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Articles 61 - 90 of 388
Full-Text Articles in Plant Pathology
Selective Behaviour Of Cattle Grazing Ryegrass Swards With Horizontal Heterogeneity In Patch Height And Bulk Density, Montague W. Demment, R A. Distel, T C. Griggs, E A. Laca, G P. Deo
Selective Behaviour Of Cattle Grazing Ryegrass Swards With Horizontal Heterogeneity In Patch Height And Bulk Density, Montague W. Demment, R A. Distel, T C. Griggs, E A. Laca, G P. Deo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Patches of different height and/or bulk density were created in ryegrass pasture to study selective responses of steers to horizontal variability in patch structure. The experiment involved 3 heterogeneity treatments with 2 patch types each. Steers encountered and entered both patch types available in each treatment with the same frequency. In contrast, they grazed for a longer time (T,) at; and removed more bites (B) from the patch type that yielded greater intake rates. While T, and B varied for a patch type depending on the alternative patch, bite rate and likely bite size were constant for a given patch …
Computer Recording Of The Variation In Intake Of Supplements Provided To Grazing Cattler, R M. Tait, L J. Fisher
Computer Recording Of The Variation In Intake Of Supplements Provided To Grazing Cattler, R M. Tait, L J. Fisher
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A computer system has been developed to record the consumption of' supplements provided free choice to grazing cattle. The system is based on electronic animal identification and one or more weatherproof electronic scales located in simple feed stations connected by telephone cable to a computer at a distance of up to 1 km. The software program identifies and records individual animals, • time and duration of visits, and the quantity of supplement consumed. The system has been tested in the field using 40 kg molasses-based feed blocks with up to 20 steers per feed station in paddocks of approximately 4 …
Diet Selection By Lambs In Ryegrass-White Clover Swards Differing In The Horizontal Distribution Of Clover, R H. Armstrong, E Robertson, C S. Lamb, I J. Gordon, D A. Elston
Diet Selection By Lambs In Ryegrass-White Clover Swards Differing In The Horizontal Distribution Of Clover, R H. Armstrong, E Robertson, C S. Lamb, I J. Gordon, D A. Elston
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Weaned 5-month-old lambs grazed 2 series of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) plots containing patches of mixed perennial ryegrass and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) varying in either a) the size of patches or b) the distance between patches. Both series embraced the same range of percentages (1-25) of ryegrass-clover patches in each plot. Diet composition was estimated from the pattern of naturAI alkanes in faeces collected between days 6 to 15 after allocation of the lambs to the treatments. The percentage of clover in the diet declined markedly from days 6 to 11 and thereafter increased slightly. Dietary …
Comparison Of Bite Weight And Bite Dimensions Of Sheep And Goats Grazing A Range Of Grasses And Clovers, Y Gong, J Hodgson, M G. Lambert, A.C P. Chu, I L. Gordon
Comparison Of Bite Weight And Bite Dimensions Of Sheep And Goats Grazing A Range Of Grasses And Clovers, Y Gong, J Hodgson, M G. Lambert, A.C P. Chu, I L. Gordon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Response patterns in bite weight and bite dimensions of sheep and goats were evaluated using 3 grasses and 3 clovers sampled at 2 stages of maturity offered as prepared turves to animals confined in metabolism crates. Average bite weight across 12 sward types (6 forages x 2- stages) was similar for sheep and goats, but goats had greater bile weight per unit LW0•75 tlian sheep, Despite being shorter, the much denser clover swards resulted in larger bite weight than did grass swards. The taller reproductive swards enabled animals to harvest greater bite weights than did vegetative swards. Sheep obtained heavier …
Bite And Bolus Size Of Japanese Black Cattle Grazing Trays Of Perennial Ryegrass Of Different Heights, Shigeru Shioya, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Yasuko Togamura, K Betteridge
Bite And Bolus Size Of Japanese Black Cattle Grazing Trays Of Perennial Ryegrass Of Different Heights, Shigeru Shioya, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Yasuko Togamura, K Betteridge
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To determine the influence of grass .height on ingestive behaviour of Japanese Black cattle, bite size and bolus size of a Japanese Black heifer (230 kg body weight) and a Japanese Black cow (450 kg body weight) were estimated on perennial ryegrass (Lolium pere,me L.) turfs. Turfs in trays (460x600xl00 mm) were fed to the cattle for up to 3 min and reductions in turf weight were measured. One high (25 cm), 2 medium (13 cm) and 2 low (6 cm) turfs were offered to each animal. Bite size (dry matter intake/bite) both for the heifer and cow was greatest …
Grazing Behavior Of Beef Cattle During First-Time Exposure To A Pearl Millet Pasture Treated With A Chemical Plant-Growth Regulator, J E. Arias, C T. Dougherty, M Collins
Grazing Behavior Of Beef Cattle During First-Time Exposure To A Pearl Millet Pasture Treated With A Chemical Plant-Growth Regulator, J E. Arias, C T. Dougherty, M Collins
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Twelve tethered Angus cows were used to estimate 1he effect of structure and chemical composition of a pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L. Leeke cv, Tifleaf-.2. hybrid) pasture.on grazing. behaviour. Cerone (ethephon (2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid) plant growth retardant (fOR) was broadcast, establishing canopy heights of 0.855, 0.716 and 0,829 m;• neutral detergent fibr�� (NDP) of 65,3, 63 .. 4 ·and 64.91/'; acid detergent • fibre (ADF) of 37.6, 36.2 and,37.5%: and in vitro organic .matter digestibility (lVOMD) of 66.4, 67 .9 and 66.9% (Treatment 1. (Tl), T2 and ·T3, respectively). ·Effective biting rate (BBR) averaged 24, 28 an!l 25 bites/min …
Early And Late Grazing Of Cocksfoot And Tall Fescue Hay Fields Overseeded With Red Clover, E C. Prigge, W B. Bryan, E S. Goldman, G E. D'Souza
Early And Late Grazing Of Cocksfoot And Tall Fescue Hay Fields Overseeded With Red Clover, E C. Prigge, W B. Bryan, E S. Goldman, G E. D'Souza
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grazing hay fields with beef cattle during portions of the year when hay is traditionally fed, was examined to yield, quality of forage and composition of the sward. Pour managements were compared: early spring, one hay cutting, and late autumn grazing (GHG), 2 hay cuttings (HH), early spring grazing and 2 hay cuttings (GHH), and 1 hay culling and late au1umn· grazing (HG). The managements were applied lo tall foscue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) (TP) and cocksfool (Dactylis glomerata L.) (Cfl) hay fields, overseeded with red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Annual herbage dry mailer production from the plots …
Use Of A Simple Model Of Continuous And Rotational Grazing To Compare Herbage Consumption, Simon J.R Woodward, G `C Wake, D G. Mccall, A B. Pleasants
Use Of A Simple Model Of Continuous And Rotational Grazing To Compare Herbage Consumption, Simon J.R Woodward, G `C Wake, D G. Mccall, A B. Pleasants
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A simple mathematical model (a linear dynamical system) was constructed to predict herbage consumption by grazing animals. This model was used to compare 3 grazing methods over a range of stocking rates at low pasture mass. The grazing methods compared were: continuous grazing (CTS), rotational grazing with equal time intervals (BQ), and rotational grazing where the time of shift was optimal for maximising intake (OPT). The rotational methods were the simplest possible, the land being subdivided into 2 fields, each of which was grazed once. The order of grazing the fields was also considered. The model predicts (I) that at …
Relative Productivity And Persistense Of White Clover Cultivars Under Cutting Or Continuous Stocking By Sheep, D A. Davies, M Fothergill
Relative Productivity And Persistense Of White Clover Cultivars Under Cutting Or Continuous Stocking By Sheep, D A. Davies, M Fothergill
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Perennial ryegrass-white clover (Lolium perenne-Trlfollium repens) swards of 3 clover cultivars were studied at a lowland (30 m) and upland (340 m) site in mid Wales over 3 years (1989-91). Lamb production from small-leaved Aberystwyth S 184 at 1021 kg/ha was 25% and 1191, more than from small-leaved Ac3351 and medium-leaved Grasslands Huia respectively. The relative lamb output from Huia was poorer at the upland location. Clover production, survival and morphology under a number of cutting heights and frequencies were different from those in the continuously stocked pastures. Cutting every 10 days at 2-3 cm resulted in poor clover and …
Morphological Changes In Three Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) Cultivars Under Continuous Stocking, M Fothergill, D A. Davies
Morphological Changes In Three Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) Cultivars Under Continuous Stocking, M Fothergill, D A. Davies
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Individual plant morphology of 3 white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cultivars was studied during 1990 and 1991. Seasonal shifts were demonstrated by all cultivars towards a higher proportion of less complex plants from winter to mid summer. Over the latter half of the year the population tended lo return towards its original distribution. Seasonal fluctuations in stolon dry weight/plant and root number/plant were also identified, with the small-leaved Ac3351 maintaining a greater stolon OW/plant than Aberystwyth S184 and Grasslands Huia during 1990. Ac3351 and S184 also maintained a larger root number/plant over this period. However, no significant differences were detected …
Contribution Of Undomesticated Germplasm To Development Of Persistent, Grazing-Tolerant Lucerne, I Kaehne, E T. Kobelt, J A. Horsenell
Contribution Of Undomesticated Germplasm To Development Of Persistent, Grazing-Tolerant Lucerne, I Kaehne, E T. Kobelt, J A. Horsenell
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The development of lucerne (Medicago saliva L.) germplasms which are tolerant to continuous grazing, adapted to dryland agriculture in the mediterranean zone and resistant to aphids, is described, Undomesticated lucerne accessions from 14 countries were crossed with winter-active cultivated lucerne accessions adapted to mediterranean climates to produce 4 S populations which were selected for tolerance to continuous intense grazing by sheep, The most tolerant populations were screened to develop germplasms resistant to spotted alfalfa aphid and blue-green aphid. The 72 populations that were developed from these germplasms by further selection for grazing tolerance and aphid resistance were tested for …
An Approach For Testing The Ecological Amplitude Of Herbage Cultivars, B D. Campbell
An Approach For Testing The Ecological Amplitude Of Herbage Cultivars, B D. Campbell
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A technique is described for testing the response of cultivars to environmental factors using crossed, controlled gradients of mineral nutrient supply and simulated grazing. The usefulness of the technique was tested by growing the perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivar Melle and the cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivar Sylvan in isolation and in a complex mixture on the matrix. Contour maps of the frequency of tillers of the cultivars after 2 years' growth indicated that Melle is better suited to high fertility, heavily stocked sites. The technique may be useful as a compact, standardised method for cultivar testing.
Botanical Composition, Improvement Intervention And Cattle Weight Gain Of Natural Pastures Of Western Ethiopia, L Gizachew, A Tadesse, A Hassen
Botanical Composition, Improvement Intervention And Cattle Weight Gain Of Natural Pastures Of Western Ethiopia, L Gizachew, A Tadesse, A Hassen
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The dominant indigenous grass and legume species in the highland (above 2000 m) and mid-altitude (1600-2000 m) parts of western Ethiopia were determined. Grasslands in the high altitude contain a higher proportion of a nutritious grass and legume species than grasslands in the mid altitude. Fertiliser, manuring and legume oversowing improved dry matter yield and live-weight gains of grazing animals. Incorporating forage legumes into natural pastures by oversowing is the best pasture improvement strategy.
Effects Of Quantity And Pattern Of Herbage Removal On Botanical Composition Of A Temperate Pasture, W Harris
Effects Of Quantity And Pattern Of Herbage Removal On Botanical Composition Of A Temperate Pasture, W Harris
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Ryegrass-white clover (Lolium perenne L.- Trifolium repens L.) pasture was cut in continuous and .rotational patterns to provide herbage for 15, 20 and 25 ewes/ha. A comparison was made with grazed pasture. Dead matter content from rotational management decreased as stocking rate increased, but was high for high stocking rate continuous management when herbage requirements were high. Ryegrass decreased and clover content increased under continuous . management particularly as stocking rate increased. Unsown species • increased markedly under continuous management at high stocking. Changes of ryegrass and clover content under grazing were less than' under cutting possibly owing to …
Structure Of Plant Communities In A Pastoral System In Northern Spain, I Alonso, A Garcia
Structure Of Plant Communities In A Pastoral System In Northern Spain, I Alonso, A Garcia
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Six grassland communities on different soil types in northern Spain were analysed for species life-form and growth form composition, diversity, height and above-ground biomass in relation to grazing. Hemicryptophytic life-form was the most characteristic form. The grasslands on calcareous soils showed the greatest diversity values and the lowest peak above-ground biomass. Grasses were more abundant in siliceous soils than in calcareous soils, but in all communities the group "other families" was dominant.
Fattening Performance Of Weaned Lambs Grazed On Common Vetch-Barley Mixture Sown On Fallow Land, A Elicin, M Ilaslan, M Munzur, S Cangir, A Karabulut
Fattening Performance Of Weaned Lambs Grazed On Common Vetch-Barley Mixture Sown On Fallow Land, A Elicin, M Ilaslan, M Munzur, S Cangir, A Karabulut
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The aim of investigation was to estimate faltening performance of 40 weaned 2.5-month-old single male Akkaraman lambs grazed on a barley and common vetch mixture grown on summer fallow. The first group was grazed on the mixture only, the second group was grazed on the mixture + 500 g concentrate feed a day, the third group was grazed on the mixture + ad lib. concentrate feed and the last group was fed solely on concentrate feed. The investigation lasted 42 days, Average live-weight gains of the groups were 10.2, I 1.3, 11.3 and 10.3 kg and their daily live-weight gains …
Rumen Digestion Of Temperate Pasture: Effects Of Milk Yield And Composition, D H. Rearte, F J. Santini
Rumen Digestion Of Temperate Pasture: Effects Of Milk Yield And Composition, D H. Rearte, F J. Santini
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Dairy production in Argentina is based on grazing of temperate pasture. Concentrate is used as a supplement at a level no higher than 30% of the diet. Milk yield is high but butterfat content of milk is lower on pasture than on indoor feeding diet based on processed forage and concentrate. Rumen fluid of cows on grazing was characterised by low pH (5.8-6.2), high volatile fatty acid concentration (90-120 mmoUI) and a low acetate:propionate ratio (<2.5). Hydrolysis of forage protein in rumen is high and the percentage of dietary amino acids reaching the duodenum is low (20- 30% ). This rumen environment occurs only with cows on grazing because when fresh forage is cut and fed to cows Indoors, pH and acetate:propionate ratio is higher and NH3 concentration is lower. Rumen fermentation was also modified when pasture forage was offered wilted instead of fresh. Concentrate supplementation at a level no higher than 30% of total diet did not affect the rumen environment, but it was modified by corn silage supplementation.
Impact Of White Clover Cultivars On Nitrogen Fixation And Livestock Production In New Zealand Hill Pasture, D F. Chapman, A D. Mackay, B P. Devantier, N Dymock
Impact Of White Clover Cultivars On Nitrogen Fixation And Livestock Production In New Zealand Hill Pasture, D F. Chapman, A D. Mackay, B P. Devantier, N Dymock
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Growth, nitrogen fixation and animal production of pastures based on the white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cultivars Grasslands Tabora or Grasslands Huia, and of unamended pastures containing the "resident" clover ecotype, were compared In a self-contained systems experiment on moderate to steep, low-fertility hill country. Put-andtake stocking of hoggets was used to assess animal production, with stocking rate determined by a feed budget model. Tabora- and Huiabased pastures had higher white clover contents than resident pastures over the first 3 years of measurement, and Tabora-based pastures fixed 4591, more N than resident pastures over 1 full year. Benefits in …
Evaluation Of Grazing-Tolerant Alfalfa Cultivars, J H. Bouton, S R. Smith Jr, C S. Hoveland, M A. Mccann
Evaluation Of Grazing-Tolerant Alfalfa Cultivars, J H. Bouton, S R. Smith Jr, C S. Hoveland, M A. Mccann
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Alfalfa (Medicago saliva L.) does not persist under continuous stocking with grazing animals. The creeping-rooted cultivars developed in the past were low yielding and varied in grazing persistence. The method and results of a breeding effort to develop and test high yielding, grazing-tolerant alfalfa cultivars are reported here. Replicated small plots within grazing paddocks subjected to intensive,continuous stocking with beef cattle (Bos indicus) over 2 years were used for selection and testing. This procedure was successful in producing the Alfagraze cultivar; and when used to test for grazing persistence among available cultivars, Alfagraze was consistently the most …
Problems, Potentialities And Progress In White Clover Breeding, I Rhodes, K J. Webb, D R. Evans, R P. Collins
Problems, Potentialities And Progress In White Clover Breeding, I Rhodes, K J. Webb, D R. Evans, R P. Collins
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The paper outlines the problems associated with the use of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in northern Europe and describes the potential for, and progress in, overcoming these problems through genecic improvement. Special emphasis is placed on progress in breeding for tolerance to climatic stresses, particularly high and low temperacure and water stress which also provides options for coping with future climate change. Breeding for response to environmental and biotic factors has improved general compatibility and produced varieties with increased flexibility in grazing tolerance. Such tolerance has been achieved by changing plant morphology and also by utilising greater …
Herbage Intake, Digestibility Characteristics And Milk Production Of A Diploid And Two Tetraploid Cultivars Of Perennial Ryegrass, I W. Hageman, E A. Lantinga, H Schlepers, J H. Neuteboom
Herbage Intake, Digestibility Characteristics And Milk Production Of A Diploid And Two Tetraploid Cultivars Of Perennial Ryegrass, I W. Hageman, E A. Lantinga, H Schlepers, J H. Neuteboom
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In a rotational grazing experiment with dairy cows on monocullures of a diploid and 2 tetraploid cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), at a high herbage allowance the average daily production of fat and protein together was significantly higher on the tetraploids. This was associated with a difference in herbage intake of on average 0.6 kg/cow/day of organic matter and a higher concentration of volatile fatty acids and a lower pH in the rumen.
Changes In Productivity Associated With Replacement Of Heteropogon Cotortus By Aristida Species And Chrysopogon Fallax In The Savannas Of South East Queensland, F P. Wandera, P C. Kerridge, J A. Taylor, H M. Shelton
Changes In Productivity Associated With Replacement Of Heteropogon Cotortus By Aristida Species And Chrysopogon Fallax In The Savannas Of South East Queensland, F P. Wandera, P C. Kerridge, J A. Taylor, H M. Shelton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Heteropogon contortus-dominated rangelands, which cover 22 million ha, are the most important areas for beef production in northern Australia. Due to overgrazing, this dominant species ,is disappearing and is being replaced by unpalatable species such as Aristida and Chrysopogon in a patchy mosaic pattern. In a large graiing experiment· adjacent to the CSIRO Narayen research station: in south-east Queensland on granite country, patches dominated bf the unpalatable grasses comprised 24-32% of the area. Aristida-dominant and Chrysopogon-dominant patches had lower productivity (1000 and 650 kg/ha, respectively) than areas dominated by Heteropogon contorus (1850 kg/ha). It was estimated that a rangeland …
Sward Characteristics Of A Diploid And Tetraploid Cultivar Of Perennial Ryegrass As Measured By Different Sampling Techniques, J H. Neuteboom, E A. Lantinga, H Schlepers, L 'T Mannetje
Sward Characteristics Of A Diploid And Tetraploid Cultivar Of Perennial Ryegrass As Measured By Different Sampling Techniques, J H. Neuteboom, E A. Lantinga, H Schlepers, L 'T Mannetje
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In a grazing experiment with monocultures of 2 perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars it was found that over a 6-year period the tiller density of the tetraploid Condesa was on average 27% lower than that of the diploid Wendy. The lower tiller density of Condesa went along with a more open sward structure and higher weed proportions after 6 years, Sward structure was suitably characterised by means of absence frequency estimations of rooted perennial ryegrass tillers from concentric sampling quadrats.
A Farmlet For Teaching Grazing Management, J T. Green, J P. Mueller, S P. Washburn
A Farmlet For Teaching Grazing Management, J T. Green, J P. Mueller, S P. Washburn
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The _objectives were to provide a practical production unit to train students and farm advisors and to maximise grazing, evaluate forage cultivars, document production data and utilise woodlot understorey. A year-round grazing unit was developed on a S.86 ha farmlec (70% temperate pasture; 24% subtropical pasture; 20% woods) for 22-30 ewes and their lambs, 6-8 dairy heifers, and 12-24 angora and meat goats. Farmlet N rate averaged 135 kg/ha/year with excess spring growth harvesced for winter feeding. Live-weight gain averaged 6S4 kg/ha/year. Lambs weaned/ewe exposed to ram, was 1,6 (mature) and 0.8 (yearling). Stocking rate for 3 years ranged from …
The Effect Of Grazing On Etiolated Regrowth In Eight Grass Species, H A. Lardner, S.B M. Wright, R.D H. Cohen
The Effect Of Grazing On Etiolated Regrowth In Eight Grass Species, H A. Lardner, S.B M. Wright, R.D H. Cohen
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grazing by herbivores affects grass species both morphologically and physiologically. A grazing study was conducted on an irrigated pasture near Outlook, Saskatchewan, Canada during the summers of 1991 and 1992 to determine etiolated regrowth after grazing of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners subsp. trachycaulus), intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkw. & D.R. Dewey subsp. intermedium), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), meadow bromegrass (Bromus beibersteinii Roem. & Schult.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea (Schreb.) Wimm.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) in …
Palatability Of Grasses And Grazing On Hungarian Grassland, Z Barcsak, I Kertesz, L Szeman
Palatability Of Grasses And Grazing On Hungarian Grassland, Z Barcsak, I Kertesz, L Szeman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grasslands provide the most basic and cheapest forage diet for cattle. The palatability studies were carried out on pure and mixed swards sown in 1990 on the GATE experimental farm. The studies involved the following 12 species: Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens, Festuca arundinacea, Festuca rubra, Poa pratensis, Festuca pratensis, Bromus inermis, Phalaris arundinacea, Lotus corniculatus, Agropyron crystatum, Dactylis glomerata and a mixed sward. During the study the morning and afternoon grazings were investigated with the involvement of 60 Limousin cattle. The following observations were made: 1. On the basis of our ethological observations regarding the bite rates the animals found …
Ingestive Behavior Of Fistulated And Intact Sheep Grazing Grass And Legumes Indoors And Outdoors, Y M. Gong, J Hodgson, M G. Lambert
Ingestive Behavior Of Fistulated And Intact Sheep Grazing Grass And Legumes Indoors And Outdoors, Y M. Gong, J Hodgson, M G. Lambert
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Components of short-term ingestive behaviour were recorded for fistulated and intact sheep grazing turves in indoor crates, and for esophageal-fistulated sheep grazing swards in situ in outdoor cages. Perennial ryegrass, orchard grass and white clover at vegetative and reproductive growth stages were offered to the sheep. Bite weight, depth, area and volume did not differ between sheep grazing indoors and outdoors, nor between intact and fistulated sheep. Bite rate of fistulated sheep was slower indoors than outdoors (25.3 versus 32.1 bites/min), and intact sheep had a higher biting rate (36.7 versus 25.3 bites/min) than fistulated sheep. Bite weight was over-estimated …
Influence Of Different Breeds Of Pigs To The Natural Succession, H D. Matthes, A.C D. Micklich, G Dietl, H Mohring, W Jentsch
Influence Of Different Breeds Of Pigs To The Natural Succession, H D. Matthes, A.C D. Micklich, G Dietl, H Mohring, W Jentsch
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The aim of this study was to find out the effect of pigs on the natural succession. We used 4 different breeds of pigs for our investigations. Because of the grazing behaviour and their rooting activity the total number of plants increased up to 30%. But the vegetation quickly returned to conditions prior to rooting, if the rooting activity fails to happen. Rooting activity of pigs on floodplain soil and following grazing in the next spring after rooting permits seeds of different species of plants to germinate and develop in the plant free areas. These plants often have little chance …
Sward Height On The Performance Of Cow-Calf Units And Yearling Steers Grazing Cool Season Pasture, E C. Prigge, W B. Bryan, E L. Nestor
Sward Height On The Performance Of Cow-Calf Units And Yearling Steers Grazing Cool Season Pasture, E C. Prigge, W B. Bryan, E L. Nestor
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Performance and grazing time of cow-calf units and yearling steers were determined over four years on naturalized cool season pastures maintained at a sward height of 4-6, 6-8, 8-10, or 10-12 cm. Daily gains of cows and steers responded quadratically (P<0.05) to increasing sward heights, with gains maximized at 8-10 cm. Milk production of the cows and gain of the calves were not affected (P>0.10) by sward height. Grazing days (cow-calf unit/hectare) decreased linearly (P<0.01) with increasing sward height. The proportion of the day spent grazing for cows and steers decreased in a linear manner (P<0.05) as pasture height increased. Cows spent less time grazing than steers (P<0.05) at all but the low pasture height.
Intensive Rotational Grazing Systems For Dairying In A Subtropical Environment: Animal, Plant, And Soil Responses, J H. Fike, C R. Staples, L E. Sollenberger, D A. Graetz
Intensive Rotational Grazing Systems For Dairying In A Subtropical Environment: Animal, Plant, And Soil Responses, J H. Fike, C R. Staples, L E. Sollenberger, D A. Graetz
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Forage species, stocking rate, and supplementation rate effects upon performance of lactating dairy cows were studied. Forage mass and nutritive value and nutrient concentration in shallow groundwater also were measured. Cows (n = 44) grazed bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) or rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata), stocked at 4.9 or 7.4 cows ha-1, and 2.5 or 4.9 cows ha-1, respectively. Pelleted concentrate:whole cottonseed (80:20) was offered twice daily post milking at 1 kg per 2 or 3 kg of daily milk production. Cows grazing rhizoma peanut produced more (P = .076) milk per day but had greater (P = …