Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Exploring Pharmacists' Perceptions Of Text-Based Artificial Intelligence In Resident And Student Education., Keaton S Smetana, Scott Postema, Megan E Smetana

Medical Education Articles

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Impact Of Dietary Supplements On Diabetic Quality Of Life: Insights From The Eq-5d Model, Inas Rifaat Ibrahim

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

The use of dietary supplements (DS) has been observed to be increasing among patients with diabetes. However, the effect of DS on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is still an understudied area. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of DS use among diabetic patients, their attitudes toward these supplements, and their effect on HRQoL. A cross-sectional study was conducted among diabetic patients attending an outpatient facility in Iraq. A validated survey instrument was used to collect data on DS use, attitudes, and HRQoL using EQ-5D measures. The study found that 73.8% of patients used DS, including omega-3 fatty acids, …

Identification Of New Leads Against Ubiquitin Specific Protease-7 (Usp7): A Step Towards The Potential Treatment Of Cancers, Sumaira Javaid, Seema Zadi, Muhammad Awais, Atai-Tul Wahab, Humaira Zafar, Innokentiy Maslennikov, M. Iqbal Choudhary

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Ubiquitin-specific protease-7 (USP7) is an important drug target as it regulates multiple proteins and genes (such as MDM2 and p53) with roles in cancer progression. Its inhibition can hinder the function of oncogenes, increase tumor suppression, and enhance immune response. The current study was designed to express USP7 in a prokaryotic system, followed by screening of small molecules against it using biophysical methods, primarily STD-NMR technique. Among them, 12 compounds showed interaction with USP7 as inferred from NMR-based screening. These compounds further caused destabilization of USP7 by reducing its melting temperature (T_m) up to 6 °C in …

Harnessing The Potential Of Several Local Indonesian Tuber-Derived Starches As Pharmaceutical Excipients, Ronald Horison, Silvia Surini

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Starch is one of the widely required excipients in pharmaceutical dosage forms manufacturing. Indonesia’s rich biodiversity, encompassing tubers like arrowroot, taro beneng, porang, ganyong and yams, harbours the potential for novel starch excipient sources. These tubers provide starch variations with distinct functional properties influenced by the natural starch granules’ properties and amylose-amylopectin ratio. Previous research utilizing natural and modified starches from these tubers has demonstrated their potential in pharmaceutical formulation. These starch tubers have been studied and provided promising results in tablet formulation and film development. Additionally, they could be involved in developing more advanced dosage forms, such as starch …

The Role Of Peptides In Combatting Hiv Infection: Applications And Insights, Naiera M. Helmy, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Peptide-based inhibitors represent a promising approach for the treatment of HIV-1, offering a range of potential advantages, including specificity, low toxicity, and the ability to target various stages of the viral lifecycle. This review outlines the current state of research on peptide-based anti-HIV therapies, highlighting key advancements and identifying future research directions. Over the past few years, there has been significant progress in developing synthetic peptide-based drugs that target various stages of the viral life cycle, including entry and replication. These approaches aim to create effective anti-HIV therapies. Additionally, peptides have proven valuable in the development of anti-HIV vaccines. In …

A Review Of 3d Printing Technology In Drug Design Applications, Hasanain Shakir Mahmood, Jinan M. Al-Mousawy, Jamal Ali Ashoor, Ashti M.H. Saeed, Alaa Abdul Razzaq Al-Nuaimi, Pegah Khosravian

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Sustainable technologies such as Additive manufacturing or three-dimensional printing (3D printing) have resulted in drastic changes in a number of industries including healthcare and pharmaceuticals. The current review focuses on the achievements accomplished on the effectiveness of three-dimensional printing in the field of drug designing and development. This technology is very precise and can be customized and that gives a way of developing complicated drug delivery systems and individualized medications. Promising areas of focus are the development of particular formulations of medicinal preparations, identification of new approaches to the drug release and potential creation of specific drug production for specific …

Crafting Lornoxicam-Infused Microsponges For Elevated Efficacy In Inflammatory Disorders, Vishal Yadav, Pooja Kachare

Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University

Introduction: Lornoxicam (LRX), a member of the Oxicam class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), exhibits potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is hampered by high dosage requirements, a short half-life, and low and pH dependent water solubility, necessitating further research for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.

Methodology: This study introduces floating microsponges of LRX to enhance drug release duration and reduce dosing frequency. Microsponges were formulated using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion with ethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as sustained-release polymers. A 3² factorial design assessed the effects of ethyl cellulose (X₁) and PVA (X₂) …

A Tale Of Two Bills: Lessons Learned In Expanding Pharmacist-Led Hiv Pre-Exposure And Post-Exposure Prophylaxis, Jennifer M. Cocohoba, Jerika Lam, Maria Lopez, Betty J. Dong

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"In December 2023, JACCP published a content analysis of state legislative bills focused on expanding pharmacist scope of practice to provide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).¹ All states permit pharmacists to prescribe under a collaborative practice agreement with approximately half of the states granting HIV PrEP and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) authority to prescribe either via legislation, standing orders, or statewide protocols.^2-4 New York was the first state to expand pharmacists' specific authority for HIV prevention in 2017; however, California was the first state to pass legislation with Senate Bill 159 …

Predisposing, Enabling, And Need Factors Influencing Health-Related Quality Of Life Among People With Metabolic Syndrome, Olajide Adekunle, Yun Wang, Ismaeel Yunusa, Marc L. Fleming, Enrique Seoane-Vazquez, Lawrence M. Brown

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Objective

Methods

Hepatic Targets To Control Blood Glucose And Potentially Aid In The Treatment Of Diabetes, Rena A. Velissarios

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

Maintaining glucose homeostasis is extremely important to remain in good health and prevent disease. This homeostasis is achieved via the regulation of hepatic metabolic pathways like gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis by insulin, which is expressed during high blood glucose. Insulin is responsible for facilitating the uptake of glucose into other tissues from the blood, as well as signaling whether to stimulate or slow glucose metabolism in the liver. Hyperglycemia is one of the main effects of diabetes, a disease characterized by the body’s inability to produce or respond to insulin. Without insulin, hepatic glucose output continues and blood glucose accumulates, causing …

How Allied Health Programs Can Integrate Pharmacists Into Didactic Education Medication Curriculum: Benefits, Challenges, And Implementation, Dawn M. Battise, Susan M. Smith

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Many allied health professionals are required to receive medication-related education. As the “medication experts,” pharmacists are uniquely qualified to provide such training. Although pharmacy involvement in interprofessional education is frequently described, there is limited data about the pharmacist's role in the allied health didactic setting. This paper describes how two allied health programs leveraged the medication knowledge of pharmacy educators to enhance delivery of medication related content. Strategies are provided for pharmacy and allied health educators who are considering implementing a similar interprofessional model.

The Danger Online Pharmacies Pose On Clients With Eating Disorders In The Prescription Of Glp-1 Agonists For Weight Loss, Madyson R. Frisbie

Selected Honors Theses

This literature review explores the prevalence of utilizing online pharmacies to obtain glucagon-like peptide 1 agonist, Semaglutide, for cosmetic weight loss and the danger that route of obtaining medication places on clients with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. In addition, research was conducted to establish practice recommendations to eliminate the possibility of a client with an eating disorder from obtaining a GLP-1 agonist when it is inappropriate for their health status. Various articles were used to gain information about the drug in general, its mechanism of action, indications, positive outcomes, and adverse effects. Additional articles were …

Biological Evaluation Of Anti-Cancer Activities Of Novel Small-Molecule Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors In Prostate And Pancreatic Cancer, Rui Wang

Alternative Theses and Dissertations (AETDs)

Colchicine binding site inhibitors (CBSIs) are an emerging class of microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) with promising potential for cancer therapy. Traditional MTAs like paclitaxel, docetaxel, and Cabazitaxel, are three FDA-approved taxanes for treating various cancers. Acquired chemoresistance and toxicities caused by chemotherapy are some of the main barriers that limit their clinical outcomes. More effective novel agents and therapeutic strategies are needed to overcome these challenges. Tremendous efforts have been made in discovering novel CBSIs and evaluating many cancer types, reporting their promising potential to treat both primary, resistant, and metastatic cancers including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma. …

Subterranean Medicinal Bottles Are Treasures That Reveal The Growth Of Lincoln's Early Drug Stores, Mark Griep, June Weber, Erik Schulz, Effie Athanassopoulos

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Archeologists unearthed medicine bottles embossed with the names of nine early Lincoln (Nebraska) drug stores, giving insight into the rapid growth of pharmacies and health care from the 1880s up to the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906.

Vesicular Monoamine Transporter-2 Inhibitor Jpc-141 Prevents Methamphetamine-Induced Dopamine Toxicity And Blocks Methamphetamine Self-Administration In Rats, Cassie M. Chandler, Justin R. Nickell, A. George Wilson, John P. Culver, Peter A. Crooks, Michael T. Bardo, Linda P. Dwoskin

Psychology Faculty Publications

Previous research has demonstrated therapeutic potential for VMAT2 inhibitors in rat models of methamphetamine use disorder. Here, we report on the neurochemical and behavioral effects of 1-(2-methoxyphenethyl)-4-phenethypiperazine (JPC-141), a novel analog of lobelane. JPC-141 potently inhibited (Ki = 52 nM) [3H]dopamine uptake by VMAT2 in striatal vesicles with 50 to 250-fold greater selectivity for VMAT2 over dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin plasmalemma transporters. Also, JPC-141 was 57-fold more selective for inhibiting VMAT2 over [3H]dofetilide binding to hERG channels expressed by HEK293, suggesting relatively low potential for cardiotoxicity. When administered in vivo to rats, JPC-141 prevented the METH-induced reduction in striatal dopamine …

Pharmacy Newsletter : October 2024, Pharmacy Department

Department of Pharmacy Archives

• Pharmacy Newsletter provides information regarding the decisions of P&TC, current concepts in drug therapy, warnings and cautions issued by various regulatory agencies, drug interactions, ADRs, and matters related to drug usage.
• AKUH Clinical Pharmacy Accolades
• Treatment & Management Guidelines for Rodenticide Poisonings
• Drug & Poison Information Center
• Levetiracetam & Clobazam linked to Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia & Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)
• AKUH Antimicrobial Stewardship Committee (ASP)
• World Pharmacists Day 2024 at AKUH | “Pharmacists: Meeting global health needs”
• Clinical Pharmacists in Multidisciplinary Rounds

A Mixed Methods Evaluation Of Pharmacists' Readiness To Provide Long-Acting Injectable Hiv Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis In California, Raiza Beltran, Lauren A. Hunter, Laura J. Packel, Loriann De Martini, Ian W. Holloway, Betty J. Dong, Jerika Lam, Sandra I. Mccoy, Ayako Miyashita Ochoa

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background:

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake remains low among people who could benefit, some of whom may prefer alternatives to oral PrEP, such as long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (LAI-PrEP). We evaluated the potential for LAI-PrEP provision in pharmacies through a mixed methods study of pharmacists in California, where Senate Bill 159 enables pharmacists to independently provide oral PrEP.

Methods:

In 2022–2023, we conducted an online cross-sectional survey of California pharmacists and pharmacy students (n = 919) and in-depth interviews with pharmacists (n = 30), both of which included modules assessing attitudes about PrEP provision. Using log-binomial regression, we estimated prevalence ratios …

A Framework For A New Paradigm Of Opioid Drug Tapering Using Adjunct Drugs, Michael Veronin, Justin P. Reinert

Pharmacy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The misuse of and dependency on prescription opioids represents a significant crisis at the national level, impacting not only the health of the public but also the societal and economic well-being. There is a critical need for strategies to reduce the dosage of prescribed opioids to limit opioid-associated adverse effects and lower the risk of addiction development in patients experiencing chronic pain. Opioid-sparing medications, when co-administered with opioids, enable a reduced opioid dose without loss of efficacy.This suggests the potential for using opioid adjunct drugs in opioid tapering, whereby opioid doses are lowered incrementally in a systematic manner to improve …

Pacific Rxtracts - October 2024, Pacific Rxtracts

Pacific RxTracts

Articles

1. First Nasal Spray for Anaphylaxis Approved
2. Statins: The Unexpected Therapeutic Benefits You Didn’t Know About
3. Is COVID Driving Us Mad? The Mental Toll on the Unvaccinated vs. Vaccinated
4. Acetaminophen’s Effects on Positive Empathy
5. Semaglutide: More Than Meets The Eye
6. RSV: Complications and New Therapies
7. Contribution of Calcium Channel Blockers and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors to the Risk of Fractures

Global Systemic Review Of Pharmacist’S Roles In Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Guidelines: A Protocol, Michelle Phung, Huichan Jeong, Beth Leung, Brad Langford, Anoushka Arora, Chris Lee, Ivan Portillo, Amy Y. Kang

Library Presentations, Posters, and Audiovisual Materials

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Pdcd4, A Translation Inhibitor, On Drug Resistance, Qing Wang, Hsin-Sheng Yang

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) is a tumor suppressor, which has been demonstrated to efficiently suppress tumorigenesis. Biochemically, Pdcd4 binds with translation initiation factor 4A and represses protein translation. Beyond its role in tumor suppression, growing evidence suggests that Pdcd4 enhances the chemosensitivity of several anticancer drugs. To date, numerous translational targets of Pdcd4 have been identified. These targets govern important signal transduction pathways, and their attenuation may improve chemosensitivity or overcome drug resistance. This review will discuss the signal transduction pathways regulated by Pdcd4 and the potential mechanisms through which Pdcd4 enhances chemosensitivity or counteracts drug resistance.

Allura Red Ac Is A Xenobiotic. Is It Also A Carcinogen?, Lorne J. Hofseth Ph.D., James Hébert Scd, Elizabeth Angela Murphy, Erica Trauner, Athul Vikas, Quinn Harris, Alexander A. Chumanevich

Faculty Publications

Merriam-Webster and Oxford define a xenobiotic as any substance foreign to living systems. Allura Red AC (a.k.a., E129; FD&C Red No. 40), a synthetic food dye extensively used in manufacturing ultra-processed foods and therefore highly prevalent in our food supply, falls under this category. The surge in synthetic food dye consumption during the 70s and 80s was followed by an epidemic of metabolic diseases and the emergence of early-onset colorectal cancer in the 1990s. This temporal association raises significant concerns, particularly given the widespread inclusion of synthetic food dyes in ultra-processed products, notably those marketed toward children. Given its interactions …

Perceptions Of Virtual Reality In Cardiac Pharmacy Education, Morgan E. Mendes

Senior Theses

Background: The reformation of how educational content is portrayed is not a new phenomenon. However, the world of pharmacy has been slow to adapt, particularly considering higher education’s declining attendance rates and less engaging lectures. XR can be a great addition to learners’ curriculum, particularly VR, with various applications including adjunctive pharmacotherapy, patient counseling, pharmacist training, and pharmacological modeling. Despite the various barriers VR integration faces, the benefits of VR necessitate its future implementation into our COP curriculum as an augmentative form of learning.

Methods: An independent study of 11 students at the UofSC COP was conducted in the Spring …

Discovering Therapeutic Strategies In Colorectal Cancer Via Synthetic Lethal Genetic Screens On Patient-Derived Organoid Models, Sana Khalili

Theses and Dissertations

Precision medicine is a revolutionary approach of targeting genetic alterations that are present only in tumor cells to find vulnerabilities that can be targeted with therapy. Identifying genetic dependencies in human colon cancer could help identify effective treatment strategies. Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 dropout screens can reveal all genetic dependencies, some of which could be exploited as therapeutic targets using existing drugs.

In this dissertation, I comprehensively characterized genetic dependencies present in a colon cancer organoid avatar, and validated tumor-specific selectivity of select pharmacologic agents. I identified all somatic mutations, all expressed genes, and conducted a genome-wide CRISPR dropout screen to elucidate …

Global Burden Of Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance 1990–2021: A Systematic Analysis With Forecasts To 2050, Gbd 2021 Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators, Geminn Louis C. Apostol

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Background

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses an important global health challenge in the 21st century. A previous study has quantified the global and regional burden of AMR for 2019, followed with additional publications that provided more detailed estimates for several WHO regions by country. To date, there have been no studies that produce comprehensive estimates of AMR burden across locations that encompass historical trends and future forecasts.

Methods

We estimated all-age and age-specific deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to and associated with bacterial AMR for 22 pathogens, 84 pathogen–drug combinations, and 11 infectious syndromes in 204 countries and territories from …

Immunomodulation Of Macrophages In Diabetic Wound Individuals By Structurally Diverse Bioactive Phytochemicals, Krishnendu Adhikary, Riya Sarkar, Sriparna Maity, Ishani Sadhukhan, Riya Sarkar, Krishnendu Ganguly, Saurav Barman, Rajkumar Maiti, Sanjoy Chakraborty, Tandra R. Chakraborty, Debasis Bagchi, Pradipta Banerjee

Publications and Research

Diabetes-related ulcers and slow-healing wounds pose a significant health risk to individuals due to their uncertain causes. Mortality rates for diabetes foot ulcers (DFUs) range from 10% after 16 months to 24% after five years. The use of bioactive phytochemicals can play a key role in healing wounds in a predictable time. Recent literature has demonstrated that various natural substances, including flavonoids, saponins, phenolic compounds, and polysaccharides, play key roles at different stages of the wound-healing process through diverse mechanisms. These studies have categorized the compounds according to their characteristics, bioactivities, and modes of action. In this study, we evaluated …

Authentication Of Shallots From Brebes Using Gas Chromatography Fingerprinting Technique Combined With Chemometrics, Yana Setyani Pradina, Adelia Puteri, Gina Fauzia Rachma, Nazwa Balqis, Gerli Puspita Anggraini, Hendri Wasito

Makara Journal of Science

Shallots from Brebes, also called Bima Brebes, have a more pungent aroma compared to other varieties. Its high demand results in increased prices in the market, leading to frequent cases of fraud wherein Bima Brebes shallots are replaced with other types of shallots. This study aimed to develop an analytical method using gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC-FID) fingerprinting combined with chemometrics to authenticate Bima Brebes shallots. Essential oils were extracted through ultrasonic hydrodistillation, followed by organoleptic, refractive index, GC-FID fingerprinting and chemometric analysis. The yield value of the five studied shallot varieties ranged from 0.02% to 0.08% w/w. Meanwhile, the …

Molecular Targets For Breast Cancer Therapy, Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"Breast cancer is by far the most common cancer in women, and for a while, it surpassed lung cancer as the most diagnosed cancer, regardless of gender, in 2020 [1]. Chemotherapy and hormone therapy are still the first line of treatment, despite extensive research in molecularly targeted drugs. Therefore, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still known as the most challenging type for treatment due to the limited identified targets. Inherent and acquired resistance are still major hurdles in breast cancer therapy, which further highlights the importance of identifying new molecular targets in this battle. The inherent resistance of unresponsive …

At A Crossroads: The Crucial Role Of Pharmacists In Healthcare Teams To End The Hiv Epidemic, Jerika Lam, Jennifer M. Cocohoba

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"Therapeutic advances in treatment and prevention have slowed the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, yet the virus and complications related to it still claim an alarming 630,000 lives globally every year.^1,2 The United States’ goals for the Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) initiative include reducing new infections by 90% by the year 2030 and advancing health equity through key treatment and prevention initiatives.³ Multiple agencies, professions, and patient groups are working diligently to achieve the EHE goals. Pharmacists have long recognized that our profession is a key resource in ending the HIV epidemic. We demonstrate this in the …

A Meta-Analysis Comparing Surgical Site Wound Infection Following Single-Incision Versus Multiple-Incision Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy For Patients With Lung Cancer, Zainab Ayad

Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences

Background

A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of single-incision (SI) versus multiple-incision (MI) video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy on surgical site wound length (SSWL) and surgical site wound infection (SSWI) in lung cancer (LC) patients.

Methods

Inclusive literature research till March 2023 was done and 598 interconnected researches were revised. The 8 picked researches, enclosed 1542 LC persons were in the utilized researches' starting point, 310 of them were utilizing SI, and 232 were utilizing MI. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilized to appraise the effect of SI compared to MI VATS lobectomy for …