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Public Health Education and Promotion

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Articles 1981 - 2010 of 7978

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Risk Factors Associated With The Development Of Type Ii Diabetes-Related Complications, Jessica Danielle Lucas Williams Jan 2023

Risk Factors Associated With The Development Of Type Ii Diabetes-Related Complications, Jessica Danielle Lucas Williams

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

By 2040, it is estimated that 642 million people ages 20 to 79 will have Type II diabetes, thereby making it a heavily studied topic among scholars. As more people are diagnosed with Type II diabetes each year, the literature is slowly shifting to long-term complications. However, the many risk and protective factors that exist have created gaps in the literature. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between participation in diabetes self-management classes, mental health, physical health, BMI, smoking status, exercise, and possible diabetes complications (diabetes-related retinopathy and diabetes-related kidney disease). The gap in the literature …

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Moderators Of Peripheral Neuropathy On Overall And Cardiovascular Mortality In People Without Diabetes, Adeoye Muideen Adenekan Jan 2023

Moderators Of Peripheral Neuropathy On Overall And Cardiovascular Mortality In People Without Diabetes, Adeoye Muideen Adenekan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Peripheral neuropathy (PN), a group of common heterogeneous disorders with varied etiologies, is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. PN presents both as a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to physicians and other healthcare providers. Socioeconomic moderators of PN in adults without diabetes in the United States have not been well studied. The consequences of PN can be devastating and include foot ulcers, amputations, a general decline in the quality of life, and death. The overall prevalence of PN in the United States is 13.5% in adults with diabetes and 11.6% in adults without diabetes. Clearly, these statistics indicate a public …

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A Comparison By Ethnicity Of Usage Of Medication, Intubation Use, And Mortality Rates Of Covid-19 Patients In An Urban Hospital, Howard Rubin Baruch Jan 2023

A Comparison By Ethnicity Of Usage Of Medication, Intubation Use, And Mortality Rates Of Covid-19 Patients In An Urban Hospital, Howard Rubin Baruch

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Evidence from an urban hospital initially revealed that ethnicity had no bearing on treatment modalities or mortality among patients admitted and diagnosed with COVID-19 symptoms from January 1, 2020 to January 1, 2021. The purpose of this study was focused on answering three principal research questions concerning evidence at one hospital of differences in medication used, whether intubation was used, and mortality by ethnicity for those treated for COVID-19 while controlling for age, gender, and co-morbidities. The health belief model served as the theoretical framework. Data was collected from 1188 patient charts, and binary logistic regression was used to test …

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Personal Hardiness As An Unexamined Component Of The Healthy Volunteer Effect, Angelique E. Blann Jan 2023

Personal Hardiness As An Unexamined Component Of The Healthy Volunteer Effect, Angelique E. Blann

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Clinical trials are the standard for approving medicines for public use. To conduct trials, researchers depend on a declining number of volunteers. The healthy volunteer effect, a phenomenon in which participants demonstrate better outcomes than their peers, limits the generalizability of trial outcomes. The healthy volunteer effect does not fully explain the outcome difference between volunteers and nonvolunteers. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to examine personal hardiness as an unexplored component of the healthy volunteer effect and determine whether personal hardiness is associated with willingness to participate. Hardiness was a personality construct that represented resilience to stress. …

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Neighborhood Factors, Cardiovascular Illness, Mental Health, And Aging In The United States, Brenda Billings Jan 2023

Neighborhood Factors, Cardiovascular Illness, Mental Health, And Aging In The United States, Brenda Billings

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The inability to age in place among people 65 years old and older is a public health problem in the United States. However, it is unknown what neighborhood factors (i.e., trust, safety, shared values) impact the communities that are struggling to support individuals looking to stay in their homes as they age. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between neighborhood factors (i.e., trust, safety, and shared values), cardiovascular illness (i.e., heart attack and stroke), mental health (i.e., depression), and aging in place, controlling for sex, age, marital status, educational level, employment status, and race. …

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Association Between Covid-19 Health Knowledge, Self-Efficacy And Preventive Behaviors Among Nursing Students, Josephine Miane Britanico Jan 2023

Association Between Covid-19 Health Knowledge, Self-Efficacy And Preventive Behaviors Among Nursing Students, Josephine Miane Britanico

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract Nursing students possess valuable public health knowledge to prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection. They can provide health education to the public with reliable information and adequate resources. To better understand the role nursing students can take in prevention efforts, the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the association between COVID-19 health knowledge, self-efficacy, and preventive behavior among undergraduate nursing students. The health belief model was the theoretical framework that guided this study. The primary research questions assessed (a) if there was a statistically significant association between COVID-19 health knowledge and preventive behavior among nursing students, …

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Exploration Of Nurses' Knowledge About Healthcare For Transgender Patients, Elizabeth Kempt Jan 2023

Exploration Of Nurses' Knowledge About Healthcare For Transgender Patients, Elizabeth Kempt

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe transgender population is growing, and along with the population growth, the healthcare needs for gender transitioning of both medical and surgical procedures. Registered nurses (RNs) who care for hospitalized transgender patients are required to be knowledgeable about their care, yet little is known about what nurses know about the healthcare of the transgender patient. The purpose of this basic qualitative study, guided by Benner’s novice to expert theory, was to explore the knowledge and perceptions of RNs regarding healthcare of transgender persons undergoing transition to the opposite gender. Social media and snowball sampling were used to recruit 10 RNs …

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Academic Performance And E-Cigarette Use Among Teenagers, Jeremy Tan Rondael Jan 2023

Academic Performance And E-Cigarette Use Among Teenagers, Jeremy Tan Rondael

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Early e-cigarette use by youth has the capacity to create an early addiction to nicotine, increasing the risk of life-long dependency and the possible development of multiple cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Reinforced by the socioecological model, the purpose of this study was to determine if academic performance is associated with e-cigarette use among teenagers and young people and if the presence of adverse childhood events (e.g., cyberbullying in school and/or the presence of homelessness) mediated this association. This study included all respondents (N = 1,401) from the state of Nevada who answered the 2019 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Binary …

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Sexual Violence And University Campus Response To Sexual Violence, Jennifer Bivins Jan 2023

Sexual Violence And University Campus Response To Sexual Violence, Jennifer Bivins

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

While anyone can be a victim of sexual violence, college-aged females between the ages of 18 and 21 are more likely to be victimized than any other group. Sexual violence continues to be a barrier to education, and colleges/universities make it challenging for students to report on campus. The purpose of this study is to explore the factors, intervention/prevention strategies, and policies/procedures used to address sexual violence on a university campus. The framework used was the ecological model, which focuses on factors and influences within the environment that affected individual behavior. The research questions focused on participants describing their experiences …

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Personal Hardiness As An Unexamined Component Of The Healthy Volunteer Effect, Angelique E. Blann Jan 2023

Personal Hardiness As An Unexamined Component Of The Healthy Volunteer Effect, Angelique E. Blann

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Clinical trials are the standard for approving medicines for public use. To conduct trials, researchers depend on a declining number of volunteers. The healthy volunteer effect, a phenomenon in which participants demonstrate better outcomes than their peers, limits the generalizability of trial outcomes. The healthy volunteer effect does not fully explain the outcome difference between volunteers and nonvolunteers. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to examine personal hardiness as an unexplored component of the healthy volunteer effect and determine whether personal hardiness is associated with willingness to participate. Hardiness was a personality construct that represented resilience to stress. …

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Environmental Factors And Breast Cancer Mortality, Joel Collazo Rodriguez Jan 2023

Environmental Factors And Breast Cancer Mortality, Joel Collazo Rodriguez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Breast cancer is a public health problem in the United States that impacts diverse ethnic female groups in different ways regarding incidence and mortality. Much is known about the factors increasing the risk of developing breast cancer, but little is known about those that increase the chances of dying from it, other than access to health care, screening, and appropriate treatment. This study aimed to understand the association between exposure to Environmental Protection Agency-regulated air pollutants and breast cancer mortality, including how the interaction between these air contaminants impacts the outcome of interest, considering median income, education level, and percentage …

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Health Education Practices For Middle Eastern Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Walaa Daffaalla Jan 2023

Health Education Practices For Middle Eastern Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Walaa Daffaalla

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex women’s health condition that reduces women’s quality of life, leading to health complications, such as menstruation issues, infertility, insulin resistance, risk of type 2 diabetes, depression, anxiety, emotional stress, being overweight or obese, and more. Research on PCOS has focused on the etiology and complications in women from different ethnicities. But limited research has explored the experiences and perspectives of Middle Eastern (ME) women in the United States with PCOS related to PCOS health education. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the perspectives and experiences of ME women of reproductive …

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The Effect Of Community Health Linkages On Suicide Rates In Veterans, Erica Anderson Jan 2023

The Effect Of Community Health Linkages On Suicide Rates In Veterans, Erica Anderson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Suicide risk is a public health issue. It is a complex and poorly understood mental health and societal threat. This study examined veteran suicide rates and their relationship to family and social support, as measured by the social association rate, mental health funding per capita, and the lethality of the method rate. The interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide and the social-ecological model are the theoretical frameworks that guided the study. Both theories emphasize the complexity surrounding suicide at the state level as it is related to the individual, social, environmental, and political landscape related to veteran suicide. The quantitative bivariate correlation …

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The Relationship Between Socioeconomic Factors And Obesity In Adults (25-54 Years) In Guam In 2020, Perinne O'Brien Jan 2023

The Relationship Between Socioeconomic Factors And Obesity In Adults (25-54 Years) In Guam In 2020, Perinne O'Brien

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In Guam, a United States Pacific Island territory, the rate of obesity in adults continues to rise. Relationships between obesity and six socioeconomic factors (health care coverage, education level, employment status, home ownership, household income, and marital status) in adults 25 to 54 years of age living in Guam in 2020 were explored. Because obesity may be affected at multiple levels of influence, the socioecological model grounded this research. Secondary data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System was used to carry out a quantitative, cross-sectional study. Complex samples binary logistic regression analyses were …

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Providing Health Care To Patients With Intellectual And Developmental Disability During Covid-19, Pauline Andrea Park-Maxwell Jan 2023

Providing Health Care To Patients With Intellectual And Developmental Disability During Covid-19, Pauline Andrea Park-Maxwell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThis project sought to enhance the care offered in a local clinic to individuals with an intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals with IDD are faced with the challenges of coping with some social conditions. Mainly waiting for extended periods in a doctor’s office can be challenging. To reduce this population’s waiting time, a staff education program was developed to address this concern. Currently, this local clinic did not have a prescreening exercise that would meet the needs of this population. This DNP project aimed to develop a staff education program for staff in a primary …

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Directors’ Perceptions Of Supplementing Clinical Requirements With Simulation-Based Education In Paramedic Education, Kimberly Whitten-Chung Jan 2023

Directors’ Perceptions Of Supplementing Clinical Requirements With Simulation-Based Education In Paramedic Education, Kimberly Whitten-Chung

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem for this study was limited clinical site access for paramedic students causing delays in completion and exacerbating critical staffing shortages in healthcare. The purpose of the study was to explore perceptions of paramedic program directors (PD) in Colorado regarding use of simulation-based education (SBE) to supplement program-determined clinical requirements. Kolb’s experiential learning theory was the conceptual framework that guided this study. Research questions focused on Colorado paramedic PDs’ perceptions about advantages, disadvantages, and barriers involved with replacing program-determined clinical education with SBE. A basic qualitative design was used to capture insights of 6 Colorado paramedic PDs through semistructured …

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Clinical Research Principal Investigators’ Perspectives Of Improving The Diversity Of Clinical Research Participants, Nadine Hyacinth Spring Jan 2023

Clinical Research Principal Investigators’ Perspectives Of Improving The Diversity Of Clinical Research Participants, Nadine Hyacinth Spring

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Clinical trials are needed to make new medications, devices, and diagnostic tools available. Participants in these clinical trials have historically come from a homogeneous group, and there is a recognized need for increased diversity and representation in these clinical research studies. The absence of diversity in clinical trials makes it difficult for clinicians and researchers to know which medications and devices are safe and effective for specific populations. This basic qualitative phenomenological study was conducted to explore the experiences of clinical research principal investigators regarding diversity in clinical research studies and how to improve it. The theoretical framework for this …

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Association Between Childhood Obesity And Cerebral Palsy, Down Syndrome And Epilepsy Or Seizure Disorder, Stephanie Swanson Jan 2023

Association Between Childhood Obesity And Cerebral Palsy, Down Syndrome And Epilepsy Or Seizure Disorder, Stephanie Swanson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The purpose of this quantitative correlation study was to examine the association between childhood obesity (dependent variable) and cerebral palsy, Down Syndrome, and epilepsy and seizure disorders (independent variables), while controlling for the child’s age, race, and sex among United States children ages 0-17, as well as the guardian’s education and income levels. There are many studies related to childhood obesity; however, few focus on the independent variables in the current study in relation to overweight children. The Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) was used to understand and interpret the research findings. Secondary analysis of data was conducted using the National …

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Perinatal Nursing Education Related To Opioid Use Disorder, Britney Taniguchi Jan 2023

Perinatal Nursing Education Related To Opioid Use Disorder, Britney Taniguchi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Opioid use disorder (OUD) contributes to severe perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in the United States, leading to alarming complications for pregnant women, mothers, and newborns. Complications the mother experiences with OUD include increased mortality, overdose, infections, endocarditis, narcotic bowel syndrome, and accident-related injury. Complications the newborn can suffer include neonatal abstinence syndrome, respiratory depression, microcephaly, and sudden infant death syndrome. Framed within the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation model of instructional design, this project aimed to plan, implement, and evaluate a staff education program on opioid use disorder. The staff education program was presented to 13 perinatal …

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Role Of Racially Concordant Patient-Physician Relationships In Health Outcomes Among African American Women, Joy Thomas Jan 2023

Role Of Racially Concordant Patient-Physician Relationships In Health Outcomes Among African American Women, Joy Thomas

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract There are gaps in the literature regarding how patient-physician racially concordant relationships affect African American women’s health. This quantitative study evaluated the effects of non-minority physician influence on the perceptions of medical mistrust, racial discrimination, and healthcare-specific racial discrimination on African American women. The behavioral model for vulnerable populations guided the study. Two research questions involved understanding the relationship between trust in the physician scale and medical mistrust and the association between racial discrimination and perceived healthcare-specific racial discrimination among African American women living in a Southern U.S. state. A stratified random sampling strategy was used to obtain a …

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Assessment Of Factors That Affect Men’S Access And Utilization Of Tuberculosis Services In Zululand District In South Africa, Maureen Fatsani Tshabalala Jan 2023

Assessment Of Factors That Affect Men’S Access And Utilization Of Tuberculosis Services In Zululand District In South Africa, Maureen Fatsani Tshabalala

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death in South Africa, with higher mortality rates among men compared to women, despite the availability of free TB services and a reduction in TB death rates. However, research on the factors influencing men's access to and utilization of TB services is limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the factors affecting men's geographical access and quality utilization of TB services in the Zululand district of KwaZulu Natal province, South Africa. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 200 men recruited from selected primary health care facilities. Andersen's model …

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Lived Experience Of Women Veterans Navigating The Veteran Healthcare System, Candance Willett Jan 2023

Lived Experience Of Women Veterans Navigating The Veteran Healthcare System, Candance Willett

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many women veterans who navigate the Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system across the United States have felt that their voices have not been heard regarding their input and lived experiences concerning inclusion to the quality-of-care delivery for their health needs. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of women veterans who were currently facing or had previously faced difficulty navigating the VA healthcare system. The framework used for this qualitative study was interpretive phenomenological analysis. The qualitative method used was hermeneutics which was designed by Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger. Semi structured interviews were of 12 …

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Help-Seeking Behavior Of African American And Non-African American Victims Of Elderly Abuse, Tesfaye Yigletu Wosene Jan 2023

Help-Seeking Behavior Of African American And Non-African American Victims Of Elderly Abuse, Tesfaye Yigletu Wosene

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Elderly abuse is a pervasive public health problem in the United States. Most abuse and neglect go unreported due to barriers including fear for safety, concerns about the consequences, culture, lack of knowledge about elder abuse, shame, and self-blame. However, there is limited research on how race and ethnicity impact help-seeking behaviors of the elderly. This cross-sectional quantitative study examined the difference in reporting and help-seeking behavior between African American and non-African American victims of elderly abuse. Applying the behavioral model of health services use, this study involved a secondary data analysis using the Nation Elderly Mistreatment Study Wave II …

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Association Between Psychosocial, Obstetric, And Lifestyle Factors And Antenatal Depression, Tomnema Xiong Jan 2023

Association Between Psychosocial, Obstetric, And Lifestyle Factors And Antenatal Depression, Tomnema Xiong

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Antenatal depression, or depression during pregnancy, is a mental health concern in the United States that impacts mothers and their infants. This study examined the associations between psychosocial, obstetric, lifestyle factors, and antenatal depression. This study was guided by social cognitive theory, specifically the reciprocal determinism construct. Secondary data from the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) were used in this quantitative cross-sectional study. Every participant of the NHANES completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression screening form. The study sample consisted of 274 women who were pregnant at the time of participating in the NHANES, approximately 28.8% of …

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Adverse Childhood Experiences, Internalized Homophobia, Alcohol Use, And Suicide Ideation And Attempts Among Sexual Minority Msm Of Color, Odion Clunis Jan 2023

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Internalized Homophobia, Alcohol Use, And Suicide Ideation And Attempts Among Sexual Minority Msm Of Color, Odion Clunis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Sexual minority men of color who engage in sexual activity with men (MSM) are twice as likely to experience a psychological episode contributing to suicide ideation or attempts when compared to White MSM. These MSM are underserved in health systems, underrepresented in research, and limited in their access to health care services and interventions. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine relationships between adverse childhood experiences, internalized homophobia, alcohol use, and suicide ideation and attempts while controlling for age, income, education, and employment among sexual minority men of color (Asian, Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, Middle Eastern, Native Hawaiian/Pacific islanders, …

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A Community-Based Distribution Intervention For Family Planning Among Women In Northern Nigeria, Joy Matau Garba Jan 2023

A Community-Based Distribution Intervention For Family Planning Among Women In Northern Nigeria, Joy Matau Garba

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In Northern Nigeria, inadequate information on family planning contributes to high mortality and morbidity rates in women of reproductive age due to multiple childbirths yearly. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the community-based distribution (CBD) strategy, religion, and attitudes toward family planning methods. Rosenstock’s health belief model, which can be an instrumental anchor for health promotion programs, was the theoretical framework for the quantitative cross-sectional study design. The data source was survey questionnaires administered by the U.S. Agency for International Development to 809 reproductive-age Nigerian women after implementing a CBD intervention. A multinomial logistics regression analysis showed that …

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Associations Between Depression, Social Support, And Sexual Risk-Taking Behaviors Among Hiv-Infected Adult Black Women In The Southeastern United States, Joy Ireri Kagendo Jan 2023

Associations Between Depression, Social Support, And Sexual Risk-Taking Behaviors Among Hiv-Infected Adult Black Women In The Southeastern United States, Joy Ireri Kagendo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African Americans continue to carry the burden of new HIV cases and sexually transmitted infections and other comorbidity health problems more than any other social group in the United States. Except for New York; Washington, DC; and Maryland, 65% of all new HIV cases are in the Southern states. The U.S. Southern states make up 38% of the U.S. population, yet approximately 51% of annual HIV diagnoses are from the Southern U.S. states. In the Southern states, AIDS is among the leading cause of death for African American women. A gap exists in the associations of depression, social support, and …

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Food And Income Insecurity And Academic Progress Among African American College Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Gloria Brown Moore Jan 2023

Food And Income Insecurity And Academic Progress Among African American College Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Gloria Brown Moore

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The impact of food insecurity on minority college students is an ongoing concern that reached new importance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although researchers have examined food insecurity among college students during COVID-19, they had not explored the role of coping responses among African American college students during the onset of the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to investigate coping responses as mediators between situational stressors (students’ experiences of food insecurity, residential changes, and changes in employment) and academic progress among African American college students during COVID-19. The instruments used for this study were the Brief COPE Inventory, Global …

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Examining The Relationship Between Time Spent On Tasks, Job Responsibilities, And Job Satisfaction Among Nurse Practitioners, Iasia E. Owens Jan 2023

Examining The Relationship Between Time Spent On Tasks, Job Responsibilities, And Job Satisfaction Among Nurse Practitioners, Iasia E. Owens

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Managing patient care with the help of nurse practitioners is an expanding trend in healthcare and achieving job satisfaction is a priority for these professionals. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine two research questions and the associated variables concerning the relationship between time spent on tasks, job responsibilities, and job satisfaction among nurse practitioners. Conway’s role theory, which is used to explore and predict behaviors of workers in certain roles, informed this study. Data were derived from the 2017 National Survey of Nurse Practitioners and 972 participants were included. Correlation and linear regression analyses were used to …

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Issues Encountered By Parents In Continuing School-Based Obesity Prevention Programs At Home, Prenu Skaria Jan 2023

Issues Encountered By Parents In Continuing School-Based Obesity Prevention Programs At Home, Prenu Skaria

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Childhood obesity is a public health problem that can lead to various chronic health diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes later in life. School-based obesity prevention programs are a public health recommendation to reduce and prevent obesity in schools through increased physical activity and better nutritional habits. This qualitative research involved exploring the reason for the discontinuation of school-based interventions at home using multi-theory model (MTM) constructs for health behavior change. A convenience sample of three focus groups of consenting parents whose children participated in the Wolf Pack Coaches Challenge (WPCC), a school-based obesity prevention program in Nevada, was …

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