Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

African American Women's Infant Feeding Choices: Analyzing Self-Efficacy And Narratives From A Black Feminist Perspective, Karen Marie Robinson

Dissertations (1934 -)

Breast milk is the optimal form of nutrition for infants up to six months of age. Commercial formula is unequal to breast milk nutritionally, economically, and psychologically. African American women (AAW) continue to breastfeed the least compared to other populations. Few researchers conducting research related AAW's infant feeding preferences have employed the Black Feminist philosophy or the theory of self-efficacy. This philosophy and theory may offer insight into factors that influence AAW's infant feeding choices.

The purpose of this mixed-method study was to examine prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy (confidence) and actively listen to and analyze AAW's reports of factors influencing their …

Gender Trends In Dental Leadership And Academics: A Twenty-Two-Year Observation, Judy Chia-Chun Yuan, Damian J. Lee, Suchada Kongkiatkamon, Sasha Ross, Soni Prasad, Anne Koerber, Cortino Sukotjo

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine gender disparities in dental leadership and academics in the United States. Nine journals that represent the dental specialties and high published impact factors were selected to analyze the percentage of female dentists’ first and senior authorship for the years 1986, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2008. Data on appointment status and female deanship were collected from the American Dental Association (ADA) survey, and the trends were studied. The proportion of female presidents in ADA-recognized specialty organizations was also calculated. Overall, the increase in first female authorship was not statistically significant, but the …

Predictors Of Retention In Physical Therapy: Client-, Disease-, And Treatment-Related Factors, Marc A. Silva

Counselor Education and Counseling Psychology Research Exchange Conference

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study are to (1) document the incidence of veterans who prematurely terminate physical therapy before medically indicated, and (2) identify reliable predictors of treatment retention and attrition. The potential benefit of this study is the identification of reliable variables that predict who is at risk for terminating physical therapy prematurely, which may lead to targeted interventions designed to increase treatment retention. RESEARCH DESIGN: This study will be a retrospective design involving a review of medical records of veterans receiving referral to physical therapy. METHODOLOGY: Multinomial logistic regression (MLR) will be used to examine the effects …

Client-Treatment Matching In Substance Use Disorder Treatment: A Delphi Study, Noah Elijah Adrians

Counselor Education and Counseling Psychology Research Exchange Conference

Client-treatment matching (CTM) practices have been identified as important in enhancing substance use disorder (SUD) treatment outcomes while also minimizing the investment of time and resources necessary to achieve such outcomes. Despite strong positive effects associated with CTM, many questions remain regarding how CTM is implemented in treatment settings. This dissertation examines expert perspectives on how CTM practices are implemented in real world treatment settings, how to improve upon current practices, barriers to improvement, strategies for overcoming barriers, and consequensces of existing treatment system flaws. In this study, qualitative and quantitative data will be collected and analyzed through an iterative …

Latino Family Variables And Sexual Activity In Latino Adolescents, Brittany Nicole Barber

Counselor Education and Counseling Psychology Research Exchange Conference

Researchers’ focused examination of Latino adolescents’ cultural values and sexual activity has yielded questions regarding the cultural- and gender-specific attitudes and practices of these youth (Deardorff, Tschann, & Flores, 2008). Cultural values include family-related variables such as different aspects of familism, parent-adolescent communication, and parental monitoring, which have been found to decrease adolescents’ engagement in other negative activities such as aggressive behavior, (Dishion & McMahon, 1998), substance use (Estrada, Rabow, & Watts, 1982), and delinquency (Clark & Shields, 1997). Research investigating these risk behaviors has often implicated Latino adolescents’ level of assimilation to White, mainstream society as a potential risk …

Language Outcome After Left Anterior Temporal Lobectomy In Patients With Discordant Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Intracarotid Sodium Amobarbital Testing Results, Julie K. Janecek

Counselor Education and Counseling Psychology Research Exchange Conference

Language Outcome after Left Temporal Anterior Lobectomy in Patients with Discordant Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Intracarotid Sodium Amobarbital Testing Results Rationale: Previous research has examined concordance rates between Wada and fMRI language lateralization indices (LIs) and has yielded variable results with limited post-surgical language outcome data. Therefore, additional evidence of the concurrent and predictive validity of fMRI LIs is needed. We will calculate Wada/fMRI LI concordance rates in the largest sample to date, investigate predictors of discordance and examine the ability of each procedure to predict language outcome in discordant cases. Methods: A consecutive series of 229 presurgical epilepsy …

Seeking Safety Group Proposal For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder And Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder, Caryn P. Brakenridge

Counselor Education and Counseling Psychology Research Exchange Conference

Reports on rates of PTSD among women receiving treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs) ranges from 20% to as much as 59%. Research however has shown that fewer than half of women with SUDs will receive treatment that addresses their PTSD symptoms. Research over the past three decades has shown an increased interest in individuals diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using group psychotherapy. However, group psychotherapy approaches for co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders are not as well developed. This proposal suggests the creation of a psychotherapy group for women suffering from SUDs with co-occurring PTSD symptoms. The group …

Effects Of Isolated Hip Abductor Fatigue On Frontal Plane Knee Mechanics, Christopher Geiser, Kristian M. O'Connor, Jennifer E. Earl

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament injuries and patellofemoral pain syndrome are both common and significant injuries to the knee that have been associated with hip weakness. Prospective studies have linked the risk of experiencing either injury to alterations in the frontal plane knee angle and moment during activity. These components of knee mechanics are theorized to be affected by hip abductor weakness. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of isolated hip abductor fatigue-induced weakness on lower extremity kinematics and kinetics in recreationally active women.

Factors Influencing Nurse Sedation Practices With Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A U.S. National Survey, Jill L. Guttormson, Linda L. Chlan, Craig R. Weinert, Kay Savik

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

Mechanically ventilated patients commonly receive sedative medications. There is increasing evidence that sedative medications impact on patient outcomes. Nursing behaviour is a key determinant of sedation administration. The purpose of this study was to determine factors that influence nurse sedation administration to mechanically ventilated patients.

Methods

The Nurse Sedation Practices Scale was mailed to a random sample of 1250 members of the American Association of Critical Care Nurses.

Results

A response rate of 39% was obtained. Respondents were primarily staff nurses (73%) with a bachelor's degree in nursing (59%) from various intensive care unit (ICU) settings. We limited the …

Designing Dental Student Portfolios To Assess Performance, Frederick J Sutkiewicz, Gary L. Stafford, Moawi M. Kassab, Sheila E. Stover, Thomas Wirtz

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this poster is to share a project developed by Marquette University’s liaisons to the American Dental Education Association’s Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education with others interested in learning about the use of portfolios to assess the quality of student performance in dental school. Sample components from the pilot portfolios will be integrated into the poster to provide participants with a view from portfolio design to completion. Portfolios are becoming a more common method of assessing the quality of student performance in health professions education. Portfolios can assist in documenting evidence of specific competencies at …

Senior Dental Students’ Experience With Cariogram In A Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, Cesar D. Gonzalez, Christopher Okunseri

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The study objective was to assess predoctoral dental students’ experience with a caries risk assessment computer program in the pediatric dentistry clinic at Marquette University School of Dentistry. In 2005, spring semester sophomore dental students (class of 2008) were introduced to the caries risk assessment computer program “Cariogram.” The students received a fifty-minute lecture on caries risk assessment and a demonstration on how to use Cariogram in the clinic. After two years of clinical exposure to Cariogram, sixty-six out of eighty senior dental students completed an anonymous eleven-item questionnaire on their experience with the tool. Each item on the questionnaire …

Gender-Based Analysis Of Hamstring And Quadriceps Muscle Activation During Jump Landings And Cutting, William Ebben, Mckenzie Fauth, Erich Petushek, Luke Garceau, Brittni Hsu, Brittney Lutsch, Christina Feldmann

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study evaluated gender differences in the magnitude and timing of hamstring and quadriceps activation during activities that are believed to cause anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Twelve men (age = 21.0 ± 1.2 years; body mass = 81.61 ± 13.3 kg; and jump height = 57.61 ± 10.15 cm) and 12 women (age = 19.91 ± 0.9 years; body mass = 64.36 ± 6.14 kg; and jump height = 43.28 ± 7.5) performed 3 repetitions each of the drop jump (jump) normalized to the subject's vertical jump height, and a sprint and cut at a 45-degree angle (cut). Electromyography …

Occurrence And Regional Distribution Of Trail And Dr5 On Temporomandibular Joint Discs: Comparison Of Disc Derangement With And Without Reduction, Rosalia Leonardi, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Paula C. Trevilatto, Carla Loreto

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an apoptosis-inducing member of the TNF gene family which triggers apoptotic signals by interaction with its receptors. It has been suggested to be a major contributing factor to tissue degeneration.

Objective

The present study investigated, through immunohistochemistry, the regional expression of TRAIL and in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc of anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR) and without reduction (ADDwoR) patients, to help determine the relationship between TMJ disc displacement and apoptosis.

Study design

We studied 18 TMJ diseased discs affected by disc displacement without or with reduction and 4 normal TMJ …

Drug-Induced Plasticity Contributing To Heightened Relapse Susceptibility: Neurochemical Changes And Augmented Reinstatement In High-Intake Rats, Aric Madayag, Kristen S. Kau, Doug Lobner, John R. Mantsch, Samantha Wisniewski, David A. Baker

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

A key in understanding the neurobiology of addiction and developing effective pharmacotherapies is revealing drug-induced plasticity that results in heightened relapse susceptibility. Previous studies have demonstrated that increased extracellular glutamate, but not dopamine, in the nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) is necessary for cocaine-induced reinstatement. In this report, we examined whether drug-induced adaptations that are necessary to generate cocaine-induced reinstatement also determine relapse vulnerability. To do this, rats were assigned to self-administer cocaine under conditions resulting in low (2 h/d; 0.5 mg/kg/infusion, i.v.) or high (6 h/d; 1.0 mg/kg/infusion, i.v.) levels of drug intake since these manipulations produce groups of rats …

Risk Management In Intrapartum Fetal Monitoring: Accidental Recording Of The Maternal Heart Rate, Lisa Hanson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Current Medical Research: Summer–Fall 2009, Richard J. Fehring

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Neighborhood Factors Relevant For Walking In Older, Urban, African American Adults, N. A. Gallagher, Kimberlee A. Gretebeck, Jennifer C. Robinson, Elisa R. Torres, Susan L. Murphy, Kristy K. Martyn

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Focus-group and photo-voice methodology were used to identify the salient factors of the neighborhood environment that encourage or discourage walking in older, urban African Americans. Twenty-one male (n = 2) and female (n = 19) African Americans age 60 years and older (M = 70 ± 8.7, range = 61–85) were recruited from a large urban senior center. Photographs taken by the participants were used to facilitate focus-group discussions. The most salient factors that emerged included the presence of other people, neighborhood surroundings, and safety from crime, followed by sidewalk and traffic conditions, animals, public walking tracks …

Physical Activity Effects On Depressive Symptoms In Black Adults, Jessica D. Richardson, Sarah Grace Dalton, Elisa R. Torres, Carolyn M. Sampselle, Kimberlee A. Gretebeck, David L. Ronis, Harold W. Neighbors

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

Randomized trials found physical activity (PA) effective in decreasing depressive symptoms. Few studies included Black participants. The purpose of this systematic literature review was to determine the effects of PA on depressive symptoms in Black adults.

Methods

Articles were abstracted by conducting a computer and hand search of eligible studies.

Results

Eight of 13 studies found a significant inverse relationship between PA and depressive symptoms in Black adults. Sources for the heterogeneity were explored.

Conclusion

Future studies should include representative samples of Black adults, incorporate a theory which considers multiple levels of influence, account for genetic factors in the …

Response To Task-Specific Sex Differences In Muscle Fatigue: Is There A Common Underlying Cause?, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Kinetic Analysis Of Lower Body Resistance Training Exercises, Mckenzie L. Fauth, Luke Garceau, Brittney Lutsch, Aaron Gray, Chris Szalkowski, Brad Wurm, William Ebben

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study evaluated and compared the peak vertical ground reaction force (GRF) and rate of force development (RFD) for the eccentric and concentric phases of 4 lower body resistance training exercises, including the back squat, deadlift, step-up, and forward lunge. Sixteen women performed 2 repetitions of each of the 4 exercises at a 6 repetition maximum load. Kinetic data were acquired using a force platform. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to evaluate the differences in GRF between the exercises. Results revealed significant main effects for GRF both the eccentric (p ≤ 0.001) and concentric (p ≤ 0.001) …

The Quantification Of Tooth Displacement, Thomas W. Radmer, L Thomas Johnson, Mingan Yang, Thomas Wirtz

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

By using reference points from a single pixel marker placed at the center point of the cuspid teeth and the center point on each of the incisor teeth, a polynomial curve was generated as a native curve for each dental arch studied. The polynomial curve generated from actual tooth position in each arch provides the forensic odontologist with another reference point that is quantifiable. The study represents that individual characteristics, such as tooth displacement, can be quantified in a simple, reliable, and repeatable format.

Moving Teeth Faster, Better And Painless. Is It Possible?, Jose A. Bosio, Dawei Liu

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Survival Rates Of Short-Span Implant-Supported Cantilever Fixed Dental Prostheses, Gary L. Stafford

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Data sources

Publications were sought using Medline, and searches were made by hand of the journals Clinical Oral Implants Research, International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Journal of Periodontology, Journal of Clinical Periodontology and the International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants, along with reference lists of identified articles.

Study selection

Titles and abstracts were initially screened by two independent reviewers to identify prospective or retrospective longitudinal cohort studies or controlled studies reporting on implant supported cantilever fixed dental prostheses (ICFDP) with a mean followup period of at least 5 years. A clinical examination had to be performed …

Effect Of Photobiomodulation On Vinblastine-Poisoned Murine Hers Cells, Brian D. Hodgson, B. Pyszka, Michele M. Henry, E. Buchmann, Harry T. Whelan

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of near-infrared (NIR) photobiomodulation on the proliferation and glutathione levels in murine Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) cells after poisoning with vinblastine. Background: Photobiomodulation has been shown to improve wound healing in a number of animal models. There have been no studies on the effect of photobiomodulation on cancer-related chemotherapy injury to the cells that initiate tooth root growth. Materials and Methods: Control groups consisted of murine HERS cells without vinblastine (VB−) and cells with vinblastine at 10, 20, and 30 ng/mL (VB10, VB20, and VB30). Experimental groups consisted …

Maximizing Beneficence And Autonomy: Ethical Support For The Use Of Non-Pharmacological Methods For Managing Dental Anxiety, Evelyn Donate-Bartfield, Ryan Spellecy, Nicolas J. Shane

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

This article examines advantages associated with nonpharmacological behavioral management techniques and suggests that there are benefits to their use (such as achieving a more lasting solution to the problem of dental anxiety) that are not realized with medication-based interventions. Analyses that use Kantian and existential viewpoints for exploring the use of medication versus behavioral interventions for managing life problems yield parallel conclusions: there are advantages gained by using behavioral interventions that are not always associated with medication-based interventions. These analyses, taken together with an understanding of the psychology of dental anxiety management, suggest that using nonpharmacological techniques for the management …

Treatment Of Gingival Recession, Moawia M. Kassab, Hala Badawi, Andrew R. Dentino

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Gingival recession is an intriguing and complex phenomenon. Recession frequently disturbs patients because of sensitivity and esthetics. Many surgical techniques have been introduced to treat gingival recession, including those involving autogenous tissue grafting, various flap designs, orthodontics, and guided tissue regeneration (GTR). This article describes different clinical approaches to treat gingival recession with emphasis on techniques that show promising results and root coverage.

Effects On Resilience Of Women Family Caregivers Of Adults With Serious Mental Illness: The Role Of Positive Cognitions, Jaclene A. Zauszniewski, Abir K. Bekhet, M. Jane Suresky

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

This study examined the effects of risk and protective factors on resilience in 60 women family members of adults with serious mental illness. Both the risk factors constituting caregiver burden (strain, stigma, client dependence, and family disruption) and protective factors, including eight positive cognitions were found to predict two indicators of resilience: resourcefulness and sense of coherence. The effects of caregiver burden on resourcefulness and sense of coherence were mediated by positive cognitions, lending support to resilience theory and suggesting the need to develop interventions to encourage positive thinking among women caregivers of adults with mental illness.

The Roles Of Physical Therapists In Wound Management: Part Iv, Luther C. Kloth

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Physical therapists are important members of the comprehensive wound management team. In addition to being able to provide standard wound care, they are well prepared to treat wounds with a variety of biophysical agents that introduce electromagnetic, acoustic, and mechanical energies that enhance healing. Physical therapists also address restoration of function that is frequently compromised in patients who suffer from chronically and acutely wounded tissues.

The Professional Portfolio: An Evidence-Based Assessment Method, Michelle Byrne, Kathryn Schroeter, Shannon Carter, Julie Mower

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Competency assessment is critical for a myriad of disciplines, including medicine, law, education, and nursing. Many nurse managers and educators are responsible for nursing competency assessment, and assessment results are often used for annual reviews, promotions, and satisfying accrediting agencies' requirements. Credentialing bodies continually seek methods to measure and document the continuing competence of licensees or certificants. Many methods and frameworks for continued competency assessment exist. The portfolio process is one method to validate personal and professional accomplishments in an interactive, multidimensional manner. This article illustrates how portfolios can be used to assess competence. One specialty nursing certification board's process …

Pulp Polyp Associated With A Natal Tooth: Case Report, Brian D. Hodgson, Rodney Vergotine, Lance Lambert

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Natal teeth are an infrequent occurrence at birth. Often these teeth are extracted because they are very mobile and pose a risk of aspiration. This is a rare case in which a natal tooth was extracted by the pediatrician with his fingers. A root fragment remained and out of this developed a large pulp polyp. This relationship has not been previously reported.