Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Parenting For Emotional Growth: Now In The Jdc, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi

Jefferson Digital Commons News

Parenting for Emotional Growth, a Textbook, Workshops and Curriculum for Students in Grades K Thru 12 is the result of a multi-disciplinary research project lead by Henri Parens, MD, a TJU Professor of Psychiatry. An intensive study of a group of mothers and their children over thirty-seven years lead to the development of these materials–designed for parents, caregivers, educators and mental health professionals– addressing how to optimize a child’s emotional development and health.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft Versus Allograft In Young Patients, Alfred W. Atanda, Daniel F. O'Brien, Matthew J. Kraeutler, Russell R. Flato, Matthew R. Salminen, Kevin Henrichsen, Patrick Kane, Christopher Dodson, Steven B. Cohen, Michael G. Ciccotti

Rothman Institute Papers

Objectives: Traditionally, bone-patella tendon-bone (BTB) autograft has been the gold standard graft choice for younger, athletic patients requiring ACL reconstruction. However, donor site morbidity, post-operative patella fracture, and increased operative time have led many surgeons to choose BTB allograft for their reconstructions. Opponents of allografts feel that slower healing time, higher rate of graft failure, and potential for disease transmission makes them undesirable graft choices in athletic patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes, both subjective and objective, of young patients that who have undergone either BTB autograft or allograft reconstructions with a minimum of …

Biological Response To Prosthetic Debris., Diana Bitar, Javad Parvizi

Rothman Institute Papers

Joint arthroplasty had revolutionized the outcome of orthopaedic surgery. Extensive and collaborative work of many innovator surgeons had led to the development of durable bearing surfaces, yet no single material is considered absolutely perfect. Generation of wear debris from any part of the prosthesis is unavoidable. Implant loosening secondary to osteolysis is the most common mode of failure of arthroplasty. Osteolysis is the resultant of complex contribution of the generated wear debris and the mechanical instability of the prosthetic components. Roughly speaking, all orthopedic biomaterials may induce a universal biologic host response to generated wear débris with little specific characteristics …

A Cost-Reducing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (Ecmo) Program Model: A Single Institution Experience., Nicholas C. Cavarocchi, S Wallace, E Y. Hong, A Tropea, J Byrne, Harrsion Pitcher, Hitoshi Hirose

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The worldwide demand for ECMO support has grown. Its provision remains limited due to several factors (high cost, complicated technology, lack of expertise) that increase healthcare cost. Our goal was to assess if an intensive care unit (ICU)-run ECMO model without continuous bedside perfusionists would decrease costs while maintaining patient safety and outcomes.

METHOD: A new ECMO program was implemented in 2010, consisting of dedicated ICU multidisciplinary providers (ICU-registered nurses, mid-level providers and intensivists). In year one, we introduced an education platform, new technology and dedicated space. In year two, continuous bedside monitoring by perfusionists was removed and new …

G Protein Βγ Subunits Regulate Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy Through A Perinuclear Golgi Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Hydrolysis Pathway., S Malik, R G Derubio, M Trembley, R Irannejad, Philip B Wedegaertner, A V Smrcka

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

We recently identified a novel GPCR-dependent pathway for regulation of cardiac hypertrophy that depends on Golgi phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) hydrolysis by a specific isoform of phospholipase C (PLC), PLCε, at the nuclear envelope. How stimuli are transmitted from cell surface GPCRs to activation of perinuclear PLCε is not clear. Here we tested the role of G protein βγ subunits. Gβγ inhibition blocked ET-1-stimulated Golgi PI4P depletion in neonatal and adult ventricular myocytes. Blocking Gβγ at the Golgi inhibited ET-1-dependent PI4P depletion and nuclear PKD activation. Translocation of Gβγ to the Golgi stimulated perinuclear Golgi PI4P depletion and nuclear PKD activation. …

Targeting Tumor-Initiating Cells: Eliminating Anabolic Cancer Stem Cells With Inhibitors Of Protein Synthesis Or By Mimicking Caloric Restriction., Rebecca Lamb, Hannah Harrison, Duncan L Smith, Paul A Townsend, Thomas Jackson, Bela Ozsvari, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Md, Richard Pestell, Anthony Howell, Michael P. Lisanti, Federica Sotgia

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

We have used an unbiased proteomic profiling strategy to identify new potential therapeutic targets in tumor-initiating cells (TICs), a.k.a., cancer stem cells (CSCs). Towards this end, the proteomes of mammospheres from two breast cancer cell lines were directly compared to attached monolayer cells. This allowed us to identify proteins that were highly over-expressed in CSCs and/or progenitor cells. We focused on ribosomal proteins and protein folding chaperones, since they were markedly over-expressed in mammospheres. Overall, we identified >80 molecules specifically associated with protein synthesis that were commonly upregulated in mammospheres. Most of these proteins were also transcriptionally upregulated in human …

Posterior Surgical Approach Procedures For Cervical Myelopathy, Pedro H.I. Pohl, Marcel Jun Tamaoki, Luciano M. Rodrigues, Kristen Radcliff, Takashi Yurube, James D. Kang, João Carlos Belloti

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: The main objective of this review is to assess the effects of laminectomy and fusion versus laminoplasty for multilevel cervical stenosis with myelopathy, on treatment outcomes such as pain, quality of life, functional and neurological improvement, and complication rates. © 2015 The Cochrane Collaboration.

Lymph Node But Not Intradermal Injection Site Macrophages Are Critical For Germinal Center Formation And Antibody Responses To Rabies Vaccination., Andrew G Lytle, Shixue Shen, James Mcgettigan

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

UNLABELLED: Replication-deficient rabies virus (RABV)-based vaccines induce rapid and potent antibody responses via T cell-independent and T cell-dependent mechanisms. To further investigate early events in vaccine-induced antibody responses against RABV infections, we studied the role of macrophages as mediators of RABV-based vaccine immunogenicity. In this report, we show that a recombinant matrix gene-deleted RABV-based vaccine (rRABV-ΔM) infects and activates primary murine macrophages in vitro. Immunization of mice with live RABV-based vaccines results in accumulation of macrophages at the site of immunization, which suggests that macrophages in tissues support the development of effective anti-RABV B cell responses. However, we show that …

State Law Mandates For Reporting Of Healthcare-Associated Clostridium Difficile Infections In Hospitals., Julie Reagan, Carolyn T A Herzig, Monika Pogorzelska-Maziarz, Andrew W Dick, Patricia W Stone, Jd Divya Srinath

Department of Nursing papers and presentations

US state and territorial laws were reviewed to identify Clostridium difficile infection reporting mandates. Twenty states require reporting either under state law or by incorporating federal Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' reporting requirements. Although state law mandates are more common, the incorporation of federal reporting requirements has been increasing.

Cosmetics For The Matrix: An Attractive New Style For Matrix Biology., Renato V. Iozzo, Thomas Neill

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Implementation Of Antimicrobial Stewardship Policies In U.S. Hospitals: Findings From A National Survey., Monika Pogorzelska-Maziarz, Carolyn T A Herzig, Elaine L Larson, E Yoko Furuya, Eli N Perencevich, Patricia W Stone

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of antimicrobial stewardship policies and to investigate factors associated with implementation in a national sample of acute care hospitals.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey.

PARTICIPANTS: Infection Control Directors from acute care hospitals participating in the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN).

METHODS: An online survey was conducted in the Fall of 2011. A subset of hospitals also provided access to their 2011 NHSN annual survey data.

RESULTS: Responses were received from 1,015 hospitals (30% response rate). The majority of hospitals (64%) reported the presence of a policy; use of antibiograms and antimicrobial restriction policies were most frequently utilized …

Emerging Drugs For Sickle Cell Anemia., Priya C Singh, Samir K. Ballas

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

INTRODUCTION: The search for effective therapeutic interventions for sickle cell disease (SCD) has been an ongoing endeavor for over 50 years. During this period, only hydroxyurea (HU), which received US FDA approval in February 1998, was identified as an effective therapeutic agent in preventing or ameliorating the frequency of vaso-occlusive crises, acute chest syndrome and the need for blood transfusion. Approximately 25% of patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA), however, do not respond to HU and some patients experiencing serious side effects of this chemotherapeutic agent. Nevertheless, the success of HU opened the sluice gates to identify other effective drug …

A Resource Planning Analysis Of District Hospital Surgical Services In The Democratic Republic Of The Congo., Melanie K. Sion, Md, Dheepa Rajan, Hyppolite Kalambay, Jean-Pierre Lokonga, Joseph Bulakali, Mathias Mossoko, Dieudonne Kwete, Gerard Schmets, Edward Kelley, Tarcisse Elongo, Luis Sambo, Meena Cherian

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The impact of surgical conditions on global health, particularly on vulnerable populations, is gaining recognition. However, only 3.5% of the 234.2 million cases per year of major surgery are performed in countries where the world's poorest third reside, such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

METHODS: Data on the availability of anesthesia and surgical services were gathered from 12 DRC district hospitals using the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Emergency and Essential Surgical Care Situation Analysis Tool. We complemented these data with an analysis of the costs of surgical services in a Congolese norms-based district hospital as well …

Radiation Therapy After Radical Prostatectomy For Prostate Cancer: Evaluation Of Complications And Influence Of Radiation Timing On Outcomes In A Large, Population-Based Cohort., Sarah E Hegarty, Terry Hyslop, Adam Dicker Md, Phd, Timothy Showalter Md

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of timing of salvage and adjuvant radiation therapy on outcomes after prostatectomy for prostate cancer.

METHODS: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked database, we identified prostate cancer patients diagnosed during 1995-2007 who had one or more adverse pathological features after prostatectomy. The final cohort of 6,137 eligible patients included men who received prostatectomy alone (n = 4,509) or with adjuvant (n = 894) or salvage (n = 734) radiation therapy. Primary outcomes were genitourinary, gastrointestinal, and erectile dysfunction events and survival after treatment(s).

RESULTS: Radiation therapy after prostatectomy was associated with higher rates …

Women At Jeff: New Oral Histories Posted To The Jdc, Kelsey Duinkerken, Msi

Jefferson Digital Commons News

The Archives and Special Collections is posting oral history interviews with some of the first women to attend Jefferson. The interviews explore how each woman became interested in the sciences or medicine, their time at Jefferson Medical College, and where their careers took them after graduate school.

Antibiotics For Cancer Therapy., Richard Pestell, Albert A Rizvanov

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Bilayer Button Graft For Endoscopic Repair Of High-Flow Cranial Base Defects, Chris Luminais, M. L. Otten, A. A. Farag, P. Soni, W. Mohiuddin, N. Ziegler, G. G. Nyquist, C. Farrell, M. R. Rosen, J. J. Evans

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Presentations and Grand Rounds

Closure of dural defects in trans-nasal, extended, endoscopic techniques remains a challenge, and published cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak rates are higher than rates for trans-cranial approaches. Development of a technique that used a vascularized, nasoseptal flap (NSF) significantly reduced the rate of CSF leak, and several groups have developed ways to buttress the NSF. A closure technique developed at our institution uses a bilayer “button” of fascia lata. The initial series of twenty patients repaired with this method from 2007 to July 1, 2009 were presented, with a CSF leak rate of 10% (Luginbuhl et al 2010).

Guiding Our Master Of Public Health (Mph) Program: The Value Of A Community Advisory Board, Rob Simmons Drph,Mph,Mches,Cph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Reflections And Projections: Prevention, Policy And Health, Drew Harris Dpm, Mph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

12th Annual Interclerkship Day: Improving Patient Safety

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Refugee Resettlement In Philadelphia: Medical And Community Partnerships, Morgan Leafe Md

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Bidirectional Global Health Education: The Rvcp-Jeff Health Exchange Program, Ellen J. Plumb Md, James D. Plumb Md, Mph, Komal S. Soin Md

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Jsph Hosts A Successful Gathering Of Future Leaders In Quality And Safety, Diana Huang

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Test-Enhanced Learning On Long-Term Retention In Aan Annual Meeting Courses., Douglas P Larsen, Andrew C Butler, Wint Y Aung, John R Corboy, Deborah I Friedman, Michael R Sperling

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: We measured the long-term retention of knowledge gained through selected American Academy of Neurology annual meeting courses and compared the effects of repeated quizzing (known as test-enhanced learning) and repeated studying on that retention.

METHODS: Participants were recruited from 4 annual meeting courses. All participants took a pretest. This randomized, controlled trial utilized a within-subjects design in which each participant experienced 3 different postcourse activities with each activity performed on different material. Each key information point from the course was randomized in a counterbalanced fashion among participants to one of the 3 activities: repeated short-answer quizzing, repeated studying, and …

Novel Actions Of Next-Generation Taxanes Benefit Advanced Stages Of Prostate Cancer., Renée De Leeuw, Lisa D. Berman-Booty, Matthew J. Schiewer, Stephen J Ciment, Robert Den, Adam P. Dicker, William Kelly, Edouard J. Trabulsi, Costas D. Lallas, Leonard G. Gomella, Karen E. Knudsen

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: To improve the outcomes of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), there is an urgent need for more effective therapies and approaches that individualize specific treatments for patients with CRPC. These studies compared the novel taxane cabazitaxel with the previous generation docetaxel, and aimed to determine which tumors are most likely to respond.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Cabazitaxel and docetaxel were compared via in vitro modeling to determine the molecular mechanism, biochemical and cell biologic impact, and cell proliferation, which was further assessed ex vivo in human tumor explants. Isogenic pairs of RB knockdown and control cells were interrogated in vitro …

Diversification Of Importin-Α Isoforms In Cellular Trafficking And Disease States., Ruth A. Pumroy, Gino Cingolani

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

The human genome encodes seven isoforms of importin α which are grouped into three subfamilies known as α1, α2 and α3. All isoforms share a fundamentally conserved architecture that consists of an N-terminal, autoinhibitory, importin-β-binding (IBB) domain and a C-terminal Arm (Armadillo)-core that associates with nuclear localization signal (NLS) cargoes. Despite striking similarity in amino acid sequence and 3D structure, importin-α isoforms display remarkable substrate specificity in vivo. In the present review, we look at key differences among importin-α isoforms and provide a comprehensive inventory of known viral and cellular cargoes that have been shown to associate preferentially with specific …

No Evidence Of A Drug-Drug Interaction Between Letermovir (Mk-8228) And Mycophenolate Mofetil, Wl Marshall, C. Badshah, F. Liu, Walter K. Kraft, Md, F. Colon-Gonzalez, A. Van Schanke, Cr. Cho, E. Hulskotte, Jr Butterton, Ee Marcantonio

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Introduction:

Letermovir (MK-8228) is a potent, oncedaily inhibitor of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) terminase complex that is being developed for the prophylaxis of CMV infection in transplant patients. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetic interactions, safety, and tolerability of letermovir when coadministered in healthy subjects with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), which is the morpholinoethyl ester prodrug of mycophenolic acid (MPA).

Methods:

This was an open-label trial in 14 healthy female subjects that explored the pharmacokinetic parameters of a single 1 g oral dose of MMF administered alone on Day 1 and coadministered on Day 12 with 480 mg oral once-daily letermovir given on …

Jefferson Faculty Books In The Jefferson Digital Commons, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi

Jefferson Digital Commons News

The Jefferson Digital Commons has a new series: Jefferson Faculty Books, a collection of recent works published by Thomas Jefferson University faculty.

Jefferson Faculty Books In The Jdc, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi

Jefferson Digital Commons News

The Jefferson Digital Commons has a new series: Jefferson Faculty Books, a collection of recent works published by Thomas Jefferson University faculty. This list will be updated as Jefferson authors continue to publish new titles. Each record includes a link to Amazon for those interested in purchase, as well as a WorldCat link to help researchers locate the closest library that owns a copy of the book.

The Significance Of Macrophage Polarization Subtypes For Animal Models Of Tissue Fibrosis And Human Fibrotic Diseases., Peter J. Wermuth, Sergio A. Jimenez

Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine Papers and Presentations

The systemic and organ-specific human fibrotic disorders collectively represent one of the most serious health problems world-wide causing a large proportion of the total world population mortality. The molecular pathways involved in their pathogenesis are complex and despite intensive investigations have not been fully elucidated. Whereas chronic inflammatory cell infiltration is universally present in fibrotic lesions, the central role of monocytes and macrophages as regulators of inflammation and fibrosis has only recently become apparent. However, the precise mechanisms involved in the contribution of monocytes/macrophages to the initiation, establishment, or progression of the fibrotic process remain largely unknown. Several monocyte and …