Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Effects Of A Post Activation Potentiation Stimulus Coupled With Plyometric Training Program On The Swimming Start Performance Of Collegiate Swimmers, Brady Fields

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

30 collegiate swimmers from Division 1 universities in the south east United States took part in this study. Testing group completed plyometric training coupled with post-activation potentiation (PAP) stimulus as well as structured aquatic training. Control group completed only structured aquatic training. Pre and post program data was gathered from both groups to compare the effects of the training. Both groups were assessed on vertical jump height, swim start velocity, time to the 15m marker, and peak horizontal force. After the training program concluded and the resulting data from the two groups was compared

Chronic Hemodynamic Response To Blood Flow Restriction Training On Geriatric Hypertensive Patients, Maggie Jackson

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

Studies have shown that BFRT has elicited improved hemodynamic characteristics associated with hypertension such as lowered systolic blood pressure (SBP)and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The purpose of the research study was to determine the chronic hemodynamic effects from BFRT in geriatric, hypertensive patients. Engaged BFR walking and chair-stand conditions as a therapeutic modality. The perceived usefulness of this study is its positive influence on hypertensive patient’s quality of life and their body’s ability to mediate hypertension.

Effectiveness Of Cardiac Rehabilitation In Preventing A Second Negative Cardiac Event For 15 Years., Kaylin Schuda

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this study was to determine if cardiac rehabilitation was effective in reducing risk of the participant undergoing a second negative cardiac event for up to 15 years. Participants between the ages of 65 and 75 underwent 12 weeks of cardiac rehab. The 12 weeks of cardiac rehab consisted of 3 sessions a week and each session had an educational component to it. The participants would then return to their daily living and live as they normally would. Approximately 15 years after the completion of cardiac rehab for the participants, researchers would access their medical records. This was …

Effect Of Reducing Brain Lactate Levels By Blocking Glutamate Receptors In Panic Disorder Patients, Tim Bennett

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of glutamate receptor blockers in untreated panic disorder (PD) patients during visual panic stimulation to evaluate its ability to reduce panic response. Untreated PD patients (N=36) were recruited. Patients were given either a sugar pill, CBiPES, Alprazolam, or THIIC. MRI scanning occurred with 10 minutes of rest –eyes closed, 8 minutes of 40 total photos –20 neutral & 20 panic, and 10 minutes recovery for 28 total minutes. Panic severity questionnaires were taken before & after MRI scanning.

Do Gender And Collegiate Sport Participation Correlate With Healthier Body Composition In Collegiate Subjects?, Audrey Gun, Tim Bennett, Lauren Deaver

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

There has been extensive research by many in the past into body fat percentage measurement methods as well as these measurements. It is historically proven that the common method of BMI is not a good measurement of this, as it is often found that male and female college athletes BMI are significantly higher than non-athletes (Ode et al., 2007). With this in mind, there were many other methods that proved to be more reliable when compared to the golden standard, the bod pod. These methods include bioelectrical impedance (BIA) measurements, and waist-to-hip ratio. For our study, we decided to use …

Exercise Prescription For Patients With Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Josh Bolin, Caitie Mayo

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

EDS is a genetic connective tissue disorder which can be classified 13 different ways. Some key features which distinguish this disease are joint hypermobility, skin fragility, joint pain without arthritis, and rupture of blood vessels and internal organs. This pathology can present itself at any age, and no particular type is more common than another. Ethnicity, race, and gender do not seem to determine prevalence of this disease. 1 in every 20,000 people are diagnosed with classical EDS (Ghali et al., 2019). The process of diagnosing a patient includes examination of medical history, skin and musculoskeletal system, and other factors …

The Effect Of Concussion History On Lower Extremity Injury Risk In High School And Collegiate Athletes: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Vanessa Ramirez, Ryan Mccann, Eric Schussler, Jessica Martinez

College of Health Sciences Posters

Sport-related concussions are a prevalent injury that result in sensorimotor dysfunction and altered neuromuscular control. Individuals recovering from a concussion display decreased postural sway during balance assessment and may possess prolonged balance deficits after return-to-play (RTP). Athletes who are experiencing impairments following RTP after a concussion may be at increased risk of lower extremity (LE) injury. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining risk of LE musculoskeletal injury following a concussion in high school and collegiate athletes. An electronic database search of PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus was conducted on November …

Ketogenic Diet As A Preventative Measure Or Treatment Option For Osteoarthritistargeting Nfl Athletes As A High-Risk Group, Kelsi J. Smith

Selected Honors Theses

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disease that results from the degradation of articular cartilage, leading to inflammation, pain, and eventual joint failure. At one time, it was thought that OA was only the result of the natural decline experienced in old age; however, various risk factors have now been identified that may contribute to an increased risk for developing OA. Risk factors may include joint loading, altered biomechanics, obesity, and joint injury, to which athletes are exposed at a high rate. NFL athletes are one group of athletes that have continued to show a high prevalence of arthritis in …

Sex And Age Comparisons In Neuromuscular And Biomechanical Characteristics Of The Knee In Young Athletes, Erin R. Pletcher, Travis J. Dekker, Scott M. Lephart, Tim C. Sell

Sports Medicine Research Institute Faculty Publications

Background: The identification of risk factors for injury is a key step for musculoskeletal injury prevention in youth sports. Not identifying and correcting for injury risk factors may result in lost opportunity for athletic development. Physical maturation and sex affect these characteristics, which may indicate the need for both age and sex-based injury prevention programs.

Hypothesis/Purpose: This study examined age and sex differences in knee strength, static balance, jump height, and lower extremity landing biomechanics in school- and high school-age athletes.

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Methods: Forty healthy school aged (10.8±0.8 yrs) and forty high school (16.8±0.8 yrs) athletes completed isokinetic …

The Psychology Of Dance Medicine: Self-Perception Of Dancers, Karina Desai

Senior Theses

Derived from sports medicine, dance medicine is a subcategory that focuses on the health and well-being of dancers on a scientific and medical level. Dancers are considered “elite” athletes and artists, which requires this specific niche of medicine to study the injuries and other health-related issues that develop as a result of dancers’ unique movement. Studies show that in addition to physical injuries, dancers are also susceptible to mental health issues. There are many factors of the dance environment, such as the instructor, peers, and mirrors, that alter the self-perception of dancers. Due to dancers being required to train in …

Line Hops And Side Hold Rotation Tests Load Both Anterior And Posterior Shoulder: A Biomechanical Study, Margie K. Olds, Nicole Lemaster, Kelsey Picha, Cody Walker, Nicholas R. Heebner, Timothy L. Uhl

Sports Medicine Research Institute Faculty Publications

Background: Clinical tests should replicate the stressful positions encountered during sport participation. Evaluating the kinetic and electromyographical demands of clinical tests enables clinicians to choose appropriate tests for specific sports.

Purpose: To describe the shoulder forces and muscle activation levels during closed chain functional tests of Line Hops (LH) and Side Hold Rotation (SHR).

Study Design: Descriptive biomechanical study.

Methods: Ten asymptomatic participants were examined in a university laboratory. Two functional tests were evaluated using three-dimensional video analysis and electromyography to measure shoulder forces, moments, and muscular activity levels.

Results: SHR produced a peak average posterior translation force of 4.84 …

Post-Operative Rehabilitation For Scapular Muscle Reattachment: A Case Report, Wendy Burke, W. Ben Kibler, Timothy L. Uhl

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background and Purpose: Scapular muscle detachment is a rare orthopedic problem that has been described in the literature in patients following traumatic events involving traction, direct trauma, or a motor vehicle accident. The purpose of this case report is to describe the post-operative rehabilitation following scapular muscle reattachment surgery. Unique to this case report is the patient's perspective, an orthopedic physical therapist with 25 years of experience.

Case Description: A 47-year-old female physical therapist experienced a traction injury to bilateral upper extremities during a medical procedure resulting in bilateral rhomboid, and bilateral lower trapezius muscles were detached from the medial …

Female Athlete Triad: Evaluation Of The Cumulative Risk Assessment Tool For Female Collegiate Athletes, Jessica Pia

Senior Theses

Content: As the pressure on collegiate and elite female athletes to perform at their highest possible capabilities has grown, so to have the consequences associated with their high energy expending lifestyles. The Female Athlete Triad (Triad) is a syndrome defined as having one or more of the following conditions: LEA with or without disordered eating, menstrual dysfunction, and/or low BMD. Due to potential long-term, irreversible health consequences of the Triad, the Female Athlete Triad Coalition developed a risk assessment tool known as the Triad CRA to identify at-risk athletes and subsequent return-to-play status. Objective: To determine the risk …

The Application Of Biomechanical Technology In Sports, Timothy Leckrone

Senior Honors Theses

Technology in biomechanics encompasses eight major categories: artificial optical devices, anthropometry, timing devices, electrogoniometry, electromyography, dynamometry, inertial tracking systems, and modeling and simulation. As technology improves and becomes more accessible to the general population, it becomes easier to implement biomechanical technology into sports. For each area of focus, biomechanical technology has numerous points of current application or potential application. This application has benefit in injury prevention, technique improvement, rule enforcement, performance optimization, overall health and condition analysis, sports timing, and product development and testing. This thesis examines each area in turn as well as the various tools implemented in order …

Relationships Between Internal Training Load In A Taper With Elite Weightlifting Performance Calculated Using Different Moving Average Methods, Joseph O. C. Coyne, Robert U. Newton, G. Gregory Haff

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose: A simple and 2 different exponentially weighted moving average methods were used to investigate the relationships between internal training load and elite weightlifting performance.

Methods: Training impulse data (sessional ratings of perceived exertion × training duration) were collected from 21 elite weightlifters (age = 26.0 [3.2] y, height = 162.2 [11.3] cm, body mass = 72.2 [23.8] kg, previous 12-mo personal best total 96.3% [2.7%] of world record total) during the 8 weeks prior to the 2016 Olympic Games qualifying competition. The amount of training modified or cancelled due to injury/illness was also collected. The training stress balance (TSB) …

Coaching Education Programs In Division I Athletics: Department-Wide Head Coach Development, Jaime D. Gordon

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A capstone submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the Ernst and Sara Lane Volgenau College of Education at Morehead State University by Jaime D. Gordon on March 30, 2021.

A Systematic Review: Long Range Correlations In Running Gait, Mr. Taylor Wilson

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Long range correlations (LRCs) are apparent in human walking and running gait and are indicative of a healthy system. A systematic review (SR) was completed to determine the typical LRC patterns in running. 20 articles were included in the SR. LRCs in running gait tend to be similar to the LRCs in walking gait, with fatigue contributing to a negative effect on the LRCs.

This SR could have implications on training guidelines for coaches and physical therapy methods to increase the LRCs in running gait for healthier functioning. More research is needed to determine how LRCs depend on running surface …

Implementation And Evaluation Of A Baseball Pitching Program And Its Impact On Injury Prevention And Performance, Tyler Hamer

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

The purpose of this study sought to examine the efficacy of biomechanical evaluations on collegiate baseball pitchers. Through this, we seek to develop a model for identifying at-risk athletes through a longitudinal assessment of pitching mechanics spanning pre-season to post-season along with in-season tracking of pathomechanics.

Impact Of Acute Exercise On Micrornas Related To Concussion Symptoms, Emily Work

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Impact of acute exercise on microRNAs related to concussion symptoms

Concussions, or traumatic brain injury (TBI), are a serious medical problem affecting approximately 1.7 million people in the United States each year. Current tools for analysis of concussion include the Glasgow Coma Scale, SCAT5, computerized topography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), however, these tools are typically not indicative of the range and severity of symptoms a patient may experience. Recent studies have explored the use of microRNAs as a biomarker for TBI severity in patients who have already experienced a TBI. We seek to investigate the microRNA levels in …

Effects Of Static Stretching On Proprioception And Muscle Power Production, Eva Alyss Blais

Honors College Theses

With widespread use of pre-exercise stretching methods in many sports, recent studies have questioned how effective these implications are (Kay, Blazevich 2012, Cramer, J. T., et al.2005, Curry, B. S., Chengkalath, D., Crouch, G. J., Romance, M., & Manns, P. J. 2009). It has been found that certain types of stretching before performance negatively impact muscle power production. However, the reasoning behind why stretching is doing harm to athletes’ performances is still unanswered. The purpose of this study is to explore how stretching affects proprioception, and how this in turn affects muscle power production. Using the Biodex 2 dynamometer, passive …

Evaluation Of Training Load Volume In Weightlifting, Kamil Faritovich Bayazitov

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Aim: Development and theoretical and experimental substantiation of a new method of training load volume’s evaluation in weightlifting, which would allow in a certain period of time to get more available, reliable and detailed information about specific work of various qualified weightlifters.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of the applied methods of training load volume’s evaluation in weightlifting, applied pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics (arithmetic average, arithmetic average error, correlation analysis).

Results: Indicator of training load volume’s concentration increases along with increasing athlete’s qualification: on the beginning stage – 8.8±0.7; training stage – 9.7±0.9; on the stage of sports skills performance …

Dynamics Of Endurance Indicators In Young Middle-Distance Runners, Dilnoza Rakhmatova

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Aim: Teaching 10 ages children to run medium distances, improving general physical fitness, improving the body in all aspects, and mastering running exercise techniques while increasing the level of special physical fitness.

Methods and Results: The results of the 10 ages children running 600 meters in the first year of the primary training group were 2: 06.0 ± 0.21 in the experimental group and 2: 08.0 ± 0.30 in the control group. The statistical difference between them did not differ on the Student- t criterion t = 0.44.

Conclusion: The results of the research showed that high-level performance did not …

Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Screening Tool Practices Among Athletic Trainers In Secondary School And Collegiate Settings, Megan B. Fowler, Elizabeth R. Neil, Cameron J. Powden

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: Musculoskeletal (MSK) screening tools can allow athletic trainers (AT) to focus prevention efforts by providing patient risk information. The purpose of this study is to examine lower extremity MSK screening tool practices and perceptions of ATs in traditional settings. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was distributed to 4,937 full- and part-time collegiate and secondary school ATs randomly selected by the NATA. MSK screening tools were grouped into 7 categories: Range of Motion (ROM), Strength, Balance, Drop and Jump Landing (D/J Land), Double- and Single-Leg Hopping (D/S Hop), Movement Quality (MQual), and Injury History (History). For each screening tool …

Indiana Secondary School Athletic Directors Perceptions Of Athletic Training Services And Influences On Hiring Athletic Trainers, Thomas J. Greffly, Matthew Rivera, Lindsey E. Eberman

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Indiana Secondary School Athletic Directors Perceptions of Athletic Training Services and Influences on Hiring Athletic Trainers

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to examine ADs perceptions on satisfaction of current care provided, factors influencing the hiring of ATs, and the roles and responsibilities of ATs.

Methods: We used a mixed methods design with an online survey (Qualtrics^®, Provo, UT), which we distributed to Indiana secondary school ADs (n = 410) with publicly available emails. The survey remained open for 5 weeks with reminder emails sent weekly. We used a panel (n=2) with experience in survey research …

Examination Of Anger Prevalence In Ncaa Division I Student-Athletes, Robert Madden, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Samantha R. Weber, Erin M. Moore, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: Anger associated with sports participation may affect inability to acutely process anger, may decrease performance and increase the likelihood of risk-taking behavior in collegiate athletes. Therefore, the purpose was to examine the prevalence of anger in collegiate student-athletes across sex, academic status, and sport type. Methods: A cross sectional study over a three-year period examined 759 NCAA Division I student-athletes at one institution (age=20±1 years; males: n=259; females: n=500) completed an optional pre-participation behavioral health screening questionnaire, personal demographic information and the Anger Index Self-Test. Results: Overall, 37.2% (n=282/759; males=127/259, 49.0%; females=155/500, 31.0%) of participants were at …

Risk Of Low Energy Availability In National And International Level Paralympic Athletes: An Exploratory Investigation, Kelly Pritchett, Alicia Difolco, Savannah Glasgow, Robert Pritchett, Katy Williams, Trent Stellingwerff, Patricia Roney, Susannah Scaroni, Elizabeth Broad

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the symptoms of low energy availability (LEA) and risk of relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) symptoms in para-athletes using a multi-parameter approach. (2) Methods: National level para-athletes (n = 9 males, n = 9 females) completed 7-day food and activity logs to quantify energy availability (EA), the LEA in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans to assess bone mineral density (BMD), and hormonal blood spot testing. (3) Results: Based on EA calculations, no athlete was at risk for LEA (females < 30 kcal·kg⁻¹ FFM·day⁻¹; and males …

Creatine Supplementation On Cognitive Performance Following Exercise In Female Muay Thai Athletes, Lawert A.M. Pires, Scott C. Forbes, Darren G. Candow, Marco Machado

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

BACKGROUND: Creatine supplementation has some beneficial effects on cognitive processing in healthy adults, including athletes; however the effects on cognitive function following exhaustive exercise in athletes is unknown. Therefore, the purpose was to determine the effects of 28 days of creatine supplementation on tasks of cognitive performance immediately following exhaustive exercise in Muay Thai female athletes compared to placebo. METHODS: Using a repeated measures, double-blind, placebo controlled design, 26 female Muay Thai athletes (age: 26 ± 5 years; body mass: 65.1 ± 6.6 kg; height: 162 ± 5 cm; training experience: 2.6 ± 0.6 years) were randomized to supplement with …

Injury Rates In Major League Baseball During The 2020 Covid-19 Season, Brooks N. Platt, Timothy L. Uhl, Aaron D. Sciascia, Anthony J. Zacharias, Nicole G. Lemaster, Austin V. Stone

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: The 2020 Major League Baseball (MLB) season was drastically altered because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The changes included an extended layoff between March and July as well as a shortened preseason.

Purpose/Hypothesis: To determine the incidence and epidemiology of MLB injuries in the abbreviated 2020 season compared with prior seasons. We hypothesized that there was an increase in the overall injury rate in the 2020 season compared with the 2018-2019 seasons and that it equally affected all body regions.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods: The MLB transactions database was queried to find players who had been placed on …

Rehabilitation For Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears: A Written And Video Guide For Athletes Today And In The Future, Braeland Jones

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

The following paper is a partner to a corresponding video exercise guide. The purpose of this paper is to support the exercises included in the guide with research. The research paper aids in defining which exercises are included in the first place as well as in which section they appear. The research is the literary match for the recorded exercise guide, which will be the visual side of the project. The two ideally should be read and watched together to fully understand content of both portions. The paper guide is split into three sections, evaluating the types of exercises and …

The Effect Of An Acute Bout Of Foam Rolling On Running Economy, Lauren M. Biscardi, Brian D. Wright, Debra A. Stroiney

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 2: Issue 1, Article 4, 2021. This study examined the impact of pre-exercise foam rolling on running economy at 5 km race pace. Sixteen trained distance runners (31.5±12.2 yr; V̇O_2max 53.6±11.0) volunteered for the study. Participants completed two treadmill runs at self-selected 5 km race pace; one session with the use of pre-exercise foam rolling and the other with a controlled rest period prior to the run. Running economy was improved during the session with pre-exercise foam rolling applied (t(15)=2.48, p=.026, d=.62). These findings provide evidence for the …