Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Study On The Effects Of Therapeutic Listening On The Social And Functional Behavior Of Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Robin Abbott

Theses and Dissertations

Auditory sensory differences and sensitivities are often mentioned by parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and in research involving children with ASD. Addressing these auditory processing differences is the goal of various auditory treatment techniques, but current research does not yield a body of evidence in support of auditory therapy as a treatment for children with ASD. This study is a single-subject study, repeated across two subjects, to investigate the effect of the Therapeutic Listening program on the social engagement and self-care skills of preschool-aged children with ASD. Both social engagement and self-care skills increased with for both …

Effectiveness Of The Whytry Curriculum With Adults Participating In A Vocational Training Program, Erika Kern

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The purpose of this research project is to evaluate the effectiveness of the WhyTry curriculum with adults participating in a vocational training program specifically to develop retail skills. WhyTry is an interactive, multisensory program used to motivate participants to change patterns of indifference by using analogies, videos, and music to stimulate and inspire them to succeed. The curriculum has elements of Solution Focused Brief Therapy, Social and Emotional Intelligence, and multi-sensory learning (WhyTry, 2011). My research question is as follows: Is the WhyTry curriculum effective in increasing self-esteem and self-efficacy with adults who are participating in a vocational training program? …

Improving The Detection Of Narcissistic Transformational Leaders With The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire: An Item Response Theory Analysis, Dale Frederick Hosking Martin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Narcissistic transformation leaders have inflicted severe physical, psychological, and financial damage on individuals, institutions, and society. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) has shown promise for early detection of narcissistic leadership tendencies, but selection criteria have not been established. The purpose of this quantitative research was to determine if item response theory (IRT) could advance the detection of narcissistic leadership tendencies using an item-level analysis of the 20 transformational leadership items of the MLQ. Three archival samples of subordinates from Israeli corporate and athletic organizations were combined (N = 1,703) to assess IRT data assumptions, comparative fit of competing IRT models, item …

Influence Of The Hip On Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Erik P. Meira, Jason Brumitt

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

Context: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common conditions limiting athletes. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that dysfunction at the hip may be a contributing factor in PFPS.

Data Sources: MEDLINE (1950–September 2010), CINAHL (1982–September 2010), and SPORTDiscus (1830–September 2010) were searched to identify relevant research to this report. Study Selection: Studies were included assessing hip strength, lower extremity kinematics, or both in relation to PFPS were included.

Data Extraction: Studies included randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental designs, prospective epidemiology, case-control epidemiology, and cross-sectional descriptive epidemiology in a scientific peer-reviewed journal.

Results: PFPS is associated …

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Alters Neuromuscular Control And Kinetics During Stair Ambulation, Naoko Aminaka, Brian G. Pietrosimone, Charles W. Armstrong, Andrew Mezsaros, Phillip A. Gribble

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

The aim of the study was to investigate differences in frontal plane knee kinetics, onset timing and dura-tion of the gluteus medius (GMed), adductor longus (AL), and vastus medialis oblique (VMO) during stair ambulation between those with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Twenty PFPS patients and twenty healthy participants completed stair ambulation while surface electromyography (EMG), video, and ground reaction forces were collected. PFPS patients had a higher peak internal knee abduction moment during stair ascent, and a higher internal knee abduction impulse for both ascent and descent. During stair ascent, PFPS patients displayed earlier onset of the AL …

Musculoskeletal Healthcare For Latino Migrant Farmworkers: Interprofessional Collaboration To Provide Service And Educate Future Health Care Providers, Jason Brumitt, Leda Garside, Rebecca Reisch, Talina Marshall, Hu En Gilpin, Jessica Kinsey, Kelsey Imondi

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

The inability to access health care services is a significant issue in the United States (US). The US Census Bureau reports that as of 2009 over 50 million individuals (16.7% of the population) lacked health insurance. The number of people who became uninsured has also increased over time. One segment of the US population that is particularly vulnerable to health care inequities is Latinos. Failure to access timely primary medical services may increase the risk of disease transmission, morbidity, and mortality. In addition, failing to address health care needs at the primary provider level may contribute to an overutilization of …

The Effect Of Joint Mobilization On Functional Outcomes Associated With Chronic Ankle Instability, Matthew C. Hoch

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Ankle sprains are among the most common injuries sustained by physically active individuals. Although ankle sprains are often considered innocuous in nature, a large percentage of individuals experience repetitive sprains, residual symptoms, and recurrent ankle instability following a single acute sprain; otherwise known as chronic ankle instability (CAI). In addition to repetitive ankle trauma, those with CAI experience reductions in functional capacity over the life span. This indicates that current intervention strategies for CAI are inadequate and require further investigation.

The objective of this dissertation was to explore differences in walking and running gait parameters between individuals with and without …

A Survey Of Speech-Language Pathologists: Long-Term Speech Therapy Needs For Patients Within Three Neurological Conditions, Kara J. Ayala, Irmo Marini, Karen Luckett, E. Lisette Blanco

School of Rehabilitation Services & Counseling Faculty Publications

Forty-seven speech-language pathologists (SLPs) completed a written survey designed to obtain their opinions regarding the speech-language pathology needs of patients presenting with communication deficits following traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular accident and cerebral palsy. Results indicated that over one-half of the SLPs in the study cited the most common reason that speech therapy is stopped is due to lack of insurance coverage, not because the patient reached maximum improvement. After discharge from services, 78-92% of SLPs affirmed that their patients would have benefitted from ongoing speech-language treatment if insurance limitations were not a consideration. In many instances, therapy was recommended for …

Hindfoot And Forefoot Kinematic Differences Among Individuals With And Without Functional Ankle Instability, Cynthia Wright

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Following lateral ankle sprain, many individuals experience recurrent injury and symptoms of giving-way, known as Functional Ankle Instability (FAI). It has been proposed that altered joint kinematics during activity may contribute to instability in these individuals, however research findings have been inconsistent. Objective: To capture foot and ankle kinematic data during two common tasks (walking gait and jump landing) among three groups: individuals with FAI, healthy controls and copers. Design: 3-group observational cross-sectional study. Participants: Participants included 23 individuals with a history of ≥ 1 ankle sprain and at least 2 episodes of giving-way in the past year (FAI: …

Evaluation Of The Neurodegenerative Conditions Coordinated Care Program (Ncccp) In Western Australia: Barriers To Better Service Provision, Susanne T. Bahn, Margaret J. Giles

Research outputs 2011

This paper details a 2009–2010 evaluation of the Neurodegenerative Conditions Coordinated Care Program (NCCCP) commissioned by the Disability Services Commission (DSC) in Western Australia (WA). The program, run by the Multiple Sclerosis Society of WA (Inc.) provides in-home care and supports and respite for people who are under the age of sixty-five and diagnosed with a rapidly degenerative neurological condition. In 2009, the identified barriers to the better provision of services included: shortage of quality out-of-home respite providers, and convoluted paperwork requirements to qualify for the program. Some service providers were unaware of the program and so were not referring …

Correlating The Developmental Test Of Visual Perception -2 (Dtvp And The Test Of Visual Perceptual Skills - Revised (Tvps-R) As Assesssment Tools For Learners With Learning Difficulties, Janet Richmond, K Holland

Research outputs 2011

Learners are often referred to occupational therapists to assess their visual perceptual functioning. It is, therefore, imperative that the occupational therapists use the best assessment tools to obtain accurate and reliable results that lead to effective intervention which will be noticeable in the classroom functioning of these learners. A study was therefore conducted which correlated the results of the Developmental Test of Visual Perception (second edition) (DTVP-2) and the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills Revised (TVPS-R) in a cohort of 173 learners from Grade 1 to Grade 4 (children aged 6 years to 11 years). The learners attend a remedial …

Who Let The Dog Out? Implementing A Successful Therapy Dog Program In An Academic Law Library, Julian Aiken, Femi Cadmus

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Prevalence Of Evidence-Based Practice By The Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist In The Intervention Planning Process For Client Treatment, Linda Mrkic

Online Theses and Dissertations

Currently, there is a paucity of research examining the extent to which Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is being used by the Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist (CTRS). The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of EBP used by the CTRS in the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) southern district of the United States. This observational study investigated the use of EBP in the intervention planning process for client treatment. A sample of five hundred randomly selected CTRS from the National Council for Therapeutic Recreation Certification (NCTRC) were surveyed, and 102 completed the survey, yielding a 20.4% response rate. …

The Culture Of A Public School's Approach To Children With Asd: An Ethnographical Study, Lisa Mccarthy

Online Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this ethnographic study is to understand the culture of Westridge Elementary School (WRE), and its approach to the increasing numbers of mainstreamed students with special needs; in particular students identified with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The researcher examined the language, norms, and rituals of WRE, and how children with ASD are involved. Data from this research was collected through five face-to-face interviews, as well as participant observations, which were collected over a 2-3 week period in the spring and fall of 2010. Photographs of the school environment, along with the collection of artifacts, were also used to …

Art As Occupation: A Phenomenological Study Of Art As A Means Of Self-Expression For An Individual Recovering From Severe Physical, Sexual, And Ritual Abuse, Raina Kay Remole

Online Theses and Dissertations

This phenomenological study presents an in-depth exploration of one individual's retrospective account of using art over approximately ten years in Occupational Therapy (OT) intervention while recovering from severe abuse with a diagnosis of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID). After an extensive literature review, the qualitative data was gathered during thorough semi-structured interviews using conference calls and correspondence through e-mail with the participant. Data analysis involved horizontalization of narrative data resulting in the dissemination of meaning units. From these a textual and structural description of the participant's individual experience emerged through self-reflection and discussion of meaning units with the participant and outside …

Occupations And Quality Of Life Of Families With Children With Asd: A Survey, Rebecca Vaughn

Online Theses and Dissertations

In recent literature, it has been suggested that families with children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have diminished Quality of Life particularly in the areas of social interaction and family outings (Lee et al., 2008). The purpose of this study is to describe quality of life and occupations engaged in along with demographic features of families with children with an ASD. Data was collected utilizing a survey methods, a convenience sample received a questionnaire packet containing: Flanagan Quality of Life Scale, demographic survey and Occupational Checklist. Twenty-two families participated in the study. Descriptive statistics suggested that families with children …

A Parent Consultation Group For Parents Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Mixed Methodological Study, Cassandra Catherine Clark

Online Theses and Dissertations

Parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are known have higher levels of negative stress than parents of children without a chronic illness. These parents' roles and routines are also impacted since the many demands made by their children put them at greater risk of occupational injustice as they are less likely to participate in occupations of their choice. Despite multiple studies examining stress in parents of children with ASD, there is little to no recent published research on the effects of a parent consultation group on parents of children with ASD and their sense of competency and attitudes …

Analysis Of Phonological Disorder Among Preschool Children, Shao-Li Han, Yen-Chi Chen, Hsiao-Yu Yen, Ya-Wen Tu, Tsung-Yu Wei

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Speech sound errors have been noted as the most common speech disorder among children. However, recent studies about pronunciation errors among preschool children are lacking. Our aim was to evaluate the characteristics and frequency of pronunciation errors among pre-school children with phonological disorder in Taiwan. Between December 2006 and November 2008, we recruited children visiting our outpatient department for evaluation of speech sound errors. Children with speech delay, hearing loss, mental retardation, orofacial abnormalities, chromosomal abnormalities and other pervasive developmental disorders identified by clinical evaluation and clinical birth histories acquired from their families were excluded. Finally, 126 children who met …

Novel Orthoses For Male Hemiplegic Patients To Perform Clean Intermittent Catheterization: A Casereport, Yu-Lin Tsai, Mao-Hsiung Huang, Chia-Hsin Chen

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

A 37-year-old male suffered from hemorrhagic stroke with left side hemiplegia and neurogenic bladder. On admission, due to post-renal acute renal failure with hydronephrosis, he received indwelling catheterization but felt very uncomfortable. However, he was physically unable to perform clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) due to his hemiplegia. Two novel devices were designed to help him perform CIC using one side of his body. As in our experience with this case, hemiplegic patients may now be able to perform CIC by themselves to achieve adequate bladder drainage using one-sided limbs under the assistance of the novel orthoses.

Orthostatic Postural Deficit In Subjects With Streptococcal Serology-Related Unclassified Arthritis Of The Lumbopelvis, Shao-Chi Lu, Liang-Cheng Chen, Shang-Lin Chiang, Tsung-Ying Li, Yau-Ren Tseng, Shin-Tsu Chang, Chen-Chung Dai

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Titers of antistreptolysin-O (ASO) possess the diagnostic value in discriminating post-streptococcal reactive arthritis. Patients are labeled as ”unclassified arthritis” (UA) while hard to be classified as having a well-defined arthropathy. Posture is important to perform activities of daily living and its abnormality is a negative factor for trunk stability and balance. We hypothesized that an imbalance of the lumbopelvis due to sacroiliac joint disorder might produce a positional change. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a difference in postural sway during orthostatic standing in subjects with UA of the lumbopelvis and high ASO titers. All …

Efficacy Of Wii(Superscript Tm)-Based Virtual Reality Assisted Rehabilitation For Chronic Stroke Patients, Zheng-Yu Hoe, Jue-Long Wang, Yuk-Keung Lo, Shu-Fen Sun, Chao-Hung Chang, Hsin-I Tsai

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Virtual reality assisted rehabilitation provides the opportunity for a safe training environment, allows intensive practice using repetitive tasks, provides real-time auditory and visual performance feedback and also may augment patients’ motivation. Wii(superscript TM) has all of these advantages. In addition, it is relatively cheap and thus it is affordable and practical to be used in clinical settings. We recruited patients with chronic stroke (＞1 yr) and limb function impairment. All patients participated in the Wii(superscript TM)-based virtual reality assisted rehabilitation program with a minimum of 30 minutes/session, three times/week for 3 months. The patients' cognitive function, motor function of both …

Subjective And Objective Evaluation On The Effect Of Splinting In Short-Term Use For Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Preliminary Study, Shu-Min Chen, Chun-Kai Liao, Hsiu-Yun Hsu, Ta-Shen Kuan

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Splinting is a conservative treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), but the duration of treatment required for symptom relief has not been determined definitively. The aim of this study was to use subjective and objective methods to investigate the short-term therapeutic effect of splinting for CTS.Six participants with CTS were enrolled in this study. Participants were required to wear the splints for at least eight hours a day. Symptom Severity and Functional Status Scales, pinch power, nerve conduction studies, and high resolution sonography were used to evaluate the patients before and at two weeks and one month after splinting. The …

Acute Abdominal Pain In Spinal Cord Injury Patient Induced By Indwelling Urethral Catheter Placed Into The Right Ureter Through The Ureteral Orifice: A Casereport, Chang-Jheng Wu, Huei-Yu Lo, Yau-Wai Wai, Han-Tin Lu

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Diagnosis of acute abdomen in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients remains challenging. Classic peritoneal signs, such as rigid abdomen, rebounding pain and abdominal muscle guarding may be not reliable. It is still an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with SCI.A 45-year-old woman with SCI and 7th and 8th thoracic vertebrae fractures suffered from lower abdominal pain, fever and chills for three days. Physical examination revealed diffuse abdominal tenderness with muscle guarding. Laboratory studies showed severe leukocytosis and mild pyuria. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans (CTS) revealed a urinary catheter, which had been accidentally inserted into the right …

Clinical Outcomes Of Rehabilitation On An 11-Year-Old Girl With Devic's Syndrome: A Casereport, Cheng-Cheng Hsu, Wen-Chih Lin, Tan-Hwui Lau, Ming-Chi Lai, Rong-Bin Hong, Wei-Ni Chou

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Devic's syndrome-neuromyelitis optica (NMO), a rare demyelinating central nervous system diseases, must be clinically differentiated from multiple sclerosis (MS). The diagnostic criteria of Devic's syndrome include optic neuritis, acute myelitis, and at least two of the three symptoms below: brain MRI different from MS, three or more consecutive spinal segments invaded on MRI, and NMO-IgG seropositive.The case prevails over females aged 30-40 years. The courses of Devic's syndrome could be categorized in two types: single invasion and recurrence. The latter has poorer prognosis. The medical treatment mainly lies in immune modulation and the rehabilitative intervention including retaining life functions, preventing …

Dysphagia After Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery: A Casereport, Hsi-Ting Chiu, Ssu-Yuan Chen, Tyng-Guey Wang, Yen-Ho Wang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Dysphagia is one of the complications that develops after anterior cervical spine surgery. Its etiology is multifactorial. It is transient in most patients, and few patients suffer from dysphagia for more than several months. This study reports 1 patient with a dislocation fracture at the C5-C6 level who suffered from dysphagia for 6 months after the anterior cervical spine surgery. Videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing revealed pharyngeal muscle weakness and cricopharyngeal muscle dysfunction with obstruction at the level of the left upper esophageal sphincter. Serial examination revealed neither laryngeal organic lesions, such as those observed in vocal cord palsy, nor evidence …

Ultrasonographic Diagnosis Of A Knee Prosthesis Polyethylene Loose Body: A Casereport, Ying-Fang Chen, Yi-Pin Chiang, Baii-Jia Yang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Polyethylene is an important component of a knee prosthesis, but wear of this material is one of the most frequent complications following total knee arthroplasty. Diagnosis of polyethylene wear is based mainly on history, physical examination, and plain radiographs. However, even when the damage is severe, plain radiographs may not be so sensitive enough to detect the debris. Musculoskeletal ultrasound is infrequently used to evaluate the operated knee, but it is a sensitive method for evaluating the polyethylene component of a knee prosthesis.We report an 80-year-old woman who had a painful, enlarging, inflamed mass on her left knee. She had …

Toe-Out Landing Position Increases Medial Ground Reaction Force During Walking In Young Individuals, Chein-Teng Chung, Chen-Chia Yang, Chin-Hwa Chiu, Chia-Hung Lin, Yueh-Ling Hsieh

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine how toe-out foot landing position influences ground reaction forces (GRF) during gait.Design: Values of GRF components recorded with a force platform were used to compare 3D GRF vectors of toe-out and non toe-out (including neutral and toe-in) foot landing positions. Methods: Thirty-two healthy males (ranging from 19-21 years old) were repeatedly assigned three foot landing positions: maximum toe-out, maximum toe-in and neutral. Each participant walked with three foot landing positions across a force platform while their three-dimensional motion was captured. Results: No differences were observed for vertical or anteroposterior GRF among …

Effects Of Distributed Constraint-Induced Therapy On Trunk Control, Daily Function, And Quality Of Life In Patients With Chronic Stroke, Yi-An Chen, Keh-Chung Lin, Ching-Yi Wu, Yin-Chou Lin, Ngok-Kiu Chu, Jyh-Yuh Ke, Pei-Hsuan Wu

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Objective: Patients commonly have impaired arm trunk coordination following a stroke. The trunk compensation often used by stroke patients may hinder recovery of the affected arm. Given that the extent to which constraint-induced therapy (CIT) affects arm-trunk coordination has not been investigated previously, this study examines how distributed CIT (dCIT) affects arm trunk coordination and trunk compensation strategy, as well as functional performance and quality of life.Materials and Methods: Sixteen participants (at least 6 months post-onset) after stroke were randomly assigned to either the dCIT group which received training 2 hours daily for 3 weeks, with the unaffected arm restrained …

Application Of Shewhart Cycle Of "Plan-Do-Check-Act" Model To Improve The Waiting Time In Clinical Rehabilitation Therapy, Wen-Hsuan Lin, Ru-Lan Hsieh, Pei-Jei Tsai

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

The Shewhart cycle ”Plan-Do-Check-Act” (PDCA) can be applied by organizations as a model for designing, checking, evaluating, improving, or re-designing plans to improve the quality of service. We applied the PDCA model to clinical rehabilitation services in Taiwan and discussed its effects on the improvement in waiting time. Three issues facing current clinical rehabilitation services were proposed by the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in a medical center to which PDCA was applied: (1) arranging occupational therapy for in-patients within 3 days after consultation, (2) shortening the waiting time for therapy in children with developmental delays, and (3) shortening …

The Therapeutic Effect Of Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy On Severe Spasticity Related Spinal Cord Injury: A Casereport, Shin-Yo Lu, Tsui-Fen Yang, Tai-Tong Wong, Rai-Chi Chan, Chung-Yu Ho, Hung-Yi Chang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Spasticity refers to a velocity-dependent resistance to passive motion which was characterized as a symptom of upper motor neuron lesion. Though mild spasticity can help patients compensate for muscle weakness which is benefit for transferring and some daily living function, severe spasticity may cause difficulty in positioning, motor performance and predispose to pressure ulcer. The treatment option for spasticity includes physical therapy (positioning, stretching, range of motion exercise), splinting, oral medication (baclofen and diazepam are most commonly used), botulinum toxin or phenal block for focal spasticity, and more invasively, intrathecal baclofen pump (ITB) and selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR). Selective dorsal …