Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Kinetics Of Dextromethorphan-O-Demethylase Activity And Distribution Of Cyp2d In Four Commonly-Used Subcellular Fractions Of Rat Brain, Barent N. Dubois, Farideh Amirrad, Reza Mehvar

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The purpose of this study was to compare the enzymatic kinetics and distribution of cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) among different rat brain subcellular fractions.

Rat brains were used to prepare total membrane, crude mitochondrial, purified mitochondrial, and microsomal fractions, in addition to total homogenate. Michaelis–Menten kinetics of the brain CYP2D activity was estimated based on the conversion of dextromethorphan (DXM) to dextrorphan using UPLC-MS/MS. Protein levels of CYP2D and subcellular markers were determined by Western blot.

Microsomal CYP2D exhibited high affinity and low capacity, compared with the mitochondrial CYP2D that had a much lower (∼50-fold) affinity but a higher (∼six-fold) …

A Xenopus Oocyte Model System To Study Action Potentials, Aaron Corbin-Leftwich, Hannah E Small, Helen H Robinson, Carlos A. Villalba-Galea, Linda M Boland

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Action potentials (APs) are the functional units of fast electrical signaling in excitable cells. The upstroke and downstroke of an AP is generated by the competing and asynchronous action of Na+- and K+-selective voltage-gated conductances. Although a mixture of voltage-gated channels has been long recognized to contribute to the generation and temporal characteristics of the AP, understanding how each of these proteins function and are regulated during electrical signaling remains the subject of intense research. AP properties vary among different cellular types because of the expression diversity, subcellular location, and modulation of ion channels. These complexities, in addition to the …

Introduction To Pharmacy Law And Social Administrative Sciences I, Joanna Burkhardt

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Assessing New Innovation Impact Of The Doseedge Intravenous Workflow System In A Community Hospital, Adam Castro Rph, Bcps

Department of Pharmacy

No abstract provided.

Implementation Of Smart Pump Technology With Home Infusion Providers: An Assessment Of Clinician Workflow And Patient Satisfaction., Thomas D. Brown, Martha Michael, David S. Grady, Mary Ward

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

While hospitals have adopted smart pump technology (SPT) featuring drug libraries and medication safety software, most home infusion providers (HIPs) continue to use traditional infusion pumps that don't offer drug libraries or medication safety software. As infusion delivery is moving from the hospital to the home, the purpose of this study was to determine whether SPT was a feasible alternative at both a hospital-based and a rural HIP. HIP personnel were trained on an ambulatory infusion pump. Patients requiring home infusion used the pump and recorded daily pump interactions for 5 to 7 days. After the creation of a drug …

Multidisciplinary Authorship Among Infectious Diseases Society Of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Examining The Contributions Of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists, Lauren K. Freeman, Jasmine N. Lindsay, Sarah Elizabeth Davis, Brian F. Norman, April W. Thompkins, Vera P. Luther, Christopher A. Ohl, P Brandon Bookstaver

Faculty Publications

We describe the proportion of pharmacist representation among current and corresponding prior editions of Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Pharmacist representation was 13% and 21% in previous and current editions, respectively, increasing significantly since 2011. We advocate for continued collaborations between IDSA and pharmacy organizations to enhance multidisciplinary representation in CPGs.

Basics Of Compounding: Vehicles For Compounded Oral Liquid Medications: A Review, Kara Cutaia, Lipika Chablani, Fang Zhao

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Compounded oral liquid medications play an important role in addressing the unmet needs of special patient populations, including pediatric, geriatric, and tube fed patients. The use of manufactured vehicles can streamline the compounding activities for pharmacists. In recent years, there is an increase in the availability of manufactured vehicles with various promotional features. This article uses the general formulation principles as a guide to compare and contrast the manufactured vehicles regarding their physicochemical properties, presence of preservatives and dyes, organoleptic properties, and ease of use. A summary table is provided as a reference tool to assist pharmacists in selecting the …

Nadolol In Pregnancy: A Medical Student’S Reflection On Her Pregnancy, Rebecca King-Mallory, Shawndra Barker, Kaitlin Mcgrogan, Adam M. Franks

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Hypertension is a common concern during pregnancy. Beta-blockers are one potential treatment, but third trimester exposure has correlated with an increased risk of perinatal events. Nadolol, a nonselective beta blocker, has properties that differ from those of its selective counterparts, including longer half-life, decreased protein binding, and renal excretion in the unchanged form. There is very limited data on the use of nadolol during pregnancy, and its safety has not been completely evaluated. This case study documents the perinatal outcomes of nadolol use throughout a medical student’s pregnancy and explores the experience in obtaining and undergoing medical care.

Hotspotting Without A Patient, Mirna Rezkalla, Bs, Pharmd Candidate, Nicole Lenegan, Bsn, Rn, Elena Umland, Pharmd

College of Pharmacy Posters

Introduction

• Interprofessional (IP) teamwork is the foundation for successful patient care outcomes. Numerous issues can arise from poor teamwork stemming from the lack of acknowledgment and appreciation of the roles of each healthcare provider.
• Throughout our training in school, students often become focused on their own profession and develop biases or perceptions of the other members of other healthcare disciplines.
• The Hotspotting program provides students the opportunity to eliminate biases and clarify perceptions.

Diffusion Through The Ex Vivo Vitreal Body – Bovine, Porcine, And Ovine Models Are Poor Surrogates For The Human Vitreous, Sara Shafaie, Victoria Hutter, Marc B. Brown, Michael T. Cook, David Y.S. Chau

Pharmacology and Animal Models in Research Collection

The human vitreous humour is a complex gel structure whose composition and physical properties can vary considerably from person to person and also change with age. To date, the viscoelastic properties of the human vitreous gel has not been thoroughly investigated and despite many years of intensive research, an ideal vitreous substitute remains a challenge. Understanding the physical structure and properties of the vitreous is of fundamental and therapeutic interest, providing a clear insight into diffusion and transport of administered ophthalmic drug molecules into the vitreous. A number of mammalian surrogates, mainly bovine, porcine and ovine vitreous humours have been …

Introduction To Safety To Quality In Healthcare Php 301g, Joanna Burkhardt

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Early Detection Of Capping Risk In Pharmaceutical Compacts, Xiaochi Xu, Chaitanya Krishna Prasad Vallabh, Stephen W. Hoag, Vivek S. Dave, Centin Cetinkaya

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Capping is a common mechanical defect in tablet manufacturing, exhibited during or after the compression process. Predicting tablet capping in terms of process variables (e.g. compaction pressure and speed) and formulation properties is essential in pharmaceutical industry. In current work, a non-destructive contact ultrasonic approach for detecting capping risk in the pharmaceutical compacts prepared under various compression forces and speeds is presented. It is shown that the extracted mechanical properties can be used as early indicators for invisible capping (prior to visible damage). Based on the analysis of X-ray cross-section images and a large set of waveform data, it is …

Light To Moderate Drinking And Therapeutic Doses Of Acetaminophen: An Assessment Of Risks For Renal Dysfunction, Harrison Ndetan, Marion W. Evans, Ashwani K. Singal, Lane J. Brunner, Kirk Calhoun, Karan P. Singh

Pharmacy Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study investigated the potential effect of therapeutic doses of acetaminophen (APAP) in combination with light-moderate amounts of alcohol on kidney functions controlling for factors such as hypertension, diabetes and obesity that may predispose the kidney to APAP and/or alcohol toxicity. Secondary analysis of the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data was performed using SAS 9.4. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing the likelihood that individuals who ingested therapeutic doses of APAP and light-moderate amount of alcohol, compared to those who did not, would have kidney dysfunction were generated from multiple logistics regression models by …

Synthesis And Antiproliferative Activities Of Doxorubicin Thiol Conjugates And Doxorubicin-Ss-Cyclic Peptide, Shaban Darwish, Neda Sadeghiani, Shirley Fong, Saghar Mozaffari, Parinaz Hamidi, Thimanthi Withana, Sun Yang, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Myocardial toxicity and drug resistance caused by drug efflux are major limitations of doxorubicin (Dox)-based chemotherapy. Dox structure modification could be used to develop conjugates with an improved biological profile, such as antiproliferative activity and higher cellular retention. Thus, Dox thiol conjugates, Dox thiol (Dox-SH), thiol-reactive Dox-SS-pyridine (SS = disulfide), and a Dox-SS-cell-penetrating cyclic peptide, Dox-SS-[C(WR)4K], were synthesized. Dox was reacted with Traut's reagent to generate Dox-SH. The thiol group was activated by the reaction with dithiodipyridine to afford the corresponding Dox-SS-Pyridine (Dox-SS-Pyr). A cyclic cell-penetrating peptide containing a cysteine residue [C(WR)4K] was prepared using Fmoc solid-phase strategy. Dox-SS-Py was …

Design, Synthesis, And Evaluation Of Amphiphilic Cyclic And Linear Peptides Composed Of Hydrophobic And Positively-Charged Amino Acids As Antibacterial Agents, Neda Riahifard, Saghar Mozaffari, Taibah Aldakhil, Francisco Nunez, Qamar Alshammari, Saud Alshammari, Jason Yamaki, Keykavous Parang, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) contain amphipathic structures and are derived from natural resources. AMPs have been found to be effective in treating the infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), and thus, are potential lead compounds against ARB. AMPs’ physicochemical properties, such as cationic nature, amphiphilicity, and their size, will provide the opportunity to interact with membrane bilayers leading to damage and death of microorganisms. Herein, AMP analogs of [R₄W₄] were designed and synthesized by changing the hydrophobicity and cationic nature of the lead compound with other amino acids to provide insights into a structure-activity relationship against selected …

Modulation Of Hypoxia-Induced Chemoresistance To Polymeric Micellar Cisplatin: The Effect Of Ligand Modification Of Micellar Carrier Versus Inhibition Of The Mediators Of Drug Resistance, Hoda Soleymani Abyaneh, Amir Hassan Soleimani, Mohammad Reza Vakili, Rania Soudy, Kamaljit Kaur, Francesco Cuda, Ali Tavassoli, Afsaneh Lavasanifar

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Hypoxia can induce chemoresistance, which is a significant clinical obstacle in cancer therapy. Here, we assessed development of hypoxia-induced chemoresistance (HICR) against free versus polymeric cisplatin micelles in a triple negative breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. We then explored two strategies for the modulation of HICR against cisplatin micelles: a) the development of actively targeted micelles; and b) combination therapy with modulators of HICR in MDA-MB-231 cells. Actively targeted cisplatin micelles were prepared through surface modification of acetal-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(-carboxyl-"-caprolactone) (acetal-PEO-PCCL) micelles with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting peptide, GE11 (YHWYGYTPQNVI). Our results showed that hypoxia induced resistance against free and …

The Smarxt Media Literacy Program: Improving Evidence-Based Prescribing Among Medical Students, Bethany D. Corbin, Jason B. Colditz, Galen E. Switzer, Jaime E. Sidani, Patricia M. Klatt, Ted Schaffer, Brian A. Primack

Journal of Media Literacy Education

Many prescriptions written are not evidence-based, resulting in unnecessary morbidity and mortality. Media literacy may help medical trainees optimize evidence-based decision-making. In this study, we aimed to assess feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a media literacy prescribing program. We recruited 30 medical students, who completed animated video modules about pharmaceutical marketing and prescribing. We used a process evaluation and open-ended items to assess feasibility and acceptability, and knowledge tests before and after the intervention to assess efficacy. The program was feasible to implement and well-accepted. Knowledge and attitude targets around evidence-based prescribing and drug marketing improved after the intervention.

Impact Of The Use Of Local Fidaxomicin Treatment Algorithms For Managing Clostridium Difficile Infection In Hospitalized Patients In Southeastern United States, Jonathan C. Cho, Sandy J. Estrada, Jamie J. Kisgen, Angelina Davis, Laura Puzniak

Pharmacy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) is a major public health threat that results in increased length of stay, hospital readmissions, deaths, and economic burden. CDAD treatment is often guided by severity of disease. Although various tools exist to determine CDAD severity, real-world data evaluating the use of such tools in treatment algorithms are sparse. Methods: A local CDAD treatment pathway was developed independently to guide fidaxomicin prescribing at wellStar Health System (WellStar) and at Lee Health (LH) and Sarasota Memorial Hospital (SMH). Each algorithm was designed locally by the stewardship pharmacist and was utilized to identify patients at high risk …

Special Topics In Emerging Contaminants Php 579, Joanna Burkhardt

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Use Of Virtual Games For Interactive Learning In A Pharmacy Curriculum, Jerika Lam, Mary Gutierrez, Jeff A. Goad, Larisa Odessky, Jason Bock

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background and purpose: To evaluate student pharmacists’ attitudes and satisfaction toward playing educational virtual games in the classroom.

Educational activity and setting: The study setting was playing virtual games in the classroom setting. First year student pharmacists participated in two Mimycx quests in the Healthcare Communication and the Psychiatry/Neurology courses. Students were randomly assigned into teams and worked together to complete the assigned quest games. Completion of the pre- and post-quest questionnaires via Qualtrics was voluntary.

Findings: A total of 79 student pharmacists played the Mimycx quests. Only 66 students completed both pre- and post-quest questionnaires. Students …

Cervical Ripening For Induction Of Labor, Deb Sepulveda, Michael G. Pinette, Heidi Morin, Colette Dumais, Sarah Austin, Hector Tarraza, Maria Tkacz, Zander Abbott

MaineHealth Maine Medical Center

Decrease in Cervidil use for cervical ripening by 20% of anticipated doses prior to Dec 1, 2018 (6 mos) , with a potential for cost savings = 40 doses x approx. $2000/dose = $80,000.

In Vitro And Ex-Vivo Evaluation Of Topical Formulations Designed To Minimize Transdermal Absorption Of Vitamin K1, Ramina Nabiee, Barent Dubois, Laura Green, Ajay Sharma, Siu Fun Wong, Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Topical application of Vitamin K1 has been demonstrated to effectively treat papulopustular skin rash, a serious and frequently encountered side effect of Epidermal Growth Factor Inhibitors (EGFRIs). Systemic absorption of vitamin K1 from skin and the resultant consequence of antagonizing EGFRIs anticancer effects jeopardizes the clinical acceptability of this rather effective treatment. The purpose of the present study was to rationally formulate and evaluate the release rate and transdermal absorption of a wide range of Vitamin K1 dermal preparations with a variety of physiochemical properties. A library of 33 formulations with were compounded and tested for Vitamin K1 permeation using …

Determination Of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids In Dietary Sources Using A Spectrophotometric Method, Oana C. Șeremet, Octavian T. Olaru, Mihaela Ilie, Claudia M. Guțu, Mihai G. Nițulescu, Camelia Diaconu, Catalina Motofei, Denisa Margină, Simona Negreș, Cristina E. Zbârcea, Emil Ștefănescu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a class of toxic compounds found in the composition of more than 6000 plants. People can be exposed to PAs by consuming phytotherapeutic products, food from crops contaminated with seeds of some species with high content of PAs, and/ or contaminated animal products like bee products. For this reason we developed and validated a method for quantitative determination of PAs, from the most frequently contaminated food sources, honey and flour. Colorimetric Ehrlich reagent method was used with standard addition (1mg/kg senecionine). The extraction solvent was methanol 50% acidified with citric acid to pH 2-3, as this …

Hptlc Assay Of Nicotine And Cotinine In Biological Samples, Ana Maria Vlasceanu, Daniela Luiza Baconi, Anne Marie Ciobanu, Vlad D. Constantin, Liana Ples, Cristian Balalau, Miriana Stan

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

This study presents the development of a simple high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the determination of nicotine and its metabolite cotinine in human plasma and urine.

The following mobile phases: methanol: ammonia (100:1.5, v:v), chloroform: acetone: ammonia (48.75: 48.75: 2.5, v:v:v), methanol: chloroform: ammonia (48.75: 48.75: 0.5, v:v:v) and glass plates precoated with silicagel 60 F254 (20x20) as a stationary phase were used. Densitometric scanning was performed at 263 nm. Two different extraction procedures have been applied: liquid-liquid extraction using dichloromethane at alkaline pH and solid-phase extraction using C18 cartridges.

Preliminary tests in order to establish the system …

The Switch From Patented Medicine To The Generic One: An Option Or A Necessity?, Păduraru Dan Nicolae, Ion Daniel, Nica Adriana Elena, Coman Florentina, Coțofană Marius, Badiu Dumitru Cristinel, Grigorean Valentin Titus, Bolocan Alexandra, Andronic Octavian

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

This paper assesses the influence of a number of factors taken into account when a brand name drug is replaced by a generic one. It also evaluates responses of health professionals – physicians and pharmacist—and patients regarding the issue of switching. We compared and contrasted their responses in order to identify new points of cooperation for the intended benefit of the patient. Thus, the sample drew from all three groups, consisting of 50 doctors, 50 pharmacists, and 50 patients. We collected information regarding the age, residence, income level, and education level for the patients, and age and experience for the …

New Oral Anticoagulants And Their Reversal Agents, Crista L. Laslo, Anca Pantea Stoian, Bogdan Socea, Dan N. Paduraru, Oana Bodean, Laura I. Socea, Tiberiu P. Neagu, Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu, Dragos Marcu, Camelia C. Diaconu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Atrial fibrillation is a commonly encountered pathology in medical practice, and its prevalence has shown a continuous rise over the past years. Atrial fibrillation has a significant impact on patients' quality of life, not only due to the standard anticoagulant treatment with vitamin K antagonists that require close monitoring and dose adjustment, but also due to the fragile equilibrium between hemorrhagic and thrombotic risks. The introduction of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in the treatment guidelines for atrial fibrillation has improved the quality of life, as NOACs do not require close monitoring or dose adjustments. However, even if the safety profile …

Increase Referrals To Medaccess At The Smhc Pharmacy, Sarah Jones, Kim Beaudoin

Southern Maine Health Care

Problem/Impact Statement: The MedAccess Program is losing referrals at point of sale in the SMHC Pharmacy.

Scope: Patients who are currently serviced by the SMHC Pharmacy that are uninsured or under insured and meet the % Federal Poverty Level for prescription assistance.

Correcting Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency With A Small-Molecule Activator, Sunhee Hwang, Karen Mruk, Simin Rahighi, Andrew G. Raub, Che-Hong Chen, Lisa E. Dorn, Naoki Horikoshi, Soichi Wakatsuki, James K. Chen, Daria Mochly-Rosen

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, one of the most common human genetic enzymopathies, is caused by over 160 different point mutations and contributes to the severity of many acute and chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress, including hemolytic anemia and bilirubin-induced neurological damage particularly in newborns. As no medications are available to treat G6PD deficiency, here we seek to identify a small molecule that corrects it. Crystallographic study and mutagenesis analysis identify the structural and functional defect of one common mutant (Canton, R459L). Using high-throughput screening, we subsequently identify AG1, a small molecule that increases the activity of the wild-type, the …

Development Of Novel Intramolecular Fret-Based Abc Transporter Biosensors To Identify New Substrates And Modulators, Bremansu Osa-Andrews, Kee W. Tan, Angelina Sampson, Surtaj H. Iram

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) can efflux a wide variety of molecules including toxic chemicals, drugs, and their derivatives out of cells. Substrates of MRP1 include anti-cancer agents, antibiotics, anti-virals, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and many other drugs. To identify novel substrates and modulators of MRP1 by exploiting intramolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), we genetically engineered six different two-color MRP1 proteins by changing green fluorescent protein (GFP) insertion sites, while keeping the red fluorescent protein (RFP) at the C-terminal of MRP1. Four of six recombinant proteins showed normal expression, localization, and transport activity. We quantified intramolecular FRET using ensemble …

The 340b Program, Contract Pharmacies And Hospitals: An Examination Of The First 25 Years Of Their Increasingly Complex Relationship, David P. Paul Iii, Morgan Cathlene Ludado, Morgan Ruley, Hannah Sayre, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

The 340B Drug Pricing Program, created by Congress in 1992 through the Veterans Health Care Act, has provided discounted drug prices to hospitals and other health care organizations serving a wide population of low-income patients. Some 340B programs use contract pharmacies, an arrangement whereby the hospital or health care organization signs a contract directly with a pharmacy to provide covered pharmacy services at discounted prices.

The federal 340B Drug Pricing Program has provided access to reduced price prescription drugs to over 35,000 individual healthcare facilities and sites certified by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and clinics …