Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Automated Hippocampal Sparing Whole Brain Radiotherapy With Simultaneous Integrated Boost For Multiple Brain Metastases: Halcyon, Hyperarc On Truebeam, And Coplanar Truebeam, Shane Mccarthy, Ryan Clark, Anthony Magliari, William St. Clair, Damodar Pokhrel

Radiation Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: To demonstrate the ease and feasibility that hippocampal sparing whole brain (WB) simultaneous integrated boost (HSWB-SIB) plans can be generated using knowledge-based planning and Eclipse Scripting Application Programming Interface (ESAPI) for three different modalities, HyperArc on TrueBeam (TB-HA), a coplanar beam arrangement on TrueBeam (TB-Co), and the ring-mounted Halcyon LINAC (Hal).

Methods: Twelve patients with 2–14 brain metastases were retrospectively replanned for HSWB-SIB using a published HSWB RapidPlan model with modifications for the automated addition of SIB to metastases. Prescribed dose was 30 Gy to the WB planning target volume (PTV) and 50 Gy to the metastases in 10 …

Feasibility Of Treatment Planning With Hyperarc Stereotactic Radiosurgery Methods For Ocular Tumors, Chase Cochran, Shane Mccarthy, William St. Clair, Damodar Pokhrel

Radiation Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose/objectives

Currently, ocular disease is primarily managed with COMS plaque brachytherapy. Various stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) platforms have also been employed, yet widespread access remains a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of using the HyperArc SRS system to provide an additional platform for the treatment of ocular malignancies.

Materials/methods

Twenty previously treated COMS patients with ocular melanoma were selected for a retrospective HyperArc SRS planning study. The average gross tumor volume (GTV) derived from MRI was 1.19 ± 0.60 cc. Planning target volumes (PTV) were generated from a 2 mm expansion of the GTVs. HyperArc plans were created for a …

Hemifacial Spasm Due To Dolichoectasia Of Vertebral And Basilar Arteries, Meena Iyer, Shasthara Paneyala Dr.

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Dolichoectasia refers to the non-focal dilatation and tortuosity of arteries, primarily affecting the vertebral and basilar arteries due to severe tunica intima degeneration. It is associated with genetic predisposition and atherosclerosis, leading to vessel wall weakening. Patients may remain asymptomatic or develop neurological deficits due to mass effect. We report a case of a 60-year-old male presenting with hemifacial spasm secondary to vertebral artery dolichoectasia. Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) revealed ectatic and tortuous basilar and vertebral arteries, with the left vertebral artery compressing the left facial nerve complex. Using Smoker’s criteria, a diagnosis of dolichoectasia was confirmed. Dolichoectasia-induced hemifacial spasm …

Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Preoperative Dexmedetomidine Nebulization Versus Lignocaine Nebulization In Attenuation Of Stress Response During Direct Laryngoscopy And Endotracheal Intubation In Elective Surgeries Under General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Control Study At A Tertiary Care Hospital, Mandya, Sumayya E., Kiran A V., Santhosh M C B., Shivakumar G

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Introduction: Direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are known to provoke harmful stimuli that can lead to transient, unpredictable, and variable hemodynamic alterations, primarily due to heightened sympathoadrenal activity.¹ Various pharmacological agents have been explored to mitigate this stress response; however, none have emerged as optimal.²

Aim: This study aims to compare the effects of nebulized dexmedetomidine in comparison to nebulized lignocaine on the hemodynamic stress response during direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, including any adverse effects in patients undergoing general endotracheal anesthesia.

Materials and Methods: Informed consent was obtained from 60 patients aged 18 to …

Lymphoma Chronicles: Insights From A Distinct Hodgkin's Lymphoma Case Report, Srirangam Shankaralingam, Vibha Nagaragatta

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a kind of lymphatic malignancy distinguished by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells. It often manifests as painless lymphadenopathy and systemic symptoms (B symptoms and can affect a variety of lymphoid tissues. The causes of HL are complicated and include genetic predisposition, environmental conditions and viral infections, particularly the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The diagnosis is primarily based on histological evaluation of lymph node samples, with immunophenotyping assisting classification. Herein, we report a case of classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) in an otherwise healthy 31-year-old male who had a mass per abdomen for a year and recently noticed a …

Felt Need For Psychiatry Clubs In Medical Colleges To Enhance Teaching-Learning, Aditya Rao, Sheryl Agarwal, Sharanya Bose, M Kishor

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Mental health competence is critical for medical graduates, yet in India the treatment gap for common mental disorders remains substantial, with prevalence estimates indicating up to 80.4% of unmet need. Recent reforms under the Competency-based Medical Education (CBME) curriculum have expanded psychiatry training; however, deficiencies in applied skills, preventive psychiatry, and communication remain. Psychiatry clubs have been proposed as supplementary, student-led platforms to address these limitations. This cross-sectional study assessed the perceived need for psychiatry clubs among undergraduate medical students and explored their potential role in enhancing teaching–learning. A structured online survey was administered to 94 students across different phases …

Localized Reticulate Hyperpigmentation From Heater Use: A Case Of Erythema Ab Igne, Chitwan Kaur Ghuman, Monish Yarlagadda, Ashwini P K

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: Erythema ab igne (EAI) is a reticulated, hyperpigmented dermatosis resulting from prolonged exposure to infrared radiation insufficient to cause burns. While increasingly rare due to central heating, it remains relevant in vulnerable populations, particularly the elderly and immobilized.

Case Summary: We report the case of an 83-year-old bedbound female who developed characteristic pigmentary changes over her right upper and lower limbs due to chronic proximity to a room heater.

Conclusion: Awareness of EAI is crucial to prevent unnecessary investigations and to emphasize the importance of appropriate thermal environment modifications, especially in bedbound geriatric patients.

Extracapsular Excision Of Retroperitoneal Ancient Schwannoma: A Case Report, Mayur Chaure, Shital Dharamkhele, Keval Dhone, Imran Ahmed Khan

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Schwannomas are tumors originating from Schwann cells in the nerve sheath. They are generally solitary and encapsulated, but they are rarely seen in the retroperitoneal region. We report a 40-years-old woman with dull aching pain for two months without urinary symptoms. Following imaging studies, a well-encapsulated, retroperitoneal mass complicated with intratumoral bleed and necrosis was found.

Complete surgical resection was performed with preservation of adjacent viscera. The histopathology report confirmed the tumor as an ancient schwannoma. Careful preoperative surgical planning and meticulous surgical skill, along with the application of ERAS protocol, are essential to prevent morbidity and mortality. No evidence …

Prevalence Of Depression Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients In Urban Mysuru – A Cross-Sectional Study, Jesymol Joy, Renuka M, Chiranjeevi G S

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: Depression is a significant comorbidity among individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) adversely affecting disease management and overall quality of life. Diabetes and depression have a bidirectional relationship, where poorly managed diabetes increases the risk of depression, and depression exacerbates diabetes-related complications. Depression contributes to poor glycemic control, decreased adherence to treatment, increased risk of diabetes-related complications, and higher healthcare utilization.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in urban Mysuru.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients >18 years of …

Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis In Pediatric Asthma : A Diagnostic Challenge Mimicking Tuberculosis, Praveen Das, Santosh Kondekar, Surbhi Rathi

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a rare hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus fumigatus, more commonly observed in adults and patients with cystic fibrosis. It can, however, present in pediatric asthmatics with refractory symptoms, leading to diagnostic challenges due to overlapping features with other pulmonary diseases, including tuberculosis. ABPA should be considered in children with uncontrolled asthma and atypical radiologic features, especially when unresponsive to standard therapies. Early recognition and appropriate management are critical to prevent irreversible lung damage and improve quality of life.

Pregnancy-Related Delusional Beliefs In Midlife And Late-Life Women: A Case Series, Dyuksha Arora, Ashita Adarsh, Kishor M. Manohar Rao, Anand R, Soumya Rajshekar Patil, Akshatha Cj

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Pseudocyesis and delusional pregnancy represent rare but clinically significant presentations across psychiatric practice. While pseudocyesis involves a false belief of pregnancy accompanied by physical manifestations, delusion of pregnancy refers to a fixed belief of being pregnant despite clear contrary evidence. Both conditions pose considerable challenges as they involve close consultation and liaison between Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Psychiatry. There are a few studies from tertiary care general hospitals in India. Here we report two case series.

Case 1: A 43-year-old married woman from a rural background with an 8-year history of recurrent depressive disorder and dysthymia, presented with 3 months …

One Airway, One Disease In Pregnancy: A Prospective Observational Study On The Correlation Between Upper And Lower Airway Inflammation In Pregnant Women, Durga K, Yuvarajan S

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: The well-established "One Airway, One Disease" concept recognizes the deep physiological and pathological connections between conditions affecting both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, most notably allergic rhinitis and asthma. During pregnancy, a woman's body undergoes significant immunological, hormonal, and physiological changes, which can profoundly influence and modulate existing or emerging airway inflammation.

Objective: This prospective observational study was designed with the primary objective of meticulously evaluating the correlation between upper and lower airway inflammation in pregnant women. We aimed to achieve this by assessing a range of clinical symptoms, objective functional parameters, and specific inflammatory markers.

Methods: We …

Comparision Of Buprenorphine Versus Butorphanol As An Adjuvant To Intrathecal Hyperbaric Bupivacaine For Elective Infraumbilical Surgeries : A Randomised Control Study At A Tertiary Care Hospital, Mandya, Surabhi C A, Dr. Kiran A V. Associate Professor, Dr. Shivakumar G Pofessor And Hod, Umesh N P

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Introduction: Spinal anaesthesia is the most popularly performed procedure in the field of anaesthesiology. Hyperbaric bupivacaine, the local anaesthetic most commonly used, has limitation as its effect lasts only for 1.5-2 hours. Hence a lot of adjuvants have been tried to enhance the analgesic effect of bupivacaine.^[2] Opioids remain the mainstay among the various adjuvants to local anesthetics in spinal anaesthesia primarily by virtue of its various properties such as reducing the dose of local anaesthetic, minimizing side effects, and prolonging the duration of anaesthesia.^[3]

Aim: This study aims to compare the sensory and motor characteristics …

The History Of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation And Where We Are Today, Maren Downing, Eren Sakarcan, Kristen Quinn

General Surgery Resident Research

Cardiac arrest remains a leading cause of death worldwide and is a global health crisis. First described in the medical literature in the 18th century, modern cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with closed chest compressions has remained the standard of care since 1960. Despite exponential advances in basic science research and technological innovations, cardiac arrest survival remains a dismal 10%. The standard of care closed chest compressions provide only 20–30% of baseline cardiac output to the body. Have modern therapies plateaued in effectiveness? This article reviews the history of cardiac arrest, its therapies, and opportunities for future treatments. Through an exploration into …

Establishing A Variant Allele Frequency Cutoff For Manual Curation Of Medical Exome Sequencing Data, Kate Sears, Caylin Hickey, Ryan Vincent, Jennifer Stocks-Candelaria, Jason Tate, Cody Bumgardner, Shulin Zhang, Justin B. Miller

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Faculty Publications

Medical exome sequencing pipelines consist of various preprocessing steps to prioritize credible causal variants before a pathologist or variant curation scientist manually interprets potential findings that are then reported to patients. The variant allele frequency (VAF), reported as the fraction of sequencing reads supporting a variant call, can be used to screen for technical artifacts, yet a specific filtering threshold has yet to be established. A total of 13,122 manually curated variants, sequenced from 289 patients using the Agilent SureSelect Focused Exome enrichment kit at the University of Kentucky Clinical Genomics laboratory from October 2019 to May 2023, were evaluated. …

Implementation Of A Code Sepsis Response Protocol In A Large Emergency Department Increases Rate Of Timely Antibiotic Administration In Patients With Suspected Sepsis, Leah Shults, Kailey Cox, Destiny Kramer, Grace Mariano, Amy Pinkos, Jordan Sanders, Kimberly Patterson

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Make It Your Hobby, To Check On The Lobby, Kenda Bishop, Berlyn Davis, Daveena Maple

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Zoll® Immediate Pad Placement (Zipp) Pilot: Optimizing Aed Pad Placement And Reducing Time To Defibrillation, Jonathan Eyestone, Dana Gilbreth, Amanda Maloney, Tina Pham

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

[Review Of The Book The Pioneer And The Innkeeper: Adventures In Uncertainty And Faith Around The World, By C. & M. Wilson], John E. Snellings

Department of Family and Community Medicine Faculty Publications

[First paragraph] The full breadth and powerful impact of family medicine as a global specialty is on full display in The Pioneer and the Innkeeper: Adventures in Uncertainty and Faith Around the World. In this compelling memoir, readers follow the life and career of Dr Cal Wilson, a family physician and global health expert, as he and his family pursue medical missions across the world. Not to be outdone by her husband, Mimi Wilson’s life story is co-featured in the book, and her own heart for service (in forms slightly different from those of her husband), create a dynamic …

Analysis Of Errors In The Management Of Cutaneous Disorders, Robert J. Pariser, Sarah Alnaif

Department Dermatology Faculty Publications

In this study, we prospectively and retrospectively evaluated the occurrence of errors in the management of cutaneous disorders from patient visits and medical records in a single dermatology practice in southeast Virginia over a 3-year period (June 2020-July 2023). Providers should be able to improve diagnostic accuracy by utilizing established rapid bedside diagnostic techniques.

Systemic Therapy Targeting Psoriatic Inflammation Is Associated With Decreased Incidence Of Dementia: An Observational Retrospective Cohort Study, Madison P. Olexson, Ana Ormaza Vera, Chunghwan Ro, Clinton W. Enos

Department Dermatology Faculty Publications

[Introduction] To the Editor: Psoriasis, an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disorder, has been implicated in cognitive impairment and dementia.1, 2, 3 Emerging evidence suggests that systemic inflammation contributes to neuroinflammation and resultant cytokine-driven neurodegeneration, although findings remain inconclusive.1, 2, 3 While systemic therapies such as biologics and conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs are routinely used in psoriasis management, their role in modulating dementia in this population remains underexplored, with research yielding mixed results.1, 2, 3 We conducted a large-scale, retrospective cohort study to investigate the relationship between psoriasis and dementia and whether systemic treatments for psoriasis impact this association.

Igf-1 As A Biomarker For Symptom Severity In Adult Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence From An Observational Study, Justin Weppner, Kimberly Rosenthal, Jennifer Bath, Tonja Locklear, Melissa Martinez

Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Faculty Publications

Traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related growth hormone deficiency is often undertreated, despite documented physical, metabolic, and neuropsychiatric effects. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), with neuroreceptors located in brain regions responsible for learning, memory, and mood, regulates cerebral blood flow, neurogenesis, and neuroplasticity. The aim of this study was to determine associations between IGF-1 levels and post-TBI symptom severity, anxiety, and depression. This retrospective observational study at an Academic Brain Injury Center included participants evaluated 3-12 months post-TBI with available IGF-1 values and complete Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ-13), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) responses. Patients under 18 or …

Converting “Nonlesional” Imaging Occult Epilepsy Into A Focal Lesional Entity Using Advanced Imaging Techniques: Illustrative Case, Muhammad Usman Khalid, Flavius D. Raslau, Valentinos Zachariou, David Powell, Zachary Winder, Ryan Cloyd, Sarah Helen Thomas, John Kuipers, Rachel Ward Mitchell, Riham H. El Khouli, Timothy J. Ainger, Sally Mathias, Farhan A. Mirza

Neurosurgery Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND To achieve the best possible outcome in surgical refractory epilepsy, the seizure onset zone must be accurately identified prior to treatment.

OBSERVATIONS A 38-year-old man presented with tonic-clonic and focal seizures 2–3 times per month, refractory to antiseizure medications. Scalp EEG, MRI, PET, ictal SPECT, magnetoencephalography, and stereo-EEG (SEEG) did not provide conclusive seizure onset zone localization. Subsequently, the patient was included in the authors’ ongoing postictal arterial spin labeling (ASL) study and additional postprocessing was performed with a morphometric analysis program (MAP) and texture analysis. Using these results, the authors reexamined the original structural MR images, with attention …

Resilience And Reality: Exploring The Lived Experiences Of People Living With Hiv In Texas During The Covid-19 Pandemic – A Qualitative Study., Ahmed F. Alanazi

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

This study investigated the lived experiences of individuals living with HIV (PLWH) in the Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) area of Texas during the COVID-19 pandemic, using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) framework. The research examined the intersection of health, social dynamics, and psychological resilience among PLWH, who faced compounded vulnerabilities due to systemic inequities and the dual public health crises of HIV and COVID-19. Through semi-structured interviews with ten participants from diverse backgrounds, the study captured the profound impacts of disrupted healthcare systems, heightened stigma, and social isolation on this marginalized population. The findings reveal that the pandemic exacerbated existing inequities …

Bibliography, Mary P. Bennett

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

Bibliography of publications by Mary Bennett.

Efficacy Of Deferoxamine Mesylate In Serum And Serum-Free Media: Adult Ventral Root Schwann Cell Survival Following Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Cell Death, Yee Hang Ethan Ma, Abhinay R. Putta, Cyrus H. H. Chan, Stephen R. Vidman, Paula V. Monje, Giles W. Plant

Neurosurgery Faculty Publications

Schwann cell (SC) transplantation shows promise in treating spinal cord injury as a pro-regenerative agent to allow host endogenous neurons to bridge over the lesion. However, SC transplants face significant oxidative stress facilitated by ROS in the lesion, leading to poor survival. deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) is a neuroprotective agent shown to reduce H₂O₂-induced cell death in serum-containing conditions. Here we show that DFO is not necessary to induce neuroprotection under serum-free conditions by cell survival quantification and phenotypic analysis via immunohistochemistry, Hif1α and collagen IV quantification via whole cell corrected total cell fluorescence, and cell death …

Menstrual Cycle Variations In Ultrasound And Biomechanical Risk Factors For Acl Injury In Adolescent Female Athletes, Jessica Garcia

Kinesiology Dissertations - Archive

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a significant concern in adolescent female athletes, with rates consistently higher than their male peers. This disparity is attributed to a complex combination of anatomical, hormonal, and neuromuscular factors that elevate injury risk while performing dynamic movements common in running and cutting sports such as soccer, basketball, lacrosse, and volleyball. Knee laxity has been identified as a potential risk factor, yet current measurement tools lack the sensitivity, reliability, and validity needed for practical application. Additionally, fluctuating sex hormones throughout the menstrual cycle (MC) have been implicated in changes to ligament properties and neuromuscular control, …

Artificial Intelligence In Radiology, Olivia Sweeney

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) has increasingly transformed radiologic practice by improving diagnostic accuracy, streamlining workflows, and reducing interpretation errors. As AI integration has expanded across imaging modalities, questions have emerged regarding its effectiveness compared to traditional radiologist-only interpretation.

Purpose of Study: The purpose of this study has been to evaluate the impact of AI-assisted radiology on diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and error reduction, while also assessing clinician perceptions of AI as a collaborative tool in imaging analysis.

Methodology: This qualitative study has used a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature published between 2015 and 2025, following PRISMA guidelines, combined with an interview …

Maternal Health Predictors In Ohio, Sritha Donepudi, Humza Khan

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Background: Ohio has continued to have a maternal mortality rate higher than the average which has posed the question of how geographic location, socioeconomic status, and demographics affect these rates.
Objective: This paper aims to investigate the relationship between variables affecting maternal mortality rates in Ohio such as teen birth rates and primary care physician access with where one lives between Rural and Urban areas and their household income in order to provide more information for future research.
Methods: This paper utilized County Health Rankings and statistical and correlation analysis with SPSS to analyze rates across counties in Ohio.
Results: …

Reducing Colonoscopy Cancellations Saves Lives, A Quality Improvement Project, Jennifer L. Brosnan

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

One of Healthy People 2030’s objectives is to increase the proportion of adults screened for colorectal cancer. To address this objective, a quality improvement project was completed within an Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC). An evidenced-based committee was formed with the primary goal to decrease the number of cancelled colonoscopies. The committee aimed to answer the PICOT question: For patients who cancel their colonoscopy, how does the development and implementation of an evidence-based practice (EBP) committee’s nursing interventions reduce cancelled colonoscopy rates and increase reschedule rates, compared to no implementation of an EBP committee’s nursing interventions, over three months?

Nursing interventions …