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2021

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Articles 31 - 60 of 1763

Full-Text Articles in Plant Biology

Grassland Use And Plant Diversity In Grazed Ecosystems, V. A. Deregibus, E. J. Jacobo, O. E. Ansin Dec 2021

Grassland Use And Plant Diversity In Grazed Ecosystems, V. A. Deregibus, E. J. Jacobo, O. E. Ansin

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Earth biomes are being deconstructed, through unprecedented rates of species disappearance or invasion (McCann 2000). This, added to the threat of global environmental change and changes in values of a developed society, caused that biodiversity became a topic that has captured the attention of the public as well as the scientific community. Such concern on the importance of biodiversity is based in four basic reasons clearly described by West (1993): (i) morality, that aims for the protection of species; (ii) aesthetics, as people desire to see and appreciate the living parts of nature; (iii) economics and, (iv) the array …

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The Effect Of Phosphorus Fertilization On Botanical Composition And Production In Temperate Pastures In Argentina, E. J. Jacobo, A. M. Rodríguez, M. F. Garbulsky, P. Scardoni, V. A. Deregibus Dec 2021

The Effect Of Phosphorus Fertilization On Botanical Composition And Production In Temperate Pastures In Argentina, E. J. Jacobo, A. M. Rodríguez, M. F. Garbulsky, P. Scardoni, V. A. Deregibus

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this paper is to evaluate floristic changes and above-ground primary production in native grasslands and old pastures dominated by tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) that were fertilized with different levels of phosphorus. For this, aerial biomass was sequentially harvested from November 1998 to October 1999. Above-ground production of native grassland more than doubled (from 3000 to 7300 kg DM/ha) with the highest level of P through the increment of three naturalized species: the winter annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and two legumes: white clover (Trifolium repens) and lotus (Lotus corniculatus). In …

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Determining Pasture Biodiversity With Nirs, K. J. Moore, D. J. Barker Dec 2021

Determining Pasture Biodiversity With Nirs, K. J. Moore, D. J. Barker

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Research was conducted to assess the potential of using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to determine botanical composition and measures of species diversity in pasture samples. Samples were collected from six hill country (Ballantrae) and two lowland (Aorangi) pastures in New Zealand. Samples were collected in summer (March) and Autumn (May) and subsamples were dissected to determine botanical composition and species diversity. Measures of diversity included species richness, Shannon’s index, and Simpson’s index. Reflectance data were collected from a second subsample that had been dried and finely ground. Calibrations were developed using modified partial least squares. Acceptable calibration equations were …

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Vegetation Changes In Southeast Australian Temperate Grasslands, D. L. Garden, T. P. Bolger Dec 2021

Vegetation Changes In Southeast Australian Temperate Grasslands, D. L. Garden, T. P. Bolger

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In temperate areas of southeast Australia, the combined effects of tree clearing, grazing, application of fertilizer and the introduction of exotic species have modified the original grasslands. This paper describes these changes and attempts to explain them in terms of ecological principles derived from North American grasslands. Stability of the original grasslands appears to have been due to the lack of disturbance and the slow rates of nitrogen (N) cycling within them. Increased N cycling after disturbance has allowed invasion of species better adapted to higher N status, particularly exotic annual grasses and weeds. The present composition of grasslands, in …

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The Effects Of Grazing Management And Fertilization On Grassland Diversity And Productivity, Warren Mcg. King, David R. Kemp Dec 2021

The Effects Of Grazing Management And Fertilization On Grassland Diversity And Productivity, Warren Mcg. King, David R. Kemp

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effects of management practices on plant species diversity and productivity within a naturalised grassland was studied as part of a large-scale experiment designed to investigate issues of sustainability in temperate Australia. Fertiliser increased the production but reduced the diversity of the sward. The main decline was in exotic weed species. Strategic grazing resulted in a small increase in pasture diversity but a reduction in productivity. There was a consistent decline in diversity as productivity increased, across all treatments.

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Pasture Dynamics After Sodseeding Cool Season Species With Or Without Glyphosate In Subtropical Natural Grasslands, Luciana M. Rizo, E. L. Moojen, Fernando L. F. De Quadros, F. E. Schlick, F. L. Correa Dec 2021

Pasture Dynamics After Sodseeding Cool Season Species With Or Without Glyphosate In Subtropical Natural Grasslands, Luciana M. Rizo, E. L. Moojen, Fernando L. F. De Quadros, F. E. Schlick, F. L. Correa

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This trial was conducted to evaluate vegetation dynamics of natural grasslands fertilized and sodseeded with the cool season species Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), white clover (Trifolium repens) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) with or without glyphosate. Treatments that included herbicide spraying on natural vegetation caused a substitution of perennial grasses by undesirable species, and did not show a significant contribution of introduced species. Andropogon lateralis, Paspalum notatum, Paspalum dilatatum and Paspalum plicatulum almost disappeared, and were replaced by Chaptalia nutans and Apium spp, among others.

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Soil Biodiversity, Root Herbivory And Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling In Grassland Soils, R. Cook, L. A. Dawson, A. C. Gange, S. J. Grayston, P. J. Murray, A. M. Treonis Dec 2021

Soil Biodiversity, Root Herbivory And Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling In Grassland Soils, R. Cook, L. A. Dawson, A. C. Gange, S. J. Grayston, P. J. Murray, A. M. Treonis

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This paper describes research on the relationships between grassland management practices and the diversity of biological communities in soil. Observations are being made in field trials with applications of nitrogen and lime and of insecticide to an original diverse sward and to a single species grass re-seed. The treatments are designed to produce different degrees of diversity in communities of soil animals and microbes. Assessments are being made over three years of the effects on the populations, activity and diversity of root-feeding animals, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, soil bacteria, fungi and micro fauna, including nonplant feeding nematodes. Associated laboratory experiments assess …

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Core Collection Approaches And Genetic Diversity In Flemingia Macrophylla, R. Schultze‐Kraft, M. Peters Dec 2021

Core Collection Approaches And Genetic Diversity In Flemingia Macrophylla, R. Schultze‐Kraft, M. Peters

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Core collections are a useful means to optimise the management, including conservation, of forage germplasm collections. Such optimisation is warranted in view of increasingly limited research resources. As there are several potential options to create core collections, a project is presented in which three approaches are compared: (i) based on germplasm origin information; (ii) genetic diversity assessment by agronomic characterisation/evaluation; and (iii) DNA markers. As example-species for the project, the tropical legume shrub Flemingia macrophylla is selected because of its particular multiple-use potential in smallholder production systems. An important diversity descriptor is the content of tannins influencing feed and litter …

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Variation Of Agronomic Traits In A World Collection Of Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.), G. Pacucci, C. Troccoli Dec 2021

Variation Of Agronomic Traits In A World Collection Of Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.), G. Pacucci, C. Troccoli

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

More than 850 accessions of vetch (Vicia sativa L.) representing 16 countries were obtained from the Italian Germplasm Institute and grown in a Southern Italy environment. The five following quantitative characters were analysed: days to harvest, plant dry weight, number of pods per plant, seed yield per plant, and seed yield per pod. The frequencies of various phenotypes were examined for total world collection and for each country in which there was a sufficient number of accessions. Wide phenotypic variability was observed for all characters, and usually within each country. The Shannon–Weaver diversity index (H') was used to examine …

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Analysis Of Some Farm Driving Variables And Its Relation With Milk Production In A Pastoral Dairy Farm Of Buenos Aires, Argentina, J. L. Rossi, A. Ayala Torales, G. Acosta, V. A. Deregibus Dec 2021

Analysis Of Some Farm Driving Variables And Its Relation With Milk Production In A Pastoral Dairy Farm Of Buenos Aires, Argentina, J. L. Rossi, A. Ayala Torales, G. Acosta, V. A. Deregibus

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The quantity of milk solids produced determines a dairy farm income and contributes to its profit. Total pasture production, forage quality and herd consumption are factors to be managed in this production system. The outcomes of two years were analyzed. Primary production showed its dependence on climatic conditions and use of technological inputs. Forage quality was promoted through interseeding legumes, applying fertilizer and maintaining the pasture young and leafy. Total forage removed by the herd was similar in both years although pasture production decreased. It was possible to cope with seasonal variations in forage production, by varying the grazing pressure …

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Effect Of Energetic Supplementation On Forage Losses In An Oat And Italian Ryegrass Pasture Under Continuous Grazing, A. Frizzo, Marta G. Da Rocha, M. R. Freitas Dec 2021

Effect Of Energetic Supplementation On Forage Losses In An Oat And Italian Ryegrass Pasture Under Continuous Grazing, A. Frizzo, Marta G. Da Rocha, M. R. Freitas

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The experiment was conducted at UFSM-RS to quantify herbage losses in oat and Italian ryegrass mixture under continuous grazing by beef heifers. A continuous grazing method with variable stocking rate was utilized to maintain the same herbage mass, 1500 kg DM/ha, in all treatments. The treatments consisted of levels of energetic supplement (0, 0.7 and 1.4% of LW/day). The pasture was evaluated every 28 days, when forage not suitable for grazing was collected in points previously marked in experimental area. The daily losses of herbage mass were of 22.32, 18.98 and 21.16 kg of DM/ha/day, equivalent to 2.61, 1.91 and …

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Dynamics And Production Of Forage In Winter Pasture Under Continuous Grazing With Energetic Supplementation, A. Frizzo, M. R. Freitas, Marta G. Da Rocha Dec 2021

Dynamics And Production Of Forage In Winter Pasture Under Continuous Grazing With Energetic Supplementation, A. Frizzo, M. R. Freitas, Marta G. Da Rocha

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This experiment was carried out at Federal University of Santa Maria, from July 09 to November 12, 1999 to evaluate the dynamics and production of forage of oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) and italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam) mixture. The grazing system used was continuous with variable stocking rate to maintain 1500kg/ha of herbage mass in all treatments. The heifers were subjected to different levels of energetic supplementation. They are 0, 0.7 and 1.4% of LW/day. The pasture of oat and italian ryegrass presented an accumulation rate of 45.7, 55.1 and 50.0 kg of DM/ha /day and a total …

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Rotational Grazing Increases Wool And Lamb Production From Phalaris-Subterranean Clover Pastures In South Eastern Australia, A. N. Thompson, D. Borg, J. F. Graham, J. Lamb, G. R. Saul Dec 2021

Rotational Grazing Increases Wool And Lamb Production From Phalaris-Subterranean Clover Pastures In South Eastern Australia, A. N. Thompson, D. Borg, J. F. Graham, J. Lamb, G. R. Saul

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Wool and lamb production from different grazing systems was compared in a Mediterranean environment near Hamilton in southeastern Australia. The grazing systems were based on combinations of fertiliser inputs and grazing methods that could promote the growth and persistence of phalaris (Phalaris aquatica) and increase animal production compared to ‘typical’ unimproved pastures. In the first 2 years of this experiment, the most productive systems more than doubled ewe stocking rate and wool production, and more than trebled lamb production per hectare, compared to ‘typical’ unimproved pasture, low fertility, set-stocked systems. The change to a well fertilised phalaris/subterranean clover …

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The Carrying Capacity Of Pure And Oversown Giant Star Grass (Cynodon Nlemfuensis Vanderyst) Under Different Stocking Rate In South-Western Islands Of Japan, Yasuhiro Kawamoto, T. Namihira, Y. Imura, M. Nagano Dec 2021

The Carrying Capacity Of Pure And Oversown Giant Star Grass (Cynodon Nlemfuensis Vanderyst) Under Different Stocking Rate In South-Western Islands Of Japan, Yasuhiro Kawamoto, T. Namihira, Y. Imura, M. Nagano

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study was firstly to know the potential carrying capacity, pasture production, pasture utilization of giant star grass under different stocking rates in intensive rotational grazing system, and to evaluate a carrying capacity of giant star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst) pasture oversown with annual hybrid ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum X Lolium perenne) on short low productive winter pasture in South-western Islands of Japan. High herbage availability and good quality forage to bring about effective animal productions were produced by using relatively heavy stocking rates of 6 - 8 heads/ha, and achieved optimum pasture utilization of …

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Residual Forage And Animal Performance From A Kikuyo Pasture Under Mixed Grazing And Supplementation, F. C. Gómez-Merino, Pedro A. Martínez-Hernández, J. Pérez-Pérez, Alfonso Hernández-Garay Dec 2021

Residual Forage And Animal Performance From A Kikuyo Pasture Under Mixed Grazing And Supplementation, F. C. Gómez-Merino, Pedro A. Martínez-Hernández, J. Pérez-Pérez, Alfonso Hernández-Garay

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Five grazing strategies were compared: grazing by ewes only and mixed grazing (ewes + heifers), in mixed grazing heifers received no supplement or one of three supplements. Ruminal undegradable protein (RUP) varied among supplement: 4.25, 9.11 and 9.13%, the supplement with the highest RUP included protected methionine. All supplements were 21% crude protein and 3.0 Mcal/kg of metabolizable energy. Grazing was on kikuyu, ratio was 30 kg of ewe per 100 kg of heifer in the mixed grazing treatments. Experimental grazing lasted 84 days. Variables measured were residual forage, proline content in residual forage and liveweight gains per animal and …

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Stubble Height Effects On Limpograss Pasture Characteristics And Performance Of Beef Heifers, Y. C. Newman, Lynn E. Sollenberger, W. E. Kunkle, D. B. Bates, C. G. Chambliss, A. M. Fox Dec 2021

Stubble Height Effects On Limpograss Pasture Characteristics And Performance Of Beef Heifers, Y. C. Newman, Lynn E. Sollenberger, W. E. Kunkle, D. B. Bates, C. G. Chambliss, A. M. Fox

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Limpograss (Hemarthria altissima [Poir.] Stapf. & C.E. Hubb.) is a C4 species used in Florida beef production systems because of its cool-season growth, persistence on poorly drained soils, and high yield and digestibility. Animal performance on limpograss pastures, however, has been limited by low herbage crude protein (CP). This study evaluated the effect of canopy height of limpograss pastures and N supplementation of grazing cattle on sward characteristics and weight gain and blood urea N (BUN) concentration of yearling beef heifers. Under continuous stocking, six treatments were imposed that included all combinations of three stubble heights (20, 40, …

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The Duration Of Regrowth Period And The Structural Traits In A Rotationally Grazed Panicum Maximum Sward, Carlos A. M. Gomide, J. A. Gomide Dec 2021

The Duration Of Regrowth Period And The Structural Traits In A Rotationally Grazed Panicum Maximum Sward, Carlos A. M. Gomide, J. A. Gomide

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Panicum maximum 'cv'. Mombaça was rotationally grazed by steers. Three regrowth periods based on the number of expanded leaves per tiller: 2.5; 3.5 and 4.5, were compared. Three groups of seven tester steers, one for each treatment, grazed the replications of each experimental paddocks, the animals being removed from a paddock after 4 to 5 day grazing period when its sward leaf area index (LAI) was 1.5, on the average. Sward height and available biomass increased while tiller population density and leaf-stem ratio decreased with regrowth period. Overall averages observed for LAI and photosyntheticly active radiation interception by the end …

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Effect Of Different Strategies Of Management Of Elephantgrass On Pasture Availability And Milk Yield Of Crossbred Holstein X Zebu Cows, Fermino Deresz Dec 2021

Effect Of Different Strategies Of Management Of Elephantgrass On Pasture Availability And Milk Yield Of Crossbred Holstein X Zebu Cows, Fermino Deresz

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The trial was done to study different strategies of pasture management on milk production of cows grazing Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.). The treatments were: Elephantgrass with 30 days of resting and fertilized monthly (30MF), fertilized every two months (30BF). Elephantgrass with 45 days of resting and a stubble height of 90-100 cm (45HS) or a stubble height of 40-50 cm (45LS). The stubble height for treatments 30MF and 30BF was 90-100 cm. The study was done using six crossbred Holstein x Zebu cows/treatment, with 100 days of lactation, on average. The experimental design was a completely randomized block …

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Effects Of Nitrogen Fertilization On The Production Of Panicum Maximum Cv. Ipr 86 Under Grazing, S. M. B. Lugão, L. R. De A. Rodrigues, E. B. Malheiros, J. J. Dos S. Abrahão, A. De Morais Dec 2021

Effects Of Nitrogen Fertilization On The Production Of Panicum Maximum Cv. Ipr 86 Under Grazing, S. M. B. Lugão, L. R. De A. Rodrigues, E. B. Malheiros, J. J. Dos S. Abrahão, A. De Morais

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of Paranavaí/IAPAR-PR-Brazil, from October 1998 to May 1999, to evaluate the effects of N fertilization on Panicum maximum cv. IPR 86 pastures. Four doses of N (0; 150; 300; and 450 kg.ha-1.year-1) were applied to pastures under rotational grazing with grazing cycles (GCs) of 40 days (5 days-grazing and 35 days-rest). It was used a randomized complete block design, with split-plots, and two replications per treatment, being the N-doses studied in the main plots and the GCs in the sub-plots. In all GCs the variables dry matter of …

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Effects Of Management Strategies On Seed Production And Seedling Recruitment In Birdsfoot Trefoil-White Clover Mixtures, W. Ayalá, M. Carámbula, D. F. Risso, J. Hodgson, Peter D. Kemp Dec 2021

Effects Of Management Strategies On Seed Production And Seedling Recruitment In Birdsfoot Trefoil-White Clover Mixtures, W. Ayalá, M. Carámbula, D. F. Risso, J. Hodgson, Peter D. Kemp

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effects of grazing management on seed production, seed bank size and seedling emergence patterns of Trifolium repens cv. Zapicán (WC) and Lotus corniculatus cv. San Gabriel (BFT) oversown swards were evaluated. A complete randomized block design with 4 replicate blocks was used, in which 4 grazing strategies (grazing all year (SI), summer spelling for seed production (S2), winter rest plus summer spelling (S3) and autumn rest plus summer spelling (S4)), were combined with two defoliation severalties (4 and 10 cm height post-grazing residuals). Plots of 110 m2 were grazed monthly by sheep. Seed production, soil seed bank and …

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Sheep Performance In Italian Ryegrass Swards At Contrasting Sward Heights, Paulo C. De F. Carvalho, L. S. Pontes, E. O. Silveira, C. H. E. C. Poli, Carlos Nabinger, O. A. Pereira Neto, G. E. Maraschin Dec 2021

Sheep Performance In Italian Ryegrass Swards At Contrasting Sward Heights, Paulo C. De F. Carvalho, L. S. Pontes, E. O. Silveira, C. H. E. C. Poli, Carlos Nabinger, O. A. Pereira Neto, G. E. Maraschin

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) sward height on lamb performance. The experiment was carried out at the Research Station of UFRGS, Eldorado do Sul, Brazil. Yearling no-castrated male lambs were assessed in terms of individual animal performance and gain per hectare. The experiment was carried out in a randomised block design with three replications of four treatments: 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm of sward surface height (SSH), which were maintained using continuous variable stocking, and monitored by a sward stick. Samples of 0.25 m2 were cut …

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Animal Performance In Pastures Of Panicum Maximum Cv. Ipr 86 Fertilized With Nitrogen, S. M. B. Lugão, L. R. De A. Rodrigues, E. B. Malheiros, J. J. Dos S. Abrahão, A. De Morais Dec 2021

Animal Performance In Pastures Of Panicum Maximum Cv. Ipr 86 Fertilized With Nitrogen, S. M. B. Lugão, L. R. De A. Rodrigues, E. B. Malheiros, J. J. Dos S. Abrahão, A. De Morais

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of the IAPAR in Paranavaí– PR, Brazil, from October 1998 to May 1999 to evaluate the response of crossbred steers grazing pastures of Panicum maximum cv. IPR 86 fertilized with four doses of N (0; 150; 300 and 450 kg.ha-1.year). The grass was grazed according to a rotational grazing system with grazing cycles (GCs) of 40 days (grazing period of 5 days and rest period of 35 days). It was used a randomized complete block design, with split-plots, and two replications per treatment, being the N-doses studied in the …

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Dairy Cow Performance On Pasture-Based Feeding Systems And In Confinement, Renato S. Fontaneli, Lynn E. Sollenberger, C. R. Staples Dec 2021

Dairy Cow Performance On Pasture-Based Feeding Systems And In Confinement, Renato S. Fontaneli, Lynn E. Sollenberger, C. R. Staples

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Interest in grazing systems is growing among farmers in the USA as a means of reducing feed costs for lactating dairy cows. An experiment was conducted near Gainesville, FL to compare milk production and composition and milk income minus feed costs from two pasture-based systems with those of a conventional confinement housing system over a 276-d period. System 1 was based on a mixture of rye (Secale cereale L.), annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) during the winter-spring seasons and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] …

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Domestication Reshaped The Genetic Basis Of Inbreeding Depression In A Maize Landrace Compared To Its Wild Relative, Teosinte, Luis Fernando Samayoa, Bode A. Olukolu, Chin Jian Yang, Qiuyue Chen, Markus G. Stetter, Alessandra M. York, Jose De Jesus Sanchez-Gonzalez, Jeffrey C. Glaubitz, Peter J. Bradbury, Maria Cinta Romay, Qi Sun, Jinliang Yang, Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra, Edward S. Buckler, John F. Doebley, James B. Holland Dec 2021

Domestication Reshaped The Genetic Basis Of Inbreeding Depression In A Maize Landrace Compared To Its Wild Relative, Teosinte, Luis Fernando Samayoa, Bode A. Olukolu, Chin Jian Yang, Qiuyue Chen, Markus G. Stetter, Alessandra M. York, Jose De Jesus Sanchez-Gonzalez, Jeffrey C. Glaubitz, Peter J. Bradbury, Maria Cinta Romay, Qi Sun, Jinliang Yang, Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra, Edward S. Buckler, John F. Doebley, James B. Holland

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Inbreeding depression is the reduction in fitness and vigor resulting from mating of close relatives observed in many plant and animal species. The extent to which the genetic load of mutations contributing to inbreeding depression is due to large-effect mutations versus variants with very small individual effects is unknown and may be affected by population history. We compared the effects of outcrossing and self-fertilization on 18 traits in a landrace population of maize, which underwent a population bottleneck during domestication, and a neighboring population of its wild relative teosinte. Inbreeding depression was greater in maize than teosinte for 15 of …

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Principal Component Analysis In Paspalum Germplasm Characterization, A. Regitano Neto, L. A. R. Batista Dec 2021

Principal Component Analysis In Paspalum Germplasm Characterization, A. Regitano Neto, L. A. R. Batista

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In a survey, through principal component analyses, for the most representative descriptors to be used in Paspalum germplasm characterization, 16 agronomic traits, 16 reproductive traits and 21 vegetative traits were evaluated in 32 accessions comprising Paspalum plicatulum (19) and Paspalum compressifolium (13) from the institutional germplasm collection. ANOVA for agronomic descriptors showed significant differences among accessions, except for percentage of dry matter in winter (DMW) which was not significant. Principal component analyses allowed reduction of 69%, 69% and 62%, respectively, in the initial number of descriptors, and the election of the most important for agronomic traits: DMYS, DMYW, RGS, CPPW …

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Production And Quality Of Paspalum Forage In State Of São Paulo, L. A. R. Batista, A. Regitano Neto, Rodolfo Godoy Dec 2021

Production And Quality Of Paspalum Forage In State Of São Paulo, L. A. R. Batista, A. Regitano Neto, Rodolfo Godoy

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Biomass produced by accessions of 26 species, belonging to 12 botanical groups of the genus Paspalum, collected in the south and central regions of Brazil, were evaluated during the first year of establishment for quantitative characteristics: production of dry biomass (DMY), percentage of dry matter (PDM) and regrowth score and qualitative traits: concentration of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), “in vitro” dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and crude protein percentage in dry matter (CPPDM) -, in the central area of the state of São Paulo, in a completely randomized block design with two replications. The largest averages of DMY were obtained …

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Study Of The Diversity Of Soil Animals Community In The Songnen Plain Grassland Of China, Xiuqin Yin, Tingcheng Zhu Dec 2021

Study Of The Diversity Of Soil Animals Community In The Songnen Plain Grassland Of China, Xiuqin Yin, Tingcheng Zhu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This paper dealt with the diversity in eight habitat soil animals communities in Songnen plain grassland. The results showed the better habitat condition the higher diversity index of soil animals, and vice-versa. The diversity of soil animals communities correlated positively with soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and negatively with soil pH; there was a poor correlation with soil water content and total soil phosphorus. The diversity of soil animals communities decreased with increasing depth of soil layer and has surface-collection.

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Evaluating Varieties Of Alfalfa And Tall Fescue For Tolerance To Over-Grazing By Cattle, Robert F. Spitaleri, Jimmy C. Henning, Charles T. Dougherty, Garry D. Lacefield, B. T. Larson Dec 2021

Evaluating Varieties Of Alfalfa And Tall Fescue For Tolerance To Over-Grazing By Cattle, Robert F. Spitaleri, Jimmy C. Henning, Charles T. Dougherty, Garry D. Lacefield, B. T. Larson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Cultivars of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) were seeded in small (1.5 m x 4.6 m) plots and harvested for estimating yield the following spring. Plots were then grazed by cattle continuously for the remainder of the season so as to keep stand heights at 7.5 cm or less. This procedure was repeated for one or two more grazing seasons, depending on stand survival. Stands were visually rated for stand in the fall and spring. Marked differences in grazing tolerance were observed among alfalfa cultivars, following closely the commercial designations as grazing-type or …

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The Role Of Cattle Dung In Seed Dispersal Of Major Species In A Zoysia Japonica Pasture In Japan, K. Shimoda, S. Sakanoue Dec 2021

The Role Of Cattle Dung In Seed Dispersal Of Major Species In A Zoysia Japonica Pasture In Japan, K. Shimoda, S. Sakanoue

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

To evaluate the role of cattle dung in seed dispersal of major species in Zoysia japonica pasture in Japan, we investigated the species composition and density of seeds in cattle dung by means of a germination test. Of 20 major species which had a mean coverage of more than 0.1%, 90% were detected as seeds in cattle dung. In addition, the species composition and density of seeds in cattle dung differed among three sampling seasons. Seeds of the six most prevalent species in terms of coverage were detected from cattle dung during the growing season. Hence, we conclude that it …

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Identification Of Candidate Genes And Genomic Regions Associated With Adult Plant Resistance To Stripe Rust In Spring Wheat, Amira M. I. Mourad, Mohamed A. Abou-Zeid, Shamseldeen Eltaher, P. Stephen Baenziger, Andreas Börner Dec 2021

Identification Of Candidate Genes And Genomic Regions Associated With Adult Plant Resistance To Stripe Rust In Spring Wheat, Amira M. I. Mourad, Mohamed A. Abou-Zeid, Shamseldeen Eltaher, P. Stephen Baenziger, Andreas Börner

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Wheat stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) is a major disease that damages wheat plants and affects wheat yield all over the world. In recent years, stripe rust became a major problem that affects wheat yield in Egypt. New races appeared and caused breakdowns in the resistant genotypes. To improve resistance in the Egyptian genotypes, new sources of resistance are urgently needed. In the recent research, a set of 95 wheat genotypes collected from 19 countries, including Egypt, were evaluated for their resistance against the Egyptian race(s) of stripe rust under field conditions in the two …

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