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Articles 571 - 585 of 585
Full-Text Articles in Plant Pathology
Hedysarum Mongolicum Turcz.: An Important Protein Resource Legume On Dry Sandy Land, Li Min, A W. Hovin
Hedysarum Mongolicum Turcz.: An Important Protein Resource Legume On Dry Sandy Land, Li Min, A W. Hovin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In searching for plants that can both increase the protein production and improve the sandy-soil conservation of the grassland in the arid, windy regions of North China, so far, from among many native plants, we have identified Hedysarum mongolicum Turcz. as the best species to fulfill our dual purposes. We investigated its distribution, planted its native seeds in the Maowusu desert, and studied it under its native and cultivated growing conditions from 1957 to 1964. Chinese farmers call this perennial subbrush legume of the sweetvetcb genus "Yang Cai," meaning "sheep like to eat." It can thrive in the stable or …
Adaptation And Utilization Of Three Legume In China, Huang Wenhui
Adaptation And Utilization Of Three Legume In China, Huang Wenhui
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
China is a vast territory with extremely varied climates, soil, and topography, and it is very rich in pasture grass resources. The main legumes for forage are Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), yellow alfalfa (Medicago folcata L.) and shadawang (Astragalis adsurgent Pall.)
Preliminary Evaluation Of Legume Germ Plasm In The Cerrados Of Brazil, D Thomas, R P. De Andrade
Preliminary Evaluation Of Legume Germ Plasm In The Cerrados Of Brazil, D Thomas, R P. De Andrade
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In 1978 an evaluation program was initiated to select legumes that (1) grow and produce seed on acid soils under aluminum and water stress, (2) persist under grazing, and (3) tolerate pests and diseases. The work is being conducted at the Cerrados Agricultural Research Center, near Brasilia, at lat 15°S and altitude 1,000 to 1, 100 m . Annual rainfall is 1,500 mm, mostly distributed in a 6-month wet season, and mean annual temperature is 21°C. Nine hundred legume accessions from thirteen genera have now been established as spaced plants on the 2 major soil types of the region. The …
Genetics And Utilization Of Apomixis For The Improvement Of Guineagrass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.), Y H. Savidan
Genetics And Utilization Of Apomixis For The Improvement Of Guineagrass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.), Y H. Savidan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Natural polymorphism in guineagrass (Panicum maximumjacq.) has been stabilized in tetraploid biotypes by apomixis. Sexual diploids were found in East African populations. Our objective was to determine whether apomixis could be related with a simple genetic background and manipulated in an improvement program. Apomicts of guineagrass are characterized by a 4-nucleate embryo sac structure, and this trait was used in genetical analyses to differentiate apomictic from sexual hybrids. Progeny tests were also conducted as controls. Ten different types of progenies were analyzed: tetraploid sexual (from colchicine treatment of diploids) x apomictic F1 hybrids; selfed and backcrossed progenies of sexual F1 …
Breeding Challenges In Apomictic Warm-Season Grasses, E C. Bashaw, P W. Voigt, B L. Burson
Breeding Challenges In Apomictic Warm-Season Grasses, E C. Bashaw, P W. Voigt, B L. Burson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Efforts to breed apomictic grasses met with little success in the past, but results of more recent research show significant progress with some species and new prospects for improving apomicts. Early research uncovered the cytological basis for apospory and diplospory, found the common apomictic mechanisms in grasses, and showed that apomixis is transmitted from pannt to offspring. Discovery of sexual or partially sexual (facultative apomicts) plants in several species formerly considered obligate apomicts allowed for hybridization and genetic studies. Results of subsequent research confirmed inheritance of apomixis, and data from the more conclusive studies indicate that method of reproduction …
Watermelon Fungicide Guide, Anthony Keinath, Anna Sara Hill
Watermelon Fungicide Guide, Anthony Keinath, Anna Sara Hill
Horticulture
The foliar diseases gummy stem blight, powdery mildew, anthracnose, and downy mildew can reduce watermelon yields in South Carolina. Specific fungicides are needed to manage each disease. This spray guide will assist growers, Extension agents, and crop consultants recommend the appropriate fungicides based on disease symptoms and signs.
Identification, Pathogenicity, And Fungicide Sensitivity Of Itersonilia Perplexans Associated With Petal Spot Of Gerbera Cut Flowers In Colombia, Matheus Beger
All Theses
Petal diseases significantly affect gerbera cut flower production, as minor visual damage renders flowers unmarketable. Among those pathogens causing petal spots, Itersonilia perplexans affects some Asteraceae plants. However, this pathogen's impact on Colombian gerbera remains poorly studied. This study was designed to fill four gaps: molecular identification of Colombian isolates, confirmation of pathogenicity, standardized culture media, and fungicide sensitivity data. Four objectives were pursued: (i) isolate and identify the causal agent through sequencing the Internal Transcribed Spacer, Small Subunit and Large Subunit from the rDNA; (ii) evaluate pathogenicity on detached gerbera petals; (iii) identify optimal culture media for I. perplexans …
Understanding Variability In Geographic Isolate Of Rotylenchulus Reniformis Across The Us Cotton Belt, Sagar Gc
All Dissertations
Management of the reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a challenge since the resistant cultivars lack uniformity in nematode suppression when tested across multiple geographical regions. The central hypothesis of this study was that regional variability in performance of resistant cotton cultivars is associated with unique reproduction biology (reproduction and virulence) of R. reniformis from distinct geographic origins. Greenhouse studies were conducted to assess differential reproduction biology among nine geographic population of R. reniformis originated from South Carolina (SC), Alabama (AL), Florida (FL), Arkansas (AR), Georgia (GA), Louisiana (LA), Texas (TX), …
Arkansas Soybean Research Studies 2024, Jeremy Ross
Arkansas Soybean Research Studies 2024, Jeremy Ross
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
The 2024 Arkansas Soybean Research Studies includes research reports on topics pertaining to soybean across several disciplines from breeding to post-harvest processing. Research reports contained in this publication may represent preliminary or only data from a single year or limited results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for long-term recommendations. Several research reports in this publication will appear in other University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station publications. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between disciplines and our effort to inform Arkansas soybean producers of the research being …
Global Research On Palm Oil Diseases And Infections: A Bibliometric Analysis, Fahmi Achmad Saputra, Indria Puti Mustika, Anna Safarida, Catur Sriherwanto, Nicky Rahmana Putra
Global Research On Palm Oil Diseases And Infections: A Bibliometric Analysis, Fahmi Achmad Saputra, Indria Puti Mustika, Anna Safarida, Catur Sriherwanto, Nicky Rahmana Putra
Makara Journal of Technology
The sustainability of global palm oil production faces significant threats from a range of diseases and infections affecting palm oil crops. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to map the scientific landscape and evolution of research related to palm oil diseases over the past decade. Using data from the Scopus database, 366 relevant documents were analyzed using R and VOSviewer to uncover trends in publication volume, citation impact, prolific authors, country contributions, and keyword co-occurrence networks. The findings reveal a strong research concentration on G. boninense, highlighting its critical role as a persistent pathogen in oil palm plantations. Emerging …
Impact Of Pvc Microplastics On The Growth Of Raphanus Sativus, Olivia Fawkes, Alissia D. Fulton, Darlene Panvini
Impact Of Pvc Microplastics On The Growth Of Raphanus Sativus, Olivia Fawkes, Alissia D. Fulton, Darlene Panvini
SPARK Symposium Presentations
Microplastics have emerged as a growing concern due to their increasing prevalence in terrestrial ecosystems. Understanding how microplastics affect plant growth is crucial for the agricultural industry, as crop productivity and soil quality have a direct impact on food security and farm sustainability. This study examined the impact of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics on the germination and growth rate of Raphanus sativus. Seeds were grown for six weeks in a controlled growth chamber in petri plates and soil pots containing varying concentrations of PVC microplastics (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L), including untreated PVC and PVC artificially weathered through …
Integrated Management Of Diplodia Ear Rot And A Comparison Of Stenocarpella Species Affecting Corn, Luke C. Warner
Integrated Management Of Diplodia Ear Rot And A Comparison Of Stenocarpella Species Affecting Corn, Luke C. Warner
Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology
Corn is a globally important crop used for food, feed, and ethanol production, but often the grain quality is threatened by Diplodia ear rot, caused by Stenocarpella maydis and Stenocarpella macrospora. Effective management of Diplodia ear rot is difficult to achieve. This study evaluated the efficacy of foliar fungicides, including products listed by the Organic Material Research Institute (OMRI), against S. maydis in vitro and in field settings, as well as comparingthe aggressiveness of the two causal pathogens of Diplodia ear rot. The in vitro assays indicated a wide variation in sensitivity of S. maydis to the fungicide active ingredients, …
Excess Nitric Oxide Alters Cellular Ph To Restrict Salicylic Acid Movement And Systemic Immunity, Fan Xia, Huazhen Liu, Keshun Yu, Xinyu Yuan, Aardra Kachroo, Pradeep Kachroo
Excess Nitric Oxide Alters Cellular Ph To Restrict Salicylic Acid Movement And Systemic Immunity, Fan Xia, Huazhen Liu, Keshun Yu, Xinyu Yuan, Aardra Kachroo, Pradeep Kachroo
Plant Pathology Faculty Publications
Plants carrying a mutation in S-nitrosoglutathione reductase 1 (GSNOR1) accumulate high nitric oxide (NO) and exhibit impaired immunity characterized by reduced pathogen-responsive salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and failure to activate normal SA signaling. We show that this reduced SA responsiveness in gsnor1 plants arises from impaired vascular-associated movement of SA, thereby compromising systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Elevated NO perturbs cellular pH homeostasis, acidifying the apoplast and alkalinizing the cytosol, which likely interferes with phloem-associated SA movement and renders gsnor1 plants unresponsive to foliar SA. In contrast, SA supplied via root drench restores SA signaling and SAR in gsnor1, …
The Geminivirus Al2 Protein Interacts With Host Proteins Involved In The Plant Antiviral Response, Pheobean Atieno Odongo
The Geminivirus Al2 Protein Interacts With Host Proteins Involved In The Plant Antiviral Response, Pheobean Atieno Odongo
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Geminiviruses are economically important plant DNA viruses infecting a broad range of plant species and causing devastating crop diseases, resulting in up to 100% crop loss. As a result of these heavy losses on food and cash crops, these viruses represent a new threat to global food security and sustainability. In this research, I use Tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) to study host-virus relationships with an overall goal of developing sustainable and eco-friendly crop resistance. TGMV belongs to the Geminivirus subgroup, Begomovirus, that is characterized by a split genome consisting of two single-stranded circular DNAs. The TGMV genome encodes proteins …
Variable Temperature And Moisture Requirements For Germination Within Populations Of Kochia (Bassia Scoparia) In Field Margins, Brian Schutte, Rebecca Creamer
Variable Temperature And Moisture Requirements For Germination Within Populations Of Kochia (Bassia Scoparia) In Field Margins, Brian Schutte, Rebecca Creamer
Entomology, Plant Pathology, & Weed Science: Datasets
No abstract provided.