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2022

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Full-Text Articles in Weed Science

Asparagus Officinalis - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Asparagus Officinalis - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Asparagus officinalis. Asparagus (garden asparagus) is an herbaceous, perennial plant, and the young shoots are used as a spring vegetable. Native to Europe, it originally grew in coastal sand dunes and has some salt tolerance.


Brassica Napus - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Brassica Napus - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Brassica napus (canola). Canola is a winter growing oilseed crop from the Brassica family. Canola oil is a vegetable oil derived from a variety of rapeseed that is low in erucic acid. Canola is the third largest broadacre crop grown in south-western Australia and is widely grown as a break crop in cereal rotations. Western …


Citrus X Paradisi - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Citrus X Paradisi - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Grapefruit (Citrus x paradisi). Grapefruit are part of the Citrus genus of small evergreen flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Grapefruit originated as a natural hybrid between orange and pomelo. Grapefruit are an important horticultural crop which is widely cultivated around the world. The Western Australian citrus industry primarily supplies the local …


Hordeum Vulgare - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Hordeum Vulgare - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an are a may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Barley (Hordeum vulgare). Barley is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains, particularly in Eurasia as early as 10,000 years ago. Barley has been used as animal fodder, as a source of fermentable material for beer and certain distilled beverages, and as a component …


Festuca Arundinacea - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Festuca Arundinacea - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). Tall fescue is a temperate, perennial bunch grass native to Europe, temperate Asia and north-west Africa and has been introduced into temperate North and South America, New Zealand, South Africa and southern Australia because of its value as a forage. There are two types of tall fescue; the spring/summer-active (temperate) types …


Lupinus Angustifolius - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Lupinus Angustifolius - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Narrowleaf lupins (Lupinus angustifolius). Narrowleaf lupins (white lupins, Australian sweet lupins) is an annual pulse crop first domesticated in Western Australia (WA). Farmers in WA produce about 80% of total world production and are the only significant exporters of lupin grain. Lupins are well suited to the deep, acid sandy soils that occur over large …


Mangifera Indica - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Mangifera Indica - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Mango (Mangifera indica). The mango is a densely foliaged evergreen tropical fruit tree, which is native to north-eastern India and Myanmar. It is now widespread in its distribution and has been cultivated since ancient times. Mango is by volume the second largest tropical fruit crop in the world after bananas. Mangoes are grown commercially in …


Medicago Scutellata - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Medicago Scutellata - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Snail medic (Medicago scutellata). Snail medic is a temperate annual pasture legume native to the Mediterranean region, which is well adapted to alkaline, cracking clay soils. A very minor pasture species in south-western Australia but is grown in subtropical environments like south-east Queensland as a winter-spring growing legume to complement summer growing grass pastures (Howie …


Puccinellia Ciliata - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Puccinellia Ciliata - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Puccinellia (Puccinellia ciliata). Puccinellia is a moderately salt-tolerant and moderate to highly waterlogging tolerant perennial grass native to Turkey. It was introduced into Western Australia (WA) by CSIRO in the early 1960s as a pioneer plant for revegetating saltland and has been widely sown in south-western Australia to revegetate saline land. The relatively poor production …


Sorghum X Almum - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Sorghum X Almum - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Perennial sorghum (Sorghum x almum). Perennial sorghum is an erect, tussocky, short-lived perennial grass with numerous tillers which under good growing conditions can reach about 3.5m at maturity.


Stylosanthes Seabrana - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Stylosanthes Seabrana - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Caatinga stylo (Stylosanthes seabrana). Stylosanthes seabrana is a perennial legume native to Bahia Region of Brazil. The common name ‘Caatinga’ is a type of subtropical vegetation (xeric shrubland and thorn forest), and an ecoregion characterized by this vegetation in interior north-eastern Brazil. Caatinga stylo is a short-lived perennial and generally lives between 2 to 4 …


Trifolium Pratense - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Trifolium Pratense - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Red clover (Trifolium pratense). Red clover is a temperate, perennial (and sometimes biennial) pasture legume, which is native to Europe and Northern Asia. It is now cultivated for forage in temperate areas worldwide but is sensitive to high temperatures so has a limited role in Australia. It was evaluated in early pasture trials in high …


Vaccinium Corymbosum - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Vaccinium Corymbosum - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). The blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) is an evergreen perennial shrub, growing up to 3m tall. The fruit is a many-seeded blueberry, with white or pale green flesh. Varieties grown in Australia are classified into Southern Highbush, Rabbiteye and Northern Highbush which require varying levels of chilling (i.e. hours below 7°C to induce flowering).


Review Of Spiders Of North America, By Sarah Rose, Michael L. Draney Jan 2022

Review Of Spiders Of North America, By Sarah Rose, Michael L. Draney

The Prairie Naturalist

A field guide to spiders, the dominant terrestrial predator group, has long been a desire for North American naturalists, biologists, and spider fans, but not surprisingly, the first “real” field guide has been a long time coming. The diversity of spiders, with over 50,000 known species globally (World Spider Catalog 2022) and around 4,000 in North America north of Mexico (Rose 2022), is well beyond the diversity of more traditional field guide targets such as birds (about 1,000 species north of Mexico; American Birding Association 2022) or butterflies (about 725 species north of Mexico; North American Butterfly Association 2022). Also, …


Review Of Methods For Ecological Research On Terrestrial Small Mammals, By Robert Mccleery, Lynda R. Lafond Jan 2022

Review Of Methods For Ecological Research On Terrestrial Small Mammals, By Robert Mccleery, Lynda R. Lafond

The Prairie Naturalist

Small mammals are used in ecological studies throughout the world, yet the subject has lacked a clear reference that included upto- date methods pertaining to passive detection, molecular, and statistical approaches. In Methods for Ecological Research on Terrestrial Small Mammals, McCleery and his coauthors build on previous research references (Braun 2005, Sutherland 2006, Krebs 2014, Silvy 2020) and present methodologies specific to the study of small mammals that are applicable globally. Written as an asset for novice and experienced small mammal researchers alike, Methods for Ecological Research on Terrestrial Small Mammals is organized in a logical format, providing readers …


Second Twenty-Five Year Index: Volumes 26–50, 1994–2018, Jane E. Austin Jan 2022

Second Twenty-Five Year Index: Volumes 26–50, 1994–2018, Jane E. Austin

The Prairie Naturalist

The first 50 years of the Prairie Naturalist reside on the shelves of libraries and personal collections. The articles and notes published over those years provide invaluable knowledge about Great Plains biota, communities, conservation, and landscape ecologies. Awareness of the wealth of information in those 50 print volumes has been limited, relying on references from other published papers or the limited number of articles that have been made available online by authors. This index serves as resource for individuals to digitally tap into the information published since 1994. This index, together with the first 25-year index, serves to complement the …


Documenting The Rapidly Expanding Distribution Of Invasive Ravenna Grass (Tripidium Ravennae) Eastern In Kansas, Rachel A. Styers Jan 2022

Documenting The Rapidly Expanding Distribution Of Invasive Ravenna Grass (Tripidium Ravennae) Eastern In Kansas, Rachel A. Styers

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

Invasive species cause significant ecological losses in the United States where they cost approximately $21 billion dollars a year to manage (Fantle-Lepczyk et al., 2022). Early detection of new invasive species, coupled with a rapid response of management efforts, can help to slow the ecological and economic impacts caused by these habitat invaders. Tripidium ravennae (L.) H. Scholz (or Ravenna grass) is a tall, robust, cespitose grass known to occur in Kansas, although its distribution remained poorly documented prior to this study. Given its known invasive tendencies, it has been declared noxious in at least six US states. Coupled with …


Brassica Rapa - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Brassica Rapa - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Brassica rapa (turnips). Turnips along with ‘Swedes’ (Brassica napus var. napobrassica) are members of the brassica or crucifer family which also includes cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, radish and Brussels sprouts. The edible portion is called a 'root’ but is the enlarged base of the stem. They are biennial plants grown commercially as annuals. The species also …


Cenchrus Ciliaris - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Cenchrus Ciliaris - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris). Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) is a perennial grass forming tufted tussocks to 1m which is native to large parts of Africa, Arabian Peninsula, western Asia, Middle East and the Indian sub-continent (Humphreys 1967). Seedheads form a dense, hairy cylindrical spike, with straw-coloured burrs or fascicles comprising 1-4 spikelets which are light …


Vigna Unguiculata - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Vigna Unguiculata - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Vigna unguiculata (cowpea). Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) originates from West Africa (Cook et al. 2020) with an additional centre of genetic diversity in Southern India (Krishna 2014). Ba et al. (2004) found that domesticated cowpea showed a high genetic variability. Combined with high morphological diversity this has resulted in a complex taxonomy which has been reviewed …


Medicago Truncatula - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Medicago Truncatula - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Barrel medic (Medicago truncatula). Barrel medic is a temperate annual pasture legume native to the Mediterranean region which is adapted to a wide range of soils from sandy loams to clays but prefers a neutral to alkaline pH (pHwater > 6.5), and not prone to waterlogging or salinity. It is more productive and persistent in low …


Garden Bot: Autonomous Home Garden Weed Removal Robot, Brendon Lovejoy, Robert Connolly, Isaac Lucas, Stevan Veselinov Jan 2022

Garden Bot: Autonomous Home Garden Weed Removal Robot, Brendon Lovejoy, Robert Connolly, Isaac Lucas, Stevan Veselinov

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

With frequent weeding being a tedious chore and an essential task for a successful garden, there is need for an automated method of handling this routine. Existing technologies utilize computer vision, GPS, multiple units and other tools to remove weeds from garden plots. However, these solutions are often complex and expensive, suited for large agricultural plots in contrast to small-scale home gardens. In addition, many of these technologies, along with manual tillers and cultivators suited for home use, are unable to perform weeding within rows of crops in a process known as intra-row weeding. The Garden Bot is an autonomous, …


Desmanthus Virgatus - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Desmanthus Virgatus - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Desmanthus (Desmanthus virgatus). Desmanthus is a summer-growing, perennial legume adapted to neutral to alkaline, clay soils.


Stylosanthes Guianensis Var. Intermedia - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Stylosanthes Guianensis Var. Intermedia - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Fine stem stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis var. intermedia) Fine stem stylo is a tropical, low growing, perennial legume adapted to low fertility soils.


Cichorium Intybus - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Cichorium Intybus - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Chicory (Cichorium intybus). Chicory is a short-term (two to five years) perennial pasture herb native to Europe, temperate and tropical Asia and North Africa. It has been cultivated as both a summer forage and as a ‘coffee substitute’ for centuries and was introduced into Australia in the 19th century. In experimental trials in northern Western …


Dactylis Glomerata - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Dactylis Glomerata - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata). Cocksfoot (also orchard grass) is a cool-season (temperate) perennial bunch pasture grass native to Europe, northern Africa and temperate Asia. It has been introduced to other temperate parts of the world including North and South America, South Africa, New Zealand and Australia because of its value as a pasture plant. Cocksfoot is …


Panicum Coloratum - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Panicum Coloratum - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Bambatsi panic (Panicum coloratum). Bambatsi panic is a sub-tropical, tufted perennial grass adapted to fertile, clay soils. It will persist on sandy soils but with low productivity.


Cajanus Cajan - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Cajanus Cajan - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan). Pigeon pea is an annual or perennial legume which is widely cultivated in tropical and sub tropical regions around the world for both human consumption and as a forage/cover crop.


Lolium Multiflorum - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Lolium Multiflorum - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). Italian ryegrass is a long season annual or biennial pasture grass which are diploid or tetraploid hybrids. It is used as a short-term pasture or as a high-yielding silage/hay crop and so requires regular re-seeding. In south-western Australia Italian ryegrass is included in pasture mixes in high rainfall dairy pastures. In …


Medicago Polymorpha - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia Jan 2022

Medicago Polymorpha - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Burr medic (Medicago polymorpha). Burr medic is a temperate annual pasture legume native to the Mediterranean region which is adapted to a range of soils from sandy loams to clays of moderate fertility because it is adapted to slightly acidic (pHCa >4.8) to alkaline (pHwater < 9.0) soils and can tolerate transient waterlogging. Burr medic is widely naturalised in southern Western Australia (WA) and commercial use followed the identification of cultivars without spines, which contaminate wool (Gillespie 2001; Howie et al. 2007). In experimental trials in northern WA the annual legumes and herbs had good feed quality but in general, with low forage yields under irrigation, are unlikely to be economically viable (Moore et al. 2021). In the southern rangelands, burr medic is widely naturalized in the Goldfields region.