Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Association Of Body Weight With Athletic Success And The Occurrence Of Female Athlete Triad In Cross Country Athletes, Lindsey Hinken

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Young adult females who participate in endurance sports are at risk of developing Female Athlete Triad (FAT). The high prevalence of FAT among collegiate athletes and its potentially lifelong consequences substantiate the importance of relevant research. The objective of the present study is to identify the risk of FAT among the Western Kentucky University women’s cross country team, based on the presence or absence of the three FAT components, and to investigate the perceptions of those determined to be ‘at-risk.’ It was hypothesized that a preponderance of the WKU women’s cross country team would be considered ‘at risk’ for developing …

An Evaluation Of The Relationship Between Core Endurance And Lower Extremity Strength, And The Ability To Recover After Perturbation, Carlie Jones-Hershinow

Ursidae: The Undergraduate Research Journal at the University of Northern Colorado

Previous research suggests core strength training improves anticipatory postural adjustments, reducing one’s risk of a fall, and stronger core muscles lead to faster reaction times. This study investigated whether core endurance and lower extremity strength relate to the time one needs to stabilize after being perturbed. An evaluation of ten participants while warming up determined each participant’s transition speed between walking and running. While each participant walked at his/her transition speed, the belts were stopped randomly at an acceleration rate of

2.7 m∙s^-2 and ground reaction forces were recorded during balance recovery. Additionally, each participant completed a series of …

Analyzing Sports Training Data With Machine Learning Techniques, Rehana Mahfuz, Zeinab Mourad, Aly El Gamal

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

In the sports industry, there has not been enough effort in analyzing the personalized monitoring data of athletes collected during training sessions. This research is an attempt to find meaningful patterns in the Purdue Women’s Soccer training data that could help the coach design more efficient training sessions. We are specifically interested in studying this problem as an unsupervised learning problem. Our initial attempt is to cluster the players as well as drills into groups using k-means, c-means and spectral clustering algorithms, combined with feature transformation and reduction steps. These basic algorithms serve as a benchmark to measure performance improvements …

Ball Pressure Correlations With Peak Impact Force And The Potential For Cumulative Mtbi When Heading A Soccer Ball, Nicolas Leiva, Daniel Y. Shyu, Josh Auger, Eric Nauman

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Soccer is a unique sport in which athletes use their heads as tools for gameplay, which may ultimately cause cumulative traumatic brain injuries. Due to rising popularity of soccer in the United States alongside the increased occurrence of CTE and mTBI in other contact sports, there is a growing concern over how to keep the repetitive forces caused by heading, as low as possible. Different variables that can affect the peak force felt when heading a soccer ball can be simulated and compared with in-game data, however, this has never been properly tested before. In the present study two size …

Development Of Standard Criteria To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Helmets At Decreasing The Risk Of Concussions, Daniel Y. Shyu, Goutham N. Sankaran, Kevin G. Mciver, Nicolas Leiva, Eric A. Nauman

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

In many sports, such as American football, accumulations of mild traumatic brain injuries have been suggested as a possible link to neurodegeneration and future mental disorders. With head impacts occurring at all levels of competition and in different sports, it is critical to develop an accurate method for quantifying the effects of head impacts and determining the efficacy of helmets. This study examines the derivation of different dimensionless numbers and ascertains the critical factors needed to predict the effects of head impacts, specifically the resulting accelerations from an impact. Given a known force of impact, parameters such as peak translation …

The Coach Expectancy Cycle And The Impact Of A Coaching Education Intervention In Youth Soccer, Erica Ann Pasquini

Dissertations

The coach expectancy cycle is a four-stage model that explains coaches’ feedback behaviors (Horn, Lox, and Labrador, 1998). In the first stage coaches make judgments based off of previous sport experience and knowledge. In the second stage, these judgments influence coaches’ behaviors. Solomon (2008, 2012) has shown that coaches provide more instruction, praise, and corrective instruction to athletes they perceive to be higher expectancy. In the third stage, the unequal behaviors coaches exhibit affect athlete performance and satisfaction in sport. Research has shown that athletes perceptions of poor coaching behavior positively correlates with drop out (Gearity & Murray, 2011; Hollembeak …

Upper Body Characteristics Related To Double Pole Performance In Female Cross Country Skiers, Karmen M. Whitham

All NMU Master's Theses

The purpose of the current study was to correlate upper body (UB) lean mass (UBLM), UB maximal strength (UBMS), and average power production during a 3-min ski ergometer (SERG) test to predict the dependent variable, a one-kilometer uphill double pole time trial (DPTT) on snow. We hypothesized UBLM would be most important to performance. All tests were conducted within four weeks of completing the championship phase of a Division I cross country (XC) ski season. Skiers (n=10; all females) performed the mass-start DPTT on snow (i.e., criterion measure), SERG, and UBMS separated by at least a few days recovery. Lastly, …

Identifying Determinants Of Match Performance In Division I Women’S Collegiate Soccer Players, Jacob L. Grazer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation was to better understand position specific physical qualities and how they relate to high speed running performance throughout the course of a competitive collegiate soccer season. The amount of literature devoted to female soccer players is scarce when compared to the vast amount of literature associated with male soccer players. The objectives of this dissertation were: 1) to determine if playing position has an influence on physical qualities such as speed, change of direction ability, countermovement jump performance, relative strength, rate of force development, and intermittent endurance capacity, 2) investigate the differences between high and …

Tapering For Strength-Power Individual Event And Team Sport Athletes, Caleb Bazyler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The overall purpose of this dissertation was to address mechanistic and performance changes following a peaking phase in individual event and team sport strength-power athletes. This purpose was addressed by conducting 4 separate investigations with track and field athletes, volleyball athletes, and a national level weightlifter. The following are the primary findings from these investigations. Division I collegiate throwers increased competition throwing performance, jumping performance, and preserved muscle architecture characteristics following an overreach and taper. There were moderate decreases in division I female collegiate volleyball athlete’s vastus lateralis muscle thickness with no statistical changes in jumping performance following a taper …

A Comparison Of Stride Length And Lower Extremity Kinematics During Barefoot And Shod Running In Well Trained Distance Runners, Peter Francis, James Ledingham, Sarah B. Clarke Phd, Dj Collins, Philip Jakeman

Journal Articles

Stride length, hip, knee and ankle angles were compared during barefoot and shod running on a treadmill at two speeds. Nine well-trained (1500m time: 3min:59.80s ± 14.7 s) male (22 ±3 years; 73 ±9 kg; 1.79 ±0.4 m) middle distance (800 m – 5,000 m) runners performed 2 minutes of running at 3.05 m·s^-1 and 4.72 m·s^-1 on an treadmill. This approach allowed continuous measurement of lower extremity kinematic data and calculation of stride length. Statistical analysis using a 2X2 factorial ANOVA revealed speed to have a main effect on stride length and hip angle and footwear to …

Serum Ferritin's Relationship To Training Reduction Among College Distance Runners, Taylor John Thompson

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Iron deficiency (ID), measured as serum ferritin (SF), has been found in 31% and 57% of elite male and female athletes respectively. In distance runners, ID has been found to affect up to 41% of men and 82% of women. There are significant health consequences of ID such as decreased bone mineral density, altered thyroid function, immune suppression, and fatigue. Purpose: To determine if there is a relationship between ID and training reductions due to injury, illness, and fatigue in collegiate distance runners. Hypothesis: Because ID affects bone health, fatigue, thyroid, and immune function, it is …

The Effects Of Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse Concentration On Cycling Time Trial Performance, Jonathan Youell

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Mouth rinsing with a carbohydrate (CHO) solution during exercise has been shown to improve endurance exercise performance. However, it is unclear if performance is improved to a greater extent with a higher concentration mouth rinse. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a dose-response effect to CHO mouth rinse concentration on endurance performance during a 1h cycling time trial. METHODS: Fourteen male participants, aged 18-45 years old, who cycled a minimum of 30 miles per week, participated in this study. Participants completed five, 1h time trials on a cycle ergometer, each separated by at least …

Management And Rehabilitation Strategies Following Ied Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury In Civilian Settings - What To Expect And How To Optimize Recovery From Mtbi, Stefanie Podlog (Nee Schulte), Leslie W. Podlog, Wesley C. Kory Tsgt, William J. Brown Ltc

Athletic Training Collection

The wide array of psychological and physical responses following an IED bombing may reduce the likelihood that appropriate assessment and recovery from mTBI occur. Such a situation is problematic as mTBI itself may negatively influence the recovery from the traumatic event or associated injuries if not diagnosed and managed properly. Consequently, the overall aim of this article is to better inform healthcare practitioners, patients, and patients’ social support networkabout the nature of IED-related mild traumatic brain injuries. In so doing, we hope to facilitate enhanced assessment, management, and rehabilitation of this injury. In particular, the specific goals of the review …

Reactive Strength Index-Modified In Different Plyometric Tasks, Josh Walker, Sarah B. Clarke, Emma Waller, Aaron Robey-Broome, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Presentations

The Reactive Strength Index-Modified (RSlmod) is a reliable method of measuring the explosiveness of an athlete during a range of plyometric exercises. The purpose of the current study was to measure the between-limb differences in RSlmod across three different plyometric tasks. Eleven recreationally active participants performed countermovement jumps, stop jumps and single-leg jumps. The study found no significant differences in RSlmod between dominant and non-dominant limbs across all three tasks (p>0.05), but did find RSI,d to be higher in the stop jump than a countermovement jump and single leg stop jump for both dominant and non-dominant limbs. These findings …

Oncology Edge Task Force On Prostate Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review Of Outcome Measures For Functional Mobility, Claire Davies, Genevieve Colon, Hannah Geyer, Lucinda Pfalzer, Mary Insana Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: The medical treatment of prostate cancer results in multiple impairments in body structure and declines functional abilities, resulting in activity limitations and participation restrictions. Measurement of functional mobility is an essential outcome measure in survivorship care.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review is to make recommendations of the best measurement tools to assess functional mobility in men treated for prostate cancer based on psychometric properties and clinical utility.

Methods: Multiple electronic databases were searched from February to March 2014. Studies of tools used to assess functional mobility were included if they met the following criteria: reported psychometric properties, …

The Implications Of Different Types Of Diet And Exercise On Human Health, Bethanne C. Clayton

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

There is need for enhanced prevention and treatment methods to combat sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and chronic disease by investigating the impact of specific exercise modalities and dietary factors on human health. The purposes of this study were: 1) to assess self-selected and perceived exercise intensity during High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) between males and females and to determine variables that predict self-selected exercise intensity (%VO2max) and/or perceived intensity (RPE) and 2) to investigate the impact of obesity on skeletal muscle metabolism in response to lipid oversupply by analyzing the responses of genes linked with fatty acid oxidation and inflammation in lean …

Developing A Data Repository Of Standard Concussion Assessment Clinical Data For Research Involving College Athletes, Arthur C. Maerlender, Jennifer Mize Nelson, Julie A. Honaker

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

In sports concussion research, obtaining quality data from a sufficient number of participants to reach statistical power has been a particular problem. In addition, the necessary requirements of accessibility, informed consent, and confidentiality must be met. There is need to develop more efficient and controlled methods for collecting data to answer research questions in this realm, but the ability to collect and store these data in an efficient manner at the local level is limited. By virtue of their training, neuropsychologists can play a key role in improving data collection quality. The purpose of this paper is to describe a …

Accuracy Of Commercial Fitness Trackers During High-Intensity Functional Training, Paige Wessel

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Commercially available fitness trackers have been found to accurately measure steps and caloric expenditure during walking and running activities. Circuit-style, highintensity functional training (HIFT) has become increasingly popular because it is inexpensive and effective in improving muscular strength and cardiovascular fitness. PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of five accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X, Nike Fuelband, Fitbit One, Fitbit Charge HR, and Jawbone UP Move) in estimating energy expenditure while performing an acute bout of HIFT. METHODS: Participants (n = 47) underwent baseline testing and at least 48 hours later, each participant completed the main test: a 15-minute workout consisting of 12 repetitions …

Gender Differences In Concussion Reporting Among High School Athletes, Theresa Miyashita, Eleni Diakogeorgiou, Christina Vandervegt

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

Background: An athlete’s lack of concussion knowledge could lead to significant underreporting and injury mismanagement. To provide more effective management strategies of concussions in adolescent athletes, further examination of reporting behaviors is of critical importance. Hypothesis: The hypotheses for this study were as follows: (1) Girls are more likely to report concussion, (2) girls are more likely to report future concussions after an educational intervention, and (3) a difference in rationale for not reporting concussion will be found between sexes. Study Design: Cross-sectional, cohort design. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Survey answers were collected on 454 high school athletes …

Examination Of Bar Velocity In Barbell Back Squat, Kimitake Sato, Kevin M. Carroll, Michael H. Stone

ETSU Faculty Works

The aim of the study was to examine repetition to repetition changes of bar velocity and its variations from barbell back squat. Participants (N=19) performed back squat with a relative intensity of 78-80% of 1 RM. Bar velocity was captured using wireless device (PUSHtm) placed on their forearm. Data were collected from 3 sets of 10 repetitions. One-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to identify the velocity changes over 10 repetitions. Statistical significance was found (F(1,17)=45.06.~ 0 . 0 0 0 1 )T.h is indicates that the bar velocity decreased significantly over the 10 repetitions. At the same time, coefficient …

Muscle Activation Differs Between Three Different Knee Joint-Angle Positions During A Maximal Isometric Back Squat Exercise, Paulo Henrique Marchetti, Josinaldo Jarbas Da Silva, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Priscyla Silva Monteiro Nardi, Silvio Luis Pecoraro, Julia Maria D'Andrea Greve, Erin Hartigan

Publications and Research

The purpose of this study was to compare muscle activation of the lower limb muscles when performing a maximal isometric back squat exercise over three different positions. Fifteen young, healthy, resistance-trained men performed an isometric back squat at three knee joint angles (20∘, 90∘, and 140∘) in a randomized, counterbalanced fashion. Surface electromyography was used to measure muscle activation of the vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), semitendinosus (ST), and gluteusmaximus (GM). In general,muscle activity was the highest at 90∘ for the three quadricepsmuscles, yet differences in muscle activation between knee angles were muscle …

Postural Stability And Flexibility In Young Adults, Danielle Ingle

Ursidae: The Undergraduate Research Journal at the University of Northern Colorado

No abstract provided.

25(Oh)D Status Of Elite Athletes With Spinal Cord Injury Relative To Lifestyle Factors, Kelly Pritchett, Robert Pritchett, Dana Ogan, Phil Bishop, Elizabeth Broad, Melissa Lacroix

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Background: Due to the potential negative impact of low Vitamin D status on performance-related factors and the higher risk of low Vitamin D status in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) population, research is warranted to determine whether elite athletes with SCI have sufficient 25(OH)D levels. The purposes of this study were to examine: (1) the seasonal proportion of vitamin D insufficiency among elite athletes with SCI; and (2) to determine whether lifestyle factors, SCI lesion level, and muscle performance/function are related to vitamin D status in athletes with SCI. Methods: Thirty-nine members of the Canadian Wheelchair Sports Association, and the US …

Effects Of Core And Non-Dominant Arm Strength Training On Drive Distance In Elite Golfers., Dong Jun Sung, Seung Jun Park, Sojung Kim, Moon Seok Kwon, Young-Tae Lim

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Background: Various training schemes have sought to improve golf-related athletic ability. In the golf swing motion, the muscle strengths of the core and arms play important roles, where a difference typically exists in the power of arm muscles between the dominant and non-dominant sides. The purposes of this study were to determine the effects of exercises strengthening the core and non-dominant arm muscles of elite golf players (handicap < 3) on the increase in drive distance, and to present a corresponding training scheme aimed at improving golf performance ability.

Universal Weight Machine, Oscar Andrade, Bibiana Koch, Robert Molloy, Haley Rentfro, Emily Woods

Mechanical Engineering

The purpose of this project is to design and build an inexpensive, universally accessible multi-station exercise machine for the physical and mental well-being of athletes of the Special Olympics and Pathpoint Life Education & Advancement Program. The machine has three sides tiered to higher resistance: the first station offers a minimal resistance aerobic exercise focused on moving the arms with an ergometer, the second station provides numerous locations to latch on resistance bands that will build strength in the athlete’s arms and chest, and the final station has a donated weight machine that offers lat pulldowns and flys with maximum …

Reliability And Validity Of Ratings Of Perceived Exertion In Persons With Multiple Sclerosis, Brice T. Cleland, Benjamin A. Ingraham, Molly C. Pitluck, Alexander V. Ng

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: To test the reliability and validity of using the Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale (ratings 6e20) in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Design: Nonrandomized repeated measures.

Setting: Research laboratory.

Participants: Volunteer sample (N=27) comprised of 16 PwMS (10 women) and 11 age-matched persons without multiple sclerosis (MS) (6 women). Clinical measures included symptomatic fatigue, depression, and MS functional capacity.

Interventions: A submaximal cycling test was performed to estimate maximal capacity. Participants then pedaled for 2 minutes at 50% and 60% of predicted maximal oxygen consumption per unit time (V̇O₂), and physiological measures and RPE were …

Predicting Social Responsibility And Belonging In Urban After-School Physical Activity Programs With Underserved Children, Jeffry J. Martin, Brigid Byrd, Alex Garn, Nate Mccaughtry, Noel Kulik, Erin Centeio

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of this cross sectional study was to predict feelings of belonging and social responsibility based on the motivational climate perceptions and contingent self-worth of children participating in urban after-school physical activity programs. Three-hundred and four elementary school students from a major Midwestern city participated. Based on multiple regression analyses we predicted 39 % of the variance in feelings of belonging largely due to perceptions of leadership emotional support and task climate and 31 % of the variance in feelings of social responsibility largely due to perceptions of a caring climate. Our findings support the importance of after school …

Right Total Knee Arthroscopy In Female Geriatric Patient, Jason Watkins

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

No abstract provided.

Scaphoid Fracture Or Grade One Wrist Sprain On A Division I College Female Athlete, Brittany Talley

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

No abstract provided.

Lumbar Transverse Process Fractures In Collegiate Male Football Player, Trevor Pfister, Samantha Phillips, Trent Stratton

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

No abstract provided.