Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Coming To Terms With The Limited Body: The Role Of Physical Therapy In Improving Self-Esteem Of Stroke Survivors In Salvador-Bahia, Brazil, Ninghe Cai

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the role of the physical therapy offered by public health sectors in Salvador in improving stroke survivors’ self-esteem. This study also intends identify components of physical therapy that contribute most to patients’ perceived recovery.

Methods: Participant observation was conducted at Clinica da Fisioterapia in Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Púlica. Interviews were conducted with 4 professionals and 7 patients, of which 3 professionals and 6 patients are affiliated to Escola Bahiana. The patients participated in this study were also asked to evaluate their self-esteem via a questionnaire adapted from Rosenberg …

Kentucky Middle School General Education Teachers: Perceptions On Sensory Integration Of Students On The Autism Spectrum, Lynda C. Harrison

Dissertations

This study examines the perceptions of general education teachers in Kentucky middle schools regarding their knowledge concerning Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD), and their abilities to implement strategies designed to accommodate students on the spectrum. Participants included both general and special education teachers though the original targeted sampling included general education teachers only. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a Likert scale survey created by the researcher and distributed through a web based program. Demographic characteristics collected included number of graduate credit hours, age, years of teaching experience, credited hours of training on ASD at …

Motor And Visuospatial Attention And Motor Planning After Stroke: Considerations For The Rehabilitation Of Standing Balance And Gait, Sue Peters, Todd C. Handy, Bimal Lakhani, Lara A. Boyd, S. Jayne Garland

Physical Therapy Publications

Attention and planning can be altered by stroke, which can influence motor performance. Although the influence of these factors on recovery from stroke has been explored for the upper extremity (UE), their impact on balance and gait are unknown. This perspective article presents evidence that altered motor and visuospatial attention influence motor planning of voluntary goal-directed movements poststroke, potentially affecting balance and gait. Additionally, specific strategies for rehabilitation of balance and gait poststroke in the presence of these factors are discussed. Visuospatial attention selects relevant sensory information and supports the preparation of responses to this information. Motor attentional impairments may …

Maternal Factors And The Emotional And Behavioural Functioning Of Adolescents With Chronic Health Conditions, Nicole Etherington, Janette Mcdougall, David Dewit, Virginia Wright

Occupational Therapy Publications

Purpose: This study investigated the association between mothers’ mental health and education and the emotional and behavioural functioning of adolescents with chronic health conditions over time.

Methods: Data were drawn from an ongoing study. Study participants (N¼363) were recruited through eight children’s rehabilitation centres. Logistic regression models were estimated.

Results: There were significantly reduced odds that girls would display clinical signs of hyperactivity/inattention one year later compared to boys when a maternal mental health condition was present (OR¼0.10; p50.01). Where low maternal education was present, girls were more likely to display peer relationship problems one year later (OR¼3.72; …

Physical Therapists Providing Smoking Cessation Education: Attitudes And Potential In A Rural Setting, James J. Laskin

University Grant Program Reports

The primary objective of this pilot study is to focus on physical therapists practicing in a rural setting; where 65% of the Montana population resides. Physical therapists are a key provider of healthcare service and entry into the healthcare system. In this proposed study we want to 1) assess the current state of smoking cessation being offered by physical therapists, 2) determine the viability of physical therapists to provide smoking cessation counseling based on their knowledge, skills and perceptions, 3) try to understand the patients’ perspective regarding a physical therapist providing these services and 4) identify the barriers to physical …

Preventing And Reducing Falls In Assisted Living Facilities: An Educational Intervention, Raquel F. Ramos, Jennifer A. Borcich, Taylor S. Wong

Student Research Posters

As the number of older adults continues to rise, falling in older adults has become a national health care issue. Many older adults who fall reside in assisted living facilities. Every time a fall incident occurs, first responders are called, utilizing a significant amount of first responder’s time and resources. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to implement a fall prevention program for residents of an assisted living facility (ALF) to reduce fall risk and fall-related calls to the local fire department. The project consisted of a four-week course given once weekly for 60 minutes to residents at an …

Toward A Deeper Understanding Of Disability: Physical Therapy Educators’ Reflections, Clarence Chan, Debra Engel, Jacqueline Ross

Publications and Research

This article describes the unique journey both of a blind student in our Physical Therapist Assistant (PTA) Program and of the faculty who taught him as they all navigated through uncharted territories. Despite the fact that the physical therapy profession trains practitioners to help clients with disabilities to maximize their physical function and teaches them how to adapt to the challenges of daily activity, we initially assumed that a blind student would not be able to complete the program or be able to become a self-sufficient practitioner. We were very wrong. This article describes our learning process over the course …

Immigrant & Refugee Family Wellness Through Yoga & Zumba, Elizabeth Crawford, Faith Swenson, Angela Serrani, Kathleen Cassidy, Brittany Roy

Immigrant and Refugee Family Wellness Engagement Through Yoga and Zumba

Research poster stemming from IPEC mini-grant funded student project Immigrant And Refugee Family Wellness Engagement Through Yoga And Zumba. Students from multiple health professions collaborated to provide Yoga and Zumba classes at the Riverton Community Center. The project aimed to increase the participants’ ability to utilize stress reducing activities through a blend of student created heath education materials and yoga and zumba classes for refugee women and children.

Increasing Ball Velocity In The Overhead Athlete: A Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Natalie L. Myers, Aaron D. Sciascia, Philip M. Westgate, William B. Kibler, Tim L. Uhl

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Overhead athletes routinely search for ways to improve sport performance, and one component of performance is ball velocity. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of different strengthening interventions on ball and serve velocity. A comprehensive literature search with pre-set inclusion and exclusion criteria from 1970 to 2014 was conducted. Eligible studies were randomized control trials including the mean and SDs of both pretest and posttest ball velocities in both the experimental and the control groups. The outcome of interest was ball/serve velocity in baseball, tennis, or softball athletes. Level 2 evidence or higher was investigated …

Reliability Of Strength And Performance Testing Measures And Their Ability To Differentiate Persons With And Without Shoulder Symptoms, Aaron Sciascia, Tim L. Uhl

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Upper extremity physical performance measures exist but none have been universally accepted as the primary means of gauging readiness to return to activity following rehabilitation. Few reports have described reliability and/or differences in outcome with physical performance measures between individuals with and without shoulder symptoms.

HYPOTHESES/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to establish the reliability of traditional upper extremity strength testing and the CKCUEST in persons with and without shoulder symptoms as well as to determine if the testing maneuvers could discriminate between individuals with and without shoulder symptoms. The authors hypothesized that strength and physical …

Exercise: An Antecedent Based Intervention To Address Sensory Motor Needs And Learning Readiness, Laura Greiss Hess, Heather Maurin

Collected Faculty Scholarship

• “Exercise (ECE) is a strategy that involves an increase in physical exertion as a means of reducing problem behaviors or increasing appropriate behavior while increasing physical fitness and motor skills”
• “ECE can be used effectively to address behavior, school-readiness, academic, and motor skills.” NPDC Exercise Fact Sheet, 2014

Effects Of Sertraline Treatment For Young Children With Fxs, Andrew Ligsay, Laura Greiss Hess, Sarah Fitzpatrick, Kerrie Lemons Chitwood, Jonathan Polussa, Salpi Siyahian, Randi Hagerman

Collected Faculty Scholarship

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) help treat many of the phenotypic manifestations of fragile X syndrome (FXS) including anxiety, sensory processing challenges, and communication and intellectual deficits. However, the efficacy of SSRIs has not been previously studied in children with FXS under five-years-old. The purpose of this study was to elucidate group differences in behavior and developmental outcome measures for young children with FXS when treated with sertraline compared to placebo.

Spinal And Supraspinal Motor Control Predictors Of Rate Of Torque Development, S. T. Johnson, Kristof Kipp, M. F. Norcross, M. A. Hoffman

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

During explosive movements and potentially injurious situations, the ability to rapidly generate torque is critical. Previous research has suggested that different phases of rate of torque development (RTD) are differentiately controlled. However, the extent to which supraspinal and spinal mechanisms predict RTD at different time intervals is unknown. RTD of the plantarflexors across various phases of contraction (i.e., 0–25, 0–50, 0–100, 0–150, 0–200, and 0–250 ms) was measured in 37 participants. The following predictor variables were also measured: (a) gain of the resting soleus H-reflex recruitment curve; (b) gain of the resting homonymous post-activation depression recruitment curve; (c) gain of …

Developmental Coordination Disorder: The Relationship Between Gait And Attention With Possible Implications For Early Identification And Intervention, Yocheved Bensinger-Brody

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The aim of this research was to evaluate how increased levels of challenge to attentional capacity would affect the motor planning and coordination in the gait of children at risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) across developmental ages. The study incorporated a dual task paradigm requiring both motor and attention performance, with the primary hypothesis that children who are at risk of DCD across different ages (3- to 8 yrs.-of-age) would demonstrate an alteration in their motor strategies if they were simultaneously engaging in an attention task. A secondary hypothesis of this study was that there is an underlying deficit …

Involvement Of The Right Hemisphere In Reading Comprehension: A Dti Study, Tzipi Horowitz-Kraus, Yingying Wang, Elena Plante, Scott K. Holland

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

The Simple View of reading emphasizes the critical role of two factors in normal reading skills: word recognition and reading comprehension. The current study aims to identify the anatomical support for aspects of reading performance that fall within these two components. Fractional anisotropy (FA) values were obtained from Diffusion Tensor images in twenty-one typical adolescents and young adults using the Tract Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) method. We focused on the Arcuate Fasciculus (AF) and Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus (ILF) as fiber tracts that connect regions already implicated in the distributed cortical network for reading. Our results demonstrate dissociation between word-level and …

New Create Day Presentations In The Jdc, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi

Jefferson Digital Commons News

Collaborative Research and Evidence Among Therapists and Educators (CREATE) Day is a clinical education program presented by occupational therapy graduate students in partial fulfillment of the Master of Science degree in Occupational Therapy at Thomas Jefferson University.

Do Three Different Passive Assessments Of Quadriceps Spasticity Relate To The Functional Activity Of Walking For Children Diagnosed With Cerebral Palsy?, Hank White, Tim L. Uhl, Sam Augsburger

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

A stiff-knee gait pattern is frequently associated with several impairments including quadriceps spasticity in children diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP). The relationship of clinical measures of quadriceps spasticity and the stiff-knee gait pattern in children diagnosed with CP has not been well established. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the ability of clinical measures of quadriceps spasticity (modified Ashworth scale [MAS], Ely tests, and pendulum test) to categorize a stiff-knee gait pattern in children with CP. Children were categorized as having a stiff-knee gait pattern based on kinematic and EMG gait data. Results of a logistic regression …

A Randomized And Blinded Study For The Treatment Of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Range Of Motion Restriction: The Prone-Passive Stretching Technique, Dave Hammons Edd, John W. Mcchesney Ph.,D., Michael Curtin, Md, Ronald Pfeiffer, Ed.D, Keith Thiede, Phd

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

A Randomized and Blinded Study for the Treatment of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Range of Motion Restriction: The Prone-Passive Stretching Technique

Background: Prior research has focused on specific interventions to reduce the symptoms of glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) and posterior glenohumeral (GH) tightness; however, clinicians often utilize a prone stretching technique instead for which a lack of evidence exists to support the use of.

Hypothesis: Improvements in GH Internal rotation (IR) range of motion (ROM) will be greater in a group of overhead athletes using a prone-passive stretching technique than for overhead athletes using a cross-body stretching technique.

Design …

Effective Treatment Of An Apparent Meniscal Injury Using The Mulligan Concept, Alex J. Rhinehart

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Abstract

Objective: Present a clinic case demonstrating the effectiveness of the Mulligan Concept (MC) in treating an apparent meniscal injury. The utilization of the MC in the evaluation and treatment of a 20-year-old soccer player with an apparent acute meniscal injury is presented. Background: Meniscal injuries are common knee injuries. The MC is a therapeutic intervention strategy applied as both a treatment-based evaluation and therapeutic intervention. Treatment: The patient was successfully treated in four treatment sessions using the MC. The patient experienced minimal clinically-important differences on a variety of global and regional patient-rated outcomes. Uniqueness: To the author’s knowledge, …

Prevalence And Influences Of Preschoolers’ Sedentary Behaviors In Early Learning Centers: A Cross-Sectional Study, Patricia Tucker, Leigh M. Vanderloo, Shauna M. Burke, Jennifer D. Irwin, Andrew M. Johnson

Occupational Therapy Publications

Background

Recent research has highlighted the need for increased evidence regarding the sedentary activity levels of preschoolers. Given the large proportion of time this population spends in various early learning facilities, the exploration of sedentary behaviors within this particular environment should be a priority. The purpose of the study was two-fold: (1) to compare sedentary time of preschoolers in three different early learning environments (i.e., full-day kindergarten [FDK], center-, and home-based childcare); and (2) to assess which characteristics (i.e., staff behaviors, sedentary environment, fixed play environment, portable play environment, sedentary opportunities) of these early learning environments influence preschoolers’ sedentary time. …

Mobility And Cognition In Seniors. Report From The 2008 Institute Of Aging (Cihr) Mobility And Cognition Workshop, Manuel Montero-Odasso, Louis Bherer, Stephanie Studenski, Karen Gopaul, Afua Oteng-Amoako, Sarah Woolmore-Goodwin, Paul Stoole, Jennie Wells, Timothy Doherty, Aleksandra A. Zecevic, David Galinsky, R. Jane Rylett, Jeffrey Jutai, Susan W. Muir-Hunter, Mark Speechley, Richard Camicioli

Physical Therapy Publications

Background

The annual Scientific Meeting of the Canadian Association on Gerontology was held on October 24 and 25, 2008 in London, Ontario. Prior to the annual meeting, mobility and cognition experts met on October 23, 2008 to engage in a pre-conference workshop.

Methods

Discussions during the workshop addressed novel areas of research and knowledge and research gaps pertaining to the interaction between mobility and cognition in seniors.

Results

Workshop presenters moved from the neuromuscular, biomechanics, and neurology of gait impairments, and falls through the role of cognition and mood on mobility regulation to the whole person in the environment. Research …

Occupational Therapy: Meeting The Needs Of Families Of People With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Heather Miller-Kuhaneck, Renee Watling

Occupational Therapy Faculty Publications

Occupational therapy has much to offer to families of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, people outside the profession may be unaware of occupational therapy’s breadth and scope. It is our responsibility and our duty to express the full range of occupational therapy services through research, clinical practice, advocacy, and consumer education. This special issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy, with its focus on autism, embarks on this endeavor by highlighting research and theoretical articles that address the various aspects of occupational therapy practice that can help to fully meet the needs of people with ASD and …

Review Of The Pe Metrics Cognitive Assessment Tool For Fifth Grade Students, Michael Hodges, Chong Lee, Kent A. Lorenz, Daniel Cipriani

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Study aim: this study examined the item difficulty and item discrimination scores for the HRFK PE Metrics cognitive assessment tool for 5th-grade students. Materials and methods: ten elementary physical education teachers volunteered to participate. Based on convenience, participating teachers selected two 5th grade physical education classes. Teachers then gave students (N = 633) a 28-question paper and pencil HRFK exam using PE Metrics Standards 3 and 4. Item difficulty and discrimination analysis and Rasch Modeling were used data to determine underperforming items. Results: analysis suggests that at least three items are problematic. The Rasch Model confirmed this …

Less Is More: The Physiological Basis For Tapering In Endurance, Strength, And Power Athletes, Kevin A. Murach, James R. Bagley

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Taper, or reduced-volume training, improves competition performance across a broad spectrum of exercise modes and populations. This article aims to highlight the physiological mechanisms, namely in skeletal muscle, by which taper improves performance and provide a practical literature-based rationale for implementing taper in varied athletic disciplines. Special attention will be paid to strength- and power-oriented athletes as taper is under-studied and often overlooked in these populations. Tapering can best be summarized by the adage “less is more” because maintained intensity and reduced volume prior to competition yields significant performance benefits.

The Effects Of Massage On Perceived Physical Soreness, Pain And Markers Of Inflammation Following High Intensity Unaccustomed Exercise, Courtney Lynn Crow

Master's Theses

Massage is often recommended to athletes to facilitate recovery and attenuate DOMS. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of massage on perceived muscle soreness and pain, inflammatory and immune markers, ROM, and mood state. Fourteen, recreationally active, women participated in a randomized crossover design study, consisting of 1) 60 min. full body massage following unaccustomed exercise and 2) 60 min. of rest. following unaccustomed exercise. Perceived muscle soreness and pain, active range of motion (ROM), mood state, along with blood concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), creatine kinase (CK), and neutrophil count (NC), was assessed …

The Effects Of A Novel Therapeutic Intervention In Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Patients, Adel M. Alshahrani

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common disorder affecting individuals in the United States and in the world. The prevalence of DM has increased noticeably over the last three decades with an estimated 380 million people currently diagnosed with this disease. DM is associated with numerous systemic complications that affect the retina, heart, brain, kidneys, and nerves. The most common complication of DM is diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy causes reduced sensation, reflexes, proprioception, and strength in lower limbs that leads to balance problems. Various manual therapy techniques have not approached a pilot study for the efficacy of a manual …

Physical Therapy After Triangular Fibrocartilage Injuries And Ulnar Wrist Pain, Mohamed A. Abdelmegeed

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: The ulnar side of the wrist has been referred to as the “black box” of the wrist because of its complex structures and sophisticated anatomy, disorders at this anatomical site have been compared to those of low back pain

Purposes: The purpose of this study was to apply the Brief International Classification of Functioning (ICF) Core Set for Hand Conditions to the physical therapy outcome measures, and to evaluate the contribution of these measures to overall health in subjects with ulnar wrist pain. A secondary purpose was to investigate the effect of wrist orthotics and strengthening exercise on …

Cross-Cultural Adaption And Psychometric Properties Testing Of The Arabic Anterior Knee Pain Scale, Abdullah S. Alshehri

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFP) is a common condition affecting the musculoskeletal system and has a tendency of becoming chronic and is problematic in the affected people. It is the commonest cause of anterior knee pain. In over 2/3 of the patients affected it has been successfully treated through the use of rehabilitation protocols which are designed in pain reduction and returning the functionality to an individual. Many cases of patellofemoral pain syndrome can be avoided only if a clinician can make a pre-diagnosis. Preparation Screening Evaluation testing done by a certified athletic trainer can also help in prevention of this …

Upper Body Posture And Pain In Division I Female Volleyball And Softball Athletes, Brittany M. Plunkett Castilla

Dissertations and Theses

Participation in athletics is a popular pastime and form of entertainment. Children often begin to specialize in one sport at a young age in an effort to excel, which increases physical stress and the potential for injuries. Athletes participating in overhead sports are at increased risk of upper body chronic injuries, in part because the shoulder is an unstable hypermobile joint. Posture may also be affected in these athletes because of the demands placed on the upper body. The purpose of this study was to measure the upper body posture in a sample of Division I collegiate volleyball and softball …

Impaired Regulation Post-Stroke Of Motor Unit Firing Behavior During Volitional Relaxation Of Knee Extensor Torque Assessed Using High Density Surface Emg Decomposition, Spencer A. Murphy, Reivian Berrios, P. Andrew Nelson, Francesco Negro, Dario Farina, Brian D. Schmit, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to use high density surface EMG recordings to quantify stroke-related abnormalities in motor unit firing behavior during repeated sub-maximal knee extensor contractions. A high density surface EMG system (sEMG) was used to record and extract single motor unit firing behavior in the vastus lateralis muscle of 6 individuals with chronic stroke and 8 controls during repeated sub-maximal isometric knee extension contractions. Paretic motor unit firing rates were increased with subsequent contractions (6.19±0.35 pps vs 7.89±0.66 pps, P