Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Education To Increase Nurse Knowledge And Compliance With Social Determinants Of Health Screening, Bonnie Rieger

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

To provide holistic care and ensure positive patient health outcomes, the social determinants of health (SDOH) must be addressed. Research demonstrates that while medical care is a contributor to wellness, the SDOH serve an influential role in patient health outcomes. There is limited literature describing how to best educate practicing nurses about SDOH concepts. The purpose of this DNP project was to provide an educational intervention to increase inpatient staff nursing knowledge of the SDOH. Sources of evidence used to create the education module included scholarly literature describing the SDOH concepts and their application to patient, community, and population health. …

Clinical Research Principal Investigators’ Perspectives Of Improving The Diversity Of Clinical Research Participants, Nadine Hyacinth Spring

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Clinical trials are needed to make new medications, devices, and diagnostic tools available. Participants in these clinical trials have historically come from a homogeneous group, and there is a recognized need for increased diversity and representation in these clinical research studies. The absence of diversity in clinical trials makes it difficult for clinicians and researchers to know which medications and devices are safe and effective for specific populations. This basic qualitative phenomenological study was conducted to explore the experiences of clinical research principal investigators regarding diversity in clinical research studies and how to improve it. The theoretical framework for this …

Role Of Racially Concordant Patient-Physician Relationships In Health Outcomes Among African American Women, Joy Thomas

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract There are gaps in the literature regarding how patient-physician racially concordant relationships affect African American women’s health. This quantitative study evaluated the effects of non-minority physician influence on the perceptions of medical mistrust, racial discrimination, and healthcare-specific racial discrimination on African American women. The behavioral model for vulnerable populations guided the study. Two research questions involved understanding the relationship between trust in the physician scale and medical mistrust and the association between racial discrimination and perceived healthcare-specific racial discrimination among African American women living in a Southern U.S. state. A stratified random sampling strategy was used to obtain a …

The Role Of Family Support In The Relationship Between Childhood Obesity And The Number Of Days Bullied In Trinidad, Sharon Antoine-Mills

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is limited data on childhood obesity and the number of days bullied in Trinidad and Tobago. This study examined the association between childhood obesity and the number of days an obese child has been bullied in Trinidad in the past 30 days, with family support as a moderator. The theoretical framework for this study was Bronfenbrenner’s social-ecological model, which posits that a child’s microsystems are instrumental in influencing their behaviors. A self-administered low-cost 2017 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) was used for this cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 2,229 school adolescents 13 to 17 years of age. Childhood …

Knowledge Of Pregnancy And Postpartum Complications Up To One Year Postpartum Compared By Rurality, Evelyn Frances Fagan, Alisha Riggins, Ariel A. Alston, Mario Keko, Ana M. Palacios, Helen Bland, Joanne Chopak-Foss

Georgia Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Conference

Introduction: Georgia has one of the highest maternal mortality rate in the U.S. at 46.2 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, disproportionately affecting Black and rural populations. This study sought to 1) assess knowledge of Georgian adults about complications and urgent warning signs both during pregnancy and up to 1-year postpartum, and 2) characterize knowledge within rural and urban population.

Methods: As part of a larger study, an online survey with previously validated questions was distributed to Georgia residents through social media and email. Data was grouped into 2 different categories: 1) pregnancy warning signs and 2) post-partum warning signs. …

Effect Of Relaxation Intervention On Stress Levels And Cognitive Skills In Professional Students, Sandhra Sabu, Ravikiran Kisan, . Swapnali

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: Medical Professional training is likely to encounter a variety of hassles and stress in relation to the developmental tasks associated with transition from school life to professional college life. The vast syllabus, peer competition for academic performance, continuous evaluation, and long duration of the training makes medical education stressful. Many students feel a need to relieve stress and it is a necessity to equip students with proven techniques to reduce stress and cope up with the situation. Proper cognitive functioning has been found to be an important factor for academic performance.

Methods: The present study is a cross …

Safety Baby Shower Intervention Improves Safe Sleep Knowledge And Self-Efficacy Among Expectant Teens, Mary E Aitken, Leanne Whiteside-Mansell, Samantha H Mullins, Shasha Bai, Beverly K Miller

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Young, minority women are less likely to follow recommendations to prevent infant sleep-related deaths putting their children at risk. This study extended the past pre/post study designs to an RCT design and included both parent report and objective observation of the sleep environment.

OBJECTIVE: This study focused on this population in a quantitative, randomized controlled trial using a low-cost, brief educational intervention, a Safety Baby Shower (SBS).

METHODS: Pregnant teens aged 13-19 (N = 147) were recruited as a dyad with a senior female caregiver and randomized to intervention or control groups.

RESULTS: Comparing self-report, safe sleep knowledge, attitudes, …

Feasibility Of Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging During Intra-Procedural Mri-Guided Brachytherapy Of Locally Advanced Cervical And Vaginal Cancers, Megan C Jacobsen, Bastien Rigaud, Samantha J Simiele, Gaiane M Rauch, Matthew S Ning, Sastry Vedam, Ann H Klopp, R Jason Stafford, Kristy K Brock, Aradhana M Venkatesan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: To determine the feasibility of quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) acquisition during magnetic resonance imaging-guided brachytherapy (MRgBT) using reduced field-of-view (rFOV) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Methods and materials: T2-weighted (T2w) MR and full-FOV single-shot echo planar (ssEPI) DWI were acquired in 7 patients with cervical or vaginal malignancy at baseline and prior to brachytherapy, while rFOV-DWI was acquired during MRgBT following brachytherapy applicator placement. The gross target volume (GTV) was contoured on the T2w images and registered to the ADC map. Voxels at the GTV's maximum Maurer distance comprised a central sub-volume (GTVcenter). Contour ADC mean and standard deviation were …

Population-Based Linked Longitudinal Surveillance Of Pregnant People And Their Infants: A Critical Resource For Emerging, Re-Emerging, And Persistent Threats, Van T Tong, Kate R Woodworth, Erin Blau, Neha Shinde, Amanda Akosa, Suzanne M Gilboa, Dana Meaney-Delman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Public health emergencies, from Zika to COVID-19, have underscored the importance of addressing the needs of pregnant people and their infants. Recent events have underlined the critical role of mother-infant-linked longitudinal surveillance to characterize and assess the impacts of emerging, re-emerging, and persistent threats, including infectious diseases, on these populations. In partnership with state, local, and territorial health departments, CDC's National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities activated the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network (SET-NET) to capture information about pregnant people with laboratory-confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) and their infants. SET-NET …

‘A Healthy Mtu’ A Mixed Methods Baseline Programme Of Research To Empirically Inform A Campus Health Promotion Initiative Within An Irish Higher Education Setting, Andrea Bickerdike

Theses

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have been called to lead global health promotion actions, yet there remains a dearth of empirically informed ‘Healthy University’ (HU) initiatives. This thesis constituted a baseline mixed methods needs assessment to inform a settings-based health promotion (HP) initiative (‘A Healthy MTU’) within a multi-campus ‘case’ HEI in Ireland (Cork campuses of MTU, formerly CIT). Specific aims were to (i) investigate student and staff health metrics, and (ii) identify the cultural and environmental determinants of health and wellbeing within the case HEI setting. Using a phased, mixed methodology (QUAN-QUAL), five sequential empirical studies were undertaken. Quantitative data …

Landscaping Wellness At Work: A Participatory Model For Worker-Centered Health, Anya Helena Piotrowski

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study contributes to a body of scholarship that demonstrates the benefits and need of employee-driven and defined wellness at work processes. This participatory action research study brought together a team of employees within a remote-work, start-up organization to define and design a process for implementing wellness at work for their organization. Through a participatory process that allowed outcomes to emerge from the group, employees identified opportunities to foster embodied wellness in their organization in three core areas: organizational, personal, and cross-boundary initiatives. Through a reflective collaboration, employees generated ideas and developed a plan to address employee-identified priorities that will …

Statistical Methods For Gwas And The Impact Of Diabetic Medication Adherence On Healthcare Costs, Meida Wang

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

This dissertation includes three Chapters. In Chapter One, we develop a computationally efficient clustering linear combination approach to jointly analyze multiple phenotypes for GWAS. In this paper, based on the existing CLC method and ACAT strategy, we develop the ceCLC method to test association between multiple phenotypes and a genetic variant. In Chapter Two, we develop a novel method called sCLC for association studies of multiple phenotypes and a genetic variant based on GWAS summary statistics. Simulation results show that sCLC can control Type I error rates well and has the highest power in most scenarios. In Chapter Three, we …

Testing Campaign Slogans Designed To Motivate Older People To Be More Physically Active, Simone Pettigrew, Michelle I. Jongenelis, Liyuwork M. Dana, Rajni Rai, Ben Jackson, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives and importance of study: Being physically active is critical for healthy ageing, yet many older people do not meet physical activity guidelines. The aim of this study was to test the relative effectiveness of five previously identified campaign slogans designed to encourage older people to be more physically active: ‘Be active 30–60 minutes a day to stay fit and well’; ‘Move more, live longer’; ‘Stay fit to stay functional’; ‘This is your time – enjoy being strong and active’; and ‘Use it or lose it’. Study type: Online experiment Methods: A total of 1200 Australians aged 50 years and …

A Novel Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy: Preservice Teachers' Perceptions Of A Sun Safety Intervention And Experiences In Schools, Joseph J. Scott, Robyn S. Johnston, Jill Darby, Sally Blane, Mark Strickland, Bronwen M. Mcnoe

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Issue addressed:

Teachers play a vital role in developing children's sun protection routines however upskilling preservice teachers (PSTs) while at university has not yet been trialled as a targeted skin cancer prevention strategy. Hence, this study investigated PSTs perceptions and experiences of sun safety following a brief pilot intervention and placement in primary schools in Western Australia.

Methods:

This study used a triangulation mixed methods design. Participants (n = 161) completed a post intervention survey which was analysed quantitatively. A random sub-sample was invited to participate in focus groups (three groups, n = 21) and one-on-one interviews (n = 4). …

Physical Activity Promotion, Assessment, And Engagement In Clinical Settings In The United States, Kristin A. Grogg

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Physical inactivity is an important contributor to morbidity and all-cause mortality and the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee recommended that physicians increase their role in physical activity assessment and promotion to combat physical inactivity and related comorbidities. Healthcare providers are increasingly called upon to initiate physical activity promotion with their patients to manage conditions like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Still, recent reports indicate that less than half of primary care visits include some type of physical activity promotion. Although the National Physical Activity Plan includes some recommendations for clinicians and the healthcare sector on physical activity promotion, it …

Impact Of The Washington State Covid-19 Lockdown On 5-10-Year-Ol School-Aged Children Residing In Kitties County, Peyton Rondeau

All Master's Theses

Background: The Washington State COVID-19 lockdown and subsequent school closures brought increased dependency on parents to provide nutritious meals and opportunities for physical activity for their children.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the impacts of the Washington State COVID-19 lockdown on the dietary, physical activity, and screen time habits of children ages 5-10-years-old residing in Kittitas County.

Methods: A researcher-developed Qualtrics survey was created and validated via the Index of Item Objective Congruence. The survey was administered to parents via Facebook, using local Kittitas County Facebook groups.

Results: Most parents identified that the Washington lockdown negatively …

The Facilitators And Barriers To Exercise In The Noongar Aboriginal Population In Perth, Australia, Tuguy Esgin, Deborah Hersh, Kevin Rowley, Rona Macniven, Alan Crouch, Mark Halaki, Robert Newton

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Indigenous Standpoint Theory forms the epistemological foundation for this study and methodological choices were made within this theoretical framework to ensure culturally responsive research processes that engaged the Indigenous agenda of self-determination and rights. The objectives of this research were to determine: (i) Indigenous perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to exercise; (ii) The potential feasibility and sustainability of an exercise intervention. In this context, Participatory Action Research methods were used to design the data-gathering instrument for the study—a questionnaire, co-designed with the Noongar Aboriginal community of Perth, Western Australia. This self-administered questionnaire, distributed to participants by email, post and …

Sheprep: Examining The Influence Of The Messaging And The Messenger Associated With Prep Uptake Among African American Women, Christian C. Spears

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

African American Women (AAW) make up less than 15% of the female population in the United States but account for over 50% of new HIV diagnoses among females. This largely preventable health disparity can be mitigated by advocating and prescribing Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), a preventive HIV medication, to persons at risk. Despite advances in medication options, there are less than 13% of Black people who could benefit from having been prescribed PrEP, and limited research and promotion on the effectiveness of PrEP for AAW. The “ShePrEP Study” aimed to assess awareness, perceptions, and receptivity toward PrEP among AAW. This study …

Still, We Thrive: Understanding How Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, And Other Men Who Have Sex With Men (Gbtmsm) Experience Structural Barriers & Facilitators To Wellness, Lucas Gergyek

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Historically and concurrently, structural violence has been a significant force influencing the sexual health and broader health of gay, bisexual, transgender and other men who have sex with men (GBTMSM). Yet to date, the majority of projects exploring the health inequities facing GBTMSM have focused on intrapsychic and behavioural factors as most related to poor health outcomes. As well, these studies are sometimes deficits focused, and fail to evaluate how GBTMSM continue to thrive, and maintain positive health. As a result, the ways in which systems and policies underlie and perpetuate health inequities facing GBTMSM have been somewhat obscured. Connectedly, …

Twitter Sentiment Analysis: Applications In Healthcare And Finance, Jiali Wang

Dissertations

This research explores the influence of Twitter sentiment on healthcare and finance industries. It assesses how Twitter sentiment and culture measure influence COVID-19 statistics, and it investigates the impact of Twitter sentiment on S&P 1500 stock mispricing. Furthermore, it examines how tweet sentiment predicts major industry returns.

The first part examines how Hofstede’s Culture Dimensions (HCD) and Twitter economic uncertainty index (TEU) relate to COVID-19 infection rate and death rate. The results show certain aspects in HCD, such as power distance index (PDI) and masculinity (MAS) both are negatively and significantly associated with the infection rate, while indulgence (IVR) and …

Rapid Weight Loss (Rwl) Method On Game Performance Of Martial Art Athletes, Imam Hariadi, Nurrul Riyad Fadhli, Taufik Taufik, Dona Sandy Yudasmara, Eldiene Zaura I㢂¬„¢Tamada, Rida Hanania

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Martial athletes use the rapid weight loss (RWL) method as a strategy to lose weight quickly before competing. This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of the magnitude of the impact of the RWL method used as a way to lose weight by running using a sauna suit on the physical, physiological, psychological, and performance conditions of martial athletes. The population in this study were martial arts athletes throughout Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive method by collecting data through a questionnaire instrument on google Forms which is distributed to martial athletes, especially in the fighting class. The results …

The Effect Of Diabetes Exercise On The Quality Of Life Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Nur Rachmawati Maulida, Jongky Hendro Prajitno, Nuniek Nugraheny Sulistiawaty

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Physical inactivity and obesity are some of the main risk factors for diabetes mellitus (DM). The presence of DM might result in impaired quality of life (QoL). Our study aimed to firstly determine the association between diabetes exercise status and the QoL in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and secondly to explore other factors associated with QoL among T2DM patients. This was an observational study with cross-sectional design of T2DM patients in dr. Trimurti primary health care (PHC) from January - December 2019. The subjects were recruited consecutively then categorized into treatment group (who performed diabetes exercise …

Perbedaan Edukasi Pemberian Makan Balita Dengan Metode Emotional Demonstration Dan Metode Ceramah Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Ibu Balita Di Rt 06 Rw 08 Kelurahan Keputih Kota Surabaya, Anugrah Linda Mutiarani, Pratiwi Hariyani Putri, Kartika Yuliani

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Undernutrition under five years old has a variety of health risks. In Surabaya, the SSGI 2021 report that underweight cases were 16,6 percent. One of the causes of nutritional problems for toddlers is the behavior of mothers in feeding toddlers which will affect the growth and development of toddlers. The right educational method is needed to change behavior, namely Emotional Demonstration (Emo Demo). This study aimed to analyze the differences in emo demo education and lectures on the knowledge and attitudes of mothers in feeding toddlers. The design for this research is quasi-experimental with a Pre-Postest Control Group. The total …

Perceived Covid-19 Threat, Perceived Healthcare System Inequities, Personal Experiences Of Healthcare Discrimination And Their Associations With Covid-19 Preventive Behavioral Intentions Among College Students In The Us, Juliana S. Sherchan, Jessica R. Fernandez, Shan Qiao, Arie W. Kruglanski, Allana T. Forde

Faculty Publications

College students are often reluctant to follow U.S. preventive guidelines to lower their risk of COVID-19 infection, despite an increased risk of transmission in college settings. Prior research suggested that college students who perceived greater COVID-19 severity and susceptibility (i.e., COVID-19 threat) were more likely to engage in COVID-19 preventive behaviors, yet there is limited research examining whether perceived COVID-19 threat, perceived U.S. healthcare system inequities, and personal experiences of healthcare discrimination collectively influence college students’ COVID-19 preventive behaviors. This study identified latent classes of perceived COVID-19 threat, perceived U.S. healthcare system inequities, and personal experiences of healthcare discrimination, examined …

Film Dan Focus Group Discussion: Strategi Promosi Kesehatan Untuk Menurunkan Stigma Masyarakat Terhadap Orang Dengan Hiv/Aids, Paramytha Magdalena Sukarno Putri, Zahroh Shaluhiyah, Antono Suryoputro

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

People Living with HIV/AIDS in Demak, Indonesia were still facing social stigma. This research aims to analyze the influence of film and focus group discussions on stigma. A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pre-test and post-test design was applied. This research was conducted in two villages, Ngemplik Wetan as the intervention group and Tembok as the control group. The film with focus group discussion was given four times for one month, only to the intervention group. To measure stigma, the Wilcoxon test was used to compare between pre-test and post-test in a group meanwhile the Mann-Whitney test was …

Faktor-Faktor Penentu Dalam Pemilihan Kosmetik Aman Non Merkuri, Dyah Suryani, Dewi Apriani

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Cosmetics now continue to be a priority for one's life. Therefore, the cosmetics used must be safely free from harmful ingredients. Mercury is one of the chemicals found in many cosmetic products but its presence is actually dangerous. The selection of safe cosmetics by students is also based on many factors both personal factors such as knowledge and attitudes and social such as from friends and social media. The purpose of this study is to find out the determinants of non-mercury comestic selection. This study is a study that uses observational analytics with a cross sectional research design. The study …

Pengaruh Edukasi Praktik Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Anak Di Masa Pandemi, Evy Tri Pratiwi, Devi Safira Damayanti, Galuh Sekar Anggraeni, Melinia Dwi Tanti, Tatut Isna Winanda, Vidia Nuria Rahman, Ayik Mirayanti Mandagi, Septa Indra Puspikawati

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

Suspected Anaphylactic Reaction Following Second Dose Of The Pfizer-Biontech (Bnt162b2) Coronavirus Vaccine In A Geriatric Female, Angelina Hong, Giezy Sardinas

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Anaphylaxis is a rare but serious adverse reaction that can occur following mRNA-based vaccination against coronavirus (COVID-19). This is a case of a geriatric patient presenting with hypotension and an urticarial rash with bullous lesions following a syncopal episode with incontinence. She received the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) COVID-19 vaccine three days prior, and first developed the skin abnormalities the morning after receiving the vaccine. She had no past history of anaphylaxis or allergies to vaccinations.

Her presentation met the diagnostic criteria for anaphylaxis, according to the World Allergy Organization: she had acute onset illness involving the skin …

Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stroke Pada Penduduk Usia >15 Tahun Di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (Analisis Riskesdas 2018), Vika Azzahra, Sudarto Ronoatmodjo

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013, prevalensi stroke pada penduduk usia >15 tahun di Indonesia sebesar 7 permil dan mengalami kenaikan dari tahun 2007 yang sebesar 6 permil. Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) menjadi provinsi dengan prevalensi stroke tertinggi kedua di Indonesia dan prevalensinya melebihi angka nasional yakni sebesar 10,3 permil pada tahun 2013. Tujuan studi ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stroke pada penduduk usia >15 tahun di Provinsi DIY. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan menganalisis data Riskesdas 2018 Provinsi DIY sebanyak 6695 responden. Chi square dan regresi logistik ganda digunakan sebagai uji statistik pada penelitian …

Tinjauan Literatur : Stunting Saat Balita Sebagai Salah Satu Faktor Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular Di Masa Depan, Henny Kurniati, Ratna Djuwita, Maulidya Istiqfani

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Seseorang yang mengalami stunting saat balita cenderung memiliki tubuh yang lebih pendek dan memiliki risiko efek jangka panjang, yaitu menderita penyakit kronis yang berkaitan dengan gizi, rentan terhadap penumpukkan lemak tubuh, serta berisiko menderita diabetes melitus karena resistensi insulin dan beberapa penyakit tidak menular seperti hipertensi dan stroke. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menelaah secara ilmiah efek stunting yang terjadi pada seseorang saat balita terhadap penyakit tidak menular saat dewasa. Penelitian ini merupakan literature review dengan metode PICO (population, intervention, comparators and outcome). Database elektronik yang digunakan adalah Embase, Proquest dan lib.ui didapatkan sebanyak lima artikel dan …