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Powdery Mildew Of Apples : Results Of Recent Spray Trials, R F. Doepel, S. E. Hardisty

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Powdery mildew of apples is found in orchard districts throughout the South-West.

recent years a rapid build-up of the disease has occurred in some plantings as a result of changes in orchard practice.

Satisfactory control can be achieved by pruning out infected shoots and spraying with Karathane or Morocide

Hibiscus Collar Rot, G C. Macnish

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

FLOWERING hibiscus have been one of the most popular ornamentals in the home garden for several years.

However since about 1959, many home gardeners have been disappointed to see their hibiscus attacked and destroyed by a collar rot.

This disease, which is new in Western Australia, has been most destructive on the popular Apple Blossom variety.

Plant Diseases : Pear Scab : Control By Fungicidal Sprays, R F. Doepel, S. E. Hardisty

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Scab is an important fungal disease of pears in Western Australia.

Serious fruit losses occur in orchards where spraying is neglected, poorly timed or inefficiently carried out.

A full spray schedule, using a proven fungicide, must be adopted from spur burst onwards to ensure protection of fruit and foliage.

Gum Spots On Citrus Leaves, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

GUM SPOTS on citrus leaves are one of many types of leaf spots which prompt numerous enquiries from citrus growers.

Although they are fairly characteristic in appearance they are often confused with spots due to other causes, such as fungi, spray chemicals and so on.

Non-Parasitic Diseases Of Potatoes, S C. Chambers

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

POTATO tubers are subject to several non-parasitic diseases which are induced by unfavourable environmental conditions.

These disorders often cause considerable loss of marketable tubers, but in some instances this can be avoided by correct cultural, handling, or storage methods.

Control Of San Jose Scale, G D. Rimes

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

W ITH an export rejection rate in excess of 10,000 cases per year, the apple industry in W.A. is continually confronted with the problem of San Jose Scale control.

The Papaw : A Fruit For The Tropics And Sub-Tropics, K S. Cole, M. G. Hawson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

TOE fruit of the papaw (Carica papaya) has a unique flavour and is a welcome addition to any diet.

In the tropics and sub-tropics the papaw is quite easy to grow and is adapted to a wide range of soils and climate.

Entyloma Leaf Spot Of English Marigold, R F. Doepel

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE English Marigold or Calendula is a hardy ornamental which is widely grown in gardens throughout Western Australia.

In recent years a serious fungal disease known as entyloma leaf spot has become established in home plantings.

Downy Mildew Of Lettuce, R F. Doepel

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Downy mildew of lettuce is a fungal disease common in market gardens during autumn, winter and spring.

Severe outbreaks of the disease can be kept in check by timely applications of fungicidal sprays.

Take Care Of Young Fruit Trees, R G. Cahill

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Young fruit trees need good care if they are to grow well and produce good crops in later years.

Bridgetown Horticultural Instructor, R. G. Cahill, gives these hints for orchardists establishing young trees.

Although they take little effort to put into practice they will pay off well in the future.

Wood-Rotting Fungi Associated With Dieback In Apple Trees : Progress Report : Orchard Surveys And Laboratory Studies, R F. Doepel

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

DIEBACK, or decline, of apple trees has been a serious problem for many years in orchards throughout the South-West of Western Australia.

Wood-rotting fungi are commonly associated with this condition and often bring about collapse of affected trees.

Lettuce Spotted Wilt, H L. Harvey

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

SPOTTED wilt disease of lettuce was first recorded in Western Australia in 1937.

Only traces of the disease are found in some years but in other years it seriously affects yields and quality.

Spotted wilt is most prevalent in spring and autumn crops.

Powdery Scab Of Potatoes, S C. Chambers

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Powdery scab is a serious tuber disease sometimes seen in the market gardens of Coogee and Spearwood.

The disease is most commonly associated with the early winter plantings and sometimes causes heavy losses to individual growers, more so in wet seasons.

Hibiscus Leaf Spot, O M. Goss

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

HIBISCUS shrubs, particularly the variety "Apple Blossom" are commonly affected during the winter and early spring months with an unsightly leaf spot disease.

Black Rot Of Cabbage, Cauliflower And Related Plants, W P. Cass Smith

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

BLACK ROT is a widespread disease which attacks many kinds of cruciferous plants.

In Western Australia, it is most prevalent and serious on cabbage and cauliflower, but it may also attack many other related plants, including brussels sprout, broccoli, turnip, swede, and a number of weeds such as mustard and wild radish.

Sclerotinia Rot Of Vegetables, S C. Chambers, M. Hardie

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

SCLEROTINIA ROT, caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is now one of the most serious vegetable diseases in metropolitan market gardens.

Over the past decade it has been steadily increasing in prevalence and if present trends continue, many growers may be forced to abandon certain crops.

Although most vegetables are susceptible, the greatest losses are occurring in the autumn planting of beans, cauliflowers and lettuce and in the production of cauliflower seed.

Citrus Psorosis, H L. Harvey

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

CAREFUL selection of propogating material will prevent the spread of citrus psorosis, a disease which reduces the yield and economic life of infected trees.

Root Lesion Eelworm (Pratylenchus Penetrans) In Vegetables, O M. Goss

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ROOT lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus penetrans) have been found in many market gardens in the Balcatta-Osborne Park and Spearwood areas, associated with such crops as carrots, parsnips, swedes, lettuce, celery and rhubarb.

Control Of Damping-Off In Seed Beds, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

"DAMPING-OFF" of seedlings is caused by a number of moulds, for example Pythium, Rhizoctonia, etc., which are common inhabitants of garden soils.

Powdery Mildews Of Ornamentals, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

POWDERY mildews occur on a variety of ornamental plants.

As the name suggests, these diseases always appear as a greyish white powdery coating on the leaves. This is easily removed by rubbing or weathering, but beneath it a dark web-like discoloration of the leaf surface often develops.

Under some conditions these diseases can be very serious and cause considerable defoliation, stunting and malformation in such plants as Roses, Lagerstroemia (Crepe Myrtle), Hydrangea, Michaelmas Daisy, etc.

Shot Hole Of Stone Fruit, R F. Doepel

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

SHOT hole of stone fruit is a serious fungal disease which occurs in orchards throughout the fruit growing areas of the State.

Successful control is based on routine applications of Bordeaux mixture at leaf fall and bud burst.

Leaf Spot Of Celery, S C. Chambers

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

T EAF SPOT is the most serious disease of celery in Western Australia, and causes heavy losses in many crops during the cold wet months of June, July and August.

The disease is incited by the fungus Septoria apii Chester, and was first recorded in this State at Osborne Park in 1923.

Since then it has become a limiting factor in the production of marketable celery during the winter months.

Citrus Growing In The Home Garden, Frank Melville

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ALTHOUGH well suited to our climate, citrus trees do not always thrive in the metropolitan area because of the unsuitable soil conditions in some suburbs.

Lemons can usually be grown successfully and grapefruit are worth persevering with, but oranges and mandarins are better suited to the loamy soils of the Gosnells, Guildford and Hills districts.

Cover Spraying For The Control Of Celery Leaf Spot. Part 2, S C. Chambers

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

SEVERAL additional cover spray schedules for the control of leaf spot in winter celery, have been evaluated during the past two years.

The most satisfactory of these is one in which Bordeaux 4 : 4 : 40 is replaced by Ziram for the last two applications before harvest.

Common Bean Mosaic, W P. Cass Smith

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

COMMON bean mosaic is a widespread disease which attacks both dwarf and pole bean varieties.

The disease is caused by an infective principle or virus which spreads throughout the sap of affected plants, and causes both delayed maturity and drastic reduction in yield.

Powdery Mildew Of Cucurbits, R F. Doepel

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Powdery Mildew is one of the most damaging fungal diseases of cucurbits in Western Australia.

Disease development reaches epidemic proportions in most years and results in reduction in yield and quality of crops.

Regular applications of fungicides give economic control on susceptible varieties.

Improving Potato Seed, James P. Fallon

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

SOME of the oldest records of potato cultivation show that throughout the ages it has been generally accepted that periodically, a change of seed is essential, and the only means of maintaining satisfactory yields in crops.

Even today most potato growers are familiar with the term "run out" as applied to any particular line of potatoes which tends to progressively decrease in vigour and productivity when planted from year to year.

Storing Vegetable Seed, W H. Kooyman

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

GOOD storage conditions are vitally important for retaining the germinating capacity of seeds.

Bacterial Blight Or Black Spot Of Walnuts, O M. Goss, R. F. Doepel

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Bacterial blight is the most important disease of walnuts in Western Australia.

In bad seasons it can cause heavy losses in susceptible varieties such as Wilson's Wonder, and in some seedling trees.

Carefully timed sprays greatly reduce the incidence of bacterial blight, and it is also recommended that less susceptible varieties—such as Franquette— should be used for new plantings.

Mosaic Disease Of Cucumbers : A New Resistant Variety, H L. Harvey

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

TESTS with the cucumber variety Ohio MR 200 which was introduced from the U.S.A. (1), have shown it to be almost unaffected by the cucumber mosaic virus. It is a good type and satisfactory yielder and promises to be the answer to the cucumber mosaic problem in Western Australia.