Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

E-Stimulation: An Effective Modality To Facilitate Wound Healing, Pamela Scarborough, Luther C. Kloth

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Relationships Between Vocabulary Size, Working Memory, And Phonological Awareness In Spanish-Speaking English Language Learners, Brenda K. Gorman

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: The goals of this study were to evaluate the impact of short-term phonological awareness (PA) instruction presented in children's first language (L1; Spanish) on gains in their L1 and second language (L2; English) and to determine whether relationships exist between vocabulary size, verbal working memory, and PA in Spanish-speaking English language learners (ELLs).

Method: Participants included 25 kindergartners who received PA instruction and 10 controls. A 2-way within-subjects repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to evaluate gains. Relationships between PA gains, Spanish and English vocabulary, and memory, as measured using nonword repetition and experimental …

Predictors Of New Graduate Nurses’ Organizational Commitment During A Nurse Residency Program, Marilyn Meyer Bratt, Holly M. Felzer

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Retaining newly graduated nurses is critical for organizations because of the significant cost of turnover. Since commitment to an organization is associated with decreased turnover intent, understanding factors that influence new graduates’ organizational commitment is important. In a sample of nurse residency program participants, predictors of organizational commitment over time were explored. Perceptions of the work environment, particularly job satisfaction and job stress, were found to be most influential.

Nurse residency programs provide extended opportunities to model professional role behaviors for new nurses, enhance knowledge development and clinical application, and promote successful integration to the work environment (Bratt, 2009). Despite …

Family Planning, Natural Family Planning, And Abortion Use Among U. S. Hispanic Women, Dana Rodriguez, Richard J. Fehring

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Hispanics are the largest minority group in the U. S. and they contribute to over 50 percent of Catholics under the age of 25. The purpose of this study was to determine the patterns of contraceptive use (current and ever), natural family planning (NFP), and abortion among U. S. Hispanic women between the ages of 15 and 44 years and to compare their patterns of use to non-Hispanic women of the same age range. A particular interest was to determine the influence of faith on the choice of family-planning methods among the sexually active U. S. Catholic Hispanic women. Data …

Effect Of Light-Cure Initiation Time On Polymerization Efficiency And Orthodontic Bond Strength With A Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer, J. T. Thomas, H. W. Roberts, L. Diaz, Thomas Gerard Bradley, David W. Berzins

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives –  The polymerization and acid–base reactions in resin-modified glass-ionomers (RMGI) are thought to compete with and inhibit one another. To examine the effect of visible light-cure (VLC) delay on the polymerization efficiency and orthodontic bond strength of a dual-cured RMGI.

Setting and Sample Population –  The Orthodontics Graduate Program at Marquette University. An in vitro study utilizing 72 freshly extracted human bicuspid teeth.

Materials and Methods –  A RMGI light-cured immediately, 2.5, 5, or 10 min after mixing comprised the experimental groups. Isothermal and dynamic temperature scan differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of the RMGI was performed to determine …

Nonword Repetition And Interactions Among Vocabulary, Phonotactic Probability, And Phonological Awareness In Four Linguistic Groups, Sue Ann S. Lee, Brenda K. Gorman

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

The current study was designed to compare the English nonword repetition accuracy in 7-year-old monolingual English, Korean–English bilingual, Chinese–English bilingual, and Spanish–English bilingual children. The relationships among nonword repetition accuracy, vocabulary, phonological awareness, and phonotactic probability in each group of children were also examined. The results indicated significant differences among the groups’ accuracy of consonants and vowels by syllable length. Different correlational patterns emerged among nonword repetition accuracy, vocabulary, and phonological awareness. Theoretical and clinical implications for the use of nonword repetition tasks for children from various linguistic backgrounds are discussed.

A Standardized Evidence-Based Model Of Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Practice: A Quest For The Holy Grail?, Guy G. Simoneau

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The growth of knowledge in orthopaedic physical therapy practice is on an exponential trajectory. This growth is occurring simultaneously for many aspects of evidence-based practice: diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and harm – with increasingly more sophisticated basic science and mechanistic studies guiding and supporting the clinical research endeavors. Just how close are we to the day when we can clearly establish the accuracy of our diagnoses, regardless of the model used, and then can confidently inform our patients of the most effective treatment approach and the expected outcomes, as well as any potential harm? This knowledge is being created now, and …

The Effect Of Movement Rate And Complexity On Functional Magnetic Resonance Signal Change During Pedaling, Jay P. Mehta, Matthew D. Verber, Jon A. Wieser, Brian D. Schmit, Sheila M. Schindler-Ivens

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to record human brain activity during slow (30 RPM), fast (60 RPM), passive (30 RPM), and variable rate pedaling. Ten healthy adults participated. After identifying regions of interest, the intensity and volume of brain activation in each region was calculated and compared across conditions (p < .05). Results showed that the primary sensory and motor cortices (S1, M1), supplementary motor area (SMA), and cerebellum (Cb) were active during pedaling. The intensity of activity in these areas increased with increasing pedaling rate and complexity. The Cb was the only brain region that showed significantly lower activity during passive as compared with active pedaling. We conclude that M1, S1, SMA, and Cb have a role in modifying continuous, bilateral, multijoint lower extremity movements. Much of this brain activity may be driven by sensory signals from the moving limbs.

A Comparison Of Torsional Stress Properties Of Three Different Nickel-Titanium Files With Similar Cross-Sectional Design, Reid Wycoff

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The purpose of this study was to compare the in vitro torsional stress characteristics of Twisted Files (SybronEndo, Orange, CA) with two milled files of similar cross section, EndoSequence (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA) and ProFile Vortex (DENTSPLY Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK).

Files of size 25/.06 and 30/.06 from the three file types were compared (n=20/group). Torsional stress resistance was evaluated by measuring the torque in gram-centimeters (g-cm) and angle of rotation (degrees) required for instrument separation with use of a torsiometer instrument. The fractured files were examined using SEM to look at deformation and fracture surface characteristics. The data was …

Comparison Of The Efficacy Of Various Ibuprofen And Acetaminophen Regimens On The Treatment Of Post-Endodontic Pain, Erik Deyoung

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of taking ibuprofen and acetaminophen at the same time versus alternating the same medications in patients with a diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.

Materials and Methods: Ten patients who presented for root canal therapy with a diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were included in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Following root canal therapy, the patients in group A were instructed to take ibuprofen 600 mg and acetaminophen 1000 mg every six hours. Patients in group B were instructed to take ibuprofen 600 mg, wait three …

The Effect Of Water Storage On Bending Properties Of Esthetic, Fiber-Reinforced Composite Orthodontic Wires, Ju-Han Chang

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: The translucent optical property of fiber-reinforced composite wires meets the esthetic demand of orthodontic patients; however, studies need to be conducted to determine if they also have the desired mechanical properties for active orthodontic treatment. The goal of this research was to study the effect of water storage on the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composite archwires and compare it to conventional nickel-titanium (NiTi) and stainless steel (SS), and beta-titanium (TMA) archwires. Materials and Methods: Align A, B, C and TorQ A, B from BioMers Products, 0.014", 0.016", 0.018", 0.019" x 0.025" Nitinol Classic (3M Unitek), 0.016" SS, and 0.019 …

Postoperative Pain After The Use Of A Dexamethasone Rinse As An Irrigant Prior To Obturation, Sushant Mahajan

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: This randomized, single-blind pilot study was to determine the effect of dexamethasone on post-operative pain when used as an intracanal rinse prior to obturation.

Materials and Methods: Ten adult volunteers were enrolled. They presented to the Marquette University School of Dentistry for endodontic treatment and experienced pain from irreversible pulpitis. The patients were randomly assigned to either the control group that received standard of care treatment or the experimental group that received the rinse with 4 mg/mL dexamethasone solution prior to obturation. Before and after treatment, the patients recorded their pain level on the numeric rating scale (NRS). Recordings …

Intra- And Inter-Examiner Reliability And Inter-Method Comparison In Physical Anthropometry And Photogrammetry, Nikolay Mollov

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: Orthodontic treatment can often effect changes in the facial complex. In order to assess what those changes are, precise and reliable methods for measuring facial structures need to be used. While the techniques used for measuring have become increasingly more sophisticated they have also become more expensive and cumbersome for daily use. This study investigated the reliability of two methods, physical anthropometry and photogrammetry, that were inexpensive and relatively easy to set up.

Materials and Methods: Ten examiners measured a sample comprised of 20 dental students (10 male, 10 female) twice over three weeks. Eighteen measurements were acquired directly …

The Effect Of Extracorporeal Shock Wave (Esw) On Cementoblasts In Vitro, Joshua Barta

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Root resorption is an adverse consequence of orthodontic treatment, and currently no effective treatment method exists. Extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) has been applied to enhance angiogenesis, growth and healing of bone, but the effects of ESW on root resorption have not been studied. Cementoblasts are the cells responsible for forming and repairing cementum covering the dental root, and ESW may enhance this reparative process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ESW on cementoblasts to determine if ESW could potentially be used to treat root resorption. OCCM.30 cementoblasts were prepared in suspension at a density of …

Shared Care Dyadic Intervention: Outcome Patterns For Heart Failure Care Partners, Margaret Sebern, Aimee Woda

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Up to half of heart failure (HF) patients are readmitted to hospitals within 6 months of discharge. Many readmissions are linked to inadequate self-care or family support. To improve care, practitioners may need to intervene with both the HF patient and family caregiver. Despite the recognition that family interventions improve patient outcomes, there is a lack of evidence to support dyadic interventions in HF. Thus, the purpose of this study was to test the Shared Care Dyadic Intervention (SCDI) designed to improve self-care in HF. The theoretical base of the SCDI was a construct called Shared Care. Shared Care represents …

Corticomotor Excitability During A Noxious Stimulus And Following Exercise In Women With Fibromyalgia, Marie K. Hoeger Bement, Andy Weyer, Tejin Yoon, Sandra K. Hunter

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Abstracts Presented At The Prosthodontic Research Section Of Iadr General Sessions 2004–2005: Demographics, Publication Rates, And Factors Contributing To Publication, Damian J. Lee, Judy Chia-Chun Yuan, Soni Prasad, Valentim A. R. Barao, Nodesh Shyamsunder, Cortino Sukotjo

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to describe the demographics of abstracts presented at the prosthodontics section of IADR General Sessions from 2004 to 2005, evaluate the publication rate of abstracts, and analyze the relationship between variables in abstracts and publication.

Materials and Methods: Prosthodontics research section abstracts from the IADR General Session in 2004 and 2005 were evaluated for: number of authors, presentation type, origin, affiliation, topic, study design, statistics, study outcome, and funding. The publication rate was calculated following a PubMed search. The journal of publication, year of publication, and the length of time before publication were …

Bonding With Self-Etching Primers – Pumice Or Pre-Etch? An In Vitro Study, Ian J. Fitzgerald, Gerard T. Bradley, Jose A. Bosio, Arthur F. Hefti, David W. Berzins

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strengths (SBSs) of orthodontic brackets bonded with self-etching primer (SEP) using different enamel surface preparations. A two-by-two factorial study design was used. Sixty human premolars were harvested, cleaned, and randomly assigned to four groups (n = 15 per group). Teeth were bathed in saliva for 48 hours to form a pellicle. Treatments were assigned as follows: group 1 was pumiced for 10 seconds and pre-etched for 5 seconds with 37 per cent phosphoric acid before bonding with SEP (Transbond Plus). Group 2 was pumiced for 10 seconds before …

Push-Pull Control Of Motor Output, Michael D. Johnson, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Marin Manuel, C J. Heckman

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Inhibition usually decreases input–output excitability of neurons. If, however, inhibition is coupled to excitation in a push–pull fashion, where inhibition decreases as excitation increases, neuron excitability can be increased. Although the presence of push–pull organization has been demonstrated in single cells, its functional impact on neural processing depends on its effect on the system level. We studied push–pull in the motor output stage of the feline spinal cord, a system that allows independent control of inhibitory and excitatory components. Push–pull organization was clearly present in ankle extensor motoneurons, producing increased peak-to-peak modulation of synaptic currents. The effect at the system …

Cannabinoid Receptor Involvement In Stress-Induced Cocaine Reinstatement: Potential Interaction With Noradrenergic Pathways, Linda K. Vaughn, John R. Mantsch, Oliver Vranjkovic, G. Stroh, M. Lacourt, M. Kreutter, Cecilia J. Hillard

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

This study examined the role of endocannabinoid signaling in stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking and explored the interaction between noradrenergic and endocannabinergic systems in the process. A well-validated preclinical model for human relapse, the rodent conditioned place preference assay, was used. Cocaine-induced place preference was established in C57BL/6 mice using injections of 15 mg/kg cocaine. Following extinction of preference for the cocaine-paired environment, reinstatement of place preference was determined following 6 min of swim stress or cocaine injection (15 mg/kg, i.p.). The role of endocannabinoid signaling was studied using the cannabinoid antagonist AM-251 (3 mg/kg, i.p.). Another cohort of mice …

'Computerized Profiling' Of Clinical Language Samples And The Issue Of Time, Steven Long

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

This collection is a resource book for those working with language disordered clients in a range of languages. It collects together versions of the well-known Language Assessment Remediation Screening Procedure (LARSP) prepared for different languages. Starting with the original version for English, the book then presents versions in more than a dozen other languages. Some of these are likely to be encountered as home languages of clients by speech-language therapists and pathologists working in the UK, Ireland, the US and Australia and New Zealand. Others are included because they are major languages found where speech-language pathology services are provided, but …

Developing A Screening Measure For Early Detection Of Depressive Symptoms: The Depressive Cognition Scale, Jaclene Zauszniewski, Abir K. Bekhet

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Nearly 10% of American adults experience depressive symptoms each year. Negative thought patterns associated with risk for depression can be identified using a psychometrically sound measure, such as the Depressive Cognition Scale (DCS). However, no meaningful cutoff score has been established for the DCS. This study used a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to establish a DCS cutoff score for risk for depression, using the Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale (CES-D) as the gold standard measure. In a national nondepressed sample of 629 adults, the ROC showed that the DCS accurately discriminated between participants with and without serious depressive thinking …

Supraspinal Fatigue Impedes Recovery From A Low-Intensity Sustained Contraction In Old Adults, Tejin Yoon, Bonnie Schlinder-Delap, Manda L. Keller, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study determined the contribution of supraspinal fatigue and contractile properties to the age difference in neuromuscular fatigue during and recovery from a low-intensity sustained contraction. Cortical stimulation was used to evoke measures of voluntary activation and muscle relaxation during and after a contraction sustained at 20% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until task failure with elbow flexor muscles in 14 young adults (20.9 ± 3.6 yr, 7 men) and 14 old adults (71.6 ± 5.4 yr, 7 men). Old adults exhibited a longer time to task failure than the young adults (23.8 ± 9.0 vs. 11.5 ± 3.9 min, …

Catecholamines In The Bed Nucleus Of The Stria Terminalis Reciprocally Respond To Reward And Aversion, Robert A. Wheeler

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Traditionally, norepinephrine has been associated with stress responses, whereas dopamine has been associated with reward. Both of these catecholamines are found within the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), a brain relay nucleus in the extended amygdala between cortical/limbic centers, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Despite this colocalization, little is known about subsecond catecholamine signaling in subregions of the BNST in response to salient stimuli.

Methods

Changes in extracellular catecholamine concentration in subregions of the BNST in response to salient stimuli were measured within the rat BNST with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon-fiber microelectrodes.

Results

A discrete subregional distribution …

L-Tetrahydropalamatine: A Potential New Medication For The Treatment Of Cocaine Addiction, Jia Bei Wang​, John R. Mantsch

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Levo-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) is an active constituent of herbal preparations containing plant species of the genera Stephania and Corydalis and has been approved and used in China for a number of clinical indications under the drug name Rotundine. The pharmacological profile of l-THP, which includes antagonism of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors and actions at dopamine D3, α adrenergic and serotonin receptors, suggests that it may have utility for treating cocaine addiction. In this review, we provide an overview of the pharmacological properties of l-THP and the evidence supporting its development as an anti-addiction medication. The results …

Secrets Of Successful Short Grant Applications, Patricia S. Groves, Susan M. Rawl, Mary E. Wurzbach, Nancy Fahrenwald, Marlene Z. Cohen, Donna O. Mccarthy, Julie Zerwic, Barbara Given, Donna L. Algase, Gregory L. Alexander, Vicki Conn

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Nursing doctoral programs prepare students for research-focused careers within academic settings. The purpose of this Editorial Board Special Article is to provide PhD students and advisors with suggestions for making the most of their doctoral experience. Editorial Board members provide their individual insights on the skills and attributes students must acquire during the course of their doctoral education in order to succeed. The authors provide practical tips and advice on how to excel in a PhD program, including how to select an advisor and a dissertation committee, the importance of attending conferences to increase visibility and develop a network of …

Slow-Growing Gingival Mass, Yeshwant B. Rawal, Denise Mustiful-Martin, Molly S. Rosebush, Kenneth M. Anderson, Harry H. Mincer

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

A 33-year-old woman presented with a slow growing palatal gingival mass. The clinical differential diagnosis included benign tumors and tumor-like lesions, including the pyogenic granuloma, peripheral giant cell granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, giant cell fibroma, peripheral odontogenic tumors, and oral focal mucinosis.

Study design

The lesion was excised and histopathological examination followed by immunohistochemical staining was carried out.

Results

The microscopic findings and the immunohistochemical reactivity was diagnostic for a nerve sheath myxoma.

Randomized Comparison Of Two Internet-Supported Natural Family Planning Methods (Preliminary Findings), Richard J. Fehring, Mary Schneider

Randomized Comparison of Two Internet-Supported Methods of Natural Family Planning

The aims of this study were to determine and compare efficacy, satisfaction, ease of use, and motivation in using an internet-based method of Natural Family Planning (NFP) that utilizes either electronic hormonal fertility monitoring (EHFM) or cervical-mucus monitoring (CMM). Four hundred fifty women (mean age 30.1) and their male partners (mean age 31.9) who sought to avoid pregnancy were randomized into either an EHFM (N=228) or CMM NFP group (N=222). Both groups utilized a Web site that provided NFP instructions, an electronic charting system, and support from professional nurses. Participants were assessed for satisfaction, ease of use, and motivation in …

A Method To Assess The Organizing Behaviors Used In Physicians' Counseling Of Standardized Parents After Newborn Genetic Screening, Stephanie A. Christopher, Nadia Y. Ahmad, Lisa Bradford, Jenelle Collins, Kerry L. Eskra, Alison La Pean Kirschner, Faith O. O'Tool, Sara J. Roedl, Michael H. Farrell

College of Professional Studies Faculty Research and Publications

Well-organized conversation can improve people’s ability to comprehend and retain information. As part of a long-term effort to adapt Quality Improvement techniques for communication, we developed an explicit criteria method to assess usage of three organizing behaviors (OBs): ‘opening behaviors’ to establish goals; ‘structuring behaviors’ to guide patients through conversation; and ‘emphasizing behaviors’ that signal a need for attention. Pairs of abstractors independently reviewed transcripts in a demonstration sample of conversations between physicians and standardized parents after newborn screening identifies carrier status for sickle cell disease. Criteria for at least one OB were identified in 50/84 transcripts (60%), including 27 …

Sleep Characteristics In Patients With Whiplash-Associated Disorders: A Descriptive Study, Jay S. Greenstein, Barton Bishop, Jean Edward, Allen Huffman, Danielle Davis, Robert V. Topp

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Study Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore sleep habits and characteristics of patients with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) presenting at an outpatient, chiropractic clinic using the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Sleep Scale.

Methods: Fifty-one patients from an outpatient chiropractic and physical therapy clinic specializing in spinal rehabilitation participated in this cross-sectional, descriptive study. Data were collected using a descriptive survey, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Neck Disability Index (NDI), and the self-administered 12-item MOS Sleep Scale. Data analysis included descriptive statistics to describe pain, disability, and sleep characteristics of the study sample, and computation of …