Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Cultural Comparison Of Chronic Conditions, Functional Status, And Acceptance In Older African-American And White Adults, Patricia Mcdonald, Jaclene Zauszniewski, Abir K. Bekhet

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Acceptance of functional decline accompanying chronic illness is challenging for all elders, and even more so for African-American elders. This study examined functional status and the number, types, and acceptance of chronic conditions in 16 African-American and 46 White elders. African-American elders reported better functioning but resembled Whites in number of chronic conditions and acceptance. All African-Americans reported hypertension; 76% of Whites reported arthritis. Greater acceptance was correlated with fewer chronic conditions (r = -.23, p < .05) and better functioning (r = -.59, p < .01). Poorer functioning (i.e., functional disability) was correlated with more chronic conditions (r = .27, p < .05). Culturally sensitive interventions are needed to enhance elders' acceptance of chronic conditions and to improve their functioning.

Listening Sessions With Latinas: Documenting Life Contexts And Creating Connections, Ruth Ann Belknap, Leona Vandevusse

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: To use listening sessions with groups of Latinas to develop a contextual understanding of the lives of immigrant women to inform program development and ultimately better serve the community's needs for domestic violence services.

Design and Sample: This study was exploratory and descriptive, mixing qualitative listening sessions with quantitative methods. Seven listening group sessions were facilitated with 63 women participating.

Measures: Data included information from a short demographic questionnaire, texts of narrative from the sessions, and tallies of thematic comments made during the listening sessions.

Results: Themes derived from aggregated data from the listening sessions …

The Underrecognized Role Of Impaired Muscle Function In Cancer-Related Fatigue, Alexander V. Ng

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Site-Specific Effects On Respiratory Rhythm And Pattern Of Ibotenic Acid Injections In The Pontine Respiratory Group Of Goats, Joshua M. Bonis, Suzanne Neumueller, Katie L. Krause, T. Kiner, A. Smith, B. D. Marshall, B. Qian, Lawrence Pan, Hubert Forster

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

To probe further the contributions of the rostral pons to eupneic respiratory rhythm and pattern, we tested the hypothesis that ibotenic acid (IA) injections in the pontine respiratory group (PRG) would disrupt eupneic respiratory rhythm and pattern in a site- and state-specific manner. In 15 goats, cannulas were bilaterally implanted into the rostral pontine tegmental nuclei (RPTN; n = 3), the lateral (LPBN; n = 4) or medial parabrachial nuclei (MPBN; n = 4), or the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus (KFN; n = 4). After recovery from surgery, 1- and 10-μl injections (1 wk apart) of IA were made bilaterally through the …

Provision Of Fluoride Varnish Treatment By Medical And Dental Care Providers: Variation By Race/Ethnicity And Levels Of Urban Influence, Christopher Okunseri, Aniko Szabo, Raul I. Garcia, Scott Jackson, Nicholas M. Pajewski

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: In 2004, Wisconsin Medicaid policy changed to allow medical care providers to be reimbursed for fluoride varnish treatment (FVT) to children's teeth to improve access and utilization. To date, no study has been published on whether geographic and racial/ethnic variation in the provision of FVT in response to this policy change exists. This study's objective is to examine the association of rates of FVT for children enrolled in Wisconsin Medicaid with race/ethnicity, urban influence codes (UIC), and dental health professional shortage area (DHPSA) designation based on county of residence.

Methods: A retrospective, pre–post design was used based on FVT …

Pathologically Activated Neuroprotection Via Uncompetitive Blockade Of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors With Fast Off-Rate By Novel Multifunctional Dimer Bis(Propyl)-Cognitin, Jialie Luo, Wenming Li, Yuming Zhao, Hongjun Fu, Dik-Lung Ma, Jing Tang, Chaoying Li, Robert W. Peoples, Fushun Li, Qinwen Wang, Pingbo Huang, Jun Xia, Yuanping Pang, Yifan Han

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Uncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists with fast off-rate (UFO) may represent promising drug candidates for various neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we report that bis(propyl)-cognitin, a novel dimeric acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and γ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor antagonist, is such an antagonist of NMDA receptors. In cultured rat hippocampal neurons, we demonstrated that bis(propyl)-cognitin voltage-dependently, selectively, and moderately inhibited NMDA-activated currents. The inhibitory effects of bis(propyl)-cognitin increased with the rise in NMDA and glycine concentrations. Kinetics analysis showed that the inhibition was of fast onset and offset with an off-rate time constant of 1.9 s. Molecular docking simulations showed moderate …

Age-Related Differences In Perception Of Quality Of Discharge Teaching And Readiness For Hospital Discharge, Kathleen Bobay, Teresa A. Jerofke, Marianne E. Weiss, Olga Yakusheva

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Age And Load Compliance Alter Time To Task Failure For A Submaximal Fatiguing Contraction With The Lower Leg, Erin E. Griffith, Tejin Yoon, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to compare the time to failure and muscle activation of young and old adults for a sustained isometric submaximal contraction with the dorsiflexor muscles when the foot was restrained to a force transducer (force-control task) compared with supporting an equivalent inertial load unrestrained in the sagittal plane (position-control task). Seventeen young (23.6 ± 6.5 yr) and 12 old (70.0 ± 5.0 yr) adults performed the force-control and position-control tasks at 30% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until task failure on separate days. Despite the similar load torque for each task, time to failure was longer …

Amelioration Of Oral Mucositis Pain By Nasa Near Infra Red Light Emitting Diodes In Bone Marrow Transplant Patients (Poster), Brian D. Hodgson, David Margolis, L D. Williams, D E. Salzman, J E. Sande, W P. Vaughan, Harry T. Whelan

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Low-Magnitude, High-Frequency Vibration On Osteocytes In The Regulation Of Osteoclasts, Esther Lau, Saja Al-Dujaili, Axel Guenther, Dawei Liu, Liyun Wang, Lidan You

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Osteocytes are well evidenced to be the major mechanosensor in bone, responsible for sending signals to the effector cells (osteoblasts and osteoclasts) that carry out bone formation and resorption. Consistent with this hypothesis, it has been shown that osteocytes release various soluble factors (e.g. transforming growth factor-β, nitric oxide, and prostaglandins) that influence osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities when subjected to a variety of mechanical stimuli, including fluid flow, hydrostatic pressure, and mechanical stretching. Recently, low-magnitude, high-frequency (LMHF) vibration (e.g., acceleration less than < 1 × g, where g = 9.81 m/s², at 20–90 Hz) has gained much interest as studies …

Perioperative Specialty Certification: The Cnor As Evidence For Magnet Excellence, Michelle Byrne, Kathryn Schroeter, Julie Mower

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

The Pontine Respiratory Group, Particularly The Kölliker-Fuse Nucleus, Mediates Phases Of The Hypoxic Ventilatory Response In Unanesthetized Goats, Joshua M. Bonis, Suzanne E. Neumueller, K. L. Krause, T. Kiner, A. Smith, B. D. Marshall, B. Qian, Lawrence Pan, Hubert V. Forster

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that, in the in vivo awake goat model, perturbation/lesion in the pontine respiratory group (PRG) would decrease the sensitivity to hypercapnia and hypoxia. The study reported herein was part of two larger studies in which cholinergic modulation in the PRG was attenuated by microdialysis of atropine and subsequently ibotenic acid injections neurotoxically lesioned the PRG. In 14 goats, cannula were bilaterally implanted into either the lateral (n = 4) or medial (n = 4) parabrachial nuclei or the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus (KFN, n = 6). Before and after …

Nurse And Patient Perceptions Of Discharge Readiness In Relation To Postdischarge Utilization, Marianne E. Weiss, Olga Yakusheva, Kathleen L. Bobay

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Prevention of hospital readmission and emergency department (ED) utilization will be a crucial strategy in reducing health care costs. There has been limited research on nurse assessment and patient perceptions of discharge readiness in relation to postdischarge outcomes.

Objectives: To investigate the association of nurse and patient assessments of discharge readiness with postdischarge readmissions and ED visits.

Research Design: Hierarchical regression analysis of readmission or ED utilization using independent nurse and patient assessments of discharge readiness and patient characteristics as explanatory variables, with hospital and unit fixed effects.

Subjects: A total of 162 adult medical-surgical patients and their discharging …

Vision, Grit, And Collaboration: How The Wisconsin Center For Nursing Achieved Both Sustainable Funding And Established Itself As A State Health Care Workforce Leader, Lea Acord, Gina Dennik-Champion, Sally Peck Lundeen, Suzanne Schuler

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

In 2001, a dedicated group of nurses from across Wisconsin came together to discuss how to create a state center of expertise on key nursing workforce issues. The result was the establishment of the Wisconsin Center for Nursing (WCN) in 2005. Since that time, through its statewide Board of Directors, WCN has clarified and targeted specific state workforce needs and identified gaps that exist in addressing those needs. During its five-year existence, WCN has received funding from a variety of sources, and volunteers have spent hundreds of hours working on behalf of the organization. Finding a sustainable base of funding …

Tooth Loss, Apolipoprotein E, And Decline In Delayed Word Recall, P. S. Stein, R. J. Kryscio, M. Desrosiers, Sara J. Donegan, M. B. Gibbs

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Our previous research suggests an association between a low number of teeth and increased risk of dementia. The aim of the present study was to determine if a low number of teeth is specifically related to memory decline as evidenced by low Delayed Word Recall scores. In addition, we examined the combined effect of a low number of teeth and the apolipoprotein E ϵ4 allele on Delayed Word Recall scores. We hypothesized that the scores of those who had the allele and a low number of teeth (0-9) would decline more rapidly over time than those participants with a greater …

Quantifying Fluid Shear Stress In A Rocking Culture Dish, Xiaozhou Zhou, Dawei Liu, Lidan You, Liyun Wang

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Fluid shear stress (FSS) is an important stimulus for cell functions. Compared with the well established parallel-plate and cone-and-plate systems, a rocking “see-saw” system offers some advantages such as easy operation, low cost, and high throughput. However, the FSS spatiotemporal pattern in the system has not been quantified. In the present study, we developed a lubrication-based model to analyze the FSS distributions in a rocking rectangular culture dish. We identified an important parameter (the critical flip angle) that dictates the overall FSS behaviors and suggested the right conditions to achieving temporally oscillating and spatially relatively uniform FSS. If the maximal …

Parenting Behaviors And Their Relationship With A Child's Weight Status, Michele L. Polfuss

Dissertations (1934 -)

Pediatric obesity is a critical healthcare problem that has continued to increase in prevalence. It has been well established that pediatric obesity is a multifactorial problem

with no easy solution. Complicating matters has been the fact that there has been a disproportionate increase across ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Parents have been found to play a critical role supporting a child's behavior through environment, role modeling and ongoing parenting practices.

This study utilized a cross sectional correlational study design to determine what the relationship is, if any, between a child's weight status and parenting behaviors. In addition the study examined if …

Pushing Techniques Used By Midwives When Providing Second Stage Labor Care, Kathryn Osborne

Dissertations (1934 -)

A growing body of evidence suggests that spontaneous pushing during the second stage of labor results in better outcomes than directed pushing, which usually involves repeated use of the Valsalva maneuver. However, birth attendants in the United States (U.S.) continue to use directive methods when caring for women in the second stage of labor. This study used quantitative methods with the Theory of Diffusion of Innovations as a framework to identify and describe the practices used by certified nurse-midwives and certified midwives, practicing in the U.S., when caring for women in second stage labor. Data were gathered using a questionnaire …

Cementoblastic Response To High Vs. Low Level Of Mechanical Force In Vitro, Natalie Nicole Mullally

Master's Theses (2009 -)

One of the possible complications of orthodontic treatment is apical root resorption. During orthodontic treatment, as the teeth are being moved, the alveolar bone is continually being modeled to accommodate the teeth. This process activates specific cells that are responsible for bone resorption and can have the unwanted effect of resorbing the apex of the tooth root adjacent to the bone. It is unclear exactly what aspects of orthodontic treatment may trigger the resorptive process. A positive correlation, however, between root resorption and mechanical loading applied during orthodontic tooth movement has been established implicating orthodontic treatment in this adverse effect. …

Bondable Lingual Spur Therapy To Treat Anterior Open Bite, Elissa Joy Mcrae

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of bondable lingual tongue spurs (BLTS; Tongue Tamers®, Ortho Technology, Tampa, FL) on measures of overbite and incisor position in a sample of anterior open bite subjects who had either a digit-sucking habit or an anterior tongue posture problem. Patient acceptance of the spurs was also evaluated. BLTS were placed on all maxillary and mandibular incisors of 12 subjects (mean age 13.9 years) with anterior open bite. Dental casts and lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken pre-treatment (T1) and after 6 months of lingual spur treatment alone (T2). Overbite and overjet …

An In Vitro Comparison Of The Setting Of Mta With And Without The Application Of A Moist Cotton Pellet, Craig Darrell Johnson

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the setting of MTA with and without the application of a moist cotton pellet. Methods: Fifty samples of MTA were mixed according to manufacturer’s instructions, placed with an amalgam carrier, and condensed with a plugger into a custom metal block with a well depth of 3.5 mm. Twenty-five of the MTA samples had a moist cotton pellet placed in contact with MTA mixture and twenty-five MTA samples had no moist cotton pellet in contact with the MTA mixture. The samples were placed in 100% humidity at 37°C and evaluated for penetration …

Bonding With Self-Etching Primers - Pumice Or Pre-Etch? An In Vitro Study, Ian J. Fitzgerald

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The objective of this study was to compare the shear bond strengths (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded with self-etching primer using different enamel surface preparations.

A 2-by-2 factorial study design was used. Sixty human premolars were harvested, cleaned and randomly assigned to four groups (n=15/group). Teeth were bathed in saliva for 48 hours to form a pellicle. Treatments were assigned as follows: Group 1 was pumiced for 10 seconds and pre-etched for five seconds with 37% phosphoric acid before bonding with self-etching primer (Transbond Plus). Group 2 was pumiced for ten seconds before bonding. Group 3 was pre-etched for five …

Bracket Bond Strength Effects Of Incorporation Of Novamin Into An Orthodontic Bonding Resin, Jeffrey Waterhouse

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Despite advances in caries research and the development of protective mechanisms and materials, orthodontic white spot decalcification remains a significant problem. Increased plaque buildup around orthodontic appliances, combined with inadequate hygiene and a susceptible patient, can lead to unesthetic demineralized lesions in enamel.

Relatively new to the arena of caries prevention, NovaMin, a bioactive glass, has shown some promise in areas of remineralization of early lesions, protection against acidic challenge, and has demonstrated antiplaque properties. This study explored a new application of the material, incorporation into an orthodontic bonding composite resin. Objectives of the study were: to determine if the …

Candida Albicans Adhesion And Biofilm Formation On Phosphated And Non-Phosphate Containing Poly(Methylmethacrylate) Polymers, Kathryn Elizabeth Ryan

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Denture-induced stomatitis is prevalent among prosthesis users, particularly the elderly and institutionalized where it has been estimated to be present in over 60-65% of denture wearers. Treatment of this clinical condition is problematic due to incomplete disinfection of the acrylic surface and rapid microbial re-colonization. Moreover, ingestion or aspiration of pathogens in denture plaque exposes the elderly and immunocompromised to unexpected infections.

Acrylic polymers have generally been used to replace missing teeth and periodontal tissues in edentulous or partially dentate patients. Currently, edentulous adults in the US population are common, with complete edentulism greater than 41% among Americans aged 65 …

Light-Activation Influence On The Thermal Analysis Of A Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer, Raksha Srinivas

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The acid-base and light polymerization reactions in resin modified glass ionomers (RMGI) have been shown to compete and possibly inhibit one another during early RMGI development. Earlier beginning times of light polymerization initiation may limit the acid-base reaction and if time allowed for the acid-base components to react is increased, the extent of light cure reaction may be lesser. The thermal behavior of a commercially available RMGI was investigated in relation to a light initiation regimen using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The relationship between delay in light initiation or no light initiation and the resultant set matrix of the …

Application Of Mechanical Vibration To Modulate Orthodontic Tooth Movement (Otm) In Mice, Andrew Rummel

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to use micro CT to evaluate the effect of mechanical vibration on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in mice. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six mice (C57BL/6, 20 weeks old, male) were randomly divided into four groups: spring/vibration (SV), spring only (S), vibration only (V), control (C). A nickel-titanium (NiTi) spring was fabricated and inserted bilaterally between the maxillary 1st molars, delivering an initial force of 20 grams. From day 0, mechanical vibration (4Hz frequency, 20micron displacement, 5 min per session duration) was applied to the left maxillary 1st molar every three days for 3 weeks …

Incidence Of Removable Partial Denture Types In Eastern Wisconsin, Deo K. Pun

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Aim: This study was designed to investigate patterns of tooth loss in patients receiving removable partial dentures.

Materials and Method: A point and shoot digital camera was used to collect 1502 digital images of cases at 5 dental laboratories in the eastern portion of the state of Wisconsin. Any case presenting to one the dental laboratories requesting a RPD was included. Two photographs were taken of each case. The first photograph was taken immediately upon arrival to the lab while the second photograph was taken immediately prior its first departure. A calibrated investigator analyzed all the photographs for Kennedy classification, …

Group B Streptococcus Intrapartum Prophylaxis Guidelines Adherence: A Perinatal Risk Management Issue, Lisa Hanson, Leona Vandevusse

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Reliability Of Surface Electromyography During Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contractions, Jump Landings, And Cutting, Mckenzie Fauth, Erich Petushek, Christina Feldmann, Brittni Hsu, Luke Garceau, Brittney Lutsch, William Ebben

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

The reliability of electromyographic (EMG) data has been examined for isometric and slow dynamic tasks, but little is known about the repeatability of this data for ballistic movements. The purpose of this study was to examine the within-session, trial-to-trial reliability of a variety of quadriceps and hamstrings muscles during isometric and ballistic activities. Data were analyzed by way of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), intersubject coefficients of variation (CV_inter), and intrasubject coefficients of variation (CV_intra). Twenty-four subjects performed 3 repetitions each of 2 randomly ordered test exercises, including landing from a depth jump (J) and cutting after …

Associate Degree Nursing Students' Thoughts, Feelings, And Experiences Of Short Study Abroad In A Low-Income Country, Cynthia Foronda

Dissertations (1934 -)

Associate Degree Nursing students are rarely offered opportunities to study abroad. Educational research about nursing students studying abroad is limited but suggests positive outcomes. Prior research has focused on graduate or baccalaureate students in developed and less developed countries, thus, the experience of studying abroad in a low-income country for the associate degree student is unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe the thoughts, feelings, and experiences of associate degree nursing students who participated in a short study abroad course in a low-income country. Ten students participated in phone interviews to share narratives two to six weeks following …