Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Biology (7)
- Agricultural Science (4)
- Genetics and Genomics (4)
- Plant Biology (4)
- Agriculture (3)
-
- Molecular Genetics (3)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (2)
- Bioinformatics (2)
- Botany (2)
- Microbiology (2)
- Molecular Biology (2)
- Virology (2)
- Agronomy and Crop Sciences (1)
- Biochemistry (1)
- Biosecurity (1)
- Food Microbiology (1)
- Food Science (1)
- Fruit Science (1)
- Horticulture (1)
- Integrative Biology (1)
- Systems Biology (1)
- Keyword
-
- GRD (3)
- Ginseng (3)
- Phytophthora sojae (3)
- Soybean (3)
- TuMV (3)
-
- Avirulence (2)
- Ginseng replant disease (2)
- Potyvirus (2)
- Potyviruses (2)
- Agrobacterium rhizogenes (1)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens (1)
- Agroecology (1)
- Applied mycology (1)
- Arabidopsis DEAD-box RNA helicase (AtRH) (1)
- Arabidopsis importin α (1)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (1)
- Avr2 (1)
- Avr3a gene (1)
- BPEV (1)
- Biosynthesis (1)
- Biotic and abiotic stress (1)
- CGMMV (1)
- Candidate gene (1)
- Cell-to-cell movement (1)
- Co-pathogen (1)
- Coat protein (1)
- Cross protection. (1)
- DNA extraction (1)
- Differential expression (1)
- EIF(iso)4E (1)
- Publication
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Plant Pathology
Molecular Identification And Characterization Of Heat Shock Protein 70 Family Proteins Essential For Turnip Mosaic Virus Infection In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Ziwei Tang
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) belongs to the RNA virus family of Potyviridae and genus Potyvirus. TuMV incurs agricultural losses by causing diseases in vegetable, oilseed, forage, and biofuel crops globally. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites depending on the host cellular machinery to proliferate. Thus, molecular identification and functional characterization of host factors essential in the viral infection process may open up a new avenue towards developing genetic virus resistance. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) or its isoform (eIF(iso)4E) is a critical host factor for many potyviruses including TuMV. Heat shock protein 70 family proteins (HSP70) have been identified in …
Fungal Co-Pathogenicity On Panax Quinquefolius, Andrea Ong
Fungal Co-Pathogenicity On Panax Quinquefolius, Andrea Ong
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is a perennial crop commonly grown for its medicinal properties. Ginseng replant disease (GRD) is a condition that prevents the re-cultivation of ginseng in previous ginseng gardens and is normally associated with extensive root rot caused by the fungus Ilyonectria mors-panacis. My project aims to investigate the relationship common GRD fungal pathogens and their pathogenicity on 1 year old ginseng seedlings.
A Bacterial Microbiome Analysis Of Solarized Ginseng Garden Soils, Anka Colo
A Bacterial Microbiome Analysis Of Solarized Ginseng Garden Soils, Anka Colo
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is a highly valued perennial crop grown for its roots during a four-year cultivation cycle. American ginseng is subject to ginseng replant disease (GRD) in which severe root rot develops in newly planted ginseng grown in a former ginseng garden. A common strategy to mitigating GRD is not available and techniques such as fumigation, fungicides, and biocontrol are ineffective, banned, or are slowly being phased out. Alternatively, soil solarization is a pre-plant technique used to treat soil to reduce disease inoculum and alter soil microbiomes. In summer 2019, a six-week soil solarization experiment was …
Manipulating The Root Mycobiome To Improve Plant Performance And Reduce Pathogen Pressure In Corn (Zea Mays), Noor F. Saeed Cheema
Manipulating The Root Mycobiome To Improve Plant Performance And Reduce Pathogen Pressure In Corn (Zea Mays), Noor F. Saeed Cheema
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Crop yield often varies within a field of a single genetically uniform crop plant, with the causes presumed to be a mix of both biotic and abiotic factors. Manipulating crop root mycobiomes could potentially increase yield by reducing pathogen impacts and improving access to soil water and nutrients. This study aimed to identify different fungal inoculation treatments that could increase the growth of corn seedlings sown in low productivity soils to that in high productivity soils and shift the root mycobiome composition. Fungal inoculation treatments did not have significantly different root mycobiome composition than seedlings grown in low yield control …
Optimization Of Dna Extraction From Difficult Sandy-Loam Soils, Anka Colo
Optimization Of Dna Extraction From Difficult Sandy-Loam Soils, Anka Colo
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
Ginseng is a high value perennial crop grown for its roots. A four-year cultivation cycle is required to obtain marketable ginseng roots, during which a condition called ginseng replant disease (GRD) develops. GRD is characterized by a severe root rot disease, and prevents the growth of newly planted ginseng in a former ginseng garden1. Microbiome analysis of ginseng garden soil will help our understanding of the formation of GRD and its severity. However, extracting DNA from the sandy-loam soils required for ginseng cultivation is difficult. Commercial kits are either too expensive or not applicable to the large volumes of soil …
Molecular Identification And Characterization Of Viral Pathogens Infecting Sweet Cherry, Aaron J. Simkovich
Molecular Identification And Characterization Of Viral Pathogens Infecting Sweet Cherry, Aaron J. Simkovich
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Stone fruits are a valuable crop grown worldwide, however pathogens such as viruses threaten fruit production by reducing tree health and fruit yield. In an orchard within the Niagara region of Ontario, symptoms typical of viral infection such as chlorosis and leaf deformation were seen on sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) trees. Next generation sequencing was performed on symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves and four viruses were identified. On the tree displaying the most severe symptoms, Prune dwarf virus (PDV), was the only virus detected. A survey conducted during this work showed 42% of cherry trees on a single …
Characterization Of The Coat Protein Of Turnip Mosaic Virus And Its Arabidopsis Interactors In The Virus Infection Process, Zhaoji Dai
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Viruses are infectious and obligate intracellular parasites. Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) is a member of the genus Potyvirus which comprises many agriculturally important viral pathogens that threaten crop production. Potyviruses are fully dependent on the host cellular machinery to fulfil their infection cycle in plant hosts. It is well accepted that viral coat protein (CP) is a multifunctional protein that plays key roles in virus propagation and host-virus interactions. This dissertation project aimed to investigate the role of CP in TuMV cell-to-cell movement, to identify the host interactors of TuMV CP, and further to characterize their roles in TuMV infection. …
Molecular Characterization Of Viruses Infecting Greenhouse Vegetables In Ontario, Bin Chen
Molecular Characterization Of Viruses Infecting Greenhouse Vegetables In Ontario, Bin Chen
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Greenhouse vegetable production is a very important and successful agricultural sector in Ontario. However, newly emerging viral or virus-like diseases have become a major limiting factor in greenhouse vegetable production. To determine the identity of the viral pathogens in the three major greenhouse vegetables in Ontario, we conducted in-depth sequencing of small RNAs isolated from virally infected plants used next-generation sequencing technology. Subsequent bioinformatics analyses revealed six viral pathogens including Bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV), Parietaria mottle virus (PMoV), Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), Tobacco streak virus (TSV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), and Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV). The full-length …
Identification And Characterization Of The Isoflavonoid-Specific Prenyltransferase Gene Family To Prevent Stem And Root Rot In Soybean, Arjun Sukumaran
Identification And Characterization Of The Isoflavonoid-Specific Prenyltransferase Gene Family To Prevent Stem And Root Rot In Soybean, Arjun Sukumaran
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Soybean is one of the most predominantly grown legumes worldwide, however, one deterrent to maximizing its yield is the pathogen, Phytophthora sojae, which causes stem and root rot disease. Many strategies have been implemented to combat this pathogen such as use of pesticides and certain agricultural practices. However, these have been largely ineffective in completely preventing P. sojae infection. An alternative strategy would be to improve the innate resistance of soybean by promoting increased glyceollin production. Glyceollins are soybean-specific antimicrobial agents which are derived from the isoflavonoid branch of the general phenylpropanoid pathway. Soybeans produce 3 forms of glyceollin: …
Inheritance, Differential Expression, And Candidate Gene Analyses For Avr2 In Phytophthora Sojae, Chelsea S. Ishmael
Inheritance, Differential Expression, And Candidate Gene Analyses For Avr2 In Phytophthora Sojae, Chelsea S. Ishmael
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Phytophthora sojae is an oomycete responsible for seed, root and stem rot of soybean plants. Managing this disease relies on growing soybean cultivars with race-specific resistance (Rps) genes that deliver complete host immunity in the presence of corresponding pathogen avirulence (Avr) effector proteins. The aims of this study were to characterize virulence towards Rps2 among different P. sojae strains, track the inheritance of this trait, and attempt to identify an Avr2 gene. Fifteen P. sojae strains were tested for virulence towards Rps2 and crosses were performed between selected virulent and avirulent strains to follow the inheritance of virulence. …
Functional Characterization Of P3n-Pipo Protein In The Potyviral Life Cycle, Hoda Yaghmaiean
Functional Characterization Of P3n-Pipo Protein In The Potyviral Life Cycle, Hoda Yaghmaiean
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Potyviruses represent the largest genus of plant-infecting viruses and include many agriculturally important viruses such as Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and Plum pox virus (PPV). The potyviral genome consists of a large open reading frame (ORF) and a small ORF owing to a translational or transcriptional slippage in the P3 cistron. The polyproteins encoded by these two ORFs are proteolytically processed into 11 mature proteins. Recent studies have shown that P3N-PIPO, the frameshift resulting protein, is a plasmodesmata (PD)-located protein and involved in potyviral cell-to-cell movement by mediating the targeting of the potyviral CI protein to …
Identification Of Putative Plant Defense Genes Using A Novel Hydroponic Co-Cultivation Technique For Studying Plant-Pathogen Interaction, Naeem Nathoo
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Previous work on identifying the molecular mechanisms mediating plant-pathogen interactions and reciprocal host responses have little emphasis on developing models that closely resemble host-microbe interaction in planta. This work establishes an amalgamated model of interaction wherein successful pathogens elicit and overcome host defenses activated by microbial signatures and virulence factors. Using a hydroponic co-cultivation model, we assessed the responses of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 to Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 to ameliorate limitations of previous approaches. Comparisons of differential gene expression between directly and indirectly affected host sites by microarray analysis revealed both reactive and pro-active defense responses, respectively. Selected homozygous single-gene …
Molecular Identification And Characterization Of Host Dead-Box Rna Helicases That Are Associated With Turnip Mosaic Virus Infection, Yinzi Li
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Plant viruses have small and compact genomes whose coding capacity is not sufficient to fulfil the viral life cycle. Thus, they are largely dependent on the host by recruiting many host components such as proteins and membranes. Many efforts have been made towards understanding the role of host factors and recent progress has led to the identification and characterization of a number of important host factors recruited for plant virus replication. DEAD-box RNA helicases (RHs) have been shown to play multiple roles in RNA metabolism, including remodeling RNA structures and promoting RNA-protein association/dissociation. During viral replication, RHs are implicated in …
Inheritance Of Virulence In The Root Rot Pathogen Phytophthora Sojae, Sirjana Devi Shrestha
Inheritance Of Virulence In The Root Rot Pathogen Phytophthora Sojae, Sirjana Devi Shrestha
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The oomycete Phytophthora sojae causes stem and root rot of soybean plants. The interaction of pathogen avirulence (Avr) and host resistance (R)-genes determine the disease outcome. The Avr3a mRNA transcript level is variable among P. sojae strains and determines virulence towards the R-gene Rps3a. To study the inheritance of virulence, genetic crosses and self-fertilizations were performed. A cross between P. sojae strains ACR10 and P7076 causes transgenerational gene silencing of Avr3a allele, and this effect is meiotically stable up to the F5 generation. However, test-crosses of F1 (Avr3aACR10/Avr3a …
Hairy Roots As A Model To Investigate The Role Of Suberin In The Phytophthora Sojae-Soybean Pathosystem, Pooja Sharma
Hairy Roots As A Model To Investigate The Role Of Suberin In The Phytophthora Sojae-Soybean Pathosystem, Pooja Sharma
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Part of the resistance mechanism of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) to Phytopthora sojae Kauf. & Gerd. involves pre-formed root suberin. In order to investigate the role of suberin in this host-pathogen interaction, I characterized hairy roots, formed as a result of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (Riker et al.) Conn infection, as a model to be used as a reliable soybean transformation system. I established hairy root cultures and demonstrated that they were a result of A. rhizogenes infection. The anatomy and suberin deposition in soybean hairy roots was examined, and found to be very similar to that of wild-type roots. …