Weed Science Commons^™

Soil And Water Conservation And Integrated Management In Watershed Ecosystem Of The Loess Plateau, China, Guobin Liu, Gaolin Wu, Guoliang Wang, David Mitchell

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Loess Plateau is well known for severe soil erosion and ecosystem degradation. The key issues in this region are the food security (grain), ecological security and a sustainable economy. This paper reviews a range of studies on ecological restoration, and management and the benefit at watershed scale on the Loess Plateau. This includes several successful cases and failures in soil conservation. The paper presents practical soil conservation measures and related benefit analysis, and discusses some effective methods adopted in soil erosion control, research directions and future perspectives for the Loess Plateau.

Remote Sensing And Gis Techniques For Forage Production Assessment And Management Of Northern Chhattisgarh In India, Nur Salim Ekka, S. K. Gupta

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grasslands play a vital ecological and environmental role in global carbon balance and climate change. In the prairie provinces of Canada, grasslands occupy approximately 25 M ha of the land base and provide a valuable resource to the multi-billion dollar cattle industry. In recent years, remote sensing technology has been applied for estimating the fractional cover of arid grasslands and savannah ecosystems (Asner and Heidebrecht, 2003; Marsett et al. 2006; Guerschman et al., 2009). Grassland, a specific ecosystem, occurs naturally on all continents excluding Antarctica (White et al., 2000). Remote sensing imagery needs to be converted into tangible information …

Megathermic Spontaneous Grasses In The Mid Valley Ecotone, Rio Negro Of Argentina, Klich María Guadalupe

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The vegetation in the ecotone of mid valley in Río Negro (Argentina) varies in community composition and plant cover depending on the annual precipitation regime and on the temperature requirements of the plants species. The megathermic forage grasses are characterized by a C₄ photosynthetic metabolism, their production is concentrated in summer, they are tolerant to drought, efficient in the use of water and nitrogen, they have a high potential for dry matter production and the nutritional quality necessary to meet the demands of cattle. North Patagonia is a semiarid temperate region with hot, dry summers and with forage resources …

The Impact Of Different Herdsmen’S Size On Grassland Ecosystem Of Eastern Transect In Tibetan Plateau: A Case Study From Maqu, Huilan Wei, Xin Zong, Da Guo, Longfei Yan, Yang Liu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In order to address grassland degradation, an individual contracting system, or namely, single-household rangeland management, based on Garrett Hardin theory of “tragedy of the commons”, had been conducted in Maqu since 1980s. Despite the support of local government, such a well-intentioned system saw little fruits on managing degradation, encountering extensive frustration due to its poor practical outcomes. Meanwhile, joint-household rangeland management, as an inheritance of locality-based management, has been vigorously pursued and has played an important role on Maqu’s grassland management system. In order to better illustrate the impact of size on managing the grassland ecosystem, an experiment was set …

Designing High-Yielding, High-Diversity And Low-Input Temporary Grasslands, Karen Søegaard, Tine B. Mortensen, Jørgen Eriksen

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Species-rich swards have received increasing interest due to their focus on ecosystem services, animal welfare and product quality. However, in high-yielding swards the proportion of herbs is often limited and there is little knowledge of their management. Seed mixture composition, cutting frequency, fertilization and grazing/cutting strategies were examined over 4 years in 3 experiments to quantify their effects on herbage yield and botanical composition. Inclusion of herbs in the sward gave similar or higher annual yields but swards established with 100% herbs depended on the presence of a driver species. The effects of management differed between species. Herb content in …

Stakeholders Integration For Sustainable Use Of Temperate Forage/Livestock Agriculture, Garry D. Lacefield, Don Ball

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forage/livestock production is complex, and best management options are often site-specific, but some concepts have broad application. The intent of this article is to provide an overview of research-based management approaches that the authors believe are necessary to ensure the sustainability of forage/livestock farms. This overview discussion is needed because livestock agriculture is changing, thus creating both challenges and opportunities for producers. In the last 30 years, beef numbers in the USA have declined by 20%, but production per cow has more than doubled, resulting in increased total production on less land with fewer animals. Similar statistics exist for the …

Production, Persistence And Diversity Of Species In Temperate Grasslands, Meredith L. Mitchell, Brendan P. Christy

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Temperate grassland areas are considered to be semi-arid, with rainfall typically between 250 and 500 mm, much of it occurring in the late spring and early summer. Grazing plays an important role in all these grasslands with impacts on diversity and persistence. Against this assumption that seasonal productivity would be more uniform within a pasture that was diverse, the research suggested that species rich pastures were less stable, because this species richness was composed of non-perennial, volunteer and weed species. This paper explores the concept that systems diversity of temperate grassland does not always equate to production. In these systems …

Monitoring Standing Herbage Of Mid-Grass Prairie On The Fort Pierre National Grassland, South Dakota, Daniel W. Uresk

The Prairie Naturalist

Monitoring vegetation with a modified Robel pole on the Fort Pierre National Grassland was evaluated for combined shallow clay and loamy overflow ecological sites (dominated by warm-season grasses), and for clayey ecological sites (dominated by cool-season grasses). My objectives were to 1) develop a relationship between visual obstruction readings (VOR) and standing herbage, 2) provide guidelines for vegetation monitoring, and 3) evaluate vegetation monitoring during the growing season for clayey ecological sites. The relationship between visual obstruction readings and standing herbage was linear and regression coefficients were highly significant (P < 0.001) for both ecological types. Cluster analyses for shallow clay and loamy overflow ecological sites grouped the VOR and standing herbage (kg•ha-1) into 4 resource categories. Monitoring with 4 transects will provide adequate information to estimate standing herbage within 259 ha (1 section). Three resource categories (VOR + herbage) for clayey ecological sites were defined by cluster analyses. Monitoring with 4 transects was determined to provide reliable estimates of standing herbage. July validation of vegetation with the developed clayey ecological site model will provide reliable monitoring of standing herbage from July through November for this ecological site.

Crop Updates 2007 - Cereals, Rob Loughman, R. Lance, I. Barclay, G. Crosbie, S. Harasymow, W. Lambe, Chengdao Li, R. Mclean, C. Moore, K. Stefanova, A. Tarr, R. Wilson, Matu Peipi, Matt Whiting, Christine M. Zaicou-Kunesch, Shahajahan Miyan, Brenda Shackley, Len J. Wade, Lindsay W. Bell, Felicity Byrne (Nee Flugge), Mike A. Ewing, Blakely Paynter, Andrea Hills, Raj Malik, Kelly Winfield, Harmohinder Dhammu, Vince Lambert, Chris Roberts, Jeremy Lemon, Geoff J. Thomas, Ian Hartley, Andrew Taylor, Manisha Shankar, John Majewski, Vivien Vanstone, Brenda A. Coutts, Monica Kehoe, Roger Jones, Geoffrey Dwyer, Belinda Welsh, Cuiping Wang, Linda Price

Crop Updates

This session covers twenty six papers from different authors:

CEREAL BREEDING

1. Strategies for aligning producer and market imperatives in cereal breeding in Western Australia, R. Loughman, R. Lance, I. Barclay, G. Crosbie, S. Harasymow, W. Lambe, C. Li, R. McLean, C. Moore, K. Stefanova, A. Tarr and R. Wilson, Department of Agriculture and Food

2. LongReach plant breeders wheat variety trials – 2006, Matu Peipi and Matt Whiting, LongReach Plant Breeders

WHEAT AGRONOMY

3. Response of wheat varieties to sowing time in the northern agricultural region in 2006, Christine Zaicou, Department of Agriculture and Food

4. Response …

Crop Updates 2006 - Weeds, Alexandra Douglas, Thomas M. Wolf, Harm Van Rees, Bill Gordon, Peter Newman, Glenn Adam, Aik Lee, Siew Lee, Katherine Hollaway, Brad Rayner, John Peirce, Rick Llewellyn, Frank D'Emden, Michelle Owen, Stephen Powles, Michael Walsh, Emma Glasfurd, Kathryn Steadman, David Ferris, Bevan Addison, Aik Cheam, Dave Nicholson, Ruben Vargas, Shahab Pathan, Abul Hashem, Nerys Wilkins, Catherine Borger, Bob French, Kari-Lee Falconer, Martin Harries, Chris Matthews, Vikki Osten, Harnohinder Dhammu, David Nicholson, Richard Quinlan, Debbie Allen, Mark Seymour, Pam Burgess, Owen Coppen, Chris Roberts, Christiaan Valentine, A. K. Basandrai, W. J. Macleod, John Moore, Neil Rothnie, Russell Speed, John Andrew Simons, Ted Spadek, Daya Patabendige, Michael Renton, Sally Peltzer, Art Diggle

Crop Updates

This session covers thirty seven papers from different authors:

1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, Alexandra Douglas, CONVENOR – WEEDS DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

SPRAY TECHNOLOGY

2. Meeting the variable application goals with new application technology, Thomas M. Wolf, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre

3. Spray nozzles for grass weed control, Harm van Rees, BCG (Birchip Cropping Group)

4. Boom sprayer setups – achieving coarse droplets with different operating parameters, Bill Gordon, Bill Gordon Consulting

5. Complying with product label requirements, Bill Gordon, Bill Gordon Consulting

6. IWM a proven performer over 5 years in 33 focus paddocks, Peter Newman and …

Crop Updates - 2003 Weeds, Bill Roy, Peter Newman, J. R. Peirce, B. J. Rayner, Kathryn J. Steadman, Gavin P. Bignell, Amanda J. Ellery, Sandy Nedelkos, Ross Chapman, Michelle J. Owen, Simone Dudley, Robert Gallagher, Pippa J. Michael, Julie A. Plummer, Peter Newman, Glenn Adam, Catherine Borger, Abul Hashem, Nerys Wilkins, Sally Peltzer, Alex Douglas, Fran Hoyle, Paul Matson, Michael Walsh, Darren Chitty, David Ferris, Paul Neve, Art Diggle, Patrick Smith, Stephen Powles, David Archer, James Eklund, Frank Forcella, Alister Draper, Rick Llewellyn, Aik Cheam, Siew Lee, David Nicholson, Mike Clarke, Debbie Allen, Harmohinder S. Dhammu, Terry Piper, L. E. Young

Crop Updates

This session covers Thirty four papers from different authors

INTRODUCTION

INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT

IWM system studies/demonstration sites

1. Six years of IWM investigation – what does it tell us? Bill Roy, Agricultural Consulting and Research Services Pty Ltd

2. Long term herbicide resistance site, the final chapter, Peter Newman and Glen Adam, Department of Agriculture

3. Management of skeleton weed (chondrilla juncea) in a cropping rotation in Western Australia, J. R. Peirce and B. J. Rayner, Department of Agriculture

WEED BIOLOGY AND COMPETITION

1. Annual ryegrass seedbanks: The good, the bad and the ugly, Kathryn J. Steadman¹, Amanda …

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Crop Updates 2001 - Cereals, Ross Kingwell, Wal Anderson, Eddy Pol, Peter Burgess, Ashley Bacon, D. M. Bakker, G. J. Hamilton, D. Houlbrooke, C. Spann, M. A. Hamza, Paul Blackwell, M. D. A. Bolland, Maurice Black, R. F. Brennan, W. L. Crabtree, Bill Bowden, Chris Gazey, Rochelle Strahan, Bob Gilkes, Zed Rengel, Stephen Loss, Tim O'Dea, Patrick Gethin, Ryan Guthrie, Lisa Leaver, David Phelps, Darshan Sharma, Mohammad Amjad, Md Sanajahanh Miyan, James Fisher, Senthold Asseng, Bill Bowden, Michael Robertson, Glenn Macdonald, Kevin Young, Blakely Paynter, Jatinderpal Bathal, Cameron Weeks, Kithsiri Jayasena, Rob Loughman, Q. Knight, Dominie Wright, Nichole Burges, Lisa-Jane Blacklow, Rob Hulme, Rob Griffith, Jenny Hawkes, Roger Jones, Debbie Thackray, S. B. Sharma, S. Kelly, Peter Newman, Dave Nicholson, Harmohinder Dhammu, Terry Piper, Mario F. D'Antuono, Mehmet Cakir, Nick Galwey, David Poulsen, Garry Ablett, Reg Lance, Greg Platz, Joe Panozzo, Barbara Read, David Moody, Andy Barr, Peter Langridge, Tina Botwright, Tony Condon, Robin Wilson, Iain Barclay, Howard Carr, Greg Shea, Ian Foster, David Tennant

Crop Updates

This session covers forty two papers from different authors:

PLENARY

1. Planning your cropping program in season 2001, Dr Ross Kingwell, Agriculture Western Australia and University of Western Australia

WORKSHOP

2. Can we produce high yields without high inputs? Wal Anderson, Centre for Cropping Systems, Agriculture Western Australia

VARIETIES

3. Local and interstate wheat variety performance and $ return to WA growers, Eddy Pol, Peter Burgess and Ashley Bacon, Agritech Crop Research

CROP ESTABLISHMENT

4 Soil management of waterlogged soils, D.M. Bakker, G.J. Hamilton, D. Houlbrooke and C. Spann, Agriculture Western Australia

5. Effect of soil …

Western Ironweed: Research On Anatomy, Physiology, Life History And Control, M. K. Mccarty, C. J. Scifres

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Western ironweed (Vernonia baldwini Torr.) is a member of a widespread and diverse genus. The genus is characterized by perennial herbs and shrubs. Weaver and Darland listed the increase of western ironweed, at one time sparsely distributed, as an indication of degeneration of the true prairie. They described the invasion, spread, and ultimate dominance of western ironweed in many pastures after the drought years. Weaver measured ironweed roots to a depth of 11 or 12 ft., and remarked that it was one of "the most abundant and worst weeds in native pastures derived from the true prairie." Research has …