Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of The O-Glycosylated 21-Residue Muc1 Peptides, A. Rubinstein, L. Kinarsky, S. Sherman

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

The conformational propensities of the 21-residue peptide and its Oglycosylated analogs were studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This polypeptide motif comprises the tandem repeat of the human mucin (MUC1) protein core that is differently glycosylated in normal and cancer cells. To evaluate the structural effects of O-glycosylation on the polypeptide backbone, conformations of the nonglycosylated peptide and its glycosylated analogs were monitored during the 1 ns MD simulations. Radius gyration for whole peptide and its fragments, as well as root-mean-square-deviation between coordinate sets of the backbone atoms of starting structures and generated structures, were calculated. It was shown that …

The Tumor Suppressor Lkb1 Kinase Directly Activates Amp-Activated Kinase And Regulates Apoptosis In Response To Energy Stress, Reuben J. Shaw, Monica Kosmatka, Nabeel Bardeesy, Rebecca L. Hurley, Lee A. Witters, Ronald A. Depinho, Lewis C. Cantley

Dartmouth Scholarship

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved sensor of cellular energy status found in all eukaryotic cells. AMPK is activated by stimuli that increase the cellular AMP/ATP ratio. Essential to activation of AMPK is its phosphorylation at Thr-172 by an upstream kinase, AMPKK, whose identity in mammalian cells has remained elusive. Here we present biochemical and genetic evidence indicating that the LKB1 serine/threonine kinase, the gene inactivated in the Peutz-Jeghers familial cancer syndrome, is the dominant regulator of AMPK activation in several mammalian cell types. We show that LKB1 directly phosphorylates Thr-172 of AMPKalpha in vitro and activates its …

Immune Responses Of Different Mouse Strains After Challenge With Equivalent Lethal Doses Of Toxoplasma Gondii, Y. H. Lee, L. H. Kasper

Dartmouth Scholarship

Most immunological studies that utilize different strains of inbred mice following T. gondii infection fail to compensate for differences in host susceptibility to the size of the parasite innoculum. To address this concern, susceptible C57BL/6 and resistant CBA/J mice were orally infected with either an equivalent 50 % lethal dose (LD₅₀) of brain cysts of the 76K strain of T. gondii (15 cysts in C57BL/6, 400 cysts in CBA/J) or the same dose of parasites in each mouse strain. C57BL/6 mice receiving 400 cysts (LD₅₀ of CBA/J mice) died post infection, whereas CBA/J mice that received 15 …

Impacts Of Sara And Agr In Staphylococcus Aureus Strain Newman On Fibronectin-Binding Protein A Gene Expression And Fibronectin Adherence Capacity In Vitro And In Experimental Infective Endocarditis, Yan-Qiong Xiong, Arnold S. Bayer, Michael R. Yeaman, Willem Van Wamel, Adhar C. Manna, Ambrose L. Cheung

Dartmouth Scholarship

We investigated the impacts of sarA and agr on fnbA expression and fibronectin-binding capacity in Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in experimental endocarditis. Although sarA up-regulated and agr down-regulated both fnbA expression and fibronectin binding in vitro and in vivo, fnbA expression was positively regulated in the absence of both global regulators. Thus, additional regulatory loci contribute to fnbA regulation and fibronectin-binding capacities in S. aureus.

Motor Neuronopathy Associated With Adenocarcinoma Of Esophagus, Bhojo A Khealani, R. Qureshi, Mohammad Wasay

Department of Medicine

Neurologic paraneoplastic syndromes (NPS) are remote neurologic effects, except metastasis, of systemic cancers. These are a rare group of disorders, commonly associated with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC).1 Various NPS have been described, including motor neuronopathy. The motor neuronopathy has commonly been described with small cell carcinoma of lung, breast cancer and lymphoproliferative disorders.2,3 We report a case of motor neuronopathy in association with large cell adenocarcinoma of esophagus. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of motor neuronopathy associated with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.

Spine Pathology And Disability At Lesbos, Greece, Anastasia Tsaliki

Dr Anastasia Tsaliki, PhD

No abstract provided.

Nmr-Based Structural Studies Of The Glycosylated Muc1 Tandem Repeat Peptide, G. Suryanarayanan, P. A. Keifer, G. Wang, L. Kinarsky, M. A. Hollingsworth, S. Sherman

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

MUC1 is a glycoprotein that plays an important role in cancer pathogenesis. In order to study the effect of glycosylation on the conformational propensities of the tandem repeat domain of MUC1, we have determined the structure of the MUC1 tandem repeat peptide AHGVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPP, O-glycosylated with the trisaccharide (α-Glc-1,4-β-Glc-1,4-α-GalNAc-) at Thr5. This glycopeptide was synthesized to model a heavily Oglycosylated threonine residue in the tandem repeat domain. The NMR experiments used in this study included TOCSY, NOESY, ROESY, DQF-COSY, HSQC and 1D NMR. The peak volumes determined using the program SPARKY were converted into distance constraints using the program CALIBA. The …

Individualized Predictions Of Disease Progression Following Radiation Therapy For Prostate Cancer., Jeremy Taylor, Menggang Yu, Howard M. Sandler

The University of Michigan Department of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Background: Following treatment for localized prostate cancer, men are monitored with serial PSA measurements. Refining the predictive value of post-treatment PSA determinations may add to clinical management and we have developed a model that predicts for an individual patient future PSA values and estimates the time to future clinical recurrence.

Methods: Data from 934 patients treated for prostate cancer between 1987 and 2000 were used to develop a comprehensive statistical model to fit the clinical recurrence events and pattern of PSA data. A logistic regression model was used for the probability of cure, non-linear hierarchical mixed models were used for …

Individual Prediction In Prostate Cancer Studies Using A Joint Longitudinal-Survival-Cure Model, Menggang Yu, Jeremy Taylor, Howard M. Sandler

The University of Michigan Department of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

For monitoring patients treated for prostate cancer, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is measured periodically after they receive treatment. Increases in PSA are suggestive of recurrence of the cancer and are used in making decisions about possible new treatments. The data from studies of such patients typically consist of longitudinal PSA measurements, censored event times and baseline covariates. Methods for the combined analysis of both longitudinal and survival data have been developed in recent years, with the main emphasis being on modeling and estimation. We analyze data from a prostate cancer study that has been extended by adding a mixture structure …

Prognostic Indicators In Patients With Intracranial Tuberculoma: A Review Of 102 Cases, Mohammad Wasay, M. K. Moolani, J. Zaheer, Bhojo A. Khealani, R. A. Smego, A. R. Sarwari

Department of Medicine

Objective:

To see the characteristics, course and outcome of patients suffering from intracranial tuberculoma.

Methods:

Retrospective review of 102 patients diagnosed as intracranial tuberculoma at a tertiary care center over 10 years.

Results:

A total of 102 cases were seen with an age range of 1 to 75 years (mean, 30 years). Predisposing factors included Diabetes mellitus (8 patients) and pregnancy or puerperium (7 patients). Five pediatric patients had tuberculoma despite documented BCG vaccination. Fever (59%), headache (57%), meningeal irritation (36%) were the commonest presenting features; one-third of patients were drowsy or comatosed at presentation. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was performed …

Amelioration Of Proteolipid Protein 139–151-Induced Encephalomyelitis In Sjl Mice By Modified Amino Acid Copolymers And Their Mechanisms, Joel N.H. Stern, Zsolt Illés, Jay Reddy, Derin B. Keskin, Eric Sheu, Masha Fridkis-Hareli, Hiroyuki Nishimura, Celia F. Brosnan, Laura Santambrogio, Vijay K. Kuchroo, Jack L. Strominger

Jay Reddy Publications

Copolymer 1 [Cop1, glatiramer acetate, Copaxone, poly(Y,E,A,K)n] is widely used in the treatment of relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis in which it reduces the frequency of relapses by ≈30%. In the present study, copolymers with modified amino acid compositions (based on the binding motif of myelin basic protein 85–99 to HLA-DR2) have been developed with the aim of suppressing multiple sclerosis more effectively. The enhanced efficacy of these copolymers in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced in SJL/J mice with proteolipid protein 139–151 was demonstrated by using three protocols: (i) simultaneous administration of autoantigen and copolymer (termed prevention), (ii) …

A Survey Into The Prevalence Of Parasitic Helminths In Boiler Breeders, Anita Sarathi

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of helminth infections in spent broiler breeders. Intestinal tracts from 10 birds from each of five farms were obtained and examined for parasite identification and quantification. Heterakis gallinarum infections were the most common, followed in order of decreasing incidence by Capillaria obsignata, Ascaridia galli and Raillietina cesticillus. Peak worm burdens for individual birds were 121 (A. galli), 535 (H. gallinarum), 2I5 (C. obsignata) and 125 ( R. cesticillus). Significant farm-to-farm variation in worm burdens was observed.

Creencias De Profesores Y Estudiantes De La Facultad De Optometría De La Universidad De La Salle Acerca De La Clase Académica, Juan Carlos Méndez Parra, Carmen Sofía Cepeda

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

La presente investigación indagó en las creencias de profesores y estudiantes de la Facultad de Optometría de la Universidad de Salle acerca de la clase. Hace parte de la investigación institucional “Creencias de profesores y estudiantes de la Universidad de la Salle acerca de la clase académica”.dirigida por el Dr. Alberto Pardo Novoa. Se realizó una comprensión del fenómeno clase académica desde la visión de profesores y estudiantes de los diferentes ciclos de formación del programa de Optometría que sirviera para retroalimentar la labor docente y disponer de elementos para implementar acciones de calificación docente en la facultad de Optometría. …

Stroke Mortality In Sao Paulo (1997-2003). A Description Using The Tenth Revision Of The International Classification Of Diseases, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Stroke mortality rates are higher in Brazil when compared to other countries. The city of Sao Paulo has a good system of mortality surveillance that allow us to describe the epidemiology of the stroke in the city. Our aim was to describe the stroke mortality pattern by gender and age characterizing the ischemic/hemorrhagic ratio. We categorized mortality data by gender and a 10-year age-strata from 30-39 years-old to 70-79 years-old. To avoid random variations, we calculated the mean of all deaths occurred during the period of 1997 to 2003. Mortality rates were calculated using the population from the Brazilian National …

A Comunicação Médica: Alguns Comentários E Observações, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

Brazil Is Getting Older: Some Lessons From The Bambuí Health And Aging Study, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

Aids And Adolescents, Rhonda Gay Hartman

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Determinación De La Variabilidad De La Sensibilidad Al Contraste Con El Fact En Pacientes Miopes Antes Y Después De La Cirugía Refractiva Con Multiscan, En Optilaser, Yolanda López Aguirre

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar el efecto de la cirugía en los pacientes operados en cuanto a la calidad visual, medida por medio del FACT (Functional Acuity Contrast Test), para sugerir el uso del test FACT como prueba de rutina para estos pacientes. Fue un estudio descriptivo con mediciones transversales previas, al mes y a los dos meses de la cirugía. Con 17 pacientes realizo la valoración de 32 ojos, encontrando diferencias entre las mediciones iniciales y al mes la sensibilidad al contraste en la frecuencia espacial 12.0 (p 0.00) y 18.0 (p 0.0104). La curva construida con medianas …

Salud Ocupacional Una Visión Histórica Y General, Ingrid Astrid Jiménez Barbosa

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

El concepto de Salud Ocupacional ha ido evolucionando a través de los tiempos. Desde la comunidad primitiva durante la época del paleolítico y el neolítico, pasando por Egipto hacia el año 4000 a.c hasta la edad media, cuando aparecen estudiosos en materia de Salud Ocupacional como Ellen Bog (1473), quien efectúa una investigación sobre vapores que pueden ser peligrosos para la salud de los trabajadores. George Agrícola (1556), trata la problemática de los trabajadores de las minas y Bernardino Ramazinni en 1700, escribe un tratado completo sobre las enfermedades profesionales tituladoDe Morfis Artificum Diatribayes\, este autor es considerado por su …

Inside Unlv, Gian Galassi, Jennifer Vaughan, Carol C. Harter, Richard Flaherty, Rebecca Mills

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Cerebral Palsy: Physical Therapy And Medical Treatment Issues, Jill Pedretti

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

A discussion of the various terms associated with CP as well as the different classifications will precede a review of several randomized controlled trials, case studies, cohort studies and other related articles regarding treatment methods. Specifically, the use of Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy (1TB), Botulinum toxin injections (Botox), Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy, Threshold Electrical Stimulation (TES), and Pediatric Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy will be examined.

Once Upon A Virus: Aids Legends And Vernacular Risk Perception, Diane E. Goldstein

All USU Press Publications

Once Upon a Virus explores how contemporary, or "urban," legends are indicators of culturally complex attitudes toward health and illness. Tracing the rich tradition of AIDS legends in relation to current scholarship on belief, Diane Goldstein shows how such stories not only articulate widespread perceptions of risk, health care, and health policy, they also influence official and scientific approaches to the disease and its management. Notions that appear in narratives of who gets AIDS, how and why, are indicators of broad issues involving health beliefs, concerns, and needs.

A Study Of The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: (1) Dermo Tolerance, Survival, Growth, Condition And Hsp70 Expression In Different Geographic Stocks; (2) Heat Tolerance And Effects Of Sublethal Heat Shock On Survival And Hsp70 Expression Of Infected And Uninfected Oysters, Vincent G. Encomio

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The diseases Dermo and MSX have devastated Chesapeake Bay populations of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. The protozoan Perkinsus marinus, which causes Dermo, is particularly problematic since it persists over a wide range of salinities and temperatures. An objective of this dissertation was to determine whether specific wild oyster stocks had developed natural resistance to Dermo and if several parameters (survival, growth, condition and energy reserves) were associated with resistance. Another objective was to characterize heat shock protein (hsp70) expression in the eastern oyster. Heat shock proteins such as hsp70 protect organisms from thermal stress and other stressors, and this …

Pathobiology Of Mycobacteria In Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis), David T. Gauthier

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Striped bass (Morone saxatilis) in Chesapeake Bay, USA, are experiencing an epizootic of mycobacteriosis. This disease, caused by bacteria in the genus Mycobacterium, causes granulomatous lesions of the skin and viscera. Diseased fish are often emaciated, and fish with skin lesions may be significantly disfigured. The overall goal of this work was to examine aspects of the pathobiology of mycobacteria in striped bass via laboratory exposure studies and cellular assays. Striped bass were injected intraperitoneally with a sublethal dose of Mycobacterium marinum, M. shottsii, or M. gordonae and sampled for histology and bacteriology at regular intervals to 45 weeks post-injection …

Incidencia De Uso De Los Videojuegos En Alteraciones Visuales Ergonómicas, En Niños De 9 A 14 Años, Paola Liliana Murcia Vargas

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

La optometría tiene un campo de acción muy importante en la prevención visual. La aparición continua de nuevas tecnologías trae consigo cambios en los hábitos de las personas. Este estudio se realizó sobre las alteraciones visuales ergonómicas que posiblemente se presentan en la población infantil, debido al uso prolongado de videojuegos. Las destrezas visuales necesarias para el uso de videojuegos están: Agudeza visual en visión lejana y próxima, visión binocular, acomodación y coordinación ojo – mano. En lo postural, un exceso en el tiempo de uso de los videojuegos, puede producir problemas en el cuello, hombros, columna vertebral, piernas y …

Ortoptest Una Nueva Visión Para El Futuro, Ingrid Astrid Jiménez Barbosa, Viviana Morales, Viviana Barón, Juan Sebastián Bejarano, Katherine González, Oscar González

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Este fue un proyecto realizado por cinco estudiantes de octavo semestre de la Facultad de Optometría de la Universidad de la Salle. Ortoptest es un aparato en forma de cubo que en cada una de sus caras dispone de test para un mejor diagnóstico. Estos son: Ishihara´s (14 laminas acrílicas), luces de Worth, rejillas de Amsler y test bicromado rojo-verde (para visión próxima). Dentro del cubo se encuentra un sistema de iluminación halógena de 25w, tiene una base giratoria que hace más fácil y rápido el desarrollo de los test agilizando el tiempo de consulta. Se realizó un estudio de …

Tomografía Confocal De Nervio Óptico, Zaida Lorena Peña Ovalle

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

El HRT (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph) es una tecnología oftálmica de punta que reproduce al escanear una imagen topográfica y reflectiva del disco óptico y la capa de fibras nerviosas adyacentes.Una imagen tridimensional (3D) proporciona datos objetivos, cuantitativos, precisos que permite la detención de daño glaucomatoso temprano.

Degeneración Lattice, Alberto Rojas Bocanegra

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de degeneración periférica de retina Lattice y su relación con estados refractivos y rupturas retinales. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal con exploración de asociación, mediante análisis de casos y controles. Se examinaron 680 ojos en el Instituto de Investigaciones Optométricas e Instituto de Córnea. El estado refractivo se determinó mediante técnica estática y el estado retinal mediante oftalmoscopia indirecta con indentación escleral. Resultados: La prevalencia de degeneración periférica de retina Lattice fue de 5.1%. Conclusión: La degeneración Lattice se asocia con miopía y rupturas retinales.

Proyecto De Reforma Al Sistema De Seguridad Social En Salud, Gina Sorel Rubio Rincón, Piedad Marcela Valderrama Díaz

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

La expedición de la Ley 100 de 1993 otorgó muchos beneficios a la población colombiana, sin embargo, la implementación de la misma tuvo muchos inconvenientes, los cuales se reflejaron tanto en los temas de aseguramiento, como en los casos de corrupción, principalmente en las A.R.S. y en los temas de salud pública, pues reaparecieron enfermedades como la malaria, el sarampión y la fiebre amarilla; es así, como se llegó a la elaboración y radicación de proyectos ante el Senado de la República, los cuales plantean: creación del Plan de Salud Pública colectiva en reemplazo del Plan de Atención Básica, universalidad …

Mad Cow Disease: An Approach To Its Containment, Michael B. Abramson

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.