Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Microfluidic-Assisted Fabrication Of Reverse Micelle/Plga Hybrid Microspheres For Sustained Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Delivery, Meisam Omidi, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

In this study, poly (d, l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) composite microspheres containing anhydrous reverse micelle (R.M.) dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) nanoparticles loaded vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were produced using microfluidic platforms. The VEGF-loaded R.M. nanoparticles (VRM) were achieved by initial self-assembly and subsequent lipid inversion of the DPPC vesicles. The fabricated VRMs were encapsulated into the PLGA matrix by flow-focusing geometry microfluidic platforms. The encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release profile, and the bioactivity of the produced composite microspheres were investigated. The release study showed that VEGF was slowly released from the PLGA composite microspheres over 28 days with a reduced initial burst (18 …

Using Electronic Data And A Mixed-Methods Approach To Evaluate Short Peripheral Catheter Outcomes In Acute Care, Aimee A. Woda, Cailin Ford, Kelsey Meise, Maharaj Singh, Mary Hook

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Short peripheral catheters (SPCs) are commonly used in hospitals, guided by evidence-based standards to optimize dwell time and limit adverse outcomes. Although SPC insertions are common, real-world evaluation is rare. A theory-based framework and mixed-methods design were used to analyze findings from a unit-level survey and electronic data to evaluate SPC care delivered on units at a large quaternary medical center over a 6-month period (quarters 1 and 2, 2017). Dissemination without adoption and maintenance may limit effectiveness. The convergent results confirmed the feasibility of extracting electronic data to be used by leaders to clinically evaluate staff knowledge and use …

Using A Four-Phased Process When Implementing A Multisite Simulation Study, Aimee A. Woda, Kristina Dreifuerst, Jamie Hansen

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Multisite simulation studies are critical in nursing research as they allow researchers to obtain larger sample sizes, however, many components need to be addressed to ensure adequate compliance with research protocols. Multisite studies are important in research as they help promote generalizability. Many components go into successfully conducting multisite simulation studies. The purpose of this paper is to describe how the four-phase process of planning, project development, study execution, and dissemination of study findings were contributed to the success of this multisite simulation study. Locating sites that met inclusion criteria, keeping consistent communication with all sites, and ensuring that participants …

Prediction Of Throwing Distance In The Men’S And Women’S Javelin Final At The 2017 Iaaf World Championships, John Krzyszkowski, Kristof Kipp

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to use regularised regression models to identify the most important biomechanical predictors of throwing distance in elite male (M) and female (F) javelin throwers at the 2017 IAAF world championships. Biomechanical data from 13 male and 12 female javelin throwers who competed at the 2017 IAAF world championships were obtained from an official scientific IAAF report. Regularised regression models were used to investigate the associations between throwing distance and release parameters, whole-body kinematic and joint-level kinematic data. The regularised regression models identified two biomechanical predictors of throwing distances in both M and F javelin …

Electroencephalography Resting-State Networks In People With Stroke, Dylan B. Snyder, Brian D. Schmit, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Scott A. Beardsley

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to characterize resting-state cortical networks in chronic stroke survivors using electroencephalography (EEG).

Methods

Electroencephalography data were collected from 14 chronic stroke and 11 neurologically intact participants while they were in a relaxed, resting state. EEG power was normalized to reduce bias and used as an indicator of network activity. Correlations of orthogonalized EEG activity were used as a measure of functional connectivity between cortical regions.

Results

We found reduced cortical activity and connectivity in the alpha (p < .05; p = .05) and beta (p < .05; p = .03) bands after stroke while connectivity …

Risk Of Atrial Fibrillation And Stroke After Bariatric Surgery In Patients With Morbid Obesity With Or Without Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Ahmed Dalmar, Maharaj Singh, Zoe Heis, Tabitha L. Cumpian, Cheryl Ceretto, M. Eyman Mortada, Atul Bhatia, Imran Niazi, Thomas Y. Chua, Jasbir Sra, Arshad Jahangir

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background and Purpose:

Weight loss in morbidly obese patients reduces atrial fibrillation (AF); however, it is unknown whether similar benefits are maintained in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We sought to determine whether incident AF and stroke rates are affected by OSA after weight loss and to identify predictors of AF and stroke.

Methods:

Differences in laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding–induced weight loss on incident AF and stroke events in those with and without OSA in the entire and in propensity-matched cohorts were determined longitudinally, and independent predictors of AF and stroke were identified.

Results:

Of 827 morbidly obese patients …

Outcomes Of Nonsurgical Root Canal Therapy Completed In Children Aged 6-13 Years, Lauren M. Loney

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Tooth survival following non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) in adult populations has been documented as high as 97%. However, to our knowledge, no studies have examined tooth survival following NSRCT in children. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term outcomes of non-surgical root canal treatment in children aged 6-13 years provided by both endodontists and other providers.Methods & Materials: Insurance claims from the Delta Dental of Wisconsin Insurance database of 4927 anterior and molar NSRCT completed in children aged 6-13 years from the years 2002-2014 were analyzed. The teeth were followed during continuous insurance eligibility from …

Root-End Surgery Or Nonsurgical Retreatment: Are There Differences In Long Term Outcome?, Enida Haxhia

Master's Theses (2009 -)

INTRODUCTION: The decision of which modality of secondary endodontic treatment to perform is multifactorial and clinician dependent. Literature surrounding the long-term survival of nonsurgical retreatment compared to root-end surgery remain equivocal and warrant further investigation. This 7-year retrospective study seeks to compare the outcome of nonsurgical retreatments with that of root-end surgeries performed on teeth without prior nonsurgical retreatments. METHODS: Insurance claims from 1021 teeth of 987 patients in the Delta Dental of Wisconsin database were analyzed from the years 2008–2017. Tooth survival was evaluated using Cox regression models and p-value was set at 0.05. Survival time was considered from …

The Influence Of The Operator Experience On The Accuracy Of Implant Placement: An In Vitro Study, Jeffrey Garcia

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of operator experience in the fully guided placement of implants in dentate patients. Methods: Three different providers with different level of experience in implant surgery (unexperienced, moderate experienced = 2 years of experience, and experienced = more than 5 years of experience in implant surgery) placed each n=20 implants fully guided or free hand in identical replicas, produced from a CBCT of a partially edentulous patient case. The achieved implant position was digitized by using a laboratory scanner and compared with the planned position. Trueness (planned versus actual position) …

The Incidence Of Root Canal Therapy Or Extraction After Orthodontic Treatment: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study, Thomas Korte

Master's Theses (2009 -)

INTRODUCTION: The impact of orthodontic treatment on anterior teeth specifically in relation to root canal therapy and extraction has not been previously described. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of root canal therapy and extraction after orthodontic treatment in the anterior permanent dentition.Methods: We analyzed insurance claims and enrollment data for individuals enrolled with Delta Dental of Wisconsin from 2008 to 2017. A total of 63,720 teeth from 5310 patients who had Delta Dental insurance at age 10 were included in the study. The Cox Regression model was used to analyze the effect of the …

Correction Of Excessive Gingival Display: Lip Repositioning With/Without Myotomy, Austin Michael Dodge

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Background: Lip repositioning (LR) is a conservative and reversible surgical method for correcting excessive gingival display (EGD). Purpose: The study aims to compare two LR techniques. The objectives include 1) comparing the amount of gingival display reduction (GDR) after LR without (Group 1) and with (Group 2) myotomy, stratified in accordance with the etiology of the EGD 2) Comparing the gingival display rebound (GDRB) 3) compare subject satisfaction and morbidity. Methods: After obtaining IRB approval, 20 human subjects with EGD (measured apical to the CEJ of #9) were randomly allocated for surgery without and with myotomy. Pre-operative, diagnostic information were …

Shear Bond Strength Characteristics On Surface Treatment Modalities Of Cad-Cam Resin Based Core Materials, Nikita Sinha

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Innovations in computer aided design and computer aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) have made the manufacture of new restorative and prosthetic materials possible. They have enabled fabrication of complete arch implant supported fixed dental prosthesis (CAISFDP) in metals and polymers a reality. There are several materials which are available to fabricate a CAISFDP and it is important to find biologically, economically and aesthetically viable options for milled, cast and printed metal and non-metal structures. Objectives: The purpose of this in-vitro test was to analyze the shear bond strength of composite to Trilor material for CAISFDP restorations. Material and Methods: A total …

Examining Social Factors In Self-Management For Older Adults Living Alone, Margaret Salinas

Dissertations (1934 -)

Older adults living alone are a rapidly growing and often vulnerable segment of the population. Patient activation is an established predictor of self-management engagement, ability, and behaviors, and may be impacted by many factors, including social factors such as loneliness, social isolation, and neighborhood conditions. However, relationships among these social factors and environmental factors and patient activation are unclear. Using the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the factor structure and bivariate correlations of loneliness, social isolation, neighborhood conditions and to test the effect of these factors on patient activation using self-efficacy …

Effectiveness Of A Postpartum Breastfeeding Protocol For Avoiding Pregnancy And Descriptive Analysis Of The Physiology Of The Postpartum Transition, Mary Schneider

Dissertations (1934 -)

Traditionally, postpartum breastfeeding women used Natural Family Planning (NFP) methods that required observation of cervical mucus and basal body temperature as indicators of return to fertility. These indicators resulted in high unintended pregnancy rates (i.e., 14-32 over 12 months of use). High pregnancy rates were due to the inaccuracy and subjectivity of those fertility indicators which required extended periods of abstinence. Ineffectiveness of NFP methods is also related to changing patterns of fertility during lactation amenorrhea (LA) and the first six menstrual cycles postpartum.Studies of a NFP protocol where women used objective urine hormone biomarkers were 92-98% effective for …

Experiences Of Exclusively Expressing Breast Milk For Term Infants: A Qualitative Analysis, Lisa Anders

Dissertations (1934 -)

Breast milk feeding has numerous benefits for women and infants. Although positive maternal experiences with breast milk feeding impacts exclusivity, duration, and maternal mental health, most research focuses on women feeding directly at the breast. Breast milk can also be expressed and bottle-fed to the infant. This practice is encouraged in instances of maternal-infant separation or in cases of prematurity. However, there is an increasing number of women electing to feed exclusively expressed breast milk to term infants rather than feed directly at the breast. Little is known about what constitutes a positive, or salutary breastfeeding, experience in this population. …

Examining The Relationship Of Physical Activity, Inflammation & Adiposity On Physical Function With Gender Differences, Jeanne Hlebichuk

Dissertations (1934 -)

Older adults are a rapidly growing segment of the population in the United States. The ability to maintain physical function declines with age and is a critical factor that contributes to living independently. Physical activity has been shown to slow declines in physical function and decrease chronic inflammation. Increases in adipose tissue and decreases in muscle mass are associated with aging. The increase in adipose tissue produces inflammatory markers that can negatively impact older adults’ health. Males and females’ biological changes with aging have been hypothesized to differ. The purposes of this study were to :1) examine the relationship between …

New-Onset Heart Failure With Atrial Fibrillation: A Distinct Type Of Cardiomyopathy?, Vinay Mehta, Alexander Albers, Maharaj Singh, Ana Cristina Perez Moreno, Timothy E. Paterick

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

There is limited research comparing demographic and clinical characteristics between patients who present with atrial fibrillation (AF) and new-onset cardiomyopathy (CM) to patients with new-onset CM without dysrhythmia. We aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with new-onset CM with and without AF and to report their real-world treatment.

Methods and Results

The study population was identified using patient records from our healthcare system from January 1, 2012 to September 30, 2016. Patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% without a prior history of CM were divided into two groups; those with an antecedent or concomitant …

Diverse Students Collaborating To Address Social Determinants Of Health Using Listening Sessions, Juanita T. Garcia, Leona Vandevusse, Gladys Simandl, Amber N. Johnson, Qiyan Mu, Jennifer Jean Dahlman

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

In this article, a Nursing Workforce Diversity grant-funded project examined the social determinants of health (SDH) including diverse high school and baccalaureate nursing students. All involved students were from educationally and/or economically disadvantaged backgrounds and/or underrepresented minority groups. The purpose of this article is to report the project outcome data and analysis gathered from students' experiences of SDH, using the collaborative method, listening sessions. The project staff and student nurses discussed SDH with high school students, who then identified and prioritized key SDH in their neighborhoods during a series of facilitated listening sessions in their schools. Initial analysis included reviewing, …

Patients’ Experiences Of Recovery: Beyond The Intensive Care Unit And Into The Community, Kelly Calkins, Peninnah M. Kako, Jill L. Guttormson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Aims

To understand barriers and facilitators of recovery for critical illness survivors’, who are discharged home from the hospital and do not have access to dedicated outpatient care.

Design

Multi-site descriptive study guided by interpretive phenomenology using semi-structured interviews.

Methods

Interviews were conducted between December 2017 -July 2018. Eighteen participants were included. Data were collected from interview recordings, transcripts, field notes, and a retrospective chart review for sample demographics. Analysis was completed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis which provided a unique view of recovery through the survivors’ personal experiences and perception of those experiences.

Results

Participants encountered several barriers to their …

Swim Program Pilot For Children With Autism: Impact On Behaviors And Health, Norah L. Johnson, Abir K. Bekhet, Tana Karenke, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this mixed methods pre-/post-pilot intervention study was to assess parental psychological health and child challenging behaviors before and after a swimming program for children with autism. Participants were 10 parent–child dyads. Child’s challenging behaviors were lower in the post testing (Cohen’s d = 0.07–0.45). Mean scores were improved for parent perception of general health (Cohen’s d = 0.22). Three themes emerged from the post swim program focus group: (a) Parent satisfaction with instructors with sub themes (i) firmness (ii) creativity, and (iii) promotion of social interaction and sharing, (b) improved child sleeping, and (c) family dynamics with …

Association Of Estrogen Receptor Alpha 1 And Tmj Dysfunction: A Pilot Study, Andrea Doetzer, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Flavio De Alcântara Camejo, Lucia De Noronha, Marcia Olandoski, Paula C. Trevilatto

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a multifactorial condition and the most common cause of orofacial pain, affecting mostly women, which points to a female hormone predilection. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the association between TMD and estrogen receptor alpha 1 expression in disks of patients with TMD and condyle fracture (CFx).

Study Design

Forty specimens (from 27 patients) included n = 8 CFx, n = 21 anterior disk displacement with reduction (ADDwR), and n = 11 anterior disk displacement without reduction (ADDwoR). Age, area, and intensity of immunostaining were statistically compared between CFx, ADDwR, and ADDwoR …

Chronic Stress Prevents Cortico-Accumbens Cue Encoding And Alters Conditioned Approach, Mitchell Spring, Aaron Caccamise, Elizabeth A. Panther, Bethany M. Windsor, Karan R. Soni, Jayme R. Mcreynolds, Daniel S. Wheeler, John R. Mantsch, Robert A. Wheeler

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Chronic stress impairs the function of multiple brain regions and causes severe hedonic and motivational deficits. One brain region known to be susceptible to these effects is the PFC. Neurons in this region, specifically neuronal projections from the prelimbic region (PL) to the nucleus accumbens core (NAcC), have a significant role in promoting motivated approach. However, little is known about how activity in this pathway changes during associative learning to encode cues that promote approach. Less is known about how activity in this pathway may be altered by stress. In this study, an intersectional fiber photometry approach was used in …

Implementation And Preliminary Testing Of A Theory-Guided Nursing Discharge Teaching Intervention For Adult Inpatients Aged 50 And Over With Multimorbidity: A Pragmatic Feasibility Study Protocol, Joanie Pellet, Marianne E. Weiss, Franziska Zúñiga, Cédric Mabire

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Discharge teaching by nurses during hospitalization is essential to provide multimorbid inpatients with the knowledge and skills to self-manage their health conditions. However, available disease-specific teaching guidelines do not address the cumulative complexity of multiple chronic diseases that occur with greater frequency in older adults. Therefore, there is a need for a discharge teaching intervention which uses concepts that specifically address the needs of these patients, such as considering their level of activation (i.e. knowledge, skills and confidence to self-manage their health) and the burden of multimorbid disease. The objectives of this pragmatic study will be to (1) test …

Probiotics For The Management Of Infantile Colic: A Systematic Review, Jennifer Simonson, Kristin Haglund, Emma Weber, Alissa Fial, Lisa Hanson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background:

Colic is defined as periods of inconsolable crying, fussing, or irritability that have no apparent cause and present in healthy infants under 5 months of age. Although colic is a benign and self-limiting condition, it can be distressing to parents and there are few robust treatment interventions. This systematic review explored the evidence for administration of probiotics to prevent or decrease symptoms of colic.

Methods:

Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Cochrane Library, and Web of Science.

Sample:

Twenty articles were included: 15 randomized controlled trials and 5 meta-analyses.

Results: …

The Effect Of Prolonged Pre-Operative Halo Gravity Traction For Severe Spinal Deformities On The Cervical Spine Radiographs, Kawdwo P. Yankey, Henry Ofori Duah, Cristina Sacramento-Dominguez, Henry O. Tutu, Mabel Adobea Owiredu, Rufai Mahmud, Irene Wulff, Gerhard Ofori-Amankwah, Harry Akoto, Oheneba Boachie-Adjei, Focos Spine Research Group

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Study Design:

Retrospective review of consecutive series.

Objective:

The study sought to assess the effect of prolonged pre-operative halo gravity traction (HGT) on the c-spine radiographs

Methods:

Data of 37 pediatric and adult patients who underwent ≥ 12wks pre-op HGT prior to definitive spine surgery from 2013-2015 at a single site in West Africa was reviewed. Radiographic assessment of the c-spine including ADI, SVA and C2-C7 Lordosis were done at pre HGT and at 4 weekly intervals. Paired T-Test was performed to evaluate changes in these parameters during HGT.

Results:

37pts, 18/19 (F/M). Average age 18.2yrs. Diagnoses: 22 idiopathic, 6 …

Polymeric Nanoparticles For Nasal Drug Delivery To The Brain: Relevance To Alzheimer's Disease, Navid Rabiee, Sepideh Ahmadi, Ronak Afshari, Samira Khalaji, Mohammad Rabiee, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Yousef Fatahi, Rassoul Dinarvand, Mohammadreza Tahriri, Lobat Tayebi, Michael R. Hamblin, Thomas J. Webster

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Currently, Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for more than half of all dementia cases. Although genetics, age, and environmental factors affect the disease, the cause of AD is not yet fully known. Various drugs have been proposed for the prevention and treatment of AD, but the delivery of these therapeutic agents to the brain is difficult. The blood–brain barrier prevents systemic drugs from accessing the central nervous system and designing a suitable system to overcome this barrier has attracted much attention. The intranasal pathway, given its proximity to the brain, provides a great opportunity for drug delivery. Understanding the physiological characteristics …

Osteogenic Differentiation Of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using 3d-Printed Pdlla/ Β-Tcp Nanocomposite Scaffolds, Ashkan Bigham, Amir Hamed Aghajanian, Mehdi Movahedi, Mansoureh Sattary, Mohammad Rafienia, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Designing bone scaffolds containing both organic and inorganic composites simulating the architecture of the bone is the most important principle in bone tissue engineering. The objective of this study was to fabricate a composite scaffold containing poly (D, l)-lactide (PDLLA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) as a platform for osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, PDLLA/β-TCP scaffolds were fabricated using three-dimensional printing (3D) technology through melt excursion technique. The physicomechanical characteristics, including microstructure, mechanical properties, of the customized scaffolds were investigated. Further, the in vitro biological characteristics of manufactured scaffolds were evaluated in conjugation with buccal fat …

Natural Family Planning And Marital Chastity: The Effects Of Periodic Abstinence On Marital Relationships, Richard J. Fehring, Michael D. Manhart

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Marital chastity is the practice of periodic abstinence with use of natural family planning (NFP). The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the most common methods of contraception (female sterilization, oral contraceptive pills, and condoms) and NFP on divorce/separation and cohabitation rates among reproductive age women. The study involved an extensive review of the literature on the effects of practice of NFP on marital dynamics and a statistical analysis of 2,550 ever-married women in the (2015–2017) National Survey of Family Growth data set. Importance of religion and frequency of church attendance were included in the analysis. …

An Updated Systematic Review Of Cost-Effectiveness Analyses Of Drugs For Osteoporosis, Nannan Li, Dennis Cornelissen, Stuart Silverman, Daniel Pinto, Lei Si, Ingrid Kremer, Sandrine Bours, Robin De Bot, Annelies Boonen, Silva Evers, Joop Van Den Bergh, Jean-Yves Reginster, Mickaël Hiligsmann

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Considering the heavy economic burden of osteoporotic fractures, the limits of healthcare resources, and the recent availability of new anti-osteoporosis drugs, there is continuing interest in economic evaluation studies of osteoporosis management strategies.

Objectives

This study aims to (1) systematically review recent economic evaluations of drugs for osteoporosis and (2) to apply an osteoporosis-specific guideline to critically appraise them.

Methods

A literature search was undertaken using PubMed, EMBASE, National Health Service Economic Evaluation database, and the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry to identify original articles containing economic evaluations of anti-osteoporosis drugs, published between 1 July, 2013 and 31 December, 2019. A …

The Relationship Between Accurate Knowledge On Hiv/Aids Transmission And Adolescent Pregnancy In Ghana: A Further Analyses Of The 2017 Multiple Cluster Indicator Survey, Emmanuel Brenyah Adomako, Kwabena Frimpong-Manso, Petronella Munemo, Henry Ofori Duah, Pascal Agbadi

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

The literature posits that HIV knowledge is associated with precautious sexual behaviour and practice. We hypothesised and investigated the association between knowledge of HIV transmission and adolescent pregnancy in Ghana, given that the relationship between HIV knowledge and adolescent pregnancy has not been extensively studied.

Methods

We did analyses on 5836 cases (weighted as 5121) of 15–24 years old reproductive age women in the female dataset of the 2017 Multiple Cluster Indicator Survey. Adolescent pregnancy was operationalized as reproductive age women between 15-24 years who became pregnant before the age of 18 years. Accurate HIV knowledge was measured by …