Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Exposure To Urban Air Pollution And Bone Health In Clinically Healthy Six-Year-Old Children, Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas, Antonieta Mora-Tiscareño, Maricela Franco-Lira, Ricardo Torres-Jardon, Bernardo Pena-Cruz, Carolina Palacios-López, Hongtu Zhu, Linglong Kong, Nicolas Mendoza-Mendoza, Hortencia Montesinoscorrea, Lina Romero, Gildardo Valencia-Salazar, Michael Kavanaugh, Silvestre Frenk

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Air pollution induces systemic inflammation, as well as respiratory, myocardial and brain inflammation in children. Peak bone mass is influenced by environmental factors. We tested the hypothesis that six-year-olds with lifetime exposures to urban air pollution will have alterations in inflammatory markers and bone mineral density (BMD) as opposed to low-polluted city residents when matched for BMI, breast feeding history, skin phototype, age, sex and socioeconomic status. This pilot study included 20 children from Mexico City (MC) (6.17 years ± 0.63 years) and 15 controls (6.27 years ± 0.76 years). We performed full paediatric examinations, a history of outdoor exposures, …

Novel Dicarboxylate Selectivity In An Insect Glutamate Transporter Homolog, Hui Wang, Avi M. Rascoe, David Charles Holley, Eric Gouaux, Michael Kavanaugh

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Mammals express seven transporters from the SLC1 (solute carrier 1) gene family, including five acidic amino acid transporters (EAAT1-5) and two neutral amino acid transporters (ASCT1-2). In contrast, insects of the order Diptera possess only two SLC1 genes. In this work we show that in the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus, a carrier of West Nile virus, one of its two SLC1 EAAT-like genes encodes a transporter that displays an unusual selectivity for dicarboxylic acids over acidic amino acids. In eukaryotes, dicarboxylic acid uptake has been previously thought to be mediated exclusively by transporters outside the SLC1 family. The dicarboxylate selectivity was …

Brain Immune Interactions And Air Pollution: Macrophage Inhibitory Factor (Mif), Prion Cellular Protein (Prpc), Interleukin-6 (Il-6), Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist (Il-1ra), And Interleukin-2 (Il-2) In Cerebrospinal Fluid And Mif In Serum Differentiate Urban Children Exposed To Severe Vs. Low Air Pollution, Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas, Janet V. Cross, Maricela Franco-Lira, Mariana Aragón-Flores, Michael Kavanaugh, Ricardo Torres-Jardon, Chih-Kai Chao, Charles Thompson, Jing Chang, Hongtu Zhu, Amedeo D'Angiulli

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Mexico City Metropolitan Area children chronically exposed to high concentrations of air pollutants exhibit an early brain imbalance in genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, innate and adaptive immune responses along with accumulation of misfolded proteins observed in the early stages of Alzheimer and Parkinson's diseases. A complex modulation of serum cytokines and chemokines influences children's brain structural and gray/white matter volumetric responses to air pollution. The search for biomarkers associating systemic and CNS inflammation to brain growth and cognitive deficits in the short term and neurodegeneration in the long-term is our principal aim. We explored and compared a profile …

Genotype-Based Ancestral Background Consistently Predicts Efficacy And Side Effects Across Treatments In Catie And Star*D, Daniel E. Adkins, Renan P. Souza, Karolina A. Aberg, Shaunna L. Clark, Joseph L. Mcclay, Patrick F. Sullivan, Edwin J. C. G. Van Den Oord

Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine Publications

Only a subset of patients will typically respond to any given prescribed drug. The time it takes clinicians to declare a treatment ineffective leaves the patient in an impaired state and at unnecessary risk for adverse drug effects. Thus, diagnostic tests robustly predicting the most effective and safe medication for each patient prior to starting pharmacotherapy would have tremendous clinical value. In this article, we evaluated the use of genetic markers to estimate ancestry as a predictive component of such diagnostic tests. We first estimated each patient’s unique mosaic of ancestral backgrounds using genome-wide SNP data collected in the Clinical …

Cyanine 5.5 Conjugated Nanobubbles As A Tumor Selective Contrast Agent For Dual Ultrasound-Fluorescence Imaging In A Mouse Model, Liyi Mai, Anna Yao, Jing Li, Qiong Wei, Ming Yuchi, Xiaoling He, Mingyue Ding, Qibing Zhou

Medicinal Chemistry Publications

Nanobubbles and microbubbles are non-invasive ultrasound imaging contrast agents that may potentially enhance diagnosis of tumors. However, to date, both nanobubbles and microbubbles display poor in vivo tumor-selectivity over non-targeted organs such as liver. We report here cyanine 5.5 conjugated nanobubbles (cy5.5-nanobubbles) of a biocompatible chitosan–vitamin C lipid system as a dual ultrasound-fluorescence contrast agent that achieved tumor-selective imaging in a mouse tumor model. Cy5.5-nanobubble suspension contained single bubble spheres and clusters of bubble spheres with the size ranging between 400–800 nm. In the in vivo mouse study, enhancement of ultrasound signals at tumor site was found to persist over …

Principles Of Management Of Severe Hyponatremia, Antonios H. Tzamaloukas Md, Deepak Malhorta Md, Phd, Bradley H. Rosen Do, Dominic S. C. Raj S. C. Raj Md, Glen H. Murata Md, Joseph I. Shapiro Md

Pharmaceutical Science and Research

Hyponatremia represents a serious health hazard.¹ Hospitalized patients,² nursing home residents,³ women,^4,5 and children⁶ exhibit high frequency and/or severity of hyponatremia. Hyponatremia developing during the course of other morbid conditions increases their severity.^7–10 Estimates of direct costs for treating hyponatremia in the United States ranged between $1.61 and $3.6 billion.¹¹

Clinical manifestations of hyponatremia are universal^12,13 and range from subtle (disturbances of balance, problems in cognition detected only during specific testing) to life-threatening manifestations of increased intracranial pressure with life-threatening hypoxia^14–16 and noncardiac pulmonary edema.¹⁷ Although the treating physicians must …

An Update On Braf Inhibitors And Other New Molecular Targets For The Treatment Of Malignant Melanoma Of The Skin, M. O. Faruk Khan, Carroll L. Ramos

Pharmaceutical Science and Research

Malignant melanoma of the skin originates from mutations in melanocytes and can be lethal if unrecognized or untreated in its earlier stages. Deaths from melanoma are increasing in the United States and around the world every year. The available treatments produce low rates of response with modest survival impact. Among potential molecular targets under investigation, which are mostly in the tyrosine kinase pathway, the BRAF (V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1) gene is the best studied and most frequently reported mutation in melanoma. The molecular targets for melanoma treatment, promising drugs for future melanoma treatment as well as the …

The Impact Of A Community Pharmacist Conducted Comprehensive Medication Review (Cmr) On 30-Day Re-Admission Rates And Increased Patient Satisfaction Scores: A Pilot Study, Brittany Snodgrass, Charles K. Babcock, Anne Teichman

Pharmacy Practice & Administration

Objective: To determine the impact of pharmacist conducted Comprehensive Medication Review (CMR) follow-up within seven days after discharge on (1) readmission rates, (2) detection of drug related problems, (3) and changes in Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) scores.

Design: Rates of re-admission for pneumonia, congestive heart failure (CHF), or myocardial infarction (MI), within 30 days of discharge are compared between patients receiving a CMR from the pharmacist to a historical control group not receiving the service. The CMR documentation is reviewed to classify any detected drug related problems. Overall HCAHPS scores for the hospital are compared …

A Randomized, Controlled Trial Of Catheter-Related Infectious Event Rates Using Antibiotic-Impregnated Catheters Versus Conventional Catheters In Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery Patients, Elaine G. Cox, Chad A. Knoderer, Aimee Jennings, John W. Brown, Mark D. Rodefeld, Scott G. Walker, Mark W. Turrentine

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

We conducted a randomized, controlled clinical trial to determine whether a difference in catheter-associated blood stream infection (CABSI) incidence existed between children who underwent cardiac surgery and had a central venous catheter impregnated with minocycline and rifampin versus those who had a conventional, nonimpregnated catheter after cardiac surgery. Due to a lower number of infections than expected, the study was terminated early. Among 288 evaluable patients, the rates of CABSI and line-related complications were similar between the 2 groups.

Environmental And Behavioral Controls Of The Expression Of Clozapine Tolerance: Evidence From A Novel Across-Model Transfer Paradigm, Min Feng, Nan Sui, Ming Li

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Repeated administration of antipsychotic drugs induces a sensitization-like or tolerance-like effect in many behavioral tasks, including the conditioned avoidance response (CAR) and the phencyclidine (PCP)-induced hyperlocomotion, two rodent models with high predictive validity for antipsychotic activity. This study investigated the impacts of contextual and behavioral variables on the expression of clozapine tolerance using a recently validated across-model transfer paradigm (Zhang and Li, 2012). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were first repeatedly treated with clozapine (2.5–10.0 mg/kg, sc) in the CAR model or PCP (1.6 mg/kg, sc)-induced hyperlocomotion model for five consecutive days. They were then tested for the expression of clozapine tolerance …

2013 Apothecary, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Apothecary

This publication is dedicated to the Southwestern College of Pharmacy faculty, staff, alumni, and students. We congratulate this year's graduating seniors and wish you success in your professional careers.

The 2013 Apothecary issue was made possible by the provision of generous financial contributions from many stores, businesses, and Southwestern College of Pharmacy alumni. We greatly appreciate and thank you for your continued support.

The College Of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University

Jackrabbits Script and Scope (Formerly called College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions Magazine)

[Page] 2 Dr. Dwivedi retires Leaving a legacy of great accomplishment.
[Page] 7 Interprofessional education Students join forces to improve health outcomes.
[Page] 8 Faculty scholar award Faculty scholar award helps bridge gap between lab, marketplace.
[Page] 9 Where are they now? Ph.D. Grads: In U.S., China, India teaching, doing research.
[Page] 12 Technology in practice lab SimMan makes students think critically.
[Page] 13 Teaching certificate Teaching certificate helps pharmacists in workplace, classroom.
[Page]14 Keo Glidden Smith fall convocation Scripps scientist details therapeutic research.
[Page] 16 VALOR program VALOR internship: the residency before the residency. [Page] 17 Alumnus of the …

Isozyme-Specific Ligands For O-Acetylserine Sulfhydrylase, A Novel Antibiotic Target, Francesca Spyrakis, Ratna Singh, Pietro Cozzini, Enea Salsi, Paolo Felici, Samanta Raboni, Paolo Benedetti, Gabriele Cruciani, Glen E. Kellogg, Paul F. Cook, Andrea Mozzarelli

Medicinal Chemistry Publications

The last step of cysteine biosynthesis in bacteria and plants is catalyzed by O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase. In bacteria, two isozymes, O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase-A and O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase-B, have been identified that share similar binding sites, although the respective specific functions are still debated. O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase plays a key role in the adaptation of bacteria to the host environment, in the defense mechanisms to oxidative stress and in antibiotic resistance. Because mammals synthesize cysteine from methionine and lackO-acetylserine sulfhydrylase, the enzyme is a potential target for antimicrobials. With this aim, we first identified potential inhibitors of the two …

A Novel, Network-Wide Outpatient Generational Urine Antibiogram, Jarrod W. Kile Rphd, Lalita G. Shastry Md

Department of Pharmacy

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Vancomycin Dosing And Corresponding Drug Concentrations In Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (Nicu) Patients, Christine Lam Pharmd, Jenny Boucher Bs, Pharmd, Jd, Bcps

Department of Pharmacy

No abstract provided.

Sex And Haplotype Associations With Adverse Effects Of Calcineurin Inhibitors Post-Renal Transplant, Daniel A. Brazeau, Calvin Meaney, Shirley Chang, Rocco Venuto, Nick Leca, Aijaz Gundroo, Sarah Morse, Joseph Consiglio, Louise Cooper, Kathleen Tornatore

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Posters

BACKGROUND: P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ABC transport protein contributes to the interpatient pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variability of calcineurin inhibitors(CNI), tacrolimus(TAC) and cyclosporine (CYA). ABCB1 encodes P-gp and the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) 1236C>T, 2677G>T/A, 3435C>T may alter protein expression or function. Our objective was to examine the association of ABCB1 haplotypes, sex and race with chronic CNI adverse effects (AE) in renal transplant recipients (RTR). METHODS: A meta-analysis of 3 prospective observational studies was completed in 149 stable RTR [GFR= 51 ±17 ml/min/1.73m2] using identical inclusion and exclusion criteria in 62 African Americans (AA) and 81 Caucasians (C) …

Medication Utilization Evaluation Of Dabigatran And Rivaroxaban Within A Large, Multicenter Health System., Sarah A. Nisly, Alex N. Issacs, Meagan Doolin, Courtney Morse, Erin Shiltz

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Objective. The objective of this medication utilization evaluation (MUE) was to determine the appropriateness of dabigatran and rivaroxaban while also reviewing outcomes for safety and effectiveness within a large, multi-center health system.

Methods. A retrospective chart review was performed using the system’s electronic medical record. A data inquiry was requested and generated for dabigatran usage from July 28, 2011 through July 28, 2012 and for rivaroxaban from March 1, 2012 to July 31, 2012 at eight health system hospitals. All patients receiving at least one dose were eligible for inclusion in the MUE.

Results. For dabigatran, 78 of 390 unique …

Use Of A Subcutaneous Insulin Computerized Glucostabilizer™ Program On Glycemic Control In The Intensive Care Setting: A Retrospective Data Analysis., Sarah A. Nisly, Serena Harris, Laura Aykroyd, Joni Carrol, Brian Ulmer, Michael Waddell, Samuel Flanders, Rattan Juneja

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Background: Despite guidelines that recommend strongly against Sliding Scale Insulin (SSI) it continues to be the most commonly insulin regimen used in hospitals to treat hyperglycemia. In addition to being reactionary to a glucose that has already increased, SSI offers practical challenges in the randomness of the doses of insulin prescribed and often a disconnect with glucose testing that should be occurring in congruence to the insulin dosing. While many clinical trials have shown improved glycemic control in critical care patients receiving intravenous insulin; few studies have demonstrated the efficacy of subcutaneous (SQ) insulin in this setting. In this study, …

Lipid Goals: Update On Their Status, Katie Axford, Eliza Dy, Sarah A. Nisly

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Goal: The goal of this lesson is to discuss current medical management of dyslipidemias, including available agents and goals of therapy, as well as potential future treatment strategies based on recently published literature.

Simvastatin: A Risk Factor For Angioedema?, Sarah A. Nisly, Areeba Kara, Tamara B. Knight

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Objective. To report a case of simvastatin-induced angioedema in a patient with near nightly episodes of orofacial angioedema.

Case Summary. A 75-year-old African American female presented to the emergency department with recurrent face, lip, and tongue swelling. The patient described frequent episodes of orofacial edema, with 4 emergency department visits over the previous 6 months. Her home medications were reviewed and simvastatin was identified as a possible contributing medication. Simvastatin was discontinued with resolution of the symptoms during hospitalization and a significant reduction in episodes.

Discussion. Drug-induced angioedema has been documented with several agents, most commonly angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. …

Canagliflozin, A New Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor, In The Treatment Of Diabetes, Sarah A. Nisly, Denise M. Kolanczyk, Alison M. Walton

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Purpose. The published evidence on the pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of a promising investigational agent for managing type 2 diabetes is evaluated.

Summary. Canagliflozin belongs to a class of agents—the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors—whose novel mechanism of action offers potential advantages over other antihyperglycemic agents, including a relatively low hypoglycemia risk and weight loss-promoting effects. Canagliflozin has dose-dependent pharmacokinetics, and research in laboratory animals demonstrated high oral bioavailability (85%) and rapid effects in lowering glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values. In four early-stage clinical trials involving a total of over 500 patients, the use of canagliflozin for varying periods …

Outcomes Of Extended-Infusion Piperacillin/Tazobactam In Pediatric Patients., Kristen R. Nichols, Katie Andricopulos, Ashley S. Crumby, Elaine G. Cox, Chad A. Knoderer

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Poster presented at: ID Week 2013, October 2013, San Francisco, California.

Linezolid-Associated Thrombocytopenia In Children With Renal Impairment, Chad A. Knoderer, Kristen R. Nichols, Heather L. Deyoung, Sara J. Jones, Elaine G. Cox

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Poster presented at ID Week, October 2013, San Francisco, California.

Analysis Of Anti-Xa Concentrations In Patients On Treatment Dose Enoxaparin: A Retrospective Chart Review, Lauren Levine, Nicole Pallme, Erik Angelotti, Dane L. Shiltz

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

The purpose of this retrospective chart review was to determine the correlation between full weight-based enoxaparin use and the frequency of anti-Xa concentrations within the defined therapeutic range; to ascertain if anti-Xa monitoring is being appropriately ordered in relation to the timing of enoxaparin dose (after 3 consistent therapeutic doses and 3-5 hours post-dose); to establish if the evidence-based recommended dose adjustment protocol that was studied in the pediatric population was utilized; and if this yielded anti-Xa concentrations within the target range (0.6 – 1.1 IU/mL) for an adult population. The data may suggest a lack of correlation between BMI …

Vancomycin And Gentamicin Pharmacokinetic Alterations In An Adolescent Amputee, Kristen R. Nichols, Kari M. Edison, Michelle D. Rosenbaum, Chad A. Knoderer

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

A 14-year-old male with bilateral above-the-knee amputations presented to our hospital for treatment of a skin and soft-tissue infection. We report the experience of vancomycin and gentamicin therapy in this patient. Because these medications require weight-based dosages and pharmacokinetic monitoring of serum levels, it was necessary to obtain peak and trough levels of the two drugs in order to determine the pharmacokinetic differences in this patient compared to those in an adolescent male without amputations. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing pharmacokinetic differences in an adolescent amputee.

We Can Do More Than Just Sell The Test: Pharmacist Perspectives About Over-The-Counter Rapid Hiv Tests, Beth Meyerson, Priscilla T. Ryder, Christiana Van Hippel, Kelsey Coy

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Pharmacist attitudes about the over-the-counter (OTC) sale of HIV rapid tests in pharmacies were explored through interviews conducted among 17 licensed community pharmacists in a Midwestern, moderate HIV incidence state between May and September 2012. Participants recognized that OTC rapid HIV tests would increase the number of people aware of their HIV status. Concerns included linkage to care and results consultation for those who test HIV-positive. Point of sale was identified as an opportunity for consultation about the test and to establish a relationship for future discussion about results and linkage to care. Pharmacists could provide initial test consultation or …

Survey Of Pharmacist-Managed Primary Care Clinics Using Healthcare Failure Mode And Effect Analysis (Hfmea), Ashley H. Vincent, Jasmine D. Gonzolvo, Darin C. Ramsey, Alison M. Walton, Zachary A. Weber, Jessica E. Wilhoite

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Objectives: The primary objective was to expand upon results of a previously piloted patient perception survey with Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA), to identify areas within pharmacist-managed clinics needing improvement.

Methods: The survey was adapted for use in pharmacist-managed clinics. Patients completed the survey following regularly scheduled pharmacist appointments. Data were analyzed with a method adapted from HFMEA. Product scores could range from five to 25. A product of five indicates that pharmacists are doing a good job on the items that patients place the most value on, while a product score of 25 indicates that pharmacists are …

Geriatric Medication Therapy: Weighing The Evidence Versus Best Practice, Lindsay M. Saum, Cathy Ramey

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Goals: The goal of this article is to provide a review of available evidence for safe prescribing in older adults and recommend medication therapies based on anticipated pharmacokinetic/physiologic changes in this population.

Assessing The Accuracy And Quality Of Medication History Collection: Effect Of Implementation Of Electronic Health Record, Kena Lanham, Lindsay Saum, David J. Reeves, Colleen Scherer, Beth Johnson, Anthony Antonopoulos, Suellyn Sorenson

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Abstract from 2013 ACCP Annual Meeting, Alburquerque, New Mexico.

Doctor Of Philosophy In Pharmacy 2013, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.