Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Control Of Cationic Amino Acid Transport And Retroviral Receptor Functions In A Membrane Protein Family, Michael Kavanaugh, Hao Wang, Zheng Zhang, Weibin Zhang, Yan-Na Wu, Esther Dechant, R. Alan North, David Kabat

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

A partial cDNA sequence indicated that the T lymphocyte early-activation gene (Tea) encodes a protein related to the dual-function ecotropic retrovirus receptor/cationic amino acid transporter (ecoR/CAT1), and RNA blots suggested highest Tea expression in T lymphocytes and liver (MacLeod, C.L., Finley, K., Kakuda, D. Kozad, C.A., and Wilkinson, M.F. (1990) Mol. Cell. Biol. 7, 3663-3674). The sequence of full-length Tea cDNA from liver (3683 bases) predicts a 657-amino-acid protein (CAT2 alpha) with 12-14 transmembrane domains. A long (515 base) region with six initiation codons and termination codons precedes the translation start codon. The liver Tea cDNA is identical to Tea …

Functional Expression Of Two Glucose Transporter Isoforms From The Parasitic Protozoan Leishmania Enriettii, Chris K. Langford, Brian M. Little, Michael Kavanaugh, Scott M. Landfear

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The parasitic protozoan Leishmania enriettii contains a family of tandemly repeated genes, designated Pro-1, that encode proteins with significant sequence similarity to mammalian facilitative glucose transporters. Pro-1 mRNAs are expressed almost exclusively in the promastigote or insect stage of the parasite life cycle. The Pro-1 tandem repeat encodes two isoforms of the putative transporter, iso-1 and iso-2, which have identical predicted amino acid sequences except for their NH2-terminal hydrophilic domains. We have now expressed both iso-1 and iso-2 by microinjecting their RNAs into Xenopus oocytes and assaying these oocytes for transport of various radiolabeled ligands. Both iso-1 and iso-2 transport …

Cell-Surface Receptors For Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus And Amphotropic Murine Retrovirus Are Inducible Sodium-Dependent Phosphate Symporters, Michael Kavanaugh, Daniel G. Miller, Weibin Zhang, Wendy Law, Susan L. Kozak, David Kabat, A. Dusty Miller

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Cell surface receptors for gibbon ape leukemia virus (Glvr-1) and murine amphotropic retrovirus (Ram-1) are distinct but related proteins having multiple membrane-spanning regions. Distant homology with a putative phosphate permease of Neurospora crassa suggested that these receptors might serve transport functions. By expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes and in mammalian cells, we have identified Glvr-1 and Ram-1 as sodium-dependent phosphate symporters. Two-electrode voltage-clamp analysis indicates net cation influx, suggesting that phosphate is transported with excess sodium ions. Phosphate uptake was reduced by > 50% in mouse fibroblasts expressing amphotropic envelope glycoprotein, which binds to Ram-1, indicating that Ram-1 is a major …

Functional Comparisons Of Three Glutamate Transporter Subtypes Cloned From Human Motor Cortex, Jeffrey L. Arriza, Wendy A. Fairman, Jacques I. Wadiche, Geoffrey H. Murdoch, Michael Kavanaugh, Susan G. Amara

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Reuptake plays an important role in regulating synaptic and extracellular concentrations of glutamate. Three glutamate transporters expressed in human motor cortex, termed EAAT1, EAAT2, and EAAT3 (for excitatory amino acid transporter), have been characterized by their molecular cloning and functional expression. Each EAAT subtype mRNA was found in all human brain regions analyzed. The most prominent regional variation in message content was in cerebellum where EAAT1 expression predominated. EAAT1 and EAAT3 mRNAs were also expressed in various non- nervous tissues, whereas expression of EAAT2 was largely restricted to brain. The kinetic parameters and pharmacological characteristics of transport mediated by each …

Health Professions Division Catalog 1994-1995, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Outpatient Administration Of Paclitaxel, Siu Fun Wong

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Paclitaxel (Taxol®, Bristol-Meyers Squibb), anti neoplastic agent made from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, is undoubtedly one of the most exciting agents to be evaluated over the past decade. Paclitaxel has demonstrated significant promise against ovarian and metastatic breast cancer, and appears to be the most effective single agent to date for non-small-cell lung cancer in trials conducted by Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG).

Composition Of, Method Of Producing And Method Of Using A Stabilized Formulation For Assaying Peroxide Activity, Hsin-Hsiung Tai

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

A formulation for use in detecting and/or determining peroxidase activity comprises a mixture in solution of tetramethylbenzidine, hydrogen peroxide, a buffering agent and bacitracin as a stabilizing agent. The formulation is used as a peroxidase substrate that is stable in solution for an extended period of time and provides enhanced color sensitivity.

Detection Method For Liquids Using Near Infrared Spectra, Leonard J. Galante, Robert A. Lodder

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

A method for detecting the presence or absence of microorganisms in a liquid test sample is provided without need for withdrawing an aliquot or destroying the sample. The method comprises taking near-infrared spectra of the sample and comparing it visually or mathematically to the spectra of a standard, which may be the values of the spectra known to the operator or may be a standard sample that is provided and run side-by-side.

Winter 1993, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

The Sig

The Sig Newsletter from the Southwestern Oklahoma State University College of Pharmacy - Winter 1993

Facilitation Of Penicillin Haptenation To Serum Proteins., Joseph T. Dipiro, N. Franklin Adkinson Jr., Robert G. Hamilton

Publications from the Office of the Dean

Traditionally, penicillin binding to serum proteins was believed to be a passive chemical process; however, it appears to be facilitated by serum factors. The objectives of this in vitro investigation were to examine facilitated penicillin haptenation, to study the kinetics of haptenation, and to determine the nature of haptenation-facilitating factors. The model involved addition of [3H]benzylpenicillin to serum or albumin solutions (at pH 7.3 to 7.4) and incubation at 37 degrees C for up to 72 h. The extent of penicillin binding to proteins in serum was found to be four- to fivefold higher than with solutions having comparable concentrations …

In Vitro Protein Binding Of Cefonicid And Cefuroxime In Adult And Neonatal Sera., John M. Benson, F. Douglas Boudinot, Andrew T. Pennell, Francesca E. Cunningham, Joseph T. Dipiro

Publications from the Office of the Dean

The levels of in vitro protein binding of cefonicid and cefuroxime in human adult and neonatal sera were compared.Binding parameters for each drug were determined within the concentration range of 25 to 3,000 micrograms/ml.Cefonicid exhibited concentration-dependent protein binding in both types of sera, with more extensive binding in adultserum at all concentrations. Two classes of binding sites were found: a high-affinity, saturable site and a low-affinity, nonspecific site. Cefuroxime also showed two-class, concentration-dependent protein binding in adult serum, but bindingin neonatal serum was to a single class and was independent of drug concentration. Parameters for class 1 binding sites for …

Cloning And Expression Of A Human Neutral Amino Acid Transporter With Structural Similarity To The Glutamate Transporter Gene Family, Jeffrey L. Arriza, Michael Kavanaugh, Wendy A. Fairman, Yan-Na Wu, Geoffrey H. Murdoch, R. Alan North, Susan G. Amara

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

A cDNA was isolated from human brain that encodes an amino acid sequence 34-39% identical to previously published glutamate transporter sequences. Injection of RNA transcribed from this cDNA into Xenopus oocytes resulted in expression of a transport activity with the properties of the neutral amino acid uptake system ASC. Superfusion of alanine, serine, and cysteine evoked sodium-dependent inward currents in voltage-clamped oocytes expressing the transporter. These currents were dose-dependent, stereospecific, and saturable, with Km values ranging from 29 to 88 microM. Northern blot analyses revealed ubiquitous expression of this gene, termed ASCT1, consistent with the general metabolic role ascribed to …

Southeastern University Of The Health Sciences Catalog 1993-1995, Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Rapamycin-Induced Inhibition Of P34(Cdc2) Kinase Activation Is Associated With G1/S-Phase Growth Arrest In T Lymphocytes, W. G. Morice, Gregory J. Brunn, Gregory Wiederrecht, John Siekierka, R. T. Abraham

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The macrolide rapamycin (RAP) is a potent inhibitor of interleukin-2 (IL- 2)-induced T-cell proliferation. Current models suggest that RAP, when complexed to its intracellular receptor, FK506-binding protein, interferes with an IL-2 receptor-coupled signaling pathway required for cell-cycle progression from G1- to S-phase. Here we show that RAP treatment inhibits the growth of an IL-2-dependent cytotoxic T-cell line, CTLL-2, in late G1- phase, just prior to entry of the cells into S-phase. In contrast, RAP- treated CTLL-2 cells retained the ability to respond to IL-2 with enhanced cytolytic activity, indicating that RAP was not a general suppressant of cellular responsiveness to …

Effects Of Dopamine And Dopaminergic Agents On Neuronal Activity Of The Ventral Pallidum/Substantia Innominata, Renata J. Maslowski-Cobuzzi

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

1993 Apothecary, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Apothecary

The 1993 Apothecary staff would like to congratulate the graduating seniors on their successful completion of the professional coursework here at Southwestern Oklahoma State University School of Pharmacy. We trust that their gained knowledge and education will allow them to obtain professional success and, through all their future endeavors, further advance the pharmacy profession.

Method And Apparatus For Detecting Microorganisms Within A Liquid Product In A Sealed Vial, Robert A. Lodder

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

An apparatus and method are provided for the noninvasive and nondestructive detection of microorganisms within a liquid product contained within a sealed vial. The apparatus includes a near-IR light source that produces both incident and reference beams having a wavelength between 800 and 2500 nm and, more preferably, 1100 and 1360 nm. The apparatus also includes an integrating sphere having incident and reference beam ports and a sample window opposite the incident beam port. A detector is mounted in the integrating sphere substantially adjacent the sample window. A substantially U-shaped mirror is provided to hold the vial. The U-shaped mirror …

Polymer Bound Elastase Inhibitors, George A. Digenis, Bushra J. Agha, William R. Banks, Frantisek Rypacek

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of inhibiting the enzyme elastase and increasing the biological half-life and/or potency in terms of inhibitory activity of the enzyme elastase of peptide compounds is achieved by use of a polymer of the formula P--(L--R)_q wherein P is a polymer containing at least one unit of the formula (A_n B_n) wherein A_n B_n is substantially nonbiodegradable, and has an average molecular weight of about 1,000 to 5,000 daltons, L is a covalent bond or a linker group and R is a peptide.

Biodegradable Microspheres As A Carrier For Macromolecules, Patrick P. Deluca, Frantisek Rypacek

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

A method for preparing biodegradable microspheres having a three-dimensional network in which biologically active macromolecular agents are physically entrapped therein. The microsphere is able to degrade and release the macromolecular agent at a controlled rate. The method involves emulsifying a vinyl derivative of a biodegradable hydrophilic polymer, a water-soluble monovinyl monomer and a biologically active macromolecule in water, and copolymerizing the biodegradable hydrophilic polymer and the water-soluble monovinyl monomer such that the biologically active macromolecule is entrapped therein.

Book Review, Jennifer L. Frizzell

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of the following: THOMAS SZASZ, OUR RIGHT TO DRUGS: THE CASE FOR A FREE MARKET. (Praeger 1992) [164 pp.] Notes, bibliography, name index, notes, preface, subject index. LC: 91-30378; ISBN: 0-275-94216-3. [Cloth $19.95. P.O. Box 5007, Westwood CT 06881-9990.]

Hypothalamic Excitatory Amino Acid Receptors Mediate Stress-Induced Tachycardia In Rats, Robert P. Soltis, Joseph A. Dimicco

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

The role of hypothalamic excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors in mediating the cardiovascular response to stress was examined using conscious chronically instrumented rats. Microinjection of the EAA agonists N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA; 1-10 pmol), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isooxazolepropionic acid (AMPA; 0.3-3.0 pmol), or kainic acid (0.1-1.0 pmol) into the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) elicited dose-related increases in heart rate and modest elevations in arterial pressure. Local microinjection of the NMDA antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP5; 100 pmol) selectively blocked NMDA-induced cardiovascular changes, whereas the non-NMDA EAA antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX; 50 pmol) selectively blocked the responses to AMPA and kainic acid. In the stress trials, microinjection of …

Winter 1991-1992, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

The Sig

The Sig Newsletter from the Southwestern Oklahoma State University College of Pharmacy - Winter 1991-1992

Safety And Pharmacokinetics Of Multiple Doses Of Intravenous Ofloxacin In Healthy Volunteers, David R. P. Guay, John A. Opsahl, F. Gilbert Mcmahon, Ramon Vargas, Gary R. Matzke, Soledad Flor

Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science Publications

The safety and pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in 48 healthy male volunteers were studied in a two-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ofloxacin (200 or 400 mg) or placebo was administered as 1-h infusions every 12 h for 7 days. Plasma ofloxacin concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Mean harmonic half-lives ranged from 4.28 to 4.98 h in the 200-mg dosing group and from 5.06 to 6.67 h in the 400-mg dosing group. Intragroup comparisons of trough plasma concentration-versus-time data from study days 2 through 7 revealed that steady state was achieved by day 2 of both multiple-dose regimens. Intergroup comparisons …

Electrogenic Uptake Of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid By A Cloned Transporter Expressed In Xenopus Oocytes, Michael Kavanaugh, Jeffrey L. Arriza, R. Alan North, Susan G. Amara

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

GAT-1, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter cloned from rat brain, was expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Voltage-clamp measurements showed concentration-dependent, inward currents in response to GABA (K0.5 4.7 microM). The transport current required extracellular sodium and chloride ions; the Hill coefficient for chloride was 0.7, and that for sodium was 1.7. Correlation of current and [3H]GABA uptake measurements indicate that flux of one positive charge occurs per molecule of GABA transported. Membrane hyperpolarization from -40 to -100 mV increased the transport current approximately 3-fold. The results indicate that the transport of one molecule of GABA involves the co-transport of two sodium …

Cooperative Interactions Among Subunits Of A Voltage-Dependent Potassium Channel. Evidence From Expression Of Concatenated Cdnas, Raymond S. Hurst, Michael Kavanaugh, Jerrel Yakel, John P. Adelman, R. Alan North

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Four copies of the coding sequence for a voltage-dependent potassium channel (RBK1, rat Kv1.1) were ligated contiguously and transcribed in vitro. The resulting RNA encodes four covalently linked subunit domains ([4]RBK1). Injection of this RNA into Xenopus oocytes resulted in the expression of voltage-dependent potassium currents. A single amino acid substitution, Tyr-->Val, located within the outer mouth of the pore, introduced into the equivalent position of any of the four domains, reduced affinity for external tetraethylammonium by approximately the same amount. In constructs containing 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 Tyr residues the free energy of binding tetraethylammonium was …

Effects Of Ecotropic Murine Retroviruses On The Dual-Function Cell Surface Receptor/Basic Amino Acid Transporter, Hao Wang, Esther Dechant, Michael Kavanaugh, R. Alan North, David Kabat

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The widely expressed Na(+)-independent transporter for basic amino acids (system y+) is the cell surface receptor (ecoR) for ecotropic host-range mouse retroviruses (murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs)), a class of retroviruses that naturally infects only mice or rats. Accordingly, expression of mouse ecoR cDNA in mink CCL64 fibroblasts yields cells (CEN cells) that have y+ transporter activity above the endogenous background and that bind and are infected by ecotropic MuLVs. The effect of ecotropic MuLV infection on expression of y+ transporter was analyzed in mouse and in mink CEN fibroblasts. Chronic infection with ecotropic MuLVs caused 50-70% loss (down-modulation) of mouse …

1992 Apothecary, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Apothecary

The Apothecary staff would like to take this opportunity to congratulate the seniors who successfully completed their three years of professional training at Southwestern Oklahoma State University School of Pharmacy. We trust that they will strive for excellence in all of their endeavors and that they will use the knowledge that they have gained at Southwestern to make further advances in the Pharmacy profession.

Evaluation Of Quantitative Electroencephalography For Assessment Of Central Nervous System Stimulant Response, Patricia W. Slattum

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) as a measure of CNS stimulation. The reproducibility and sensitivity of quantitative EEG was compared to neuroendocrine, mood, and psychomotor performance measures.

The study was conducted in two parts. The first part investigated the inter- and intra-individual variability associated with a series of pharmacological response measures under baseline (no drug) conditions. It was an open-label pilot study in which eight healthy male volunteers underwent a series of tests (EEG, visual continuous performance task (CPT), a finger tapping task, and self-rated mood scales) repeated eight times over a 12 hour …

National Pharmaceutical Limited, R K Vijayasarathy

IIMB Management Review

No abstract provided.

Risk Perception And Drug Safety Evaluation, Ilan B. Vertinsky, Donald A. Wehrung

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors present a Risk communication framework based on a survey of empirical research concerning public Risk perceptions. They also apply it to the area of pharmaceutical regulation to suggest more effective regulatory strategies.