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Articles 2011 - 2040 of 7978
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Examining The U.S. Disaster Management Program: A Case Study Of The U.S. Virgin Islands Hurricanes Irma And Maria Evacuation, Victoria F. Vachon
Examining The U.S. Disaster Management Program: A Case Study Of The U.S. Virgin Islands Hurricanes Irma And Maria Evacuation, Victoria F. Vachon
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractWhether from natural or human causes, every global community is at risk for overwhelming, destabilizing incidents. Hurricanes Irma and Maria devastated the U.S. Virgin Islands in late August and early September 2017, necessitating the urgent evacuation of hemodialysis patients over 1000 miles to the U.S. mainland. Because the damage and response to the U.S. territory were unprecedented, the public health implications of the government’s strategies on the evacuated population subset were unexplored. However, available information suggested that some evacuees sustained avoidable harm while in the protracted care and custody of the government. This qualitative case study, conceptually framed by Bronfenbrenner’s …
Self-Care And Psychosocial Factors That Predict Sickle Cell Disease-Related Outcomes Among African Americans In The Usa, Datonye Agina-Obu
Self-Care And Psychosocial Factors That Predict Sickle Cell Disease-Related Outcomes Among African Americans In The Usa, Datonye Agina-Obu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Existing beliefs and conceptions regarding sickle cell disease (SCD) have had a significant impact on the appropriate management of the condition, including self-care and psychosocial factors, particularly among African Americans. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of self-care and psychosocial factors on SCD-related outcomes among African Americans in the United States. The study was grounded in the self-care management theory and employed a cross-sectional, quantitative design. Regression analyses were conducted to explore the associations between self-care and psychosocial factors and SCD-related outcomes sample of 180 individuals. The results indicated three factors showed significant relationships for sickle …
Detecting Postpartum Depression In Women: Effects Of Breastfeeding, Weight Gain, And Abuse, Ifitumi Audu
Detecting Postpartum Depression In Women: Effects Of Breastfeeding, Weight Gain, And Abuse, Ifitumi Audu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Postpartum depression is a significant health issue that has affected over 10% of womenworldwide. However, it has not received the attention it deserves, and many women continue to suffer in silence. Certain risk factors are indicative of postpartum depression. Some include a history of depression and a lack of a support system. Others include weight gain, breastfeeding, and physical/emotional abuse. However, research on these is limited. Thus, this research aimed to investigate the effect of breastfeeding, weight gain, and abuse on postpartum depression in women between 18 and 40+. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment …
Community Perceptions Of Syringe Service Programs In Charleston, West Virginia: A Qualitative Socioecological Perspective, Kenya M. Burton
Community Perceptions Of Syringe Service Programs In Charleston, West Virginia: A Qualitative Socioecological Perspective, Kenya M. Burton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In rural areas of the United States, people who inject drugs (PWID) experience an array of obstacles to accessing adequate healthcare. Locations with high rates of drug use normally offer more healthcare options, including needle exchange programs but, in some communities, there is resistance to providing this kind of care. This increases mortality, morbidity, cost, and adds to the stigma experienced by this vulnerable group. The experiences of people with substance dependency, including PWID, has been widely explored throughout studies that reflect a need for increased support. However, the perspectives of the community, especially in rural areas, though equally important, …
Experiences Of Hurricane-Related Events Among Campus Leadership Of Southeastern U.S. Universities, Clarissa E. Henry
Experiences Of Hurricane-Related Events Among Campus Leadership Of Southeastern U.S. Universities, Clarissa E. Henry
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Over the last 10 years, institutes of higher learning (IHLs) in the southeastern United States have endured natural disasters that have caused flooding, water, and wind damage and resulted in student evacuations, class disruptions, and building damage. IHLs are further challenged with resuming campus operations despite the emotional impact resulting after a natural disaster occurs. There is limited research relative to the experiences of campus leadership who share the responsibility of keeping students, visitors, and university artifacts safe during and after a hurricane-related event. This research study served as a qualitative phenomenological assessment of campus leadership experiences during a post-hurricane-related …
Rape Myth Acceptance And Attitudes Toward Bystander Intervention Among Division Iii College Student Athletes And Nonathletes, Del Rey Honeycutt
Rape Myth Acceptance And Attitudes Toward Bystander Intervention Among Division Iii College Student Athletes And Nonathletes, Del Rey Honeycutt
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Sexual assault on college campuses is a significant concern and deemed a public health problem. Research suggested that certain groups, such as male college student athletes, may be the main offenders and contributors to the problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between acceptance of specific rape myths and attitudes toward bystander intervention in specific situations among Division III athletes and nonathletes on a college campus. The theory of planned behavior and feminist theory served as the foundation for this quantitative study. An archival dataset was analyzed that included undergraduate students (N = 313) from a …
The Motivations And Work-Life Balance Of Paid Home-Based Caregivers Of Clients Experiencing Dementia, Cheraire Lyons
The Motivations And Work-Life Balance Of Paid Home-Based Caregivers Of Clients Experiencing Dementia, Cheraire Lyons
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
With an expected increase in demand for professional caregivers for the growing older adult and aging population, caregivers need balance in their lives so they can provide quality patient care. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore what motivates paid, professional home-based caregivers of clients with dementia to maintain their work–life balance. The caregiver ambition framework was the guide for exploring home-based caregivers’ work life issues along with caregivers’ motivations for work–life enrichment. Interview data were collected from five interviews that were analyzed first manually by exploring the transcribed interviews for commonly seen words and phrases. …
Diabetes Self-Management Education, Jean David Thomas
Diabetes Self-Management Education, Jean David Thomas
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractAccording to the World Health Organization, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, metabolic disease that can lead to damage throughout the body and development complications if self-care management is not implemented. Studies have demonstrated a lack of preparedness of nursing staff on T2DM self-care. At the federally qualified health clinic where this Doctor of Nursing Practice project occurred, a gap in practice existed related to the use of outdated American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines and lack of patient education documentation on self-care management of T2DM. The purpose of this staff education project was to plan, implement, and evaluate …
Student Physical Therapy Supervision And Physical Therapy Productivity In Skilled Nursing Facilities, Dionne Degrande
Student Physical Therapy Supervision And Physical Therapy Productivity In Skilled Nursing Facilities, Dionne Degrande
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Physical therapy (PT) educational programs are faced with the problem of securing thenecessary clinical experiences for their students, particularly in long-term care settings. Student physical therapists (SPTs) must complete clinical education requirements to graduate and transition from learner to entry-level practitioner. Clinical instructors (CIs) provide SPT supervision and are responsible for meeting industry-standard productivity expectations. There is the notion that SPTs negatively impact PT productivity, creating a reluctance for organizations to host SPTs for clinical experiences. This quantitative pilot study aimed to determine if there was a statistically significant difference between PT productivity with and without SPTs in skilled nursing …
Relationship Of Acetaminophen And Alcohol To Incipient Renal Insufficiency: The Role Of Race In Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate, Preston Eledu
Relationship Of Acetaminophen And Alcohol To Incipient Renal Insufficiency: The Role Of Race In Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate, Preston Eledu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There are increasing concerns about the incorporation of race in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) prediction equation. which has been used to measure renal function in studies that have shown a relationship between therapeutic dose of acetaminophen and light-moderate alcohol use to incipient renal insufficiency. The purpose of this study was to assess the same relationship, using a redefinition of renal insufficiency based on the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration creatinine-based eGFR, with and without race, and exploring the potential impact of race in the hypothesized relationship. Data from the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed using …
Impacts Of White Privilege And Implicit Bias On Treatment Implementation With Black Pediatric Patients, Tara Geer-Leiker
Impacts Of White Privilege And Implicit Bias On Treatment Implementation With Black Pediatric Patients, Tara Geer-Leiker
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
White privilege and implicit bias are known contributing factors to the racial health inequities that exist in the treatment of Black children in U.S. hospitals. There is limited research, however, on the potential for White nurses to engage in self-examination related to either concept. The purpose of this basic qualitative inquiry was to understand how White privilege and/or implicit bias shapes the lived experiences of White nurses as they treat and interact with Black pediatric patients. The conceptual framework included a modified model comprised of Hobbs’s concept of White privilege and Blair et al.’s model of influences of implicit bias …
Occupational Stress In Long Term Care In Georgia And Virginia During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Lacountess Renee Hooks
Occupational Stress In Long Term Care In Georgia And Virginia During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Lacountess Renee Hooks
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Nursing staff working in long-term care settings experience high levels of occupational stress related to many factors that can lead to poor outcomes for the nursing staff and the residents. In 2020, the World Health Organization declared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as COVID-19, a pandemic which over the course of 3 years, has added an additional source of work-related stress for long-term care nursing staff. This quantitative cross-sectional study was guided by the job demand-control-support model to explore perceived stress and nursing stress among nursing staff working in the long-term care setting in Georgia and …
Associations Between Substance Use And Obesity Among Native American Adolescents, Joseph Jude Janosky
Associations Between Substance Use And Obesity Among Native American Adolescents, Joseph Jude Janosky
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Obesity and substance use are two significant public health issues among Native American adolescents. Despite much evidence linking obesity and substance use during adolescence to several long-term health conditions and increased morbidity and mortality, evidence describing the relationship between current substance use and obesity among Native American adolescents is lacking. The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate associations between current substance use – specifically alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco products – and obesity among Native American high school students, when adjusted for sex, soda consumption, and physical activity. Rosenstock’s health belief model served as the theoretical foundation for this …
Relationship Between Screentime And Depressive Symptoms And Associated Mediators For African American Adolescents In The United States, Brittney Jones
Relationship Between Screentime And Depressive Symptoms And Associated Mediators For African American Adolescents In The United States, Brittney Jones
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The prevalence of adolescent depression in the United States is increasing as adolescents’ use of electronic screen devices increases. Some studies have found associations between screentime and adolescent depression, and other researchers have posited that screentime is not intrinsically harmful. High screentime in African American adolescents may place them at risk for worse depressive symptom outcomes, but the relationship between screentime and depressive symptoms for this population is unknown. The three research questions of this study addressed whether there is a relationship between screentime and depressive symptoms in African American adolescents, and whether sleep duration and the frequency of physical …
Association Of Socioeconomic Status And Marital Status With Genuine Halitosis Among Dental Patients In Sudan, Eiman Abd Almonim Khidir
Association Of Socioeconomic Status And Marital Status With Genuine Halitosis Among Dental Patients In Sudan, Eiman Abd Almonim Khidir
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThe prevalence of halitosis has been rising in recent years and has become a social and public health problem worldwide. People’s concerns about halitosis can influence their psychological, social, and professional lives and lead to social isolation and anxiety. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to examine the association of socioeconomic status and marital status with genuine halitosis after adjusting for age, gender, and smoking among patients attending dental clinics in Khartoum, Sudan. The social-ecological model grounded the study. Secondary data from dental clinics in Khartoum, Sudan, were used with a sample size of 340. Data analysis included …
Examination Of Exposure Types Association With Stigma And Impacts On Sharps Injury Reporting In Ambulatory Surgical Centers, Timothy William Lynch
Examination Of Exposure Types Association With Stigma And Impacts On Sharps Injury Reporting In Ambulatory Surgical Centers, Timothy William Lynch
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Public health depends on the efficiency of work delivery among healthcare workers (HCWs) and their positive goal orientation in healthcare. Effective minimizing of needlestick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) and timely reporting are fundamental to meeting public health goals. The specific research problem addressed through this study is whether the independent variable of exposure type (needle stick injury, splash exposure injury, other sharp injuries) has an association with stigma associated with sharps injury reporting (dependent variable) among HCWs in ambulatory surgical centers. A quantitative, cross-sectional design involving secondary data analysis was used. Regression was used to analyze pre- and post-workshop survey …
Comparative Study Of Risky Sexual Behaviors In African American Adolescents Who Use Drugs And Alcohol, Angela Matthew
Comparative Study Of Risky Sexual Behaviors In African American Adolescents Who Use Drugs And Alcohol, Angela Matthew
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health problem in the United States. Adolescents are a high majority of these cases, with African American adolescents being affected disproportionally. Previous research has shown that risky sexual behaviors, such as non-condom use, multiple sexual partners, early initiation of sexual intercourse, and alcohol or marijuana use before sexual intercourse put adolescents at a higher risk of contracting an STI when they are sexually active. These behaviors can be observed through the theoretical framework of the problem behavior theory that describes the constructs of why individuals engage certain behaviors. How alcohol and drug …
Health Education Needs For Mortality Surveillance In Machakos County, Kenya, James S. Mwanza
Health Education Needs For Mortality Surveillance In Machakos County, Kenya, James S. Mwanza
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Reporting mortality information is the primary data source from which evidence can be drawn to monitor disease trends and inform public health policy to improve population health. Still, only two-thirds of expected annual deaths are reported globally. Health education and promotion play a significant role in empowering communities to uptake public health services such as mortality surveillance. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to understand health workers’ (HWs’) perspectives regarding the need for health education to support mortality surveillance in Machakos County, Kenya. The capabilities, opportunities, and motivation for the behavior change model guided the study. Semi-structured interviews were used to …
Factors Associated With Intent To Quit Smoking Among U.S. Adult Smokers, Patrese Ann Nesbitt
Factors Associated With Intent To Quit Smoking Among U.S. Adult Smokers, Patrese Ann Nesbitt
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Smoking and tobacco use continue to be a public health issue for over 40 million Americans, which explains the appropriateness and abundance of smoking cessation programs throughout the United States. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the associations between independent variables of marital status, advice from a medical clinician, and use of community smoking cessation resources and the dependent variable of intent to quit smoking, controlling for race, ethnicity, gender, and age. The theory of reasoned action was used to guide the study. Data from the National Adult Tobacco Survey (N = 12,357) were analyzed using …
Association Between Psychosocial, Obstetric, And Lifestyle Factors And Antenatal Depression, Tomnema Xiong
Association Between Psychosocial, Obstetric, And Lifestyle Factors And Antenatal Depression, Tomnema Xiong
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Antenatal depression, or depression during pregnancy, is a mental health concern in the United States that impacts mothers and their infants. This study examined the associations between psychosocial, obstetric, lifestyle factors, and antenatal depression. This study was guided by social cognitive theory, specifically the reciprocal determinism construct. Secondary data from the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) were used in this quantitative cross-sectional study. Every participant of the NHANES completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression screening form. The study sample consisted of 274 women who were pregnant at the time of participating in the NHANES, approximately 28.8% of …
Risk Factors Influencing Poliomyelitis Seroprevalence In Polio High Risk Areas Of Afghanistan, Wasan Abdulaziz Al-Tamimi
Risk Factors Influencing Poliomyelitis Seroprevalence In Polio High Risk Areas Of Afghanistan, Wasan Abdulaziz Al-Tamimi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Afghanistan is one of the remaining polio endemic countries in the world. Nearly one million children under 5 years of age have missed polio vaccination in Afghanistan from May 2018 until January 2021. This quantitative study used the socioecological model as the theoretical framework and secondary data analysis of the 2020 polio serosurvey (N = 1384) to investigate various risk factors such as gender, parental education, family origin (language/location), wealth, distance to nearest health facility, and number of polio vaccine doses on the level of antibodies (i.e., seroprevalence) against all three types of polioviruses in children of two age groups, …
The Effects Of Vesico-Vaginal Fistula In The Lives Of Women In Southeastern Nigeria, Chioma Esther Amutaigwe
The Effects Of Vesico-Vaginal Fistula In The Lives Of Women In Southeastern Nigeria, Chioma Esther Amutaigwe
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) is a maternal health problem faced by women in developing countries. VVF is one of the most devastating consequences of prolonged obstructed labor and is still prevalent in resource-poor countries like Nigeria where fertility is high, the status of women is low, and obstetric services are often inadequate. The objective of this study was to enrich our understanding of the effects of VVF as it relates to women’s experiences in southeastern Nigeria. I adopted the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping in this study; this theory posits that people, when contending with any kind of stressors, are …
Predictors Of Retention Among Individuals With Hiv Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy In Ghana, Ivy Ama Okae
Predictors Of Retention Among Individuals With Hiv Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy In Ghana, Ivy Ama Okae
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Abstract Managing HIV requires lifelong therapy. Retaining clients on lifelong therapeutic antiretroviral therapy (ART) ensures the suppression of viral replication and better health outcomes. The time of the start of ART management is also a factor in determining better health outcomes for persons living with HIV. This study examined the association between initiation criteria (treat all, Option B+, and CDC T-cell count < 500) and retention on ART at 12 months for 17,974 randomly selected clients in the Ghana Health Service's HIV patient electronic database. Analyses controlled for age, gender, educational status, alcohol use, treatment/adherence monitoring, and tuberculosis disease treatment. Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory guided the interpretation of the findings. Results shows that retention was positively associated with all treatment initiation criteria. Clients initiated with CD4 count ≤ 500 criteria seemed to be retained at 12 months on ART at a higher rate than initiation criteria based on Option B+ and treat all. The study results may contribute to positive social change by supporting CD4 testing for clients before initiation of ART to improve retention and ensure the availability and use of adherence counseling, no tuberculosis disease and its prevention, and low use of alcohol among people living with HIV. The results of this study may also provide opportunities for public health policy intervention efforts requiring a personalized, group-based approach to service delivery at the intrapersonal level, interconnected with interpersonal, meso, and meta factors at the community level.
The Effects Of Vesico-Vaginal Fistula In The Lives Of Women In Southeastern Nigeria, Chioma Esther Amutaigwe
The Effects Of Vesico-Vaginal Fistula In The Lives Of Women In Southeastern Nigeria, Chioma Esther Amutaigwe
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) is a maternal health problem faced by women in developing countries. VVF is one of the most devastating consequences of prolonged obstructed labor and is still prevalent in resource-poor countries like Nigeria where fertility is high, the status of women is low, and obstetric services are often inadequate. The objective of this study was to enrich our understanding of the effects of VVF as it relates to women’s experiences in southeastern Nigeria. I adopted the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping in this study; this theory posits that people, when contending with any kind of stressors, are …
Relationship Between Food Insecurity, Depression, And Race/Ethnicity Among U.S. Adults Aged 60–69 Years, Patrick E. Crandon
Relationship Between Food Insecurity, Depression, And Race/Ethnicity Among U.S. Adults Aged 60–69 Years, Patrick E. Crandon
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Abstract Food insecurity (FI) and depression among older populations in the United States are public health concerns. Although FI has declined in the United States, it is a psychosocial stressor prevalent among the growing population of adults over 60. It is unknown to what extent FI contributes to depression among racial/ethnic minorities in this population. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to examine the relationships between FI and race and depression among U.S. adults aged 60–69 years when adjusting for other variables. The social-ecological model was used to understand the interplay between individual and environmental factors that may …
Influences On Influenza Vaccine Uptake Among Older Lebanese Adults, Doha D'Agostini
Influences On Influenza Vaccine Uptake Among Older Lebanese Adults, Doha D'Agostini
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Influenza is a viral infection that is globally transmitted and that increases the risk for infectious diseases, hospitalization, and morbidity and mortality, especially among the older adult population. Although influenza vaccines are recommended in several countries, influenza vaccine hesitancy remains a challenge. In Lebanon, there is minimal research related to older adults’ attitudes and perceptions associated with influenza vaccination. To explore older Lebanese adults’ vaccination experiences and perceptions of the factors that affect their influenza vaccine uptake, a qualitative investigation was conducted. The theory of planned behaviors served as the theoretical framework for the study. A thematic analysis was conducted …
Tuberculosis-Associated Knowledge, Stigma, And Health Seeking Behavior Among Traders In Onitsha Main Market, Anambra State, Nigeria, Benedeth N. Ezeosim
Tuberculosis-Associated Knowledge, Stigma, And Health Seeking Behavior Among Traders In Onitsha Main Market, Anambra State, Nigeria, Benedeth N. Ezeosim
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The utilization of tuberculosis (TB) health care services in a Nigerian state has not been optimal. Many residents do not utilize available health care resources when they experience symptoms of TB. Although much is known about the determinants of health seeking behavior (HSB), there is a gap on how TB knowledge and TB related stigma among traders in one main market contribute to HSB. This study examined the effect of TB knowledge and TB related stigma on HSB among traders. The health stigma and discrimination and health belif models served as the theoretical foundation. A quantitative cross-sectional analytical survey design …
Occupational Risk Perceptions Among Foreign-Born Construction Workers In Central Florida, Matthew Edison Law
Occupational Risk Perceptions Among Foreign-Born Construction Workers In Central Florida, Matthew Edison Law
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Hispanic and Latino foreign-born construction workers in the United States experience higher rates of serious injuries and fatalities in the workplace than their native-born peers. Previous research has pointed to specific vulnerabilities among this population, including birthplace, age of the worker, language barriers, and education level, but little to no research has examined addressable risk factors, such as occupational risk perceptions, among this population. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine the relationship between birthplace, number of years working in the United States, and occupational risk perceptions while controlling for age of the worker, language barriers, and education …
The Experiences Of Women In The Healthcare Profession With Alcohol Use During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Amber Olsen
The Experiences Of Women In The Healthcare Profession With Alcohol Use During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Amber Olsen
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Women have severe health risks associated with drinking alcohol long-term and excessively. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the lived experience of women in healthcare positions regarding alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was informed by the theory of planned behavior. Semistructured interviews were used to gather information from participants based on their firsthand experiences with alcohol usage. Understanding women’s attitudes toward alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic can improve intervention. Data were analyzed using an inductive, thematic procedure. Participants associated their own use of alcohol with socialization, and all participants reported that they regarded …
Factors Impacting College Students’ Receipt Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination, Joy Yvette Payne
Factors Impacting College Students’ Receipt Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination, Joy Yvette Payne
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Less than half of U. S. students entering college have had a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, placing them at risk for HPV-related cancers. This study’s purpose was to identify predictors of HPV vaccination initiation in college students. Andersen’s behavioral model of health services use was used to examine the differences in predisposing, enabling, and need factors in U.S. college students ages 18–26 years who received an initial HPV vaccination in college compared to those who never received an HPV vaccination. The study was a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design using multivariable logistic regression for data analyses. Data were collected through an …