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Articles 1591 - 1620 of 2038

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Eets Elicit Direct Increases In Pulmonary Arterial Pressure In Mice, Sharath Kandhi, Ghezal Froogh, Jun Qin, Meng Luo, Michael S. Wolin, An Huang, Dong Sun May 2016

Eets Elicit Direct Increases In Pulmonary Arterial Pressure In Mice, Sharath Kandhi, Ghezal Froogh, Jun Qin, Meng Luo, Michael S. Wolin, An Huang, Dong Sun

NYMC Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: The biological role of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) in the regulation of pulmonary circulation is currently under debate. We hypothesized that EETs initiate increases in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) via perhaps, pulmonary vasoconstriction. METHODS: Mice were anesthetized with isoflurane. Three catheters, inserted into the left jugular vein, the left carotid artery, and the right jugular vein, were used for infusing EETs, monitoring blood pressure (BP), and RVSP respectively. BP and RVSP were continuously recorded at basal conditions, in response to administration of 4 regioisomeric EETs (5,6-EET; 8,9-EET; 11,12-EET, and 14,15-EET; 1, 2, 5 and 10 ng/g body weight (BW) …

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20-Hete-Induced Mitochondrial Superoxide Production And Inflammatory Phenotype In Vascular Smooth Muscle Is Prevented By Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibition, Anand Lakhkar, Vidhi Dhagia, Sachindra Raj Joshi, Katherine Gotlinger, Dhara Patel, Dong Sun, Michael S. Wolin, Michal L. Schwartzman, Sachin A. Gupte May 2016

20-Hete-Induced Mitochondrial Superoxide Production And Inflammatory Phenotype In Vascular Smooth Muscle Is Prevented By Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibition, Anand Lakhkar, Vidhi Dhagia, Sachindra Raj Joshi, Katherine Gotlinger, Dhara Patel, Dong Sun, Michael S. Wolin, Michal L. Schwartzman, Sachin A. Gupte

NYMC Faculty Publications

20-Hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acid (20-HETE) produced by cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases in NADPH-dependent manner is proinflammatory, and it contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic and pulmonary hypertension. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a major source of NADPH in the cell, prevents 20-HETE synthesis and 20-HETE-induced proinflammatory signaling that promotes secretory phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells. Lipidomic analysis indicated that G6PD inhibition and knockdown decreased 20-HETE levels in pulmonary arteries as well as 20-HETE-induced 1) mitochondrial superoxide production, 2) activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 and 3, 3) phosphorylation of ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 that …

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Sirtuins, Cell Senescence, And Vascular Aging, Yujiro Kida, Michael S. Goligorsky May 2016

Sirtuins, Cell Senescence, And Vascular Aging, Yujiro Kida, Michael S. Goligorsky

NYMC Faculty Publications

The sirtuins (SIRTs) constitute a class of proteins with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase or adenosine diphosphate-ribosyltransferase activity. Seven SIRT family members have been identified in mammals, from SIRT1, the best studied for its role in vascular aging, to SIRT7. SIRT1 and SIRT2 are localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 are mitochondrial, and SIRT6 and SIRT7 are nuclear. Extensive studies have clearly revealed that SIRT proteins regulate diverse cell functions and responses to stressors. Vascular aging involves the aging process (senescence) of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Two types of cell senescence have been identified: (1) …

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Assessing Next-Generation Sequencing And 4 Bioinformatics Tools For Detection Of Enterovirus D68 And Other Respiratory Viruses In Clinical Samples, Weihua Huang, Guiqing Wang, Henry Lin, Jian Zhuge, Sheila M. Nolan, Eric Vail, Nevenka Dimitrova, John T. Fallon May 2016

Assessing Next-Generation Sequencing And 4 Bioinformatics Tools For Detection Of Enterovirus D68 And Other Respiratory Viruses In Clinical Samples, Weihua Huang, Guiqing Wang, Henry Lin, Jian Zhuge, Sheila M. Nolan, Eric Vail, Nevenka Dimitrova, John T. Fallon

NYMC Faculty Publications

We used 4 different bioinformatics algorithms to evaluate the application of a metagenomic shot-gun sequencing method in detection of Enterovirus D68 and other respiratory viruses in clinical specimens. Our data supported that next-generation sequencing, combined with improved bioinformatics tools, is practically feasible and useful for clinical diagnosis of viral infections.

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Association Of Ecological Factors With Rift Valley Fever Occurrence And Mapping Of Risk Zones In Kenya, Gladys Mosomtai, Magnus Evander, Per Sandström, Clas Ahlm, Rosemary Sang, Osama Ahmed Hassan, Hippolyte Affognon, Tobias Landmann May 2016

Association Of Ecological Factors With Rift Valley Fever Occurrence And Mapping Of Risk Zones In Kenya, Gladys Mosomtai, Magnus Evander, Per Sandström, Clas Ahlm, Rosemary Sang, Osama Ahmed Hassan, Hippolyte Affognon, Tobias Landmann

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Objective: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne infection with great impact on animal and human health. The objectives of this study were to identify ecological factors that explain the risk of RVF outbreaks in eastern and central Kenya and to produce a spatially explicit risk map. Methods: The sensitivity of seven selected ecological variables to RVF occurrence was assessed by generalized linear modelling (GLM). Vegetation seasonality variables (from normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data) and 'evapotranspiration' (ET) (metrics) were obtained from 0.25-1 km MODIS satellite data observations; 'livestock density' (N/km2), 'elevation' (m), and 'soil ratio' (fraction of all significant …

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Microarray-Based Comparative Genomic And Transcriptome Analysis Of Borrelia Burgdorferi, Radha Iyer, Ira Schwartz Apr 2016

Microarray-Based Comparative Genomic And Transcriptome Analysis Of Borrelia Burgdorferi, Radha Iyer, Ira Schwartz

NYMC Faculty Publications

Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochetal agent of Lyme disease, is maintained in nature in a cycle involving a tick vector and a mammalian host. Adaptation to the diverse conditions of temperature, pH, oxygen tension and nutrient availability in these two environments requires the precise orchestration of gene expression. Over 25 microarray analyses relating to B. burgdorferi genomics and transcriptomics have been published. The majority of these studies has explored the global transcriptome under a variety of conditions and has contributed substantially to the current understanding of B. burgdorferi transcriptional regulation. In this review, we present a summary of these studies with …

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Renewable Resources: The New “Fossil Fuel”, Christopher Huynh, Crystal Vinuya, Gabriel Samaniego, Desiree Caceres, Yessica Moran Apr 2016

Renewable Resources: The New “Fossil Fuel”, Christopher Huynh, Crystal Vinuya, Gabriel Samaniego, Desiree Caceres, Yessica Moran

Scholarly and Creative Works Conference (2015 - 2021)

Creating ethanol from renewable resources that can be found around our school campus.

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Involvement Of Gap Junctions Between Smooth Muscle Cells In Sustained Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction Development: A Potential Role For 15-Hete And 20-Hete, Igor V. Kizub, Anand Lakhkar, Vidhi Dhagia, Sachindra R. Joshi, Houli Jiang, Michael S. Wolin, John R. Falck, Sreenivasulu Reddy Koduru, Ramu Errabelli, Elizabeth R. Jacobs, Michal L. Schwartzman, Sachin A. Gupte Apr 2016

Involvement Of Gap Junctions Between Smooth Muscle Cells In Sustained Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction Development: A Potential Role For 15-Hete And 20-Hete, Igor V. Kizub, Anand Lakhkar, Vidhi Dhagia, Sachindra R. Joshi, Houli Jiang, Michael S. Wolin, John R. Falck, Sreenivasulu Reddy Koduru, Ramu Errabelli, Elizabeth R. Jacobs, Michal L. Schwartzman, Sachin A. Gupte

NYMC Faculty Publications

In response to hypoxia, the pulmonary artery normally constricts to maintain optimal ventilation-perfusion matching in the lung, but chronic hypoxia leads to the development of pulmonary hypertension. The mechanisms of sustained hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the role of gap junctions (GJs) between smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the sustained HPV development and involvement of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites in GJ-mediated signaling. Vascular tone was measured in bovine intrapulmonary arteries (BIPAs) using isometric force measurement technique. Expression of contractile proteins was determined by Western blot. AA metabolites in the bath fluid …

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Are Healthcare Providers Prepared To Provide Care For The Lgbt Community?, Sam Dao Apr 2016

Are Healthcare Providers Prepared To Provide Care For The Lgbt Community?, Sam Dao

Scholarly and Creative Works Conference (2015 - 2021)

Current research generally questions that the healthcare system does not provide as adequate services for the LGBT community as there are for heterosexuals. Baumle’s research show that health care benefits were not equal for LGBT and provided health insurance percentages were lower for gays and lesbians than for heterosexuals (2014). Understanding and improving the factors that influence the health of LGBT people is limited due the the lack of population-based data (The Pride Study 2015). In order to begin improving the health and health care of the LGBT community, awareness and practice of providing appropriate care for this certain population …

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Uncertainty And Sensitivity Analysis Of A Rift Valley Fever Model, S. A. Pedro, H. E.Z. Tonnang, S. Abelman Apr 2016

Uncertainty And Sensitivity Analysis Of A Rift Valley Fever Model, S. A. Pedro, H. E.Z. Tonnang, S. Abelman

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a vector-borne viral disease with pronounced health and economic impacts on domestic animals and humans in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Using techniques of uncertainty and sensitivity analysis (both local derivatives and sampling-based methods) of a mathematical model for RVF transmission in livestock by two population of mosquitoes (Aedes and Culex). We systematically investigate the relative importance of each model parameter for both disease epidemic and endemic activities. The relationship between vertical transmission and basic reproduction number reveals that during epidemic activities vertical transmission accelerates the course of the outbreak as it increases the size of …

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Serotonin As A Putative Scavenger Of Hypohalous Acid In The Brain, Mike Kalogiannis, E James Delikatny, Thomas M. Jeitner Apr 2016

Serotonin As A Putative Scavenger Of Hypohalous Acid In The Brain, Mike Kalogiannis, E James Delikatny, Thomas M. Jeitner

NYMC Faculty Publications

Neurodegenerative disorders represent the culmination of numerous insults including oxidative stress. The long etiology of most of these disorders suggests that lessening the effects of one or more of the insults could significantly delay disease onset. Antioxidants have been tested as possible therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders, but with little success. Here we report that serotonin acts as a scavenger of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in the brain. Serotonin was shown to prevent the oxidation of 2-thio-5-nitrobenzoate by HOCl in a biphasic manner. The first phase was a partial scavenging that occurred at concentrations of serotonin that exceeded those of HOCl. (1)H-NMR …

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Translating Genomic Advances To Physical Therapist Practice: A Closer Look At The Nature And Nurture Of Common Diseases, Catherine L. Curtis, Allon Goldberg, Jeffrey A. Kleim, Steven L. Wolf Apr 2016

Translating Genomic Advances To Physical Therapist Practice: A Closer Look At The Nature And Nurture Of Common Diseases, Catherine L. Curtis, Allon Goldberg, Jeffrey A. Kleim, Steven L. Wolf

NYMC Faculty Publications

The Human Genome Project and the International HapMap Project have yielded new understanding of the influence of the human genome on health and disease, advancing health care in significant ways. In personalized medicine, genetic factors are used to identify disease risk and tailor preventive and therapeutic regimens. Insight into the genetic bases of cellular processes is revealing the causes of disease and effects of exercise. Many diseases known to have a major lifestyle contribution are highly influenced by common genetic variants. Genetic variants are associated with increased risk for common diseases such as cardiovascular disease and osteoarthritis. Exercise response also …

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Structure-Activity Relationships For Dna Damage By Alkenylbenzenes In Turkey Egg Fetal Liver, Tetyana Kobets, Jian-Dong Duan, Klaus D. Brunnemann, Sylvain Etter, Benjamin Smith, Gary M. Williams Apr 2016

Structure-Activity Relationships For Dna Damage By Alkenylbenzenes In Turkey Egg Fetal Liver, Tetyana Kobets, Jian-Dong Duan, Klaus D. Brunnemann, Sylvain Etter, Benjamin Smith, Gary M. Williams

NYMC Faculty Publications

Certain alkenylbenzenes (AB), flavoring chemicals naturally occurring in spices and herbs, are established to be cytotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic in rodents. The purpose of the present study was to determine the DNA damaging potential of key representatives of this class using the Turkey Egg Genotoxicity Assay. Medium white turkey eggs with 22- to 24-day-old fetuses received three injections of nine AB with different carcinogenic potentials: safrole (1, 2 mg/egg), methyl eugenol (2, 4 mg/egg), estragole (20, 40 mg/egg), myristicin (25, 50 mg/egg), elemicin (20, 50 mg/egg), anethole (5, 10 mg/egg), methyl isoeugenol (40, 80 mg/egg), eugenol (1, 2.5 mg/egg), and isoeugenol …

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Central Role Of Glutamate Metabolism In The Maintenance Of Nitrogen Homeostasis In Normal And Hyperammonemic Brain, Arthur J. Cooper, Thomas M. Jeitner Mar 2016

Central Role Of Glutamate Metabolism In The Maintenance Of Nitrogen Homeostasis In Normal And Hyperammonemic Brain, Arthur J. Cooper, Thomas M. Jeitner

NYMC Faculty Publications

Glutamate is present in the brain at an average concentration-typically 10-12 mM-far in excess of those of other amino acids. In glutamate-containing vesicles in the brain, the concentration of glutamate may even exceed 100 mM. Yet because glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter, the concentration of this amino acid in the cerebral extracellular fluid must be kept low-typically µM. The remarkable gradient of glutamate in the different cerebral compartments: vesicles > cytosol/mitochondria > extracellular fluid attests to the extraordinary effectiveness of glutamate transporters and the strict control of enzymes of glutamate catabolism and synthesis in well-defined cellular and subcellular compartments in the …

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20-Hete Activates The Transcription Of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Via Nuclear Factor-Κb Translocation And Promoter Binding, Victor Garcia, Brian Shkolnik, Laura Milhau, John R. Falck, Michal Laniado Schwartzman Mar 2016

20-Hete Activates The Transcription Of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Via Nuclear Factor-Κb Translocation And Promoter Binding, Victor Garcia, Brian Shkolnik, Laura Milhau, John R. Falck, Michal Laniado Schwartzman

NYMC Faculty Publications

Increased vascular 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a cytochrome P450 arachidonic acid metabolite, promotes vascular dysfunction, injury, and hypertension that is dependent, in part, on the renin angiotensin system (RAS). We have shown that, in human microvascular endothelial cells, 20-HETE increases angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) mRNA, protein, and ACE activity via an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/tyrosine kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/inhibitor of κB kinase (IKK)β-mediated signaling pathway. In this work, we show that, similar to epidermal growth factor (EGF), 20-HETE (10 nM) activates EGFR by stimulating tyrosine phosphorylation; however, unlike 20-HETE, EGF does not induce ACE expression, and pretreatment with a neutralizing antibody …

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Impact Of Out-Of-Pocket Expenditure On Physical Therapy Utilization For Nonspecific Low Back Pain: Secondary Analysis Of The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Data, Janet Dolot, Deborah Viola, Qiuhu Shi, Matthew Hyland Feb 2016

Impact Of Out-Of-Pocket Expenditure On Physical Therapy Utilization For Nonspecific Low Back Pain: Secondary Analysis Of The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Data, Janet Dolot, Deborah Viola, Qiuhu Shi, Matthew Hyland

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Physical therapy decreases low back pain, improves function, and may lead to decreased use of medical services. However, factors predicting physical therapy utilization for patients with low back pain are not well understood. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of out-of-pocket expenditure on physical therapy utilization for US adults with nonspecific low back pain. DESIGN: This study was a secondary analysis of retrospective Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data. METHODS: The participants were US adults with nonspecific low back pain. The outcome variable was the number of visits per episode of care. The research variable …

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Species-Specific Adaptations Of Trypanosome Morphology And Motility To The Mammalian Host, Joel L. Bargul, Jamin Jung, Francis A. Mcodimba, Collins O. Omogo, Vincent O. Adung’A, Timothy Krüger, Daniel K. Masiga, Markus Engstler Feb 2016

Species-Specific Adaptations Of Trypanosome Morphology And Motility To The Mammalian Host, Joel L. Bargul, Jamin Jung, Francis A. Mcodimba, Collins O. Omogo, Vincent O. Adung’A, Timothy Krüger, Daniel K. Masiga, Markus Engstler

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

African trypanosomes thrive in the bloodstream and tissue spaces of a wide range of mammalian hosts. Infections of cattle cause an enormous socio-economic burden in sub-Saharan Africa. A hallmark of the trypanosome lifestyle is the flagellate’s incessant motion. This work details the cell motility behavior of the four livestock-parasites Trypanosoma vivax, T. brucei, T. evansi and T. congolense. The trypanosomes feature distinct swimming patterns, speeds and flagellar wave frequencies, although the basic mechanism of flagellar propulsion is conserved, as is shown by extended single flagellar beat analyses. Three-dimensional analyses of the trypanosomes expose a high degree of dynamic pleomorphism, typified …

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H3abionet, A Sustainable Pan-African Bioinformatics Network For Human Heredity And Health In Africa, Nicola J. Mulder, Ezekiel Adebiyi, Raouf Alami, Alia Benkahla, James Brandful, Seydou Doumbia, Dean Everett, Faisal M. Fadlelmola, Fatima Gaboun, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Hassan Ghazal, Scott Hazelhurst, Winston Hide, Azeddine Ibrahimi, Yasmina Jaufeerally Fakim, C. Victor Jongeneel, Fourie Joubert, Samar Kassim, Jonathan Kayondo, Judit Kumuthini, Sylvester Lyantagaye, Julie Makani, Ahmed Mansour Alzohairy, Daniel Masiga, Ahmed Moussa, Oyekanmi Nash, Odile Ouwe Missi Oukem-Boyer, Ellis Owusu-Dabo Feb 2016

H3abionet, A Sustainable Pan-African Bioinformatics Network For Human Heredity And Health In Africa, Nicola J. Mulder, Ezekiel Adebiyi, Raouf Alami, Alia Benkahla, James Brandful, Seydou Doumbia, Dean Everett, Faisal M. Fadlelmola, Fatima Gaboun, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Hassan Ghazal, Scott Hazelhurst, Winston Hide, Azeddine Ibrahimi, Yasmina Jaufeerally Fakim, C. Victor Jongeneel, Fourie Joubert, Samar Kassim, Jonathan Kayondo, Judit Kumuthini, Sylvester Lyantagaye, Julie Makani, Ahmed Mansour Alzohairy, Daniel Masiga, Ahmed Moussa, Oyekanmi Nash, Odile Ouwe Missi Oukem-Boyer, Ellis Owusu-Dabo

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The application of genomics technologies to medicine and biomedical research is increasing in popularity, made possible by new high-throughput genotyping and sequencing technologies and improved data analysis capabilities. Some of the greatest genetic diversity among humans, animals, plants, and microbiota occurs in Africa, yet genomic research outputs from the continent are limited. The Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) initiative was established to drive the development of genomic research for human health in Africa, and through recognition of the critical role of bioinformatics in this process, spurred the establishment of H3ABioNet, a pan-African bioinformatics network for H3Africa. The limitations …

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Spatial Distributions Of Hiv Infection In An Endemic Area Of Western Kenya: Guiding Information For Localized Hiv Control And Prevention, Tomonori Hoshi, Yoshito Fuji, Samson Muuo Nzou, Chihiro Tanigawa, Ibrahim Kiche, Matilu Mwau, Anne Wanjiru Mwangi, Mohamed Karama, Kenji Hirayama, Kensuke Goto, Satoshi Kaneko Feb 2016

Spatial Distributions Of Hiv Infection In An Endemic Area Of Western Kenya: Guiding Information For Localized Hiv Control And Prevention, Tomonori Hoshi, Yoshito Fuji, Samson Muuo Nzou, Chihiro Tanigawa, Ibrahim Kiche, Matilu Mwau, Anne Wanjiru Mwangi, Mohamed Karama, Kenji Hirayama, Kensuke Goto, Satoshi Kaneko

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

HIV is still a major health problem in developing countries. Even though high HIV-risk-taking behaviors have been reported in African fishing villages, local distribution patterns of HIV infection in the communities surrounding these villages have not been thoroughly analyzed. The objective of this study was to investigate the geographical distribution patterns of HIV infection in communities surrounding African fishing villages. In 2011, we applied age- and sex-stratified random sampling to collect 1,957 blood samples from 42,617 individuals registered in the Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Mbita, which is located on the shore of Lake Victoria in western Kenya. We …

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Lack Of K13 Mutations In Plasmodium Falciparum Persisting After Artemisinin Combination Therapy Treatment Of Kenyan Children, Julian Muwanguzi, Gisela Henriques, Patrick Sawa, Teun Bousema, Colin J. Sutherland, Khalid B. Beshir Jan 2016

Lack Of K13 Mutations In Plasmodium Falciparum Persisting After Artemisinin Combination Therapy Treatment Of Kenyan Children, Julian Muwanguzi, Gisela Henriques, Patrick Sawa, Teun Bousema, Colin J. Sutherland, Khalid B. Beshir

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: Studies in Southeast Asia reported a strong relationship between polymorphisms at the propeller domain of the Kelch 13 (K13) protein encoded by the Plasmodium falciparum k13 (pfk13) gene and delayed parasite clearance after artemisinin treatment. In Africa, P. falciparum remains susceptible and combination therapy regimens which include an artemisinin component display good efficacy. Using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), sub-microscopic persistence of P. falciparum has previously been reported in one-third of children treated with artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) in western Kenya. In this study, further investigation was made to evaluate whether these sub-microscopic residual parasites also harbour mutations at the …

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Hypoacetylation, Hypomethylation, And Dephosphorylation Of H2b Histones And Excessive Histone Deacetylase Activity In Du-145 Prostate Cancer Cells, Shundong Cang, Xiaobin Xu, Yuehua Ma, Delong Liu, J W. Chiao Jan 2016

Hypoacetylation, Hypomethylation, And Dephosphorylation Of H2b Histones And Excessive Histone Deacetylase Activity In Du-145 Prostate Cancer Cells, Shundong Cang, Xiaobin Xu, Yuehua Ma, Delong Liu, J W. Chiao

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Hypoacetylation on histone H3 of human prostate cancer cells has been described. Little is known about the modifications of other histones from prostate cancer cells. METHODS: Histones were isolated from the prostate cancer cell line DU-145 and the non-malignant prostatic cell line RC170N/h. Post-translational modifications of histone H2B were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS. RESULTS: The histone H2B of the prostate cancer cell line DU-145 was found to have hypoacetylation, hypomethylation, and dephosphorylation as compared to the non-malignant prostatic cell line RC170N/h. H2B regained acetylation on multiple lysine residues, phosphorylation on Thr19, and methylation on Lys23 and Lys43 …

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Aflatoxin Contamination Detected In Nutrient And Anti-Oxidant Rich Edible Stink Bug Stored In Recycled Grain Containers, Robert Musundire, Isaac M. Osuga, Xavier Cheseto, Janet Irungu, Baldwyn Torto Jan 2016

Aflatoxin Contamination Detected In Nutrient And Anti-Oxidant Rich Edible Stink Bug Stored In Recycled Grain Containers, Robert Musundire, Isaac M. Osuga, Xavier Cheseto, Janet Irungu, Baldwyn Torto

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Recently, there has been multi-agency promotion of entomophagy as an environmentallyfriendly source of food for the ever increasing human population especially in the developing countries. However, food quality and safety concerns must first be addressed in this context. We addressed these concerns in the present study using the edible stink bug Encosternum delegorguei, which is widely consumed in southern Africa. We analysed for mycotoxins, and health beneficials including antioxidants, amino acids and essential fatty acids using liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-Qtof-MS) and coupled gas chromatography (GC)-MS. We also performed proximate analysis to determine nutritional …

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Condom Use Self-Efficacy Measure, Brian E. Mccabe, Natasha Schaefer Solle, Karina Gattamorta, Natalia Villegas, Rosina Cianelli, Victoria B. Mitrani, Nilda Peragallo Jan 2016

Condom Use Self-Efficacy Measure, Brian E. Mccabe, Natasha Schaefer Solle, Karina Gattamorta, Natalia Villegas, Rosina Cianelli, Victoria B. Mitrani, Nilda Peragallo

SOHNS supplementary Data and Tools

Condom self-efficacy is an important construct for HIV/STI prevention and intervention. This is a measure of self-efficacy for using condoms designed for Hispanic women (in Spanish or English). Either a 15-item measure or a brief 5-item version may be used. All items have a ten-point scale. Internal consistency of the full measure was good (Cronbach’s alpha = .92), as was the brief scale was (Cronbach’s alpha = .80). The total score of the brief scale was significantly correlated with the full scale total score, rs = .93, p < .001.

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Outcomes In Patients With Vestibular Schwannoma After Subtotal Resection And Adjuvant Radiosurgery, H. Radwan, M. Bruce Eisenberg, J. P. S. Knisely, M. M. Ghaly, M. Schulder Jan 2016

Outcomes In Patients With Vestibular Schwannoma After Subtotal Resection And Adjuvant Radiosurgery, H. Radwan, M. Bruce Eisenberg, J. P. S. Knisely, M. M. Ghaly, M. Schulder

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Translational Significance Of Heme Oxygenase In Obesity And Metabolic Syndrome, Nader G. Abraham, Joshua M. Junge, George S. Drummond Jan 2016

Translational Significance Of Heme Oxygenase In Obesity And Metabolic Syndrome, Nader G. Abraham, Joshua M. Junge, George S. Drummond

NYMC Faculty Publications

The global epidemic of obesity continues unabated with sequelae of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. This review reflects the dramatic increase in research on the role of increased expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1/HO-2, biliverdin reductase, and HO activity on vascular disease. The HO system engages with other systems to mitigate the deleterious effects of oxidative stress in obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent reports indicate that HO-1/HO-2 protein expression and HO activity have several important roles in hemostasis and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent perturbations associated with metabolic syndrome. HO-1 protects tissue during inflammatory stress in obesity through the degradation of pro-oxidant …

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Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers In Hypertension: Alive And Well, William H. Frishman Jan 2016

Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers In Hypertension: Alive And Well, William H. Frishman

NYMC Faculty Publications

Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers (β-blockers) are an appropriate treatment for patients having systemic hypertension (HTN) who have concomitant ischemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure, obstructive cardiomyopathy, aortic dissection or certain cardiac arrhythmias. β-Blockers can be used in combination with other antiHTN drugs to achieve maximal blood pressure control. Labetalol can be used in HTN emergencies and urgencies. β-Blockers may be useful in HTN patients having a hyperkinetic circulation (palpitations, tachycardia, HTN, and anxiety), migraine headache, and essential tremor. β-Blockers are highly heterogeneous with respect to various pharmacologic properties: degree of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, membrane stabilizing activity, β selectivity, α-adrenergic blocking effects, …

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Stress-Induced Premature Senescence Of Endothelial And Endothelial Progenitor Cells, M S. Goligorsky, K Hirschi Jan 2016

Stress-Induced Premature Senescence Of Endothelial And Endothelial Progenitor Cells, M S. Goligorsky, K Hirschi

NYMC Faculty Publications

This brief overview of premature senescence of dysfunctional endothelial and endothelial progenitor cells provides information on endothelial cell differentiation and specialization, their ontogeny, and controversies related to endothelial stem and progenitor cells. Stressors responsible for the dysfunction of endothelial and endothelial progenitor cells, as well as cellular mechanisms and consequences of endothelial cell dysfunction are presented. Metabolic signatures of dysfunctional endothelial cells and senescence pathways are described. Emerging strategies to rejuvenate endothelial and endothelial progenitor cells conclude the review.

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Modification Of Expanded Nk Cells With Chimeric Antigen Receptor Mrna For Adoptive Cellular Therapy, Yaya Chu, Allyson Flower, Mitchell S. Cairo Jan 2016

Modification Of Expanded Nk Cells With Chimeric Antigen Receptor Mrna For Adoptive Cellular Therapy, Yaya Chu, Allyson Flower, Mitchell S. Cairo

NYMC Faculty Publications

NK cells are bone marrow-derived cytotoxic lymphocytes that play a major role in the rejection of tumors and cells infected by viruses. The regulation of NK activation vs inhibition is regulated by the expression of a variety of NK receptors (NKRs) and specific NKRs' ligands expressed on their targets. However, factors limiting NK therapy include small numbers of active NK cells in unexpanded peripheral blood and lack of specific tumor targeting. Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) usually include a single-chain Fv variable fragment from a monoclonal antibody, a transmembrane hinge region, and a signaling domain such as CD28, CD3-zeta, 4-1BB (CD137), …

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Ω-Amidase: An Underappreciated, But Important Enzyme In L-Glutamine And L-Asparagine Metabolism; Relevance To Sulfur And Nitrogen Metabolism, Tumor Biology And Hyperammonemic Diseases, Arthur J. Cooper, Yevgeniya I. Shurubor, Thambi Dorai, John T. Pinto, Elena P. Isakova, Yulia I. Deryabina, Travis T. Denton, Boris F. Krasnikov Jan 2016

Ω-Amidase: An Underappreciated, But Important Enzyme In L-Glutamine And L-Asparagine Metabolism; Relevance To Sulfur And Nitrogen Metabolism, Tumor Biology And Hyperammonemic Diseases, Arthur J. Cooper, Yevgeniya I. Shurubor, Thambi Dorai, John T. Pinto, Elena P. Isakova, Yulia I. Deryabina, Travis T. Denton, Boris F. Krasnikov

NYMC Faculty Publications

In mammals, two major routes exist for the metabolic conversion of L-glutamine to α-ketoglutarate. The most widely studied pathway involves the hydrolysis of L-glutamine to L-glutamate catalyzed by glutaminases, followed by the conversion of L-glutamate to α-ketoglutarate by the action of an L-glutamate-linked aminotransferase or via the glutamate dehydrogenase reaction. However, another major pathway exists in mammals for the conversion of L-glutamine to α-ketoglutarate (the glutaminase II pathway) in which L-glutamine is first transaminated to α-ketoglutaramate (KGM) followed by hydrolysis of KGM to α-ketoglutarate and ammonia catalyzed by an amidase known as ω-amidase. In mammals, the glutaminase II pathway is …

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Increasing Awareness And Consideration Of Bariatric Surgery Treatment Option In Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Cynthia Bolaji Jan 2016

Increasing Awareness And Consideration Of Bariatric Surgery Treatment Option In Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Cynthia Bolaji

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Scholarly Projects - Archive

Background: Current research indicates the efficacy of bariatric surgery (BS) in the treatment of obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients, but only a few actually get this treatment option. This is evident when a comparison of the prevalence of T2DM and obesity is compared to the actual number of surgeries conducted. The American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) states that less than 1 % of eligible patients (general) have access to BS. The option most frequently considered to manage obesity and T2DM (i.e. lifestyle modification), is ineffective and results in weight regained in an average of 4 …

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