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Articles 31 - 60 of 1979
Full-Text Articles in Plant Pathology
Harvesting And Processing Techniques Of Tropical Grass And Legume Seeds For Smallfarmers, Lumyai Kowithayakorn, Chaisang Phaikaew
Harvesting And Processing Techniques Of Tropical Grass And Legume Seeds For Smallfarmers, Lumyai Kowithayakorn, Chaisang Phaikaew
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
For smallfarmers of forage legumes and grasses in Thailand, manual harvesting and cleaning of leguminous seeds have been widely practised because of cheap and available labour. Tropical grasses produce more seeds than can be harvested; hence it is necessary to find means to improve harvesting and processing techniques in order to obtain high standards of both quality and quantity of seed. The main obstacles could be due to prolonged flowering nnd grain filling periods of individual seedheads resulting in the uneven ripening of seeds at harvest. Premature seeds cause low yields and low quality nt harvests in many species. Flowering …
Effects Of Seedbed Environment Of Germination And Seedling Establishment Of Spiny Hopsage (Grayia Spinosa [Hook.] Moq.), Nancy L. Shaw, Marshall R. Haferkamp
Effects Of Seedbed Environment Of Germination And Seedling Establishment Of Spiny Hopsage (Grayia Spinosa [Hook.] Moq.), Nancy L. Shaw, Marshall R. Haferkamp
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study exam!ned the influence of seedbed micro-environment on germination and seedling establishment of spiny hopsage (Grayia spinosa (Hook.J Moq.) in the shrub steppe of western North America. Two seed collections were drilled in late autumn, early spring and late spring 1987-88. With low precipitation, seedlings established only from late-autumn plantings (
Yield, Composition And In Vitro Digestibility Of Russell Lupin, S M. Kitessa, G D. Hill, A M. Nicol
Yield, Composition And In Vitro Digestibility Of Russell Lupin, S M. Kitessa, G D. Hill, A M. Nicol
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Six harvests were made (at 3-weekly intervals) from spring regrowth of Russell lupin (Lupinus polyphyllus x Lupinus arboreus ) to evaluate changes in yield and nutritive value with plant maturity. Dry matter (DM) yield and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) concentration increased from 40 to 160 g/plant and 24 to 46%, respectively, while nitrogen concentration, in vitro cellulase DM and organic matter digestibility decreased from 4.5-2.4%, 77-56% and 81-55%, respectively, as the lupins matured from late vegetative to hard pod stage. Peak digestible DM (DDM) yields of Russell lupins, at about 90 g/plant, occurred at full bloom and dry pod, …
Control Of Oxytropis Ochrocephala Bge. On The Mountainous Pasture Of Southern Ningxia, China, Guo Sijia, Chen Yizhong, Li Kechang, Xu Rong
Control Of Oxytropis Ochrocephala Bge. On The Mountainous Pasture Of Southern Ningxia, China, Guo Sijia, Chen Yizhong, Li Kechang, Xu Rong
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Oxytropls ochrocephala Bge., the main poisonous plant on the mountainous pasture in southern Ningxia, has Increased dramatically as a result of overgrazing, The results of a series of studies on control of this plant show the following 3 ways are effective, (1) Spraying selective herbicide Butylate which makes the unpalatable dicotyledons drop by 37% and poisonous plant drop by 86.8% while the palatable grasses increase by 230%; the total yield is raised by 5.4%. This method can both control the poisonous plant and improve the pasture. (2) Spraying herbicides Starane, T-101, D-250, etc., which can specifically kill Oxytropis ochrocephala …
Tussac Grass (Parodiochloa Flabellata): A Potentially Valuable Forage For Winter Grazing In The Falkland Islands. Ii. Restoration Of A Natural Resource, G M. Hoppe, S G. Howlett, J A. Kerr
Tussac Grass (Parodiochloa Flabellata): A Potentially Valuable Forage For Winter Grazing In The Falkland Islands. Ii. Restoration Of A Natural Resource, G M. Hoppe, S G. Howlett, J A. Kerr
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Tussac grass (Parodiocholoa flabellata) is a coastal tussock-fonning grass and is potentially the most valuable source of winter feed and shelter for livestock and as a wildlife habitat. Tussac grass herbage provides a feed of high digestibility throughout the year and is unrivalled by any other native plant species in the Falkland Islands. Historical records indicate that this was recognised as a valuable resource; sadly however, an estimated 81% of the former coastal tussac fringe has disappeared and only approximately S000 ha remain. Recent changes in farm ownership and farming attitudes have resulted in a greater awareness of …
Tussac Grass (Parodiochloa Flabellata): A Potentially Valuable Forage For Winter Grazing In The Falkland Islands. I. Past Use And Management, D.W H. Walton, J H. Mcadam, J A. Kerr
Tussac Grass (Parodiochloa Flabellata): A Potentially Valuable Forage For Winter Grazing In The Falkland Islands. I. Past Use And Management, D.W H. Walton, J H. Mcadam, J A. Kerr
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Tussac grass (Parodiochloa flabellala) is a tall (up to 3 m), tussockforming, coastal grass reported by settlers in the early 1800s to be the best grazing for cattle and horses. Fire and uncontrolled grazing with sheep during the late 19th and early 20th centuries caused widespread damage to the coastal tussac fringe. Although some replanting by hand occurred, on most of the larger farms lack of protection to sensitive tussac stands has resulted in a decline in the total area from around 22 000 ha originally to an estimated 4000 ha in 1988. During the 20th century some …
Effects Of Burning And Grazing On Stability Of Upland Snow Tussock (Chionochloa Spp.) Rangeland In South Island, New Zealand, A F. Mark
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A brief history of the origin and I SO years of pastoral use is given for the rangelands of New Zealand's South Island rain-shadow mountains. Deterioration of the upland snow tussock (Chionochloa spp,) rangelands is outlined and the explanations emerging from detailed ecological research, especially over the last 3 decades, are presented. Modifications to the burning and grazing, as traditionally practised, will be the basis for sustaining the rangeland resource and are now required by legislation.
Growth And Persistence Of Trifolium Ambiguum On "High Country" In Tasmania, Australia, J J. Yates
Growth And Persistence Of Trifolium Ambiguum On "High Country" In Tasmania, Australia, J J. Yates
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Trifolium ambiguum has been grown from seed in small plots, generally in association with Poa pratensis and under irregular, intermittent grazing, at a site located about latitude 42°S at an elevation of c. 1030 m, on reddish-brown, stony soil. Si)( cultivars were sown in 1979 after the successful establishment of one cultivar (Summit) some years earlier. Establishment from seed was very slow, little herbage being produced in the first 2 or 3 years. Maximum production has been achieved at about year 7 or 8, with total dry mailer yields of 550-750 g/m1 and clover content varying generally between 40% and …
High-Elevation Rangeland In The Himalaya And Tibetan Plateau: Issues, Perspective And Strategies For Livestock Development And Resource Conservation, Daniel J. Miller, Donald J. Bedunah
High-Elevation Rangeland In The Himalaya And Tibetan Plateau: Issues, Perspective And Strategies For Livestock Development And Resource Conservation, Daniel J. Miller, Donald J. Bedunah
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The high-elevation rangelands of the Himalaya and Tibetan Plaleau have supported pastoral cultures for thousands of years while sustaining a diverse and unique flora and fauna. These rangelands are coming under increasing pressure from an expanding human population bul, properly managed, they should sustain watersheds, supply much of the projected increased demand for lives lock products and provide critical habitat for endemic wildlife, including many endangered species. Despite the extent and importance of this cold, semi-arid rangeland ecosystem there have been few scientific studies and little interest from development agencies regarding the management of these areas. Range and livestock development …
Strategies For Maintenance And Restoration Of Soil, Water, Flora, And Fauna In Cold Temperate Rangelands. Ii. Technology Transfer Through A Fully Integrated Natural Resource Decision-Support, Jack R. Carlson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Natural resource management in cold temperate rangelands requires a comprehensive approach and must deal with considerable complexity. This paper presents the second of two proposed strategies for these rangelands: develop and apply an integrated, internationally co-ordinated, natural resource decision-support system. Such an approach should enable land managers to balance uses to maintain soil, water, flora and fauna resources al acceptable quality levels, Natural resource agencies and groups should collaborate on standards for developing the software in the system. The approach of one natural resource agency is presented here and offered here as one element for further discussion of a co-ordinated …
Strategies For Maintenance And Restoration Of Soil, Water, Flora And Fauna Resources In Cold Temperate Rangeland. I. Grass Is Not Always King; Manage For Diversity, Bruce L. Welch
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To conserve natural resources on rangelands requires an integrated systems approach to management. This approach typifies strategic plans or initiatives of natural resource agencies involved with the management of cold temperate rangelands. Expounding on this theme, this paper (Part I) proposes one of two strategic actions: increase and optimise the use of shrub plant resources on rangelands. (The second strategy is discussed in the subsequent paper, Part II.) Shrubs contain many attributes not found in grasses or other herbaceous species that favourably affect hydrologic, soil conservation, plant growth, and other fundamental processes that characterise natural resource interactions.
A Seed Supply Project For Tropical Forage Species In The Amazon Region Of Peru, J E. Ferguson, F Hidalgo, J Vela, G Silva, C Reyes, R Perez
A Seed Supply Project For Tropical Forage Species In The Amazon Region Of Peru, J E. Ferguson, F Hidalgo, J Vela, G Silva, C Reyes, R Perez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A multi-institutional seed supply project was conducted with activities in seed production, purchase and distribution; training and revision; technical assistance; and applied research. Over a 5-year period, 2 regional project nuclei were established and consolidated with minimum equipment and through training. A composite total of 8.5 t of seeds (i.e., all materials) were produced and distributed mainly for on-station and on-farm evaluation of grass-legume associations. The nuclei were sharefarmed with small-farmers and from 24 novices 4 experienced multipliers were identified. A rotating fund was a key financial mechanism. Annual reviews were highly participatory and included reporting, training, analysis and planning. …
Commercial Seed Production Of Tropical Forage Grasses And Legumes In Costa Rica, Rosemary Sylvester-Bradley, J E. Ferguson
Commercial Seed Production Of Tropical Forage Grasses And Legumes In Costa Rica, Rosemary Sylvester-Bradley, J E. Ferguson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
ABSTRACT A commercial seed enterprise with the initial objective of producing and marketing seeds of recently selected pasture species (Brachriaria dictyoneura and Arachis pintoi) oo small farms in the south west of Costa Rica is described. Farmers provide land and fencing and use the seed plots for grazing when not In the flowering period. The enterprise provides labour and technical organisation for establishment and seed production. Costs of organisation, and research and development work were greater than production costs; To achieve profitability the enterprise needs to increase net income possibly through share-cropping including animal production, and diversification into …
Ruzi Grass (Brachiaria Ruziziensis) Seed Production In North-East Thailand, Chaisang Phaikaew, Chanchai Manidool, Pimpaporn Devahuti
Ruzi Grass (Brachiaria Ruziziensis) Seed Production In North-East Thailand, Chaisang Phaikaew, Chanchai Manidool, Pimpaporn Devahuti
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The recent expansion of beef and dairy production in Thailand has increased demand for pasture seed. Ruzi grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis) seed production has increased from 18 tin 1983 to 466 tin 1991. The; production sites are in the north east, where soils and climate are most suitable for seed production. 60% of all ruzi seed is being produced by smallfarmers; the rest is produced by government stations. Average farmer yield of rilzi is 400 kg • seed/h'a, with each farmer contracted 'to grow 0.32 h�� of ruzi grass, at a guaranteed price of US$2/kg; Abo·ut 2700 farmers are …
Effects Of Storage Period, Disease Infection And Treatment With Potassium Nitrate On Viability And Germination Rate Of Guinea Grass, Okoro Oji, F N. Madubuike, F.O C. Ezedinma
Effects Of Storage Period, Disease Infection And Treatment With Potassium Nitrate On Viability And Germination Rate Of Guinea Grass, Okoro Oji, F N. Madubuike, F.O C. Ezedinma
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Mature seeds harvested from both fungicide-sprayed and unsprayed portions of plots, were stored and used in germination trials to test the effects of length of storage, disease infection and treatment with potassium nitrate solution on germination of guinea grass (Panicum maximum). There was no germination before 14 weeks of post-harvest storage irrespective of fungicidal treatment. Among the fungicide• sprayed seeds, germination was highest with 18 weeks' storage, suggesting a probable inactivity of the embryo when freshly harvested and up to 17 weeks' post-harvest storage. Treatment with potassium nitrate appeared to increase germination in Panicum maximum. For the …
Model Herbage Seed Farm Establishment In South-West China, Guizhou Province, M P. Rolston, G W. Lill, R W. Brougham, Xie Jishi
Model Herbage Seed Farm Establishment In South-West China, Guizhou Province, M P. Rolston, G W. Lill, R W. Brougham, Xie Jishi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A model herbage seed farm was established during 1983-1988 in Guizhou to provide a base for research, training and the product.ion of quality seed for smallholder pasture development. The site is at 26°N in a monsoonal subtropical zone at 1000 m asl. Mean monthly temperatures range from 4°C in winter to 25°C in summer. Seed yield potential of cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata), white clover (Trifolium repens) and red clover (Trifolium pratense) was evaluated. Major nutrient limitations were identified, including responses to K and P. Management strategies to …
Pasture Seed Production In Tanzania, M L. Kusekwa, M M.S Lugenja, D B. Mpiri, J.K K. Msechu
Pasture Seed Production In Tanzania, M L. Kusekwa, M M.S Lugenja, D B. Mpiri, J.K K. Msechu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grass seed of Chloris gayana, Branchiaria ruzizinsis, Cenchrus ciliaris, Panicum maximum and legume seeds of Macroptilium atropurpureum, Neonotonia wightii, Macrotyloma axillare, Stylosanthes spp., Desmodium pp., Centrosema spp. and Macrotyloma axillare are produced by government institutions and small-scale dairy producers in Tanzania. In the last 5 years 2-10 t of seed have been produced annually.· The producers have been responsible for the disposal of seeds. Small-scale seed producers have acquired seed production skills through short courses and farmers' day festivals. The World Food Programme has financed production of improved pasture seeds al government institutions and this has assisted in …
Seed Production Of Centro Under Three Support Systems: Unstaked, Staked And Growing With Cassava, P Lusembo, E N. Sabiiti, C E. Ebong
Seed Production Of Centro Under Three Support Systems: Unstaked, Staked And Growing With Cassava, P Lusembo, E N. Sabiiti, C E. Ebong
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A study was conducted to determine whether cassava could provide the necessary support to increase seed yields of centro (Cemrosema pubescens). The effect of centro on cassava tuber yield and the cost of production of centro seed under 3 production systems, i.e., unslaked, staked and supported by cassava, were determined. Results showed that centro twining on cassava yielded more seed than the unstaked one. It was slightly but significantly (P<0.05) less than that of staked cenlro. Centro did not affect cassava tuber yield. Production costs of 1 kg of seed were equivalent to US$1.2, 2 and 3.7 for centro supported by cassava, unslaked and staked, respectively. It was concluded that centro seed could be easily and economically produced on small-scale farm holdings in Uganda where cassava in widely grown.
Efficiency Of Grassland Areas Of Desert Steppe In North China, Wang Ning, Wang Kezhi
Efficiency Of Grassland Areas Of Desert Steppe In North China, Wang Ning, Wang Kezhi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
On the desert steppe of Yanchi County of Ningxia Province, where 1he annual precipilalion is only 300 mm, some methods, including reducing unirrigated land, exploiting water resources, cultivating grasses, planting trees and developing animal husbandry, have been used to improve production. After 10 years the poor villages have become richer; the cultivated grassland is up to 44% of the total arable area and the forest cover to 15%; value of livestock farming output has increased by as much as 5 times, gross yields of grain have increased 1.5-fold, and the average income per capita increased more than 5-fold.
Some Problems Hindering Forage Seed Production In Cameroon, E Tedonkeng Pamo
Some Problems Hindering Forage Seed Production In Cameroon, E Tedonkeng Pamo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Seed production is a key factor for successful and increased agricultural production both in favourable and unfavourable environments. In many developing countries, seed production in general, and forage seed production in particular, have often been neglected. As n result, very litlle information exists in this area. This study was carried out to assess forage seed production and perspectives in Cameroon. The findings indicate that large quantities of forage seed have been introduced in Cameroon but very little has reached the farmers because of political nnd institutional problems and lack of extension assistance at farm level. This points to a necessity …
Towards More Forage Seeds For Small Farmers In Latin America, J E. Ferguson, G Sauma
Towards More Forage Seeds For Small Farmers In Latin America, J E. Ferguson, G Sauma
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Smallfarmers in Latin America are scattered among different agroecosystems, such as: Andean highlands; Central American and Andean hillsides; Amazonian basin forest margins; and non-Andean crop margins. Forages, mainly grasses, are used to different degrees in mainly mixed and diversified crop-livestock farming syslems. The range of species, both temperate and tropical, is wide and increasing. Seed supply is variable, but limited by the range and availabilily of materials, variable quality of tropical grasses and high prices. Seed systems tend to be informal and incipient, especially with tropical species. This paper describes five seed projects and seed enterprises and draws generalisations from …
Sustainable Supplies Of Quality Herbage Seed For Sub-Saharan Africa Smallholders, R Griffiths
Sustainable Supplies Of Quality Herbage Seed For Sub-Saharan Africa Smallholders, R Griffiths
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
SubSaharan Africa herbnge seed activities were evaluated by means of questionnaires. Topics ranged from collection and evaluation, through multiplication to distribulio,n nnd seed quality. The current smallholder lack of access lo herbage seed supplies is discussed and proposals for overcoming this problem submitted for consideration by those concerned.
Interaction Of Drill Type And Herbicide On Pasture Establishment In Semi-Arid Environments, W L. Lowther, R F. Horrell, P D. Johnstone, K D. Trainor
Interaction Of Drill Type And Herbicide On Pasture Establishment In Semi-Arid Environments, W L. Lowther, R F. Horrell, P D. Johnstone, K D. Trainor
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Results are presented from an overdrilling experiment comparing a conventional triple-disc drill with an' experimental single-pass stripseeder drill designed to remove competing vegetation mechanically; Herbicide application markedly increased herbage mass of sown species in the triple-disc treatments. ,However, herbage mass was. ��igher from the strip-seeder drill than the .triple-disc in both ihe' nbsence and presence of herbicide. The results indicate the potential of the strip-seeder drill technology for cost-effective establishment of pasture species in difficult environments.
A 52-Year Ecological History Of Selected Introduced And Native Grasses Planted In Central Idaho, Stephen B. Monsen, Val Jo Anderson
A 52-Year Ecological History Of Selected Introduced And Native Grasses Planted In Central Idaho, Stephen B. Monsen, Val Jo Anderson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study evaluated the longevity of 132 introduced and iiative grass ecotypes seeded on a mountain big sagebrush-bluebunch wheatgrass (Atremisia tridentata ssp. vaseeyana-Agropyron spicatum) site in south• central Idaho. Species were established by direct seeding in 2 randomly replicated plots in 1939. Plantings were evaluated annually for 10 years and then at approximately 10-year intervals until 1991. Intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron lntermedium), Fairway crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum), and sulcata sheep fescue (Festuca ovina ssp. sulcata) were the primary introductions that persisted throughout the study. Native bluebunch wheatgrass and western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii) were equally …
Effect Of Direct Drilling On The Establishment On The Establishment And Growth Of Birdsfoot Trefoil In Montane Tussock Grasslands, R F. Woodman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Establishment of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) using an experimental strip-seeder drill was compared with that of a conventional triple disc in the presence and absence of paraquat in the Mackenzie Basin, South Island, New Zealand. Measurements of shoot, root and nodule formation showed that plants established with the experimental strip-seeder drill nodulated earlier and had significantly greater vigour than those established with the disc drill. These results are discussed in relation to the ability of the experimental strip-seeder to improve plant growth, survival and yield in stressed environments compared to the triple disc.
Pasture Grasses For Semi-Arid Environments In New Zealand, R F. Woodman
Pasture Grasses For Semi-Arid Environments In New Zealand, R F. Woodman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The production of 8 dryland forage gross species and compatibility with lucerne were evaluated over a period of 2 years in the Hakataramea Valley, South Canterbury, New Zealand. Black Mountain rye (Seca le 1110111am1111) is highly promising as a palatable, drought, frost- and pest-tolerant species that provides large amounts of green feed, par ticularly in early spring and autumn. Cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerala), tall oat grass (A rrhenalherum e/atius), smooth brome (Bro111 11s inennis) and phalaris (Phalaris aq11atica) also show potential as productive drought-tolerant grasses, compatible with lucerne (Medicago saliva cv .), and exhibiting good cool•season growth. Wheatgrass (Electrlgia i111ermedia) appears …
Improvement Of Shrub-Covered Hill Pasture By Root Raking: Effect Of Aspect, Superphosphate And Time From Sowing On Nitrogen Fixation And Clover Growth, M P. Rolston, J R. Crush, B P. Devantier
Improvement Of Shrub-Covered Hill Pasture By Root Raking: Effect Of Aspect, Superphosphate And Time From Sowing On Nitrogen Fixation And Clover Growth, M P. Rolston, J R. Crush, B P. Devantier
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
New white clover (Trifolium repens) grass pastures were established on shrub-covered hill slopes cleared by bulldozer root raking, The site included north and south aspects, and plots were individually fenced and grazed with sheep with superphosphate treatments of 1815 or 790 kg/ha (9% P). Nitrogen fixation was assessed over 5 years, with up. to 308 kg N/ha fixed in year I. Nitrogen fixation rates declined with time and were 72% higher on the moister southern aspect, and 33% higher with high superphosphate. Clover production showed similar trends. Nitrogen fixation efficiency (kg N fixed/I clover dry matter) increased from …
Breeding Switchgrass For Improved Animal Performance, K P. Vogel, K J. Moore, A A. Hopkins
Breeding Switchgrass For Improved Animal Performance, K P. Vogel, K J. Moore, A A. Hopkins
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Studies on breeding and evaluating switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) for improved animal performance have been conducted for the last 18 years. !ti vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) has been increased 3 8 g/kg after 3 cycles of selection; demonstrating· that IVDMD of switchgrass can be improved using recurrent, phenotypjc selection. Digestibility of plant tillers collected at panicle emergence was an excellent predictor of IVDMD of progeny in pastures or swards during the growing season. Small improvements in IVDMD (20-30 g/kg} significantly improved average daily gains and gains/ha (17-24 %) of beer cattle (Bos taurus) grazing switchgrass. It should …
Fertilizer Policies For Grassland Production In Winter Cold High Country In The South Island New Zealand And Southern China, C C. Boswell, M.J S. Floate
Fertilizer Policies For Grassland Production In Winter Cold High Country In The South Island New Zealand And Southern China, C C. Boswell, M.J S. Floate
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Fertiliser policies for legume-based pastures on the high plateau of Guizhou province southern China are compared with those for the South Island of New Zealand, Guizhou policy is reduced to a few essentials. Choice of fertiliser is restricted; severe phosphorus deficiency is corrected with locally manufactured fused calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium deficiency with imported potassium sulphate or chloride. A simple recommendation applies for establishment and maintaining production over vast areas and potentially to huge numbers of small farms (3-7 ha). In the South Island high country, fertiliser forms and rates are matched as far as possible to the variety of …
Residual Effects Of Oversowing, Overdrilling, And Herbicide In The Long-Term Control Of Hieracium Pilosella In Otago, New Zealand, G G. Cossens, C C. Boswell
Residual Effects Of Oversowing, Overdrilling, And Herbicide In The Long-Term Control Of Hieracium Pilosella In Otago, New Zealand, G G. Cossens, C C. Boswell
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The mat-forming weed Hieracium pilosella {mouse-eared hawkweed) has become a major problem of tussock grasslands in New Zealand. Thirteen trials investigating methods of hawkweed control were laid down during 1975-80, monitored for 3 years, and subsequently reassessed in 1991. When grazing was excluded hawkweed was reduced from 60 to 3% ground cover within 18 months by topdressing and oversowing or overdrilling legumes; and to 22% by the use of the herbicides, 2,4 D and mecoprop-MCPA-dicamba. With grazing and no further topdressing, these improved lands reverted to hawkweed at a mean rate of 2-3%/year, as did overgrazed unimproved tussock grassland. In …