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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

A New Dimension To Offer, Ari August, Bs Apr 2023

A New Dimension To Offer, Ari August, Bs

inSIGHT

Technological advancements are crafted, fielded, and sold from the vantage point of benefit: How can this make my life better? The origins of three-dimensional (3D) technology are no different. 3D technology targets the mind’s ability to make sense of two different angles of an image, and therefore perceive depth. Earlier models, common in movie theaters and cereal box toys, utilized red and blue lenses to outwit one’s perception of a flat image and project it into 3D images, promising deeper immersive experiences and even “x-ray vision.” More recently, the capacity of 3D technology has expanded, as seen with the recent …


Post Covid-19 Condition: Understanding Implications For Ot Practice, Malachy Clancy, Phd, Otr/L, Bcpr Apr 2023

Post Covid-19 Condition: Understanding Implications For Ot Practice, Malachy Clancy, Phd, Otr/L, Bcpr

Department of Occupational Therapy Posters and Presentations

Learning Objectives

  • Define and describe Post COVID-19 Condition (PCC)
  • Apply recommended treatment interventions for individuals with PCC
  • Understand models of care for individuals with PCC



Covid-19 Related Biliary Injury: A Review Of Recent Literature, Sujani Yadlapati, Simone A. Jarrett, Daniel Baik, Adib Chaaya Apr 2023

Covid-19 Related Biliary Injury: A Review Of Recent Literature, Sujani Yadlapati, Simone A. Jarrett, Daniel Baik, Adib Chaaya

COVID-19 Papers, Posters, and Presentations

Since its emergence in 2019, it has become apparent that coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection can result in multi systemic involvement. In addition to pulmonary symptoms, hepatobiliary involvement has been widely reported. Extent of hepatic involvement ranges from minor elevation in liver function tests (LFTs) to significant hepatocellular or cholestatic injury. In majority of cases, resolution of hepatic injury or improvement in LFTs is noted as patients recover from COVID-19 infection. However, severe biliary tract injury progressing to liver failure has been reported in patients requiring prolonged intensive care unit stay or mechanical ventilation. Due to the timing of its presentation, …


Does Race, Ethnicity, And Insurance Status Predict Functional Outcomes In Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients?, Malachy Clancy, Phd, Otr/L, Bcpr Apr 2023

Does Race, Ethnicity, And Insurance Status Predict Functional Outcomes In Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients?, Malachy Clancy, Phd, Otr/L, Bcpr

Department of Occupational Therapy Posters and Presentations

Objectives

  1. Understand factors associated with functional improvements in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
  2. Describe the prevalence of functional disability in a cohort of hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19



Phase Ii Study Of Palbociclib (Pd-0332991) In Ccnd1, 2, Or 3 Amplification: Results From The Nci-Match Ecog-Acrin Trial (Eay131) Subprotocol Z1b, Amy S Clark, Fangxin Hong, Richard S Finn, Angela M Demichele, Edith P. Mitchell, James Zwiebel, Fernanda I Arnaldez, Robert J Gray, Victoria Wang, Lisa M Mcshane, Larry V Rubinstein, David Patton, P Mickey Williams, Stanley R Hamilton, Mehmet S Copur, Samer S Kasbari, Ravneet Thind, Barbara A Conley, Carlos L Arteaga, Peter J O'Dwyer, Lyndsay N Harris, Alice P Chen, Keith T Flaherty Apr 2023

Phase Ii Study Of Palbociclib (Pd-0332991) In Ccnd1, 2, Or 3 Amplification: Results From The Nci-Match Ecog-Acrin Trial (Eay131) Subprotocol Z1b, Amy S Clark, Fangxin Hong, Richard S Finn, Angela M Demichele, Edith P. Mitchell, James Zwiebel, Fernanda I Arnaldez, Robert J Gray, Victoria Wang, Lisa M Mcshane, Larry V Rubinstein, David Patton, P Mickey Williams, Stanley R Hamilton, Mehmet S Copur, Samer S Kasbari, Ravneet Thind, Barbara A Conley, Carlos L Arteaga, Peter J O'Dwyer, Lyndsay N Harris, Alice P Chen, Keith T Flaherty

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Purpose: Cyclin D/CDK4/6 is critical in controlling the G1 to S checkpoint. CCND, the gene encoding cyclin D, is known to be amplified in a variety of solid tumors. Palbociclib is an oral CDK4/6 inhibitor, approved in advanced breast cancer in combination with endocrine therapy. We explored the efficacy of palbociclib in patients with nonbreast solid tumors containing an amplification in CCND1, 2, or 3.

Patients and methods: Patients with tumors containing a CCND1, 2, or 3 amplification and expression of the retinoblastoma protein were assigned to subprotocol Z1B and received palbociclib 125 mg once daily for 21 days of …


Mechanisms Of Chromosomal Instability (Cin) Tolerance In Aggressive Tumors: Surviving The Genomic Chaos, Brittiny Dhital, Veronica Rodriguez-Bravo Apr 2023

Mechanisms Of Chromosomal Instability (Cin) Tolerance In Aggressive Tumors: Surviving The Genomic Chaos, Brittiny Dhital, Veronica Rodriguez-Bravo

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a pervasive feature of human cancers involved in tumor initiation and progression and which is found elevated in metastatic stages. CIN can provide survival and adaptation advantages to human cancers. However, too much of a good thing may come at a high cost for tumor cells as excessive degree of CIN-induced chromosomal aberrations can be detrimental for cancer cell survival and proliferation. Thus, aggressive tumors adapt to cope with ongoing CIN and most likely develop unique susceptibilities that can be their Achilles' heel. Determining the differences between the tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing effects of CIN at the …


Intraocular Lens Tilt Due To Optic-Haptic Junction Distortion Following Intrascleral Haptic Fixation With The Yamane Technique, Jordan P. Safran, Steven G. Safran Apr 2023

Intraocular Lens Tilt Due To Optic-Haptic Junction Distortion Following Intrascleral Haptic Fixation With The Yamane Technique, Jordan P. Safran, Steven G. Safran

SKMC Student Presentations and Publications

Purpose: To report two patients with a complication of Yamane intrascleral haptic fixation surgery (ISHF) with the Zeiss CT Lucia 602 lens: severely tilted intraocular lens (IOL) leading to significantly decreased vision in the early post-operative period.

Observations: We report two patients presenting with severely tilted IOL implants one day and one month following Yamane ISHF. The first patient is a monocular 81-year-old woman referred for treatment of cornea edema. Initial surgery involved replacement of an anterior chamber lens with a CT Lucia 602 posterior chamber lens using Yamane technique and Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty. The patient returned at one …


Differences In The Academic Attributes Of Matched And Unmatched Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Applicants Are Narrowing, Suleiman Y. Sudah, Nareena Imam, Francis Sirch, Allen D. Nicholson, Surena Namdari, Mariano E. Menendez Apr 2023

Differences In The Academic Attributes Of Matched And Unmatched Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Applicants Are Narrowing, Suleiman Y. Sudah, Nareena Imam, Francis Sirch, Allen D. Nicholson, Surena Namdari, Mariano E. Menendez

Rothman Institute Papers

Background: Orthopaedic surgery remains one of the most competitive residency specialties, with the number of applicants outpacing the availability of residency positions each year. The purpose of this study was to analyze present-day orthopaedic surgery match data, identify differences between matched and unmatched applicants, and compare our findings to previous trends.

Methods: Applicant data from the National Resident Matching Program from 2016 to 2022 were analyzed. The number of matched and unmatched US allopathic senior orthopaedic applicants relative to the number of available positions was used to determine respective match rates. Performance metrics and applicant characteristics were compared by match …


The Prescription Drug Monitoring Program In A Multifactorial Approach To The Opioid Crisis: Pdmp Data, Pennsylvania, 2016–2020, Jenna R. Adalbert, Amit Syal, Karan Varshney, Brandon George, Jeffrey Hom, Asif M. Ilyas Apr 2023

The Prescription Drug Monitoring Program In A Multifactorial Approach To The Opioid Crisis: Pdmp Data, Pennsylvania, 2016–2020, Jenna R. Adalbert, Amit Syal, Karan Varshney, Brandon George, Jeffrey Hom, Asif M. Ilyas

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Background: Prescription opioids remain an important contributor to the United States opioid crisis and to the development of opioid use disorder for opioid-naïve individuals. Recent legislative actions, such as the implementation of state prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs), aim to reduce opioid morbidity and mortality through enhanced tracking and reporting of prescription data. The primary objective of our study was to describe the opioid prescribing trends in the state of Pennsylvania (PA) as recorded by the PA PDMP following legislative changes in reporting guidelines, and discuss the PDMP's role in a multifactorial approach to opioid harm reduction.

Methods: State-level opioid …


Experiential Exposure As The Key To Recruiting Medical Students Into Pathology, Ashley M. Holloman, Mary P. Berg, Bronwyn Bryant, Lisa Ross Dixson, Melissa R. George, Julie Katz Karp, Barbara E.C. Knollmann-Ritschel, Victor Gerardo Prieto, Charles F. Timmons, John Michael Childs, Amanda Lofgreen, Kristen Johnson, Cindy B. Mccloskey Apr 2023

Experiential Exposure As The Key To Recruiting Medical Students Into Pathology, Ashley M. Holloman, Mary P. Berg, Bronwyn Bryant, Lisa Ross Dixson, Melissa R. George, Julie Katz Karp, Barbara E.C. Knollmann-Ritschel, Victor Gerardo Prieto, Charles F. Timmons, John Michael Childs, Amanda Lofgreen, Kristen Johnson, Cindy B. Mccloskey

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Medical student interest and pursuit of a career in pathology have been steadily declining since 2015. We conducted three separate surveys of medical students to better understand these trends. In our first survey, we focused on assessing U.S. allopathic medical students understanding and perceptions of pathology. We later surveyed U.S. osteopathic medical students as a companion to the allopathic medical student survey, in which many similarities were discovered with some key differences. In our final survey, we specifically looked at curriculum differences between the U.S. allopathic medical schools that graduate the most students who enter pathology training programs (Group 1) …


How Influential Are Medical School Curriculum And Other Medical School Characteristics In Students’ Selecting Pathology As A Specialty?, Cindy B. Mccloskey, Mark Brissette, John Michael Childs, Amanda Lofgreen, Kristen Johnson, Melissa R. George, Ashley M. Holloman, Bronwyn Bryant, Mary P. Berg, Lisa Ross Dixon, Julie Katz Karp, Barbara E.C. Knollmann-Ritschel, Victor Gerardo Prieto, Charles F. Timmons, Robert D. Hoffman Apr 2023

How Influential Are Medical School Curriculum And Other Medical School Characteristics In Students’ Selecting Pathology As A Specialty?, Cindy B. Mccloskey, Mark Brissette, John Michael Childs, Amanda Lofgreen, Kristen Johnson, Melissa R. George, Ashley M. Holloman, Bronwyn Bryant, Mary P. Berg, Lisa Ross Dixon, Julie Katz Karp, Barbara E.C. Knollmann-Ritschel, Victor Gerardo Prieto, Charles F. Timmons, Robert D. Hoffman

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

There has been a significant decline in the number of United States allopathic medical students matching to pathology residency programs. Data acquired from the American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC) show sustained variation in the medical school production of students who go on to pathology residency. When divided into groups based on the medical school's historical volume of graduates entering pathology, the schools in groups labeled Group 1 and Group 2 produced significantly higher and lower proportions of pathology residents, respectively. This study aimed to identify what medical school curriculum elements and other medical school characteristics might explain the differences …


Blood Pressure Surge With Alarm Is Reduced After Exercise And Diet Intervention In Firefighters, Deborah L Feairheller, Macie Smith, Megan Carty, Emily H Reeve Apr 2023

Blood Pressure Surge With Alarm Is Reduced After Exercise And Diet Intervention In Firefighters, Deborah L Feairheller, Macie Smith, Megan Carty, Emily H Reeve

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Cardiac-related incidents are a public health concern for tactical occupations, and cardiovascular disease rates are higher in these populations compared with civilians. Research is needed to examine blood pressure (BP) responses in firefighters. The pager alert is one occupational hazard, and it is unknown if lifestyle change can reduce the systolic surge response.

PURPOSE: To measure BP surge with alarm in firefighters to determine whether the magnitude is lower after a 6-week tactical exercise and Mediterranean-diet intervention.

METHODS: SBP and DBP and BP surge levels, circulating markers, vascular health, and fitness were analyzed. BP surge with alarm was captured …


Use Of Integrative, Complementary, And Alternative Medicine In Children With Epilepsy: A Global Scoping Review, Zahra Zhu, Daniela Dluzynski, Nouran Hammad, Deepika Pugalenthi, Sarah A. Walser, Rea Mittal, Debopam Samanta, Melanie L. Brown, Ali A. Asadi-Pooya, Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige, Alberto Spalice, Martina Capponi, Alain Lekoubou, Ashutosh Kumar, Sita Paudel, Paul R. Carney, Gayatra Mainali, Sunil Naik Apr 2023

Use Of Integrative, Complementary, And Alternative Medicine In Children With Epilepsy: A Global Scoping Review, Zahra Zhu, Daniela Dluzynski, Nouran Hammad, Deepika Pugalenthi, Sarah A. Walser, Rea Mittal, Debopam Samanta, Melanie L. Brown, Ali A. Asadi-Pooya, Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige, Alberto Spalice, Martina Capponi, Alain Lekoubou, Ashutosh Kumar, Sita Paudel, Paul R. Carney, Gayatra Mainali, Sunil Naik

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

(1) Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological disorders in childhood. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is highly prevalent in patients with epilepsy. Despite CAM’s widespread and increasing popularity, its prevalence, forms, perceived benefits, and potential risks in pediatric epilepsy are rarely explored. (2) Methods: We performed a scoping review of the available literature on the use of CAM in pediatric epilepsy. (3) Results: Overall, global cross-sectional studies showed a variable degree of CAM usage among children with epilepsy, ranging from 13 to 44% in prevalence. Popular types of CAMs reported were supplements, cannabis products, aromatherapy, …


A Scoping Review Of Microwave Ablation Versus Partial Nephrectomy For Treatment Of Renal Cell Carcinoma, Benjamin Odumah Apr 2023

A Scoping Review Of Microwave Ablation Versus Partial Nephrectomy For Treatment Of Renal Cell Carcinoma, Benjamin Odumah

Master of Science in Applied Health Economics and Outcomes Research Capstone Presentations

Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) make up 80 to 85% of primary renal neoplasms. Over 90% are low grade and slow growing with low probability of metastasis. Advantages of percutaneous techniques including microwave ablation (MWA) over surgical approach such as partial nephrectomy (PN), including cost effectiveness, minimally invasive, better renal preservation rates, lower procedure-related morbidity, and reduced hospitalization time make the case compelling. The major limitations for MWA are lack of prospective RCT or long-term follow-up data. The objective of this capstone was to conduct a scoping review on MWA versus PN regarding oncologic, perioperative, and functional outcomes in the treatment …


Predictors And Characteristics Of Rib Fracture Following Sbrt For Lung Tumors, Michael P. Carducci, Baskaran Sundaram, Benjamin Greenberger, Maria Werner-Wasik, Gregory C. Kane Apr 2023

Predictors And Characteristics Of Rib Fracture Following Sbrt For Lung Tumors, Michael P. Carducci, Baskaran Sundaram, Benjamin Greenberger, Maria Werner-Wasik, Gregory C. Kane

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

Background: The utilization of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is increasing for primary and secondary lung neoplasms. Despite encouraging results, SBRT is associated with an increased risk of osteoradionecrosis-induced rib fracture. We aimed to (1) evaluate potential clinical, demographic, and procedure-related risk factors for rib fractures and (2) describe the radiographic features of post-SBRT rib fractures.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 106 patients who received SBRT between 2015 and 2018 for a primary or metastatic lung tumor with at least 12 months of follow up. Exclusion criteria were incomplete records, previous ipsilateral thoracic radiation, or relevant prior trauma. Computed tomography (CT) …


A Working Taxonomy For Describing The Sensory Differences Of Autism, Jason L He, Zachary J Williams, Ashley Harris, Helen Powell, Roseann C. Schaaf, Teresa Tavassoli, Nicolaas A J Puts Apr 2023

A Working Taxonomy For Describing The Sensory Differences Of Autism, Jason L He, Zachary J Williams, Ashley Harris, Helen Powell, Roseann C. Schaaf, Teresa Tavassoli, Nicolaas A J Puts

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Background: Individuals on the autism spectrum have been long described to process sensory information differently than neurotypical individuals. While much effort has been leveraged towards characterizing and investigating the neurobiology underlying the sensory differences of autism, there has been a notable lack of consistency in the terms being used to describe the nature of those differences.

Main body: We argue that inconsistent and interchangeable terminology-use when describing the sensory differences of autism has become problematic beyond mere pedantry and inconvenience. We begin by highlighting popular terms that are currently being used to describe the sensory differences of autism (e.g. "sensitivity", …


A Rare Metastatic Mesenteric Malignant Pecoma With Tsc2 Mutation Treated With Palliative Surgical Resection And Nab-Sirolimus: A Case Report, Luke Meredith, Timothy Chao, Avinoam Nevler, Atrayee Basu Mallick, Rajan Singla, Peter Mccue, Wilbur Bowne, Wei Jiang, Md, Phd Apr 2023

A Rare Metastatic Mesenteric Malignant Pecoma With Tsc2 Mutation Treated With Palliative Surgical Resection And Nab-Sirolimus: A Case Report, Luke Meredith, Timothy Chao, Avinoam Nevler, Atrayee Basu Mallick, Rajan Singla, Peter Mccue, Wilbur Bowne, Wei Jiang, Md, Phd

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are exceedingly rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasms with characteristic morphological and immunohistochemical (IHC) patterns. However, some malignant PEComas are poorly differentiated with atypical histopathological features, making a definitive diagnosis difficult. PEComas are most commonly found in females and often show either TSC1 or TSC2 alterations, which result in the activation of the mTOR pathway, or TFE3 fusions. Given these molecular characteristics, mTOR inhibitors have recently been approved by the FDA in the treatment of malignant PEComas, particularly in those with TSC1/2 alterations. Therefore, molecular analyses may be helpful for both the diagnostic workup of …


Comprehensive Review Of Acute Pancreatitis Pain Syndrome, Jacob Beiriger, Adnan Khan, Brian Yan, Heather Ross, Makala Wang, Michael Carducci, Natali Salinas, Salil Chowdhury, Ryan Erwin, Sarah Chen, Alexis Gerber Apr 2023

Comprehensive Review Of Acute Pancreatitis Pain Syndrome, Jacob Beiriger, Adnan Khan, Brian Yan, Heather Ross, Makala Wang, Michael Carducci, Natali Salinas, Salil Chowdhury, Ryan Erwin, Sarah Chen, Alexis Gerber

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

Pancreatitis is a condition that causes inflammation in the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. This condition often presents as neuropathic, inflammatory, and/or visceral pain. Acute pancreatitis is typically characterized by sudden and severe abdominal pain, often in the upper right part of the abdomen. The pain from pancreatitis can be caused by different mechanisms, such as abnormal activation of pancreatic zymogens or NF-κB mediated inflammation in the pancreas. The treatment of pancreatitis depends on its type, severity, and underlying cause. Hospitalization and medications are typically necessary, while in others, surgery may be required. Proper management of pancreatitis is …


Scar Formation In The Presence Of Mitomycin C And The Anti-Fibrotic Antibody In A Rabbit Model Of Glaucoma Microsurgery: A Pilot Study, Aakriti Garg Shukla, Tatyana Milman, Jolanta Fertala, Andrzej Steplewski, Andrzej Fertala Apr 2023

Scar Formation In The Presence Of Mitomycin C And The Anti-Fibrotic Antibody In A Rabbit Model Of Glaucoma Microsurgery: A Pilot Study, Aakriti Garg Shukla, Tatyana Milman, Jolanta Fertala, Andrzej Steplewski, Andrzej Fertala

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of a rationally engineered antibody that directly blocks collagen fibrillogenesis to reduce scar tissue formation associated with subconjunctival glaucoma surgery.

Material and methods: Fourteen eyes of 7 adult rabbits underwent glaucoma filtering surgery using XEN 45 Gel Stent. The rabbits’ eyes were divided randomly into three treatment groups: (i) treated with the antibody, (ii) treated with mitomycin C, and (iii) treated with the antibody and mitomycin C. Following surgeries, the intraocular pressure and bleb appearance were evaluated in vivo. The rabbits were sacrificed 8 weeks after the surgery, and their eyes were …


Facile Green Synthesis Of Cinnamomum Tamala Extract Capped Silver Nanoparticles And Its Biological Applications, Sajina Narath, S. Sharath Shankar, Saranya Kothaplamoottil Sivan, Bini George, T. Dennis Thomas, Sankarannair Sabarinath, Sajithkumar K. Jayaprakash, Stanisław Wacławek, Vinod V.T. Padil Apr 2023

Facile Green Synthesis Of Cinnamomum Tamala Extract Capped Silver Nanoparticles And Its Biological Applications, Sajina Narath, S. Sharath Shankar, Saranya Kothaplamoottil Sivan, Bini George, T. Dennis Thomas, Sankarannair Sabarinath, Sajithkumar K. Jayaprakash, Stanisław Wacławek, Vinod V.T. Padil

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The plant mediated biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles is of magnificent concern due to its eco-benign and single pot nature. Here, Cinnamomum tamala (C. tamala) aqueous leaf extract was utilised for the silver nanoparticles’ (Ag NPs) synthesis. The phytoconstituents in the leaf extract were analysed by standard methods. These metabolites, especially carbohydrate polymers reduce Ag ions to Ag NPs accompanied by a reddish-brown coloration of the reaction mixture. The visual observation of intense brown colour is the first indication of the formation of Ag NPs. Various spectro-analytical techniques further characterise the Ag NPs. The green synthesised spherical Ag NPs were crystalline …


Prevention Of Surgical Site Infection: A Ten-Step Approach, Saad Tarabichi, Javad Parvizi Apr 2023

Prevention Of Surgical Site Infection: A Ten-Step Approach, Saad Tarabichi, Javad Parvizi

Rothman Institute Papers

Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing surgery. Similarly, periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), is a major cause of failure after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). As the annual volume of TJA procedures is projected to rise, so will the rate of subsequent SSI and PJI. Currently, prevention has been identified as the single most important strategy for combating SSI/PJI. Hence, the present article will serve as a summary of an evidence-based ten-step approach for SSI/PJI prevention that may help orthopedic surgeons with their infection prevention strategies.


Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Antibiotic Synergy In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilms Is Mediated Via Oxidative Stress Response, Jordanne-Amee Maybin, Thomas P. Thompson, Padrig B. Flynn, Timofey Skvortsov, Noreen J. Hickok, Theresa A. Freeman, Brendan F. Gilmore Apr 2023

Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Antibiotic Synergy In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilms Is Mediated Via Oxidative Stress Response, Jordanne-Amee Maybin, Thomas P. Thompson, Padrig B. Flynn, Timofey Skvortsov, Noreen J. Hickok, Theresa A. Freeman, Brendan F. Gilmore

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) has emerged as a potential alternative or adjuvant to conventional antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infections, including those caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The potential of sub-lethal CAP exposures to synergise conventional antimicrobials for the eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms is investigated in this study. The efficacy of antimicrobials following or in the absence of sub-lethal CAP pre-treatment in P. aeruginosa biofilms was assessed. CAP pre-treatment resulted in an increase in both planktonic and biofilm antimicrobial sensitivity for all three strains tested (PAO1, PA14, and PA10548), with both minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum biofilm eradication …


Measuring The Effect Of A Poverty Simulation On Cultivating Empathy In Healthcare Professions Students, H. Alex Hoyen Apr 2023

Measuring The Effect Of A Poverty Simulation On Cultivating Empathy In Healthcare Professions Students, H. Alex Hoyen

Master of Science in Population Health Capstone Presentations

Introduction: Poverty is generally defined on a fiscal metric despite the fact that it disrupts every facet of a patient’s life. The United Nations (UN) recently published its campaign focused on Ending Poverty. In this publication, the UN describes poverty as “entailing more than the lack of income and productive resources to ensure sustainable livelihoods.” The manifestations include hunger, safe housing, transportation, education, and social discrimination. To fully appreciate the effects of conditions such as poverty requires a deeper understanding of the complex social environment that impoverished individuals are forced to navigate. Poverty simulations are one practice to provide a …


Incidence Of Cutaneous Melanoma And Merkel Cell Carcinoma In Patients With Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphomas: A Population Study Of The Seer Registry, Lauren Banner, Daniel Joffe, Emily Lee, Pierluigi Porcu, Neda Nikbakht Apr 2023

Incidence Of Cutaneous Melanoma And Merkel Cell Carcinoma In Patients With Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphomas: A Population Study Of The Seer Registry, Lauren Banner, Daniel Joffe, Emily Lee, Pierluigi Porcu, Neda Nikbakht

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Introduction: The increased incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CM) and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) in patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) is well established. While the risk of CM has been assessed in some subtypes of HM including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, the incidence in patients with primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) has not been interrogated.

Methods: Here we evaluated the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of CM and MCC in 5,179 PCBCL patients compared to approximately 1.5 billion individuals in the general population using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Among patients with PCBCL, we identified subgroups that were at increased …


The Impact Of Gamma Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (Tacs) On Cognitive And Memory Processes In Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment Or Alzheimer’S Disease: A Literature Review, N.R. Nissim, D.V.H. Pham, T. Poddar, E. Blutt, R.H. Hamilton Apr 2023

The Impact Of Gamma Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (Tacs) On Cognitive And Memory Processes In Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment Or Alzheimer’S Disease: A Literature Review, N.R. Nissim, D.V.H. Pham, T. Poddar, E. Blutt, R.H. Hamilton

Moss-Magee Rehabilitation Papers

BACKGROUND: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS)-a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that modulates cortical oscillations through entrainment-has been demonstrated to alter oscillatory activity and enhance cognition in healthy adults. TACS is being explored as a tool to improve cognition and memory in patient populations with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

OBJECTIVE: To review the growing body of literature and current findings obtained from the application of tACS in patients with MCI or AD, highlighting the effects of gamma tACS on brain function, memory, and cognition. Evidence on the use of brain stimulation in animal models of AD is …


Parp Inhibitors For The Treatment Of Brca1/2-Mutated Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ranju Kunwor, Daniel P. Silver, Maysa Abu-Khalaf Apr 2023

Parp Inhibitors For The Treatment Of Brca1/2-Mutated Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ranju Kunwor, Daniel P. Silver, Maysa Abu-Khalaf

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The PARP inhibitors (PARPis) olaparib and talazoparib are currently approved for the treatment of deleterious germline BRCA1/2-mutated (gBRCA+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). These approvals were based on improvements in progression-free survival (PFS) observed in two randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Other PARPis, such as veliparib and niraparib, have also been studied. We conducted this meta-analysis of RCTs to assess the PFS and overall survival (OS) benefits of PARPis in gBRCA + MBC.

METHODS: We performed a systematic search for RCTs using the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases up to March 2021. Only phase II and III …


Transcriptomic Changes Predict Metabolic Alterations In Lc3 Associated Phagocytosis In Aged Mice, Anuradha Dhingra, John W. Tobias, Nancy J. Philp, Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia Apr 2023

Transcriptomic Changes Predict Metabolic Alterations In Lc3 Associated Phagocytosis In Aged Mice, Anuradha Dhingra, John W. Tobias, Nancy J. Philp, Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

LC3b (Map1lc3b) plays an essential role in canonical autophagy and is one of several components of the autophagy machinery that mediates non-canonical autophagic functions. Phagosomes are often associated with lipidated LC3b to promote phagosome maturation in a process called LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP). Specialized phagocytes, such as mammary epithelial cells, retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, and sertoli cells, utilize LAP for optimal degradation of phagocytosed material, including debris. In the visual system, LAP is critical to maintain retinal function, lipid homeostasis, and neuroprotection. In a mouse model of retinal lipid steatosis-mice lacking LC3b (LC3b−/−), we observed increased lipid deposition, metabolic dysregulation, …


Identification Of The Vibrational Optical Coherence Tomography Corneal Cellular Peak, Nathalie D. Daher, Ahmed Saeed Saad, Hiram J. Jimenez, Tatyana Milman, Orlando G. Gonzalez-Martinez, Tanmay S. Deshmukh, Jose S. Pulido, Frederick H. Silver, Dominick A. Benedetto, Christopher J. Rapuano, Zeba A. Syed Apr 2023

Identification Of The Vibrational Optical Coherence Tomography Corneal Cellular Peak, Nathalie D. Daher, Ahmed Saeed Saad, Hiram J. Jimenez, Tatyana Milman, Orlando G. Gonzalez-Martinez, Tanmay S. Deshmukh, Jose S. Pulido, Frederick H. Silver, Dominick A. Benedetto, Christopher J. Rapuano, Zeba A. Syed

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Purpose: Our team previously identified the presence of five corneal resonant frequency (RF) peaks in healthy volunteers using vibrational optical coherence tomography (VOCT). Prior studies have suggested that the ≤100 Hz RF peak represents the cellular element of tissue. The aim of this study was to confirm that this peak reflects the human corneal cellular component using VOCT and histological analysis.

Methods: Two human research globes were obtained from the same donor, and VOCT measurements were collected from the full-thickness corneas. A microkeratome was then used to create serial-free corneal caps from each cornea, with VOCT performed on the residual …


Alopecia In Patients With Collagen Vi-Related Myopathies: A Novel/Unrecognized Scalp Phenotype, Michela Starace, Francesca Pampaloni, Francesca Bruni, Federico Quadrelli, Stephano Cedirian, Carlotta Baraldi, Cosimo Misciali, Alberto Di Martino, Patrizia Sabatelli, Luciano Merlini, Bianca Maria Piraccini Apr 2023

Alopecia In Patients With Collagen Vi-Related Myopathies: A Novel/Unrecognized Scalp Phenotype, Michela Starace, Francesca Pampaloni, Francesca Bruni, Federico Quadrelli, Stephano Cedirian, Carlotta Baraldi, Cosimo Misciali, Alberto Di Martino, Patrizia Sabatelli, Luciano Merlini, Bianca Maria Piraccini

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Collagen VI-related myopathies are characterized by severe muscle involvement and skin involvement (keratosis pilaris and impaired healing with the development of abnormal scars, especially keloids). Scalp involvement and hair loss have not been reported among cutaneous changes associated with collagen VI mutations. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical, trichoscopic, and histological findings of the scalp changes in patients affected by COL VI mutations and to estimate their prevalence. Patients with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy were enrolled and underwent clinical and trichoscopic examinations and a scalp biopsy for histopathology. Five patients were enrolled, and all complained of …


Strategies To Prevent Clostridioides Difficile Infections In Acute-Care Hospitals: 2022 Update, Larry K Kociolek, Dale N Gerding, Ruth Carrico, Philip Carling, Curtis J Donskey, Ghinwa Dumyati, David T Kuhar, Vivian G Loo, Lisa L Maragakis, Monika Pogorzelska-Maziarz, Thomas J Sandora, David J Weber, Deborah Yokoe, Erik R Dubberke Apr 2023

Strategies To Prevent Clostridioides Difficile Infections In Acute-Care Hospitals: 2022 Update, Larry K Kociolek, Dale N Gerding, Ruth Carrico, Philip Carling, Curtis J Donskey, Ghinwa Dumyati, David T Kuhar, Vivian G Loo, Lisa L Maragakis, Monika Pogorzelska-Maziarz, Thomas J Sandora, David J Weber, Deborah Yokoe, Erik R Dubberke

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

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