Horticulture Commons^™

Determination Of Fungicide Resistance In Botrytis Cinerea On Wine Grapes In California's Central Coast Region, Evelyn Alvarez-Mendoza

Master's Theses

Botrytis bunch rot, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is a fungal disease that primarily affects the fruit of wine grapes. Infection of fruit consequently results in reduced yields and wine quality. These factors lead to significant economic losses for growers which prompts the implementation of management practices to control the disease. One objective of this study was to evaluate the level of resistance that populations of B. cinerea in the Central Coast region showed to various chemicals. A fungicide assay was conducted to determine resistant phenotypes to six fungicide active ingredients (pyrimethanil, iprodione, fenhexamid, fludioxonil, trifloxystrobin, boscalid). Thirty-five (2020) and …

Arkansas Wheat Performance Tests 2021-2022, J. F. Carlin, R. B. Morgan, R. D. Bond, D. E. Moon

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Wheat variety performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide information to companies developing varieties and marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating variety recommendations for small-grain producers. The tests are conducted at the Northeast Research and Extension Center at Keiser, the Vegetable Substation near Kibler, the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, the Pine Tree Research Station near Colt, and the Rohwer Research Station near Rohwer. Specific location …

Helping Utah Landowners Reduce Pesticide Use Through A Statewide Ipm Program, Nick Volesky, Mair Murray

Outcomes and Impact Quarterly

The Utah Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program provides outreach and education to Utahns to reduce pesticide use and ultimately protect human and environmental health. In 2022, the IPM program responded to stakeholders’ needs by partnering with county Extension offices to deliver eight (8) in-person workshops across the state. The workshops connected Extension specialists and county faculty with managers of home landscapes and farms. The objective of the workshops was to provide participants with IPM skills to identify, monitor, and manage pest problems in preparation for the upcoming growing season.

Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Research Studies 2021, Victor Ford, Jason Kelley, Nathan Mckinney Ii

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The 2021 edition of the Arkansas Corn and Grain Sorghum Research Studies Series includes research results on topics pertaining to corn and grain sorghum production, including weed, disease, and insect management; economics; sustainability; irrigation; post-harvest drying; soil fertility; mycotoxins; cover crop management; and research verification program results. Our objective is to capture and broadly distribute the results of research projects funded by the Arkansas Corn and Grain Sorghum Board. The intended audience includes producers and their advisors, current investigators, and future researchers. The Series serves as a citable archive of research results.

Abiotic Disorders Of Tomatoes, Nick Volesky, Marion Murray, Sheriden M. Hansen, Maegen A. Lewis

All Current Publications

Monitoring tomato plants regularly from seedling to harvest allows for early detection of abnormal conditions. Although tomato plants can be attacked by a variety of living organisms (insects, mites, pathogens, vertebrates), nonliving (abiotic) conditions can cause just as much damage. Abiotic diseases in tomato plants can arise from nutrient deficiencies, temperature extremes, abnormal lighting, chemical application, changes in water uptake, mechanical damage, genetic mutations, and more. This guide will cover most of the abiotic disorders and diseases that can affect tomatoes in Utah.

Landscapes Are Cornerstones Of Sustainability Programs, Don Spence

Sustainability Conference

Typical American landscapes are not sustainable in an economic or biological framework. The essence of the idea of sustainable growth and development are centered on the idea that those activities are not degrading natural resources or that they are outstrip budgets. A significant piece of any sustainable management plan is tied to how we manage our landscapes, how we use plants; specifically, how much grass there is, and how many native plants there are. Sustainable landscapes should require less chemical and financial inputs, which in the end, saves money and increases the biological value of the land and creates a …

Pengaruh Interval Penyiraman Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Adaptasi Tiga Bawang Merah Komersial, Grace Pratiwi Manurung, Kusumiyati, Jajang Sauman Hamdani

Jurnal Kultivasi

Air merupakan salah satu faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman. Pemberian air yang sering dapat menyebabkan kelembaban tinggi (> 70%) dan menjadi tempat tumbuh yang baik bagi hama dan penyakit sedangkan air yang tidak mencukupi dapat menyebabkan cekaman kekeringan bagi tanaman. Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang peka terhadap ketersediaan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan interval penyiraman yang efektif dan efisien terhadap pertumbuhan tiga kultivar unggul bawang merah. Percobaan dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan milik Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran (± 730 meter di atas permukaan laut). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Petak Terbagi yang …

Vegetable Diseases Of Utah, Claudia Nischwitz, Marion Murray, Nick Volesky

All Current Publications

This guide provides a list of vegetable crop diseases that have been documented in Utah along with some that are likely to occur. Plant diseases are caused by pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and fungal-like organisms. Diagnosing specific plant diseases takes careful observation of signs, symptoms, and sometimes culturing and molecular testing in a laboratory setting.

Proceedings Of The 2022 Passion Fruit Conference: Growing The U.S. Passion Fruit Industry A Strategic Conference For: Growers, Marketers, Researchers, And Stakeholders, Eric T. Stafne

CREC Publications

We are pleased to deliver these proceedings of the passion fruit conference that was held in Homestead, Florida on June 14 and 15, 2022. It was a culmination of a lot of hard work by many people, most of them listed in the previous page. However, it would not have been a success without the attendees who came from various parts of the country to share their experiences growing passion fruit. What follows in these proceedings are the slides of the presentations with by notes taken by attendees along with notes taken of discussion regarding the five priority topic areas: …

Palmer Amaranth [Amaranthus Palmeri (S.) Wats.] Resistance To S-Metolachlor In The Mid-Southern Us And S-Metolachlor Dissipation In Soil, Koffi Badou Jeremie Kouame

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Palmer amaranth [Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Wats.] presents both a high genetic diversity and propensity to evolve resistance to herbicides of several sites-of-action which have made it one of the worst weeds in US agriculture. In Arkansas, Palmer amaranth is resistant to herbicides of seven sites-of-action, which are 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) inhibitor, acetolactate synthase inhibitors, microtubule inhibitors, protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors, very long chain fatty acid inhibitors, glutamine synthetase inhibitors, and hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitors. Sustainable management requires a better understanding of its biology and that of herbicide environmental fate. This research had five objectives: 1) characterize the current status of Palmer amaranth …

Utility Of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation For Weed And Disease Management In Solanaceous Vegetable Crops, Gursewak Singh

All Theses

Managing weeds is one of the most challenging aspects of growing specialty crops. Weed control options are limited for specialty crops due to absence of effective herbicide options. The limited current herbicide options risk carryover and damage to subsequent crops. Bacterial wilt is another problem causing significant yield losses in southeast vegetable production. After the termination of methyl bromide due to health and environmental concerns, several other chemical fumigants gained interest, including 1,3-dichloropropene, chloropicrin and metam sodium/potassium. While less toxic to the environment than methyl bromide, these fumigants pose carcinogenic and mutagenic threats. Alternative weed control and diseases management tactics …

Arkansas Soybean Research Studies 2020, Jeremy Ross

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The 2020 Arkansas Soybean Research Studies includes research reports on topics pertaining to soybean across several disciplines from breeding to post-harvest processing. Research reports contained in this publication may represent preliminary or only data from a single year or limited results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for long-term recommendations. Several research reports in this publication will appear in other University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station publications. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between disciplines and our effort to inform Arkansas soybean producers of the research …

Lily Leaf Beetle, Ann Mull, Lori R. Spears

All Current Publications

The lily leaf beetle (LLB) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is an important pest from Eurasia that threatens native and cultivated true lilies (Lilium spp.) and fritillaries (Fritillaria spp.). It is also known as the red lily leaf beetle or scarlet lily beetle. LLB was first reported in North America in Montréal, Canada, in 1945 and in the U.S. in 1992 in Massachusetts, likely arriving via European shipments of lily bulbs. LLB has been detected in nine of the 10 Canadian provinces and 14 U.S. states, including the New England states, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Washington (EDDMapS, 2021). Based on LLB’s native distribution …

Efficacy Study Of Selected Maize (Zea Mays L.) Genotypes Against The Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia Furnacalis (Guenée), Yoryncita Marfori, Merdelyn Caasi-Lit, Tonette Laude

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Laboratory and screen house studies were conducted to assess the efficacy of selected twenty-six maize varieties against Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée). Hierarchical tree based on resistance parameters clearly revealed that the twenty-six maize varieties are best classified into three groups, viz. resistant, intermediate, and susceptible. In laboratory test, the varieties RCS2, RCS4, RCS5, 'IPB Var13', Bt2, Bt3, and Bt4 were consistently identified as highly resistant. Further examinations in stalk feeding assay showed that the resistant varieties had sharp decline in larval survival (LS) on the 2^nd to the 5^th day of larval feeding in …

Primary Industries Development Research Highlights 2021, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Tim Scanlon

Books & book chapters

The Primary Industries Development Research Highlights 2021 showcases the breadth and depth of the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development’s research and development activities over the past several years.

Stories featured in Research Highlights 2021 stem from about 60 (of 140) current and recently-completed projects undertaken by the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development’s (DPIRD) 1100 scientists, technical experts and economists throughout the State.

Explore our Research Highlights 2021.

The publication demonstrates the innovative and applicable research that DPIRD and its collaborators and investment partners deliver to Western Australia.

Download the Research Highlights 2021 here. Alternatively, …

Powdery Mildews On Vegetables, Nick Volesky, Marion Murray, Claudia Nischwitz

All Current Publications

Powdery mildew is one of the most easily recognized fungal plant diseases. It is categorized by spots or patches of white-to-gray powder-like growth on foliage, stems, or fruit. Roughly 700 species exist that infect grasses, ornamentals, weeds, fruit trees, landscape trees, shrubs, and vegetables. The closely related species of fungi that cause powdery mildew are host-specific, meaning they cannot survive without the proper host. Powdery mildew fungi spread in conditions of low rainfall and hot temperatures, making Utah’s climate the perfect environment. This fact sheet provides information on powdery mildew and its management.

B.R. Wells Arkansas Rice Research Studies 2020, J. Hardke, X. Sha, N. Bateman

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Arkansas is the leading rice producer in the United States. The state represents 47.5% of total U.S. rice production and 48.1% of the total acres planted to rice in 2020. Rice cultural practices vary across the state and across the U.S. However, these practices are also dynamic and continue to evolve in response to changing political, environmental, and economic times. This survey was initiated in 2002 to monitor and record changes in the way Arkansas rice producers approach their livelihood. The survey was conducted by polling county extension agents in each of the counties in Arkansas that produce rice. Questions …

Genetic Resistance To The Downy Mildew Pathogen And Breeding Towards Durable Disease Management In Spinach, Bazgha Zia

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a self-pollinated, dioecious winter crop. Prevalent challenges to the production of spinach include disease pressure imposed by downy mildew, which is caused by Peronospora effusa (=P. farinosa f. sp. spinaciae [Pfs]). A total of 19 new races of P. effusa have emerged, imposing serious challenges to the disease management in spinach production. Accordingly, this study was designed to explore the genetic components for establishing the basis of durable disease resistance development against the downy mildew pathogen (P. effusa 13) in spinach, through the use of various genome engineering approaches.

Our results have led (Chapter 2) to …

Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Research Studies 2020, Victor Ford, Jason Kelley, Nathan Mckinney Ii

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The 2021 edition of the Arkansas Corn and Grain Sorghum Research Studies Series includes research results on topics pertaining to corn and grain sorghum production, including weed, disease, and insect management; economics; sustainability; irrigation; post-harvest drying; soil fertility; mycotoxins; cover crop management; feral hog control; and research verification program results. Our objective is to capture and broadly distribute the results of research projects funded by the Arkansas Corn and Grain Sorghum Board. The intended audience includes producers and their advisors, current investigators, and future researchers. The Series serves as a citable archive of research results. Reports in this publication are …

Resistance Screening And Association Mapping For Resistance To The Downy Mildew Pathogen Of Spinach, Dotun Olaoye

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Spinach is an important cool leafy vegetable cultivated around the world, with large scale production in California and Arizona in the U.S. Spinach is a highly nutritious vegetable beneficial in the human diet. Spinach is affected by a number of biotic stressors. Downy mildew, caused by the oomycete pathogen Peronospora effusa, is a major threat to spinach as it affects the leaf quality and impacts the economic value of spinach. Several efforts have led to the development of resistant genotypes/cultivars to this pathogen. However, few studies have examined the genetics of resistance to the downy mildew pathogen in detail. This …

Hormon Etilen Dan Auksin Serta Kaitannya Dalam Pembentukan Tomat Tahan Simpan Dan Tanpa Biji, Syariful Mubarok, Alin Robiah Al Adawiyah, Arin Rosmala, Fathi Rufaidah, Anne Nuraini, Erni Suminar

Jurnal Kultivasi

Tomat merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman hortikultura penting di Indonesia. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi, sudah banyak dikembangkan varietas tomat baru yang mempunyai karakter-karakter yang diinginkan antara lain tahan akan penyakit, produktivitas tinggi tinggi, kandungan nutrisi tinggi dan lain-lain. Penerapan teknologi melalui pendekatan hormonal sangat penting untuk menghasilkan jenis tomat baru, diantaranya adalah hormone etilen dan auksin. Kedua hormone tersebut sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tomat khususnya untuk menghasilkan tomat yang adaptif pada kondisi lingkungan tercekam dan ketahanan simpan buah yang tinggi. Teknologi mutasi pada kedua hormone tersebut sudah dapat menghasilkan tomat yang diinginkan diantaranya adalah tomat iaa9-3 yang merupakan …

B.R. Wells Arkansas Rice Research Studies 2019, K.A. K. Moldenhauer, B. Scott, J. Hardke

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci For Peach (Prunus Persica) Resistance To Xanthomonas Arboricola Pv. Pruni (Xap) And Determining The Diversity And Virulence Of A United States Xap Collection, Maxwell Vonkreuzhof

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Bacterial spot, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Xap), is a threat to the peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch], Japanese and European plum (P. salicina L. and P. domestica L.), and tart and sweet cherry (P. cerasus L. and P. avium L.) industries. Markers for fruit resistance to bacterial spot have been developed however, markers associated with foliar resistance have yet to be developed. A total of 130 progeny and 13 parents (n=143) were evaluated for foliar and fruit Xap resistance in 2013, 2014, and 2015, and 162 progeny and eight parents (n=170) in 2017 and 2018 as …

An Evaluation Of Biopesticide Combinations On Yield Performance And Disease/Arthropod Control Of Strawberries Grown In High Tunnel Plasticulture Production Systems In Arkansas., Karlee B. Pruitt

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This two-year study investigated combinations of biopesticides to determine impacts on strawberry fruit marketable fruit yields, and effectiveness in controlling strawberry pests in a high tunnel production system at the University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture Research and Extension Center in Fayetteville, Arkansas. Two strawberry cultivars Fragaria × ananassa (Duch.), Camino Real and Sweet Sensation were grown in a high tunnel from early-October to mid-May for two consecutive growing seasons, (2017-18 and 2018-19) with six treatment combinations of biopesticides including an untreated (water) control, nutrient spray and selected biological based fungicides and insecticides, arranged into a split-plot randomized block design. …

Potensi Jamur Rizosfer Bawang Merah Dalam Menekan Fusarium Oxysporum F.Sp. Cepae, Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Umbi Bawang Merah, Satriyo Restu Adhi, Tarkus Suganda

Jurnal Kultivasi

Penyakit busuk umbi yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (Foc) merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada bawang merah. Pengendalian penyakit busuk umbi yang ramah lingkungan adalah dengan menggunakan pengendalian biologis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan isolat jamur asal rizosfer tanaman bawang merah yang memiliki sifat antagonis terhadap Foc. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Fitopatologi Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, pada bulan November 2017 hingga Januari 2018. Tahapan penelitian ini terdiri atas: (1) isolasi dari tanah rizosfer pertanaman bawang merah asal Desa Pelayangan Kabupaten Cirebon, (2) uji antagonisme secara in-vitro dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap …

A Comparison Of Media To Determine Optimal Growth In Aquaponics, Rachel L. Fogle, Andrea Nagy, Allison Bernard, Jordan Brown, Samantha Delvalle-Trinh, James Shuler

Harrisburg University Presidential Research Grants

No abstract provided.

Arthropod Resistant Tomatoes: Screening Tools, Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Interspecific Hybrids, Mohammad Hasan Salman Ali Dawood

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most economically important vegetable crops grown around globe but is a host for numerous pests and pathogens. In the future, tomato breeders will have to focus on increasing fruit quantity and on enhancing pest resistance. Many accessions of the wild relative of tomato, S. habrochaites display high levels of resistance towards arthropods such as spider mites. The presence of the sesquiterpene hydrocarbon, 7-epi-zingiberene, found in S. habrochaites type IV trichomes has been associated with arthropod resistance. However, the presence of other compounds in its trichome secretions may also be related …

Uji Daya Hasil Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus Ostreatus) Akibat Aplikasi Jenis Nutrisi Alternatif Dengan Pendekatan Bioklimatik Di Kabupaten Karawang, Rommy Andhika Laksono

Jurnal Kultivasi

Karawang merupakan wilayah di Jawa Barat yang sangat potensial dalam pengembangan budidaya jamur tiram putih. Salah satu usaha penerapan sistem pertanian yang berkelanjutan atau sistem pertanian yang peduli lingkungan dapat dilakukan dengan pemanfaatan nutrisi alternatif dan modifikasi bioklimatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis nutrisi alternatif terbaik yang mampu memberikan produksi jamur tiram putih tertinggi pada setiap posisi baglog. Penelitian dilakukan di kumbung percobaan Fakultas Pertanian UNSIKA, Kabupaten Karawang, dari bulan Januari sampai dengan bulan Agustus 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial. Perlakuan terdiri dua faktor, yaitu jenis nutrisi alternatif dan posisi baglog. Faktor jenis …

Methods To Evaluate Ruminant Animal Production Responses, Jose Manuel Diaz Gomez

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In experiment 1, 80 steers (197.0 kg initial body weight; BW for fall, 116.9 kg for spring), were stocked at 2.45 and 4.1 calves/ha in fall and spring, respectively in 16 tall fescue pastures [fall ergovaline (EV) = 1,475 ppb and spring EV = 1,173 ppb] under 2 treatments, mineral (MIN) (n = 8) and cumulative management (CM) (n = 8). Forage allowance did not differ (P = 0.76) between CM and MIN during fall but differed during spring (P ≤ 0.05, 2.55 vs. 3.22 kg DM/kg BW, for MIN and CM, respectively). For fall, average daily gain (ADG) resulted …

Evaluation Of Pheromone Mating Disruption For California Red Scale Control In Commercial California Citrus, Joel Timothy Leonard

Master's Theses

California red scale (CRS), Aonidella aurantii, is an increasingly injurious insect pest for the California citrus industry due to insecticide resistance, changing weather patterns, and shifting trade regulations. The presence of the insect on fruit, damages the rind of the fruit and high populations can cause dieback of branches as well as lower yields. Pheromone mating disruption of CRS has the potential to alleviate population control concerns and reduce insecticide use. The efficacy of the pheromone mating disruption technique for pest management of CRS was determined using the products CheckMate® CRS and Semios CRS Plus. CheckMate® CRS was evaluated …