganization phenotype and restored apical microvilli in patient-specific iPS-RPE cell lines. As a result, AAV-treated MFRP mutant iPS-RPE recovered pigmentation and transepithelial resistance. The efficacy …

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Assessing The Cone Photoreceptor Mosaic In Eyes With Pseudodrusen And Soft Drusen In Vivo Using Adaptive Optics Imaging, S. Mrejen, T. Sato, C. A. Curcio, R. F. Spaide Jan 2014

Assessing The Cone Photoreceptor Mosaic In Eyes With Pseudodrusen And Soft Drusen In Vivo Using Adaptive Optics Imaging, S. Mrejen, T. Sato, C. A. Curcio, R. F. Spaide

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: To investigate the cone photoreceptor mosaic in eyes with pseudodrusen as evidenced by the presence of subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD) and conventional drusen using adaptive optics (AO) imaging integrated into a multimodal imaging approach. DESIGN: Observational case series. PARTICIPANTS: Eleven patients (11 eyes) with pseudodrusen and 6 patients (11 eyes) with conventional drusen. METHODS: Consecutive patients were examined using near-infrared reflectance (IR) confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) and eye-tracked spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and flood-illuminated retinal AO camera of nonconfluent pseudodrusen or conventional drusen. Correlations were made between the IR-SLO, SD-OCT, and AO images. Cone density analysis was …

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Late Recurrence Of Myopic Foveoschisis After Successful Repair With Primary Vitrectomy And Incomplete Membrane Peeling, G. Sepulveda, S. Chang, K. B. Freund, S. Park, Q. V. Hoang Jan 2014

Late Recurrence Of Myopic Foveoschisis After Successful Repair With Primary Vitrectomy And Incomplete Membrane Peeling, G. Sepulveda, S. Chang, K. B. Freund, S. Park, Q. V. Hoang

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: To report three cases of late recurrence of myopic foveoschisis (MF) after initial successful repair with pars plana vitrectomy and membrane peeling to assess the importance of internal limiting membrane peeling. METHODS: A retrospective noncomparative case series was performed of patients who underwent a primary pars plana vitrectomy by a single surgeon with successful resolution of MF, but eventually underwent repeat pars plana vitrectomy for recurrent MF. Best-corrected visual acuity, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography were obtained at each examination. RESULTS: Three eyes of three patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy for recurrent MF. Myopic foveoschisis recurrence occurred 6, …

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Carotid-Cavernous Fistula As A Mimicker Of Myasthenia Gravis, A. Eswar, H. D. Pomeranz, S. M. Vishnubhakat, M. Oller-Cramsie Jan 2014

Carotid-Cavernous Fistula As A Mimicker Of Myasthenia Gravis, A. Eswar, H. D. Pomeranz, S. M. Vishnubhakat, M. Oller-Cramsie

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between the carotid arterial system and the cavernous sinus. Common symptoms of CCFs include proptosis and ophthalmoplegia, but fluctuating diplopia and presence of ptosis are not typical. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present an unusual case of CCF with fluctuating binocular diplopia and ptosis, mimicking myasthenia gravis. Electrodiagnostic testing, which included repetitive nerve stimulation and single-fiber electromyography, was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbits was initially normal, but later magnetic resonance angiography revealed enlargement of the left superior ophthalmic vein along with a left CCF. Patient underwent a successful left …

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The Utility Of Neuroimaging In The Differential Diagnosis Of Parkinsonian Syndromes, F. Holtbernd, D. Eidelberg Jan 2014

The Utility Of Neuroimaging In The Differential Diagnosis Of Parkinsonian Syndromes, F. Holtbernd, D. Eidelberg

Journal Articles

The differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes can be challenging, particularly in early disease stages. However, prognosis and therapeutic regimes are not alike in Parkinson disease and atypical parkinsonism, and thus a correct diagnosis at the earliest possible stage is desirable. Over the past two decades, magnetic resonance imaging and radiotracer-based imaging techniques have proven to be helpful tools to enhance the accuracy of clinical diagnosis in these disorders. Here, we review recent advances in neuroimaging for the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes.

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Abnormal Metabolic Network Activity In Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder, F. Holtbernd, J. F. Gagnon, R. B. Postuma, Y. Ma, C. C. Tang, A. Feigin, V. Dhawan, J. P. Soucy, D. Eidelberg, J. Montplaisir, +1 Additional Author Jan 2014

Abnormal Metabolic Network Activity In Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder, F. Holtbernd, J. F. Gagnon, R. B. Postuma, Y. Ma, C. C. Tang, A. Feigin, V. Dhawan, J. P. Soucy, D. Eidelberg, J. Montplaisir, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the Parkinson disease-related covariance pattern (PDRP) expression is abnormally increased in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and whether increased baseline activity is associated with greater individual risk of subsequent phenoconversion. METHODS: For this cohort study, we recruited 2 groups of RBD and control subjects. Cohort 1 comprised 10 subjects with RBD (63.5 +/- 9.4 years old) and 10 healthy volunteers (62.7 +/- 8.6 years old) who underwent resting-state metabolic brain imaging with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET. Cohort 2 comprised 17 subjects with RBD (68.9 +/- 4.8 years old) and 17 healthy volunteers (66.6 +/- 6.0 years old) …

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Network Modulation Following Sham Surgery In Parkinson's Disease, J. H. Ko, A. Feigin, P. Mattis, C. C. Tang, Y. L. Ma, V. Dhawan, M. J. During, M. G. Kaplitt, D. Eidelberg Jan 2014

Network Modulation Following Sham Surgery In Parkinson's Disease, J. H. Ko, A. Feigin, P. Mattis, C. C. Tang, Y. L. Ma, V. Dhawan, M. J. During, M. G. Kaplitt, D. Eidelberg

Journal Articles

Patient responses to placebo and sham effects are a major obstacle to the development of therapies for brain disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we used functional brain imaging and network analysis to study the circuitry underlying placebo effects in PD subjects randomized to sham surgery as part of a double-blind gene therapy trial. Metabolic imaging was performed prior to randomization, then again at 6 and 12 months after sham surgery. In this cohort, the sham response was associated with the expression of a distinct cerebello-limbic circuit. The expression of this network increased consistently in patients blinded to treatment and …

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Quantifying Significance Of Topographical Similarities Of Disease-Related Brain Metabolic Patterns, J. H. Ko, P. Spetsieris, Y. L. Ma, V. Dhawan, D. Eidelberg Jan 2014

Quantifying Significance Of Topographical Similarities Of Disease-Related Brain Metabolic Patterns, J. H. Ko, P. Spetsieris, Y. L. Ma, V. Dhawan, D. Eidelberg

Journal Articles

Multivariate analytical routines have become increasingly popular in the study of cerebral function in health and in disease states. Spatial covariance analysis of functional neuroimaging data has been used to identify and validate characteristic topographies associated with specific brain disorders. Voxel-wise correlations can be used to assess similarities and differences that exist between covariance topographies. While the magnitude of the resulting topographical correlations is critical, statistical significance can be difficult to determine in the setting of large data vectors (comprised of over 100,000 voxel weights) and substantial autocorrelation effects. Here, we propose a novel method to determine the p-value of …

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A Disease-Specific Metabolic Brain Network Associated With Corticobasal Degeneration, M. Niethammer, C. C. Tang, A. Feigin, P. J. Allen, L. Heinen, S. Hellwig, F. Amtage, E. Hanspal, J. P. Vonsattel, D. Eidelberg, +3 Addtional Authors Jan 2014

A Disease-Specific Metabolic Brain Network Associated With Corticobasal Degeneration, M. Niethammer, C. C. Tang, A. Feigin, P. J. Allen, L. Heinen, S. Hellwig, F. Amtage, E. Hanspal, J. P. Vonsattel, D. Eidelberg, +3 Addtional Authors

Journal Articles

Corticobasal degeneration is an uncommon parkinsonian variant condition that is diagnosed mainly on clinical examination. To facilitate the differential diagnosis of this disorder, we used metabolic brain imaging to characterize a specific network that can be used to discriminate corticobasal degeneration from other atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Ten non-demented patients (eight females/two males; age 73.9 +/- 5.7 years) underwent metabolic brain imaging with 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for atypical parkinsonism. These individuals were diagnosed clinically with probable corticobasal degeneration. This diagnosis was confirmed in the three subjects who additionally underwent post-mortem examination. Ten age-matched healthy subjects (five females/five males; age …

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Brain Network Markers Of Abnormal Cerebral Glucose Metabolism And Blood Flow In Parkinson's Disease, S. C. Peng, D. Eidelberg, Y. L. Ma Jan 2014

Brain Network Markers Of Abnormal Cerebral Glucose Metabolism And Blood Flow In Parkinson's Disease, S. C. Peng, D. Eidelberg, Y. L. Ma

Journal Articles

Neuroimaging of cerebral glucose metabolism and blood flow is ideally suited to assay widely-distributed brain circuits as a result of local molecular events and behavioral modulation in the central nervous system. With the progress in novel analytical methodology, this endeavor has succeeded in unraveling the mechanisms underlying a wide spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, statistical brain mapping studies have made significant strides in describing the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) and related disorders by providing signature biomarkers to determine the systemic abnormalities in brain function and evaluate disease progression, therapeutic responses, and clinical correlates in patients. In this article, …

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Characterization Of Disease-Related Covariance Topographies With Ssmpca Toolbox: Effects Of Spatial Normalization And Pet Scanners, S. C. Peng, Y. L. Ma, P. G. Spetsieris, P. Mattis, Andrew Feigin, V. Dhawan, D. Eidelberg Jan 2014

Characterization Of Disease-Related Covariance Topographies With Ssmpca Toolbox: Effects Of Spatial Normalization And Pet Scanners, S. C. Peng, Y. L. Ma, P. G. Spetsieris, P. Mattis, Andrew Feigin, V. Dhawan, D. Eidelberg

Journal Articles

To generate imaging biomarkers from disease-specific brain networks, we have implemented a general toolbox to rapidly perform scaled subprofile modeling (SSM) based on principal component analysis (PCA) on brain images of patients and normals. This SSMPCA toolbox can define spatial covariance patterns whose expression in individual subjects can discriminate patients from controls or predict behavioral measures. The technique may depend on differences in spatial normalization algorithms and brain imaging systems. We have evaluated the reproducibility of characteristic metabolic patterns generated by SSMPCA in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We used [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose PET scans from patients with PD and normal controls. …

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Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: A Sequela Of Abdominal Aortography, S. Kedia, V. R. Bhatt, A. Koirala, S. Murukutla, J. Rijal, S. Pant, M. A. Wrzolek, A. Gottesman Jan 2014

Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: A Sequela Of Abdominal Aortography, S. Kedia, V. R. Bhatt, A. Koirala, S. Murukutla, J. Rijal, S. Pant, M. A. Wrzolek, A. Gottesman

Journal Articles

The use of abdominal angiography and transcatheter embolization has increased rapidly in the last few decades. Although improvement in angiographic techniques has made the procedure safe, ischemic colitis is a rare but potentially dreadful complication. We report a case of a 51-year-old woman who developed ischemic colitis following aortography, demonstrating that such angiographic studies may produce substantial morbidity.

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