Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Orthodontic Bond Strength Comparison Between Two Filled Resin Sealants, James Kolstad

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Sealants are used in orthodontics to help prevent demineralization during treatment. The objective of this study was to determine if there is a difference in the shear bond strength (SBS) between two different resin sealants bonded to teeth. Materials and Methods: Extracted human premolars (n=20/group) were randomly divided and prepared by acid etching, followed by application of primer or sealant. Group 1, the control group, used Transbond XT Primer (3M Unitek). Groups 2 and 3 were prepared with the sealants L.E.D. Pro Seal (Reliance Orthodontic Products) and Opal Seal (Opal Orthodontics) respectively. Transbond XT Adhesive was applied to a …

Application Of Mechanical Vibration To Enhance The Stability After Orthodontic Treatment - A Micro - Ct Study, Nicolas Branshaw

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Mechanical vibration (MV) possesses anti-resorptive properties that can possibly enhance the stability of the dentition during retention, lessening the potential for relapse of teeth to their initial positions. In this project, we established a mouse model and investigated the effects of MV on bone modeling during orthodontic retention. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two 14-week-old inbred strain C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned into four groups: 1) Control (N=6); 2) Mechanical Vibration (MV) (N =6); 3) Orthodontic Retention (OR) (N=9); and 4) Orthodontic Retention and Mechanical Vibration (ORMV) (N=11). All mice in OR and ORMV groups received approximately 10g of orthodontic …

Inference And Analysis Of Multilayered Mirna-Mediated Networks In Cancer, Duc Do

Dissertations (1934 -)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding transcripts that can regulate gene expression, thereby controlling diverse biological processes. Aberrant disruptions of miRNA expression and their interactions with other biological agents (e.g., coding and noncoding transcripts) have been associated with several types of cancer. The goal of this dissertation is to use multidimensional genomic data to model two different gene regulation mechanisms by miRNAs in cancer. This dissertation results from two research projects. The first project investigates a miRNA-mediated gene regulation mechanism called competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) interactions, which suggests that some transcripts can indirectly regulate one another's activity through their interactions with …

Understanding Relationships Between Early Life Toxic Stress, Childhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage, And Allostatic Load In Adolescence, Amanda King

Dissertations (1934 -)

Chronic disease prevalence among children and adolescents is rising, which is thought to result in part from elevations in allostatic load (AL). AL is the cumulative physiological dysregulation that results from exposure to biological, social and environmental stressors over time. Socioeconomic disparities in chronic disease and AL have been well-documented in adult populations, including links between childhood socioeconomic disadvantage (CSD) and AL, yet little is known as to whether CSD may begin to impact AL earlier in life. Differential exposure and vulnerability to stress among racial/ethnic minorities may increase risk for elevated AL among those experiencing CSD. Framed by the …

Nurses’ Experiences Empowering Hospitalized Patients, Teresa Jerofke-Owen, Margaret J. Bull

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Four focus groups were conducted to explore acute care nurses’ experiences empowering patients and the facilitators and barriers they encountered during the process. Thirty-four nurses employed at four hospitals in the Midwestern United States participated in the study between February and April 2015. Facilitators of empowerment included establishing a therapeutic relationship, fostering communication, providing education, respecting patient autonomy, engaging support systems, and lifting spirit/giving hope. Barriers included conflicting information about plans of care, lack of time, fear and anxiety over unfamiliar environments and routines, ineffective or inadequate support systems, lack of/low accountability, and killing the soul. Nurses also described innovative …

Photovoice: A Research Method And Intervention To Engage Older Adults, Aimee A. Woda, Kristin Haglund, Ruth Ann Belknap, Elizabeth Cleek

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of the current article is to describe the use of photovoice with individuals from vulnerable population groups. Ten African American men and women ages 66 to 72 with heart failure from three different low income public housing facilities were recruited for participation in a qualitative photovoice project. Participants were given 5 weeks to take photographs of images that represented facilitators of and barriers to engaging in self-care behaviors. Each week, participants met as a group to discuss the photographs and their meanings to other participants. The photovoice method was empowering to participants, easy to use, and shown to …

Mgmt Inhibition In Er Positive Breast Cancer Leads To Cdc2, Top2a, Aur, Cdc20, Kiff20a, Cyclin A2, Cyclin B2, Cyclin D1, Erα And Survivin Inhibition And Enhances Response To Temozolomide, George Bobustuc, Amin Kassam, Richard Rovin, Sheila Jeudy, Joshua S. Smith, Beth Isley, Maharaj Singh, Nathan David Sassoon, Kalkunte S. Srivenugopal, Santhi Konduri

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The DNA damage repair enzyme, O⁶-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is overexpressed in breast cancer, correlating directly with estrogen receptor (ER) expression and function. In ER negative breast cancer the MGMT promoter is frequently methylated. In ER positive breast cancer MGMT is upregulated and modulates ER function. Here, we evaluate MGMT’s role in control of other clinically relevant targets involved in cell cycle regulation during breast cancer oncogenesis. We show that O⁶-benzylguanine (BG), an MGMT inhibitor decreases CDC2, CDC20, TOP2A, AURKB, KIF20A, cyclin B2, A2, D1, ERα and survivin and induces c-PARP and p21 and sensitizes ER …

Light Chain Diversity Among The Botulinum Neurotoxins, Alexander Gardner, Joseph T. Barbieri

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are produced by several species of clostridium. There are seven immunologically unique BoNT serotypes (A–G). The Centers for Disease Control classifies BoNTs as ‘Category A’ select agents and are the most lethal protein toxins for humans. Recently, BoNT-like proteins have also been identified in several non-clostridia. BoNTs are di-chain proteins comprised of an N-terminal zinc metalloprotease Light Chain (LC) and a C-terminal Heavy Chain (HC) which includes the translocation and receptor binding domains. The two chains are held together by a disulfide bond. The LC cleaves Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs). The cleavage of SNAREs …

Total Energy Expenditure And Body Composition Of Children With Developmental Disabilities, Michele L. Polfuss, Kathleen J. Sawin, Paula E. Papanek, Linda Bandini, Bethany Forseth, Andrea Moosreiner, Kimberley Zvara, Dale A. Schoeller

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Obesity prevalence is increased in children with developmental disabilities, specifically in children with spina bifida and Down syndrome. Energy expenditure, a critical aspect of weight management, has been extensively studied in the typically developing population, but not adequately studied in children with developmental disabilities.

Objective

Determine energy expenditure, fat-free mass and body fat percentile and the impact of these findings on recommended caloric intake in children with spina bifida and Down syndrome.

Methods/Measures

This pilot study included 36 children, 18 with spina bifida, 9 with Down syndrome and 9 typically developing children. Half of the children with spina bifida …

Pre-Death Grief, Resourcefulness And Perceived Stress Among Care Givers Of Partners With Young Onset Dementia, Karie Kobiske

Dissertations (1934 -)

Over 200,000 Americans are diagnosed with young onset dementia (YOD). YOD is the dementia diagnosed prior to the age of 65. Most persons of YOD are cared for by their partners. Caregiving for a partner diagnosed with YOD has unique challenges including multiple losses resulting from the functional, cognitive, and behavioral declines which can be demanding and stressful. These losses experienced by the caregiver of a partner diagnosed with YOD have been termed pre-death grief. Caregivers of partners with YOD often report high levels of burden and stress resulting in depression, anxiety, hopelessness, as well as increase morbidity and mortality. …

Dextran Hydrogels Incorporated With Bioactive Glass-Ceramic: Nanocomposite Scaffolds For Bone Tissue Engineering, Parisa Nikpour, Hamed Salimi-Kenari, Farahnaz Fahimipour, Sayed Mahmood Rabiee, Mohammad Imani, Erfan Dashtimoghadam, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

A series of nanocomposite scaffolds comprised of dextran (Dex) and sol–gel derived bioactive glass ceramic nanoparticles (nBGC: 0–16 (wt%)) were fabricated as bioactive scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Scanning electron microscopy showed Dex/nBGC scaffolds were consisting of a porous 3D microstructure with an average pore size of 240 μm. Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy illustrated nBGC nanoparticles were homogenously distributed within the Dex matrix at low nBGC content (2 wt%), while agglomeration was observed at higher nBGC contents. It was found that the osmotic pressure and nBGC agglomeration at higher nBGC contents leads to increased water uptake, then reduction of the compressive …

Percepciones Ante La Preparación Al Alta En Pacientes Médico-Quirúrgicos De Un Hospital De Alta Complejidad, Viviana Silva, Pilar Espinoza Quiroz, Marianne E. Weiss

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objetivo principal:

Analizar la relación entre las percepciones de la calidad de educación al alta y la disposición de pacientes para ser dados de alta.

Metodología:

Se aplicaron la Escala de la Calidad de la Educación al alta (Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale - QDTS) y la Escala para ver si los pacientes están listos para el alta (Readiness Hospital Discharge Scale – RDHS), 1 a 2 horas previas al alta.

Resultados principales:

Los puntajes en la Escala de la Calidad de la Educación al alta explicaron el 22% de la varianza en las …

Organic Cation Transporter 3: A Cellular Mechanism Underlying Rapid, Non-Genomic Glucocorticoid Regulation Of Monoaminergic Neurotransmission, Physiology, And Behavior, Paul J. Gasser, Christopher A. Lowry

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Corticosteroid hormones act at intracellular glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) to alter gene expression, leading to diverse physiological and behavioral responses. In addition to these classical genomic effects, corticosteroid hormones also exert rapid actions on physiology and behavior through a variety of non-genomic mechanisms, some of which involve GR or MR, and others of which are independent of these receptors. One such GR-independent mechanism involves corticosteroid-induced inhibition of monoamine transport mediated by “uptake₂” transporters, including organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3), a low-affinity, high-capacity transporter for norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and histamine. Corticosterone directly and acutely inhibits …

"Sedation Is Tricky" : A Qualitative Content Analysis Of Nurses' Perceptions Of Sedation Administration In Mechanically Ventilated Intensive Care Unit Patients, Breanna Hetland, Jill L. Guttormson, Mary Fran Tracy, Linda L. Chlan

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction

Critical care nurses are responsible for administering sedative medications to mechanically ventilated patients. With significant advancements in the understanding of the impact of sedative exposure on physiological and psychological outcomes of ventilated patients, updated practice guidelines for assessment and management of pain, agitation, and delirium in the intensive care unit were released in 2013. The primary aim of this qualitative study was to identify and describe themes derived from critical care nurses' comments regarding sedation administration practices with mechanically ventilated patients.

Methods

This is a qualitative content analysis of secondary text data captured through a national electronic survey of …

Ischemic Conditioning Increases Strength And Volitional Activation Of Paretic Muscle In Chronic Stroke: A Pilot Study, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Spencer A. Murphy, Jennifer Nguyen, Brian D. Schmit, Francesco Negro, David D. Gutterman, Matthew J. Durand

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Ischemic conditioning (IC) on the arm or leg has emerged as an intervention to improve strength and performance in healthy populations, but the effects on neurological populations are unknown. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of a single session of IC on knee extensor strength and muscle activation in chronic stroke survivors. Maximal knee extensor torque measurements and surface EMG were quantified in 10 chronic stroke survivors (>1 yr poststroke) with hemiparesis before and after a single session of IC or sham on the paretic leg. IC consisted of 5 min of compression with a …

Quality Of Postoperative Pain Management After Maxillofacial Fracture Repair, Andre Peisker, Winfried Meissner, Gregor F. Raschke, Mina D. Fahmy, Arndt Guentsch, Juliane Schiller, Stefan Schultze-Mosgau

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Effective pain management is an essential component in the perioperative care of surgical patients. However, post-operative pain after maxillofacial fracture repair and its optimal therapy has not been described in detail.

Materials and Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 95 adults rated their pain on the first postoperative day after maxillofacial fracture repair using the questionnaire of the Quality Improvement in Postoperative Pain Management (QUIPS) project. Quality Improvement in Postoperative Pain Management allowed for a standardized assessment of patients’ characteristics and pain- related parameters.

Results: Overall, the mean maximal pain and pain on activity (numeric rating scales) were significantly …

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (Pacap) Signaling In The Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Cued Fear Learning, But Not Spatial Working Memory, In Female Rats, Adam J. Kirry, Matthew R. Herbst, Sarah E. Poirier, Michelle M. Maskeri, Amy C. Rothwell, Robert C. Twining, Marieke R. Gilmartin

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

A genetic polymorphism within the gene encoding the pituitary adenylate cyclase- activating polypeptide (PACAP) receptor type I (PAC1R) has recently been associated with hyper-reactivity to threat-related cues in women, but not men, with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PACAP is a highly conserved peptide, whose role in mediating adaptive physiological stress responses is well established. Far less is understood about the contribution of PACAP signaling in emotional learning and memory, particularly the encoding of fear to discrete cues. Moreover, a neurobiological substrate that may account for the observed link between PAC1R and PTSD in women, but not men, has yet to …

Changing Behaviors In Relationships To Prevent Interpersonal Violence: An Anthology Of Short Plays For Young People, Beck Menk, Kristin Haglund, Ruth Ann Belknap

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

These scripts were written by Beck Menk in 2018. The scripts were commissioned by Kristin Haglund & Ruth Ann Belknap as part of their research study at Marquette University College of Nursing.

Dr.'s Haglund and Belknap conducted focus groups with teens ages 13-19 about peer & dating violence. The purpose of that study was to understand behaviors and situations that occurred prior to violence. Our intention was to use the results of that study to create scripts for short plays to teach teens how to recognize behaviors and responses that can escalate violence and to learn how to change those …

Influence Of Contraception Use On The Reproductive Health Of Adolescents And Young Adults, Richard J. Fehring, Thomas Bouchard, Maria Meyers

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Oral contraceptives (OCs) are often prescribed to adolescents and young adults for the treatment of health problems and to avoid unwanted pregnancies. We hypothesized that the use of OCs, among adolescents and young adults, is associated with a greater likelihood of pregnancy, abortion, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and sexual behaviors that will enhance those problems (i.e., earlier sexual debut and more sexual partners) than adolescents and young adults not using OCs. To test this hypothesis, data from 1,365 adolescents and young adults in the 2011–2013 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) were used to describe the …

Cross-Cultural Adaptation Of The Instrument Readiness For Hospital Discharge Scale - Adult Form, Talita Honorato Siqueira, Vanessa Da Silva Carvalho Vila, Marianne E. Weiss

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective:

to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale - (RHDS) Adult Form for use in Brazil.

Method:

a methodological study was conducted in 2015, in Brazil’s federal capital, following the eight stages scientifically established.

Results:

analysis proved the maintenance of semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual equivalences and kept both the face and content validity of the original version. The judging committee and the pre-test participants declared they understood the RHDS items and answer scale.

Conclusion:

the instrument is culturally adapted for Brazil and can be used as one of the stages for planning hospital discharge. …

Sex Differences In Mechanisms Of Recovery After Isometric And Dynamic Fatiguing Tasks, Jonathon Senefeld, Hugo M. Pereira, Nicholas Elliott, Tejin Yoon, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine whether supraspinal mechanisms contribute to the sex difference in fatigability during and recovery from a dynamic and isometric fatiguing task with the knee extensors.

Methods: Transcranial magnetic stimulation and electrical stimulation were used to determine voluntary activation and contractile properties of the knee extensors in 14 men and 17 women (20.8 ± 1.9 yr) after a 1) 60-s sustained, maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and 2) dynamic fatiguing task involving 120 maximal voluntary concentric contractions with a 20% MVIC load.

Results: There were no differences between men and women in the …

The Beneficial Effect Of Weight Reduction On Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes Following Bariatric Surgery Is Attenuated In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Ahmed Dalmar, Maharaj Singh, Bennet Pandey, Christopher Stoming, Zoe Heis, Khawaja Afzal Ammar, M. Fuad Jan, Indrajit Choudhuri, Thomas Y. Chua, Jasbir Sra, A. Jamil Tajik, Arshad Jahangir

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Weight loss after bariatric surgery is associated with reduction in adverse cardiovascular outcomes; however, the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on reduction of cardiovascular outcomes after bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients is not known. We retrospectively assessed differences in cardiovascular events after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB)–induced weight loss in patients with and without OSA before and after propensity score matching for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and major comorbidities between the two groups and determined predictors of poor outcomes. OSA was present in 222 out of 830 patients (27 per cent) who underwent LAGB between 2001 …

Oral Sciences Phd Program Enrollment, Graduates, And Placement: 1994 To 2016, C. R. Herzog, David W. Berzins, P. Denbesten, R. L. Gregory, K. M. Hargreaves, R. L.W. Messer, M. Mina, M. P. Mooney, M. L. Paine, C. Phillips, R. B. Presland, R. G. Quivey, F. A. Scannapieco, J F. Sheridan, K. K.H. Svoboda, P. C. Trackman, M. P. Walker, S. G. Walker, C. Y. Wang, J. C.C. Hu

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

For decades, dental schools in the United States have endured a significant faculty shortage. Studies have determined that the top 2 sources of dental faculty are advanced education programs and private practice. Those who have completed both DDS and PhD training are considered prime candidates for dental faculty positions. However, there is no national database to track those trainees and no evidence to indicate that they entered academia upon graduation. The objective of this study was to assess outcomes of dental school–affiliated oral sciences PhD program enrollment, graduates, and placement between 1994 and 2016. Using the American Dental Association annual …

A Hemispherical Contact Model For Simplifying 3d Occlusal Surfaces, Miguel Castro-Garcia, Pedro Ángel Moreno-Cabello, Miguel Ángel Rubio-Paramio, Pilar Carranza-Cañadas, Geoffrey A. Thompson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Statement of problem

Currently, dental articulators can recreate mandibular movements and occlusal contacts. However, whether virtual articulators can also provide information about occluding dental surfaces, functional movements, and the mandibular condyles is unclear.

Purpose

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the occluding surfaces on dental casts obtained from a patient and approximate them to a hemispherical contact model. Both models were tested by digitizing the Dentatus ARL dental articulator.

Material and methods

A combination of photogrammetry and structure from motion methods were used to scan a Dentatus ARL articulator and representative dental casts. Using computer-aided engineering …

Clinical Long-Term Success Of Contemporary Nano-Filled Resin Composites In Class I And Ii Restorations Cured By Led Or Halogen Light, Torsten Pflaum, Stefan Kranz, Regina Montag, Arndt Guentsch, Andrea Völpel, Robin Mills, Klaus Jandt, Bernd Sigusch

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

The use of LED light-curing units (LED LCUs) for polymerising resin-based composite restorations has become widespread throughout dentistry. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of clinical longitudinal studies that evaluate the comparative efficacy of LED-based polymerisation in direct posterior composite restorations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the performance of class I and II resin composite restorations for two successful composite restorative materials cured with LED versus halogen LCUs.

Methods

One hundred restorations were placed using the nano-filled composites Grandio® or Filtek™ Supremé. The following test groups were established: LED-Grandio® n = 23 (LG), LED-Filtek™ Supremé n …

Analysis Of Flexural Strength And Contact Pressure After Simulated Chairside Adjustment Of Pressed Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramic, Ali Ramadhan, Geoffrey A. Thompson, Georgios Maroulakos, David W. Berzins

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Statement of problem

Research evaluating load-to-failure of pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDGC) with a clinically validated test after adjustment and repair procedures is scarce.

Purpose

The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of the simulated chairside adjustment of the intaglio surface of monolithic pressed LDGC and procedures intended to repair damage.

Material and methods

A total of 423 IPS e.max Press (Ivoclar Vivadent AG) disks (15 mm diameter, 1 mm height) were used in the study. The material was tested by using an equibiaxial loading arrangement (n≥30/group) and a contact pressure test (n≥20/group). Specimens were …

Health Care Transition Experience Of Emerging Adults With Sickle Cell Disease: Preliminary Results, Dora L. Clayton-Jones

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Patterns Of Physical Activity In Sedentary Older Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes, Pearl G. Lee, Jinkyung Ha, Caroline S. Blaum, Kimberlee A. Gretebeck, Neil B. Alexander

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

The Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) survey, summarized into weekly caloric expenditures, is a common physical activity (PA) assessment tool among older adults. Specific types of PA reported in the CHAMPS have not been systematically analyzed. We applied latent class analysis to identify the patterns of PA among sedentary older adults with diabetes reported in the CHAMPS survey.

Methods

Latent class models of PA were identified using the CHAMPS survey data reported by 115 individuals aged ≥60 years with type 2 diabetes whom volunteered for a clinical study of PA. Multinomial logistic regression was used to …

Systemic Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia Following Isometric Exercise Reduces Conditioned Pain Modulation, Ali Alsouhibani, Henrik Bjarke Vaegter, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

Physically active individuals show greater conditioned pain modulation (CPM) compared with less active individuals. Understanding the effects of acute exercise on CPM may allow for a more targeted use of exercise in the management of pain. This study investigated the effects of acute isometric exercise on CPM. In addition, the between-session and within-session reliability of CPM was investigated.

Design

Experimental, randomized crossover study.

Setting

Laboratory at Marquette University.

Subjects

Thirty healthy adults (19.3±1.5 years, 15 males).

Methods

Subjects underwent CPM testing before and after isometric exercise (knee extension, 30% maximum voluntary contraction for three minutes) and quiet rest in …

Compressed Sensing For Few-View Multi-Pinhole Spect With Applications To Preclinical Imaging, Benjamin Michael Rizzo

Dissertations (1934 -)

Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) can be used to identify and quantify changes in molecular and cellular targets involved in disease. A radiopharmaceutical that targets a specific metabolic function is administered to a subject and planar projections are formed by imaging emissions at different view angles around the subject. The reconstruction task is to determine the distribution of radioactivity within the subject from the projections. We present a reconstruction approach that utilizes only a few view angles, resulting in a highly underdetermined system, which could be used for dynamic imaging applications designed to quantify physiologic processes altered with disease. …