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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Mcv/Q, Medical College Of Virginia Quarterly, Vol. 10 No. 1 Jan 1974

Mcv/Q, Medical College Of Virginia Quarterly, Vol. 10 No. 1

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

No abstract provided.

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Surgical Treatment Of The Upper Extremity In Rheumatoid Arthritis, Charles L. Mcdowell Jan 1974

Surgical Treatment Of The Upper Extremity In Rheumatoid Arthritis, Charles L. Mcdowell

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

All surgical procedures designed to preserve or improve function in the extremities, whether in rheumatoid arthritis or not, must consider the functional emphasis of the upper extremity as compared to the lower extremity. The upper extremity has, as its primary goal, mobility and prehension, whereas in the lower extremity, stability is the most important goal, mobility the next in order of importance, and prehension the least important. For example, the feet fulfill a need for stability with very little requirement for prehension, but the hand is more an instrument for prehension and there is less need to consider stability. I …

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Viruses And The Conntective Tissue Diseases, Morris Ziff Jan 1974

Viruses And The Conntective Tissue Diseases, Morris Ziff

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

A number of observations in the last few years have attracted attention to the possibility of viral infection in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). One of these is the occurrence of interwoven tubular structures, usually in the endothelial cells of the kidney but also in the lymphocytes and in fibroblasts when SLE skin fibroblasts are cultured. These tubular structures have resembled viruses (they were thought by their discoverers to be myxo- or paramyxoviruses), but it has been argued that they are not viruses because of their size and appearance and because they have been produced in tissue cultures from subjects who …

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The "Three R'S" Of Delayed Hypersensitivity, David Horwitz Jan 1974

The "Three R'S" Of Delayed Hypersensitivity, David Horwitz

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Delayed hypersensitivity is one of several immune responses initiated by thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes. The mononuclear infiltrate of delayed hypersensitivity is a collaborative phenomenon between T lymphocytes and monocytes. This collaboration can be separated into components which I have chosen to call the "three R's" of delayed hypersensitivity. In this discussion I will define these "three R's" and examine the usefulness of this concept in clinical medicine.

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Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis: Early Diagnosis, Management, And Prognosis, John J. Calabro Jan 1974

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis: Early Diagnosis, Management, And Prognosis, John J. Calabro

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the major chronic rheumatic disorder of childhood. It affects as many as 250,000 American children and is slightly more common in girls than boys.

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Arteriography Of Cerebrovascular Disease, Frederick S. Vines Jan 1974

Arteriography Of Cerebrovascular Disease, Frederick S. Vines

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

The importance of complete angiographic studies in patients suspected of extracranial vascular disease has been emphasized. Examples of a variety of lesions of the intracranial and extracranial circulation have been shown. It is important that the angiographer obtain adequate visualization of the circulation cephalad to the aortic arch with awareness of the type of lesion and technical problems that may be encountered. It is only in this way that further understanding of the "stroke syndrome" can be attained with appropriate therapy.

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The Neuro-Ophthalmology Of Cerebrovascular Disease, John W. Harbison Jan 1974

The Neuro-Ophthalmology Of Cerebrovascular Disease, John W. Harbison

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

The neuro-ophthalmology of cerebrovascular disease is a vast plain of neuro-ophthalmic vistas, encompassing virtually all areas of disturbances of the eye-brain mechanism. This paper will be restricted to those areas of the neuro-ophthalmology of cerebrovascular disease which one might consider advances in its clinical diagnosis and treatment.

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Medical Management Of Cerebral Vascular Disease, William K. Hass Jan 1974

Medical Management Of Cerebral Vascular Disease, William K. Hass

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

The judicious mixture of surgical therapy and prophylactic therapy with a safe platelet antiaggregant appears at this time to be the best combination of approaches to the axiom: The best time to treat a stroke is before it happens.

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Advances In The Surgical Treatment Of Patients With Extracranial Cerebral Vascular Disease, Thoralf M. Sundt Jr. Jan 1974

Advances In The Surgical Treatment Of Patients With Extracranial Cerebral Vascular Disease, Thoralf M. Sundt Jr.

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Since the subject of surgery for carotid artery occlusive disease is too broad to be covered in its entirety, we will dwell primarily on some results of cerebral blood flow measurements and electroencephalograms performed during this procedure, their meaning and relationship to states of cerebral ischemia, and some controversial aspects of the surgery. An understanding of cerebral hemodynamics and the tolerance of neural tissue to ischemia is of major importance to any surgeon or physician dealing with this illness.

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Contents Jan 1974

Contents

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Table of contents for MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly, 1974, Volume Ten, Number Four.

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Continuous Intracranial Pressure Monitoring In Patients With Brain Injury: Technique And Application, John K. Vries Jan 1974

Continuous Intracranial Pressure Monitoring In Patients With Brain Injury: Technique And Application, John K. Vries

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Continuous ICP monitoring using the hollow screw technique has proven itself simple, safe, and reliable. The obvious advantage of continuous ICP monitoring is to provide early warning of developing mass lesions before clinical signs appear and to assess the effectiveness of therapy directed at brain edema. Its most important use, however, may be that it permits the use of depressant medications in these patients. Many of these patients have a marked tendency toward hyperthermia, severe hyperventilation, and erratic blood pressure swings. These tendencies can be most difficult to control with conventional treatment regimens. By sedating these patients, however, it is …

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Practical Anticonvulasant Pharmacokinetics, R.B. David, L.K. Garrettson Jan 1974

Practical Anticonvulasant Pharmacokinetics, R.B. David, L.K. Garrettson

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Pharmacokinetics is that area of pharmacology concerned with the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of drugs. The processes by which absorption, distribution, and elimination take place are referred to as unit processes. These occur independently and concurrently, and involve such activities as absorption into the blood, elimination from the blood, distribution between the blood and tissue, inactivation in tissues, and finally, elimination from the blood. Drug handling by the body can be characterized by the rate for each step or, more often, the rate of all processes. Classification of observed kinetics for these rate processes includes first-order, zero-order, and capacity-limited …

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Radical Reconstruction Of Complex Cranio-Orbito-Facial Abnormalities, John A. Jane, Milton T. Edgerton Jan 1974

Radical Reconstruction Of Complex Cranio-Orbito-Facial Abnormalities, John A. Jane, Milton T. Edgerton

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Excellent cosmetic results can be obtained by early intervention in severe cranial-orbital-facial deformity. This intervention should take the form of a combined intracranial and extracranial approach. While the procedure is of great magnitude, the benefits to the patient and to the family seem worth the risk.

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Modern Immunology: Cells And Molecules, Franklin Mullinax Jan 1974

Modern Immunology: Cells And Molecules, Franklin Mullinax

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

In this presentation I shall discuss 1) some historical highlights n the field of immunology; 2) the molecules of immunity, particularly the immunoglobulins; and 3) the cells of immunity, particularly the immunocytes. This presentation may provide a background for subsequent articles.

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Surgical Care Of The Lower Extremity In Rheumatoid Arthritis, Roby C. Thompson Jan 1974

Surgical Care Of The Lower Extremity In Rheumatoid Arthritis, Roby C. Thompson

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

One of the most important things for the physician to recognize in referring a patient to the orthopedic surgeon for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is the goal of surgical correction. The primary goal in surgical treatment of diseased joints in the lower extremity is relief of pain. Some pain-free patients have such severe deformities that a surgical procedure may be undertaken in order to improve and restore function, accepting certain calculated risks; however, to improve function surgically in a pain-free joint requires complete and full understanding on the part of the patient as well as the physician.

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Introduction, Robert Irby Jan 1974

Introduction, Robert Irby

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

The 45th Annual McGuire Lecture Series has been devoted to the subject of Immunology and the Rheumatic Diseases. In this two-day period, 22 outstanding physicians in the field of immunology and rheumatology brought an up-to-date overall concept in the field of rheumatic diseases. Subjects included not only aspects of pathogenesis but also modern laboratory methods in the diagnosis of various connective tissues diseases. The remedial surgical approaches for prevention of pain and disability in rheumatoid arthritis were discussed from a practical viewpoint.

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Recent Advances In Synovial Fluid Analysis, Duncan S. Owen Jr. Jan 1974

Recent Advances In Synovial Fluid Analysis, Duncan S. Owen Jr.

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Synovial fluid analysis is a frequently ignored examination except in suspected cases of septic conditions. It has been shown that it is an extremely valuable procedure in making rapid and accurate diagnoses in many types of joint diseases.

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A Review Of Some Aspects Of L-Forms And Gonococci, Charles L. Cooke, Bernard Germain, Bonnie Balducci, Harry P. Dalton Jan 1974

A Review Of Some Aspects Of L-Forms And Gonococci, Charles L. Cooke, Bernard Germain, Bonnie Balducci, Harry P. Dalton

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Systemic manifestations of gonococcal disease, such as arthritis, are often sterile on the usual culture methods used to grow gonococci. Allergic mechanisms have been invoked to explain this but with little evidence to support the concept. With the report by Holmes et al., that L-forms of gonococci were isolated from joint fluid of a patient with gonococcal arthritis, we decided to investigate the possible role of L-forms in gonococcal disease.

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Introduction, Donald P. Becker Jan 1974

Introduction, Donald P. Becker

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Recently, important strides have been made in clinical neurology and clinical neurosurgery, culminating in improved patient care. The last ten years have witnessed a new sophistication in neuroradiology, and the clear development of neuroophthalmology as a subspecialty. It is to these areas that the speakers at the 27th Stoneburner Lecture Series addressed themselves. The first part of the program emphasized cerebral vascular disease, and is presented in this issue. The second part of the program related primarily to the clinical care of patients with mechanical brain injury, brain tumors, and seizures, and will be presented in the following issue of …

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Immune Complex Reactions In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, John Staige Davis Iv Jan 1974

Immune Complex Reactions In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, John Staige Davis Iv

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

We should first try to define systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Table 1 lists criteria proposed by a committee of the American Rheumatism Association. If four of these 14 major criteria are positive, then there should be about 98% specificity for SLE. There are clearly many facets to this disorder. Let us consider mechanisms that might account for a multisystem disease such as this.

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Anklylosing Spondylitis, John Baum Jan 1974

Anklylosing Spondylitis, John Baum

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Within the last few years, the study of ankylosing spondylitis has produced some of the more remarkable new developments in the field of the rheumatic diseases. In modern days the disease has been described in Germany by Strümpell and in France by Marie. As a result, in Germany it is known as Strümpell's disease and in France as Marie's disease. Physicians in the United States and England, to be fair, call it Marie-Strümpell disease. It should be emphasized at this point that ankylosing spondylitis is not a variant of rheumatoid arthritis as it had been considered for a number of …

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The Interrelationship Of Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Blood Flow, And Brain Metabolism In Experimental Brain Injury, Thomas W. Langfitt Jan 1974

The Interrelationship Of Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Blood Flow, And Brain Metabolism In Experimental Brain Injury, Thomas W. Langfitt

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

This presentation will be concerned with some of the relationships between intracranial pressure, cerebral blood flow, and brain metabolism as defined in animal models. We will also be concerned with the pathophysiological changes that occur among these numerous variables.

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Chromosome Abnormalities And Repeated Abortion: A Preliminary Report, Susan English, Deborah W. Heritage, Andrew T. L. Chen, Reuben B. Young Jan 1974

Chromosome Abnormalities And Repeated Abortion: A Preliminary Report, Susan English, Deborah W. Heritage, Andrew T. L. Chen, Reuben B. Young

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

In view of the increased frequency of chromosome rearrangements demonstrated in these couples and the importance of counseling for future pregnancies, it would be wise to consider cytogenetic evaluation when all other probable causes for recurrent abortion have been ruled out.

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Reconstructive Intracranial Vascular Surgery, John M. Tew Jr. Jan 1974

Reconstructive Intracranial Vascular Surgery, John M. Tew Jr.

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

It is scarcely less than two decades since the initial cautious explorations of reconstructive surgery for the prevention of cerebral infarction caused by extracranial vascular disease began. The next years recorded an accumulative experience in the field of vascular surgery. Early clinical investigations led to the discovery that extracranial vascular disease is a major cause of cerebral infarction or stroke. Estimates indicate, however, that only 30-40% of the patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency have significant extracranial occlusive disease. For this larger group of patients, previous surgical methods offer no hope. It is the purpose of this report to review the current …

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Advances In The Management Of Pituitary Tumors, Charles B. Wilson Jan 1974

Advances In The Management Of Pituitary Tumors, Charles B. Wilson

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

A new development in the management of pituitary tumors is the transsphenoidal technique. It will be my purpose to show that it provides an elegant way of handling the great majority of pituitary problems, at least the ones that I have encountered, although it has its shortcomings as well as its advantages.

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Advances In The Medical And Surgical Management Of Intractable Partial Complex Seizures, Hooshang Hooshmand Jan 1974

Advances In The Medical And Surgical Management Of Intractable Partial Complex Seizures, Hooshang Hooshmand

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Seizures can be due to a variety of acute, subacute, or chronic diseases with different etiologies. Clinically, they may manifest as focal or generalized phenomena. Whereas the majority of the patients suffering from partial seizures are easily controlled with medications, in a small number of patients treatment may fail. The failure may be due to incorrect diagnosis or incorrect therapy. The efficacy of medical treatment for seizure disorder depends upon six factors: 1) dosage; 2) the size of the patient; 3) drug interaction; 4) drug specificity for the disease; 5) the nature of the disease for which the drug is …

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Advances In The Treatment Of Patients With Benign Brain Tumors, Harold F. Young Jan 1974

Advances In The Treatment Of Patients With Benign Brain Tumors, Harold F. Young

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Reliable ICP measurement allows an exact quantitation and management of intracranial pressure. This precise assessment of ICP is a valuable adjunct in the management of anesthesia for brain tumor patients. The proper combination of ICP and anesthesia management enables the surgeon to use the operating microscope to approach previously inaccessible areas of the brain and to perform meticulous surgery with a better prognosis for the brain tumor patient.

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Progress And Problems In The Rehabilitation Of Patients With Central Nervous System Injuries, L.D. Amick Jan 1974

Progress And Problems In The Rehabilitation Of Patients With Central Nervous System Injuries, L.D. Amick

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

Let us briefly consider the general nature of contemporary rehabilitation with highlights of its progress and problems. Paraplegia and hemiparesis may be thought of as the models of neurologic impairment.

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Advances In Neuroradiology, Frederick S. Vines, Charles Bonstelle Jan 1974

Advances In Neuroradiology, Frederick S. Vines, Charles Bonstelle

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

The development of two new radiological techniques has significantly enhanced the performance of neuroradiological diagnostic procedures. The first of these was installed as the prototype unit at the Medical College of Virginia in November of 1972 and has marked advantages for the performance of encephalography, angiography, and air myelography. The present communication will relate the experiences of the author during the initial 15 months of clinical evaluation. The second technique is an entirely new concept of obtaining further information from the data provided by the penetration of x-ray photons. Each of these units will be discussed briefly with an outline …

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Cerebral Blood Flow Studies In Stroke, John Stirling Meyer Jan 1974

Cerebral Blood Flow Studies In Stroke, John Stirling Meyer

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

This consideration of the relationship of neuro-transmitters not only to cerebral infarction but also to subarachnoid hemorrhage is, to my mind, the most promising area of investigation over the next decade. There is also a quantity of evidence that neurotransmitters play a large part in spasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage and in the disturbance of neurological function in that situation. Following subarachnoid hemorrhage, some remediable medical problems arise. Apart from clipping of the aneurysm, which the neurosurgeons are able to do, there is the problem of communicating hydrocephalus, which is extremely common in about 40% of patients. It can be discerned …

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