Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Ua35/11 Student Honors Research Bulletin, Wku Honors Program

WKU Administration Documents

The WKU Student Honors Research Bulletin is dedicated to scholarly involvement and student research. These papers are representative of work done by students from throughout the university.

• Brooks, Lynnette and Cindy Calisi. The Effect of Selenium Supplementation on the Immune Response of Mice with Experimental Chagas' Disease
• Hildreth, John. Teasing the Muse
• Jenkins, Rhonda. Steinbeck's Portraits of Prostitutes: Progression of an Author's Vision
• Kirkham, Michelle. The Prenatal Use of Crack Cocaine: How It Affects Children and How Schools Can Respond
• Gibson, Jeanette and Juli McCay. Circadian Rhythm of Brain GABA Levels in the Cockroach, Leucophaea Maderae
• Patterson, Dana. Home Schooling …

Preventing Perinatal Transmission Of Hiv Costs And Effectiveness Of A Recommended Intervention, Robin D. Gorsky, P G. Farnham, Walter L. Straus, Blake Caldwell, D R. Holtgrave, R. J. Simonds, M F. Rogers, Mary Guinan

School of Public Health Faculty Research

In the United States, nearly all new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in children are acquired through perinatal (mother-to-infant) transmission. Each year, approximately 7000 infants are born to HIV-infected women in the United States.¹ Without intervention, an estimated 15-30% of these infants would become infected.² In 1994, results of the AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) Protocol 076 showed that treatment of infected pregnant women and their infants with zidovudine (ZDV) reduced the rate of perinatal HIV transmission from 25% to 8%.^3,4 Following these findings, the Public Health Service (PHS) issued recommendations for ZDV therapy to prevent perinatal …

Analysis Of The Effects Of Overexpression Of Metallothionein-I In Transgenic Mice On The Reproductive Toxicology Of Cadmium., T Dalton, Kai Fu, G C Enders, R D Palmiter, G K Andrews

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

Exposure to low levels of cadmium reduces fertility. In male mice spermatogenesis is highly sensitive to cadmium, whereas in females the peri-implantation period of pregnancy is sensitive. To examine the potential roles of the cadmium-binding protein, metallothionein (MT), in the reproductive toxicology of cadmium, we examined a transgenic mouse strain that overexpresses metallothionein-I (MT-I). These mice had dramatically increased steady-state levels of MT-I mRNA and MT in the testes and in the female reproductive tract during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy, and this overexpression occurred in a cell-specific and temporally regulated manner similar to that of the endogenous MT-I gene. …

Health Professions Division Academic Year 1996-1997, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Uwomj Volume 66, No 1, Winter 1996-97, Western University

University of Western Ontario Medical Journal

An interdisciplinary medical science publication, established in 1930.

Uwomj Volume 65, No 2, Spring 1996, Western University

University of Western Ontario Medical Journal

An interdisciplinary medical science publication, established in 1930.

Chemotherapy-Induced Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma In A Patient With Hodgkin's Disease--A Case Report, I A. Burney, I A. Malik

Section of Internal Medicine

Modern chemotherapy and radiation treatment of Hodgkin’s disease has resulted in overall cure rates in excess of 60%1 . However, the greatly improved survival rates have also led to increasing incidence of long-term side-effects of these treatment modalities2 . The most serious consequence is the occurrence of second cancer3 . We report a case of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma occurring in a patient who was previously treated for Hodgkin’s disease.

Clinic-Based Investigation Of The Typology And Self-Reporting Of Fgm In Egypt, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This clinic-based study of female genital mutilation (FGM) was designed and carried out by the Egypt Fertility Care Society to gather detailed information on the types of FGM practiced in Egypt. The study involved interviews with clinic clients to elicit information about their experience and attitudes concerning FGM, and gynecological examinations by specially trained OB/GYN physicians. In all, 93% of the women in this study were found to have some type of FGM. The study's findings were incorporated in the final report of the 1995 Egyptian Demographic and Health Survey, with the aim of contributing to the scientific understanding of …

Vital Signs, Winter 1996, Boonshoft School Of Medicine

Vital Signs

A twenty four page newsletter created by the Boonshoft School of Medicine to document the current affairs of the school. This issue includes a variety of feature articles, alumni profiles, class notes, and more.

Oncolog, Volume 41, Number 02, April-June 1996, Kathryn L. Hale, Stephanie P. Deming

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• lntraoperative lymphatic mapping elegant way to identify lymph node metastases in melanoma patients
• New Patient Referral Office changes with M. D. Anderson's referral policy
• Combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy bringing hope for inoperable lung cancer

Oncolog, Volume 41, Number 03, July-September 1996, Maureen E. Goode, Vickie J. Williams

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• M. D. Anderson researchers stress importance of annual colorectal cancer screening
• Informed consent explains concerns about genetic testing
• New program focuses on inherited predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer

Oncolog, Volume 41, Number 01, January-March 1996, Stephanie P. Deming, Kathryn L. Hale, Vickie J. Williams

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Malignant brain tumors a new target for gene therapy
• Benign pituitary tumors threaten endocrine and nervous systems
• New guidebook helps patients and caregivers cope with advanced cancer

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Winter 1996), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Winter 1996 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• This Year's O. J. Snyder Memorial Medal Awardee, Albert F. D'ALonzo, DO, '56
• AIexander E. Rodi, Sr., DO, '58 Receives the 1996 "Certificate of Honor"
• Founders Day 1996 Highlights
• College Board Profile
• Alumni Board Profile
• Military DOs Make PCOM Proud
• News from the Dean's Office
• Calling All Survivors!
• Campus Briefs
• Just Published
• Class Acts
• In Memoriam
• Coming Events

Hepatocyte Growth Factor And Its Receptor Are Expressed In Cardiac Myocytes During Early Cardiogenesis, Daniel A. Rappolee, Anand Iyer, Yogesh Patel

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research Publications

In the mouse, the heart primordium arises when mesodermis set aside during gastrulation, is induced by pharyngeal endoderm, migrates ventrally to the midline of the embryo, forms a tube, and begins beating. Little is known of the molecular mechanisms that mediate the determination, mitosis, differentiation, and migration that lead to the beating heart. Transcripts for hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF) and its receptor are coexpressed transiently and dynamically in the premyocardium but not in other heart progenitor cells. Transcripts for HGF ligand and receptor are first detected before cardiac function and looping and persist through the first looping stage, when …

Site-Specific (Local) Delivery Of Antibiotics From Biodegradable Gms Based Implants For The Prevention Of Post-Operative Wound Infections, Saleh Allababidi

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Systemic administration of prophylactic antibiotics has been reported to significantly decrease, but not eliminate postoperative infections mainly due to the failure in achieving adequate levels of antibiotics at the surgical wound. The local administration guarantees the delivery of adequate levels of antibiotics and is therefore advantageous as a prophylactic measure. Hence, the overall objective of this study was to develop a glyceryl monostearate (GMS) based biocompatible, bioerodible system to provide short term (1-3 days) local delivery of antibiotics. GMS based matrices were prepared by direct compression. Erosion enhancers were incorporated into the GMS matrix to facilitate the bioerosion and bioabsorption …

Studies On Ara-C-Induced Dna Damage And Apoptosis In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Which Overexpress P26bcl-2, Gloria Joan Bullock

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

High expression of p26Bcl-2 in patient-derived AML cells has been associated with poor response to chemotherapy including Ara-C. It has been well established that Bcl-2 over expression blocks apoptosis or programmed cell death induced by a wide variety of stimuli including chemotherapeutic drugs. However, the exact mechanism of action of Bcl-2 in promoting this blockade is still largely unknown. To determine the types of Ara-C-induced DNA damage with which Bcl-2 specifically interferes, HL-60/neo and HL-60/Bcl-2 cells were created via retroviral-mediated transfection of the bcl-2 gene. These transfectants served as in vitro AML cell models that expressed different levels of p26Bcl-2. …

Community Acquired And Post-Transfusion Hepatitis C "Is There A Difference?", A R. Qureshi, S Hamid, W Jafri, F Ejaz, H Shah, Z Abbas, S Abid, H Khan

Section of Gastroenterology

We analyzed 77 consecutive hepatitis C antibody positive patients to compare the history, laboratory data and histological features of community acquired (CA) and post-transfusion (PT) hepatitis C. Forty-six patients had "CA" and 31 "PT" hepatitis C. Mean age in both groups was same (45.67 vs 46 years). Male to female ratio was 2:1 in the CA group and 1:2.4 in the PT group. Mean duration between jaundice and first presentation was 8.9 years in the CA group and the mean duration between transfusion and first presentation was 9.8 years in PT group. No significant difference was found between two groups …

Factors Associated With Emergency Room Choice Among Medicare Patients, Judith L. Mack, Karen M. File, Jeffrey E. Horwitz, Russ Alan Prince

WCBT Faculty Publications

Changing macroenvironmental factors have caused hospital administrators to reassess their positions across all service lines and market segments. This pilot study explores relationships among the service experience, satisfaction and future patronage decisions among 368 Medicare patients, an often overlooked segmaent, who were recent users of a hospital emergency room.

American Longevity: Past, Present, And Future, Samuel H. Preston

Center for Policy Research

How long we live, and how long members of our families and social groups live, is extraordinarily important to us. It's not a subject of daily discussion, but it would be if we were threatened with a return to earlier conditions. Unfortunately, the subject of longevity falls between the cracks of academe and has received far less attention than it warrants. We are all aware, at least dimly, that people are living longer than they used to. The numbers are impressive: at the turn of the century, life expectancy at birth in the United States was 48 years; it's now …

The Lived Experience Of The Aged Care Nurse, Christine Martin

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe and interpret the common, shared meanings of the experience of aged care nursing from the perspective of the registered nurse working in a nursing home. There are insufficient registered nurses being attracted into aged care, with resulting difficulties in maintaining regular staffing levels in nursing homes. Previous studies conducted in Australia have predominantly used quantitative research methods to investigate various influences QD the recruitment and retention of aged care nurses. These studies do not take into account the practitioners' perceptions of their experience of aged care nursing. A purposive sample of …

Our Hearts Were Once Young And Gay: Health Care Rationing And The Elderly, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

Although there exists no rigid guideline delineating society's obligation to provide health care, at a minimum Americans are entitled to an adequate level of care without excessive burdens being placed upon them. Fulfilling this ostensibly simple mandate, however, presents an enormous challenge. The need to allocate limited financial and human resources increasingly clashes with the moral desire to provide health care resources to elder Americans beyond their years of economic productivity. As a result, health care professionals face the difficult task of weighing against society's other priorities the efficiency of distributing limited health care resources to the elderly. This demand …

Nutritional Problems And Information Needs Of Patients Receiving Chemotherapy And Radiation Therapy, Margaret Joan Robinson

Theses : Honours

Nutritional status is a major factor in determining the successful outcome of treatment for cancer. The combined effect of cancer, and the treatment for cancer, has the potential to severely impair nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and severity of treatment-related side-effects which affect nutritional status in cancer patients and to determine the sources and helpfulness of information about nutrition which had been utilised by patients. A descriptive study was used to investigate two groups of patients, one group who was receiving chemotherapy, and the other, radiation therapy. A questionnaire developed by the researcher …

The Role Of Social Support Networks In The Independent Functioning Of Elderly Persons, Maree Gabbedy

Theses : Honours

There is conclusive evidence which highlights the importance of physical and mental health in the ability of elderly persons to function within society, and elderly persons who require services to maintain their independence, are assumed to have lower levels of functioning than persons who do not apply for, or require assistance. Individuals, however, are rarely totally independent, as most people are involved in social networks, where the reciprocal exchange of money, emotional support, goods and services are exchanged with friends family and neighbours. This study, examined the role of social support networks in the independent functioning of the elderly, in …

A Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa) For The Quantitation Of Peanut In Foods, S. L. Taylor, Julie A. Nordlee, S. L. Hefle

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Peanuts are one of the most allergenic foods known. Strict avoidance of peanut by peanut-allergic individuals is difficult and often unsuccessful. Peanut proteins have previously been found in nonpeanut foodstuffs prepared on shared processing equipment, and such carryover contamination increases the risk of occurrence of allergic reactions. Immunoassays offer a specific, sensitive, and rapid technique to detect and quantitate small amounts of proteins in food systems.

A sandwich-type, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of peanut protein in foods. Selected food samples were ground and extracts prepared by overnight extraction in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, followed …

Allergenic Foods, Susan L. Hefle, Julie A. Nordlee, Steve L. Taylor

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Virtually all food allergens are proteins, although only a small percentage of the many proteins in foods are allergens. Any food that contains protein has the potential to cause allergic reactions in some individuals. However, a few foods or food groups are known to cause allergies on a more frequent basis than other foods. At a 1995 consultation on food allergies sponsored by the Food and Agriculture Organization, a group of international experts confirmed that peanuts, soybeans, crustacea, fish, cow’s milk, eggs, tree nuts, and wheat are the most common allergenic foods. These foods are responsible for more than 90% …

Phase Ia/Ib Trial Of Anti-Gd2 Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody 14.18 (Ch L4.18) And Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (Rhgm-Csf) In Metastatic Melanoma, James Murray, Eugenie Kleinerman, Shu-Fang Jia, Michael Rosenblum, Omar Eton, Antonio Buzaid, Sewa Legha, Merrick Ross, Lora Thompson, Mansoor Saleh

Haematology and Oncology, East Africa

We performed a phase Ia/Ib trial of chimeric anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody 14.18 (ch14.18) in combination with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) to determine the maximum tolerated dose as well as immunologic and biologic responses to the regimen. Sixteen patients with metastatic malignant melanoma received escalating doses of ch14.18 (15-60 mg/m2) administered intravenously for 4 h on day 1. Twenty-four hours later, subcutaneous injections of rhGM-CSF were administered daily for a total of 14 days. Significant side effects were related to ch14.18 infusion and consisted of moderate to severe abdominal and/or extremity pain, blood pressure changes, headache, nausea, diarrhea, peripheral …

Perceived Barriers And Perceived Motivators To Receiving Prenatal Care, Christine M. Davis

Masters Theses

The Health Belief Model served as the conceptual framework for this retrospective descriptive study that identified women's perceived barriers and perceived motivators to obtaining prenatal care. A 50 item questionnaire, including both forced-choice and open-ended questions, was administered to 29 women who had delivered a healthy infant within the previous 6 to 8 weeks. The sample was predominantly white (82.2%), {dollar}>{dollar}19 years of age (62.1%), single (62.1%), unemployed (51.7%), and receiving Medicaid insurance (69%). Univariate statistics were calculated for each item. Each item was then compared to the timing of the start of prenatal care. The most important motivators …

Knowledge, Sources Used And Factors Considered In The Surgical Treatment Decisions Of Women With Breast Cancer, Debra J. Bisel

Masters Theses

The purpose of this replication study was to examine how women with breast cancer reached their decision for surgical treatment (Ward, Heidrich and Wolberg 1989). Twenty-one women who met the surgical criteria, i.e. option for Breast Conserving surgery or Modified Radical Mastectomy, completed four surveys 1 to 7 days post operatively. The women were divided into two groups, 13 who had Breast Conserving surgery and 8 who had Modified Radical Mastectomy. The surveys assessed demographic characteristics of the groups, the level of knowledge regarding breast cancer, factors considered important in reaching the decision for surgery and the sources of information …

Treatment Practices For Degedege, A Locally Recognized Febrile Illness, And Implications For Strategies To Decrease Mortality From Severe Malaria In Bagamoyo District, Tanzania, A.M. Makemba, P.J. Winch, V.M. Makame, G.L. Mehl, Zul Premji, J.N. Minjas, C.J. Shiff

Pathology, East Africa

Malaria remains one of the chief causes of mortality among young children in sub-Saharan Africa. Verbal autopsies for cases of childhood mortality in Bagamoyo District, Tanzania demonstrated that degedege, a locally defined illness of children characterized by fever and convulsions, is frequently treated by traditional healers. To investigate this further, an ethnographic study was carried out in one village that included in-depth interviews with 14 traditional healers and 3 focus groups with parents. Parents and traditional healers were unanimous in their conviction that degedege requires traditional treatments, at least initially, and that these treatments are effective. While traditional healers do …

Localized Tuberculosis And Myelofibrosis With Myeloid Metaplasia : An Extremely Unusual Presentation, Suhail Muzaffar

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) is usually considered primary agnogenic, however, it may be secondary to various diseases, The association of tuberculosis with MMIM is exceedingly rare, however, the pathogenetic relationship between the two is difficult to define. We present a case report showing simultaneous presentation of localized active tuberculosis and MMM The literature on the subject is also reviewed with special emphasis on pathogenic relation­ship between the two.