Botany Commons^™

Factors Associated With The Penetration And Colonization Of Tomatoes By Verticillium Dahliae, Terry Dee Miller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Experiments have demonstrated that Verticillium dahliae is capable of direct cortical penetration of roots and of subsequent distribution throughout plants of both resistant (Loran Blood) and susceptible (Meteor) varieties of tomato. Plants were inoculated by the root dip method and planted in sterile soil. After one week the fungus was isolated from the upper portions of both the susceptible and resistant varieties as indicated by growth petiole sections plated on PDA. The distribution of the fungus in the resistant plants was irregular, but in susceptible plants the fungus was isolated regularly from all petiole sections. In experiments using disposable growth …

An Experimental Study Of Variation Within And Between Populations Of Petrophytum Caespitosum (Nutt.) Rydb. With Emphasis On Numerical Techniques, Frank R. Drysdale

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nine populations of sixty-eight individuals representing the distribution of Petrophytum caespitosum (Nutt.) Rydb. (Rosaceae) in the Intermountain Region were investigated for taxonomically significant variation using numerical techniques. On the basis of 19 morphological characters 3 subspecific taxa are recognized. Two taxa are existing subspecies: P. caespitosum (Nutt.) Rydb. var. caespitosum and P. caespitosum (Nutt.) Rydb. var. elatius (S. Wats.) Tides. One new subspecies is described: P. caespitosum (Nutt.) Rydb. var. latifolium. The ecology of the species is discussed. The floral and vegetative anatomy are described. Chromosome counts of 3 populations have given n = 9. A list of herbarium …

Histochemical Investigations On The Effects Of Fluoride On Oxidative Enzymes From Pelargonium Zonale And Allium Cepa, Bachettira Wthappa Poovaiah

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of fluoride fumigation on Pelargonium zonale leaves and also sodium fluoride infiltration of leaf sections and Allium cepa roots were studied in vivo.

Anatomical studies of fluoride-injured leaves showed a total collapse of the margin of the injured leaf. In injured regions the upper epidermal cells were normal and were the last to be destroyed. Detailed study of the vascular region of leaves near the injured area and also petioles from severely injured leaves showed clogging of xylem vessels by tyloses. Clogging of sieve tubes occurred, presumably, due to deposition of callose substance on sieve plates of …

Karyotype Analysis As An Index Of Radiosensitivity Of A Grass Hybrid, David R. Braegger

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Large differences exist between plant species in their response to ionizing radiation. The factors involved in radiosensitivities are complex and not well understood. The best criterion, so far, in studies on the acute lethal level of radiation for plant species is the average interphase chromosome volume (Sparrow et al. 1963). There are also close relationships that exist between DNA content, nuclear volume, total chromosome volume and radiosensitivity (Bowen, 1962; Sparrow et al. 1963; Sparrow et al. 1965). These investigators have observed in a series of species that an increase in nuclear volume is often accompanied by an increase in DNA …

The Influence Of Clipping And Moisture Stress On Translocation In Crested Wheatgrass, James Miller Mayo

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Water movement in soils containing moisture below field capacity is extremely slow, thus requiring a continuous expansion of the plant root system to meet the transpiration demands placed on the plant (20, 21, 12, 19). It has been shown that internal moisture deficits result in reduced growth, and often death of the plant (22, 28, 25, 29, 34). Thus a healthy and continuously expanding root system may be necessary for good plant growth.

A Revision Of The Eriogonum Deflexum Torr. Complex, James L. Reveal

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study includes those annual species of Eriogonum which have glabrous cordate or obtusely based calyx-segments, and 5-lobed involucres which are deflexed or erect on rather stout peduncles. With the possible exception of a few peripheral taxa, these species are believed to constitute a natural assemblage.

Radiosensitivity And Cytogenetic Studies On An Interspecific Grass Hybrid, Paul James Bottino

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The complex response of plants to ionizing radiation has never been clearly understood. One of the main problems is the differential sensitivity of plants to radiation. A clear understanding of differential sensitivity lies far in the future. For the present a major question is: can we predict the radiosensitivity of a plant before radiation exposure? Some progress has been made in answering this question. Sparrow et al. (29) feel that they have a useful statistic which can be used to predict the approximate radiosensitivity of a plant. Average interphase chromosome volume has been tested on sixteen species of herbaceous plants …

Host-Parasite Relationships Between Prunus Mahaleb And The Parasitic Nematodes Pratylenchus Neglectus And Meloidogyne Hapla, Bernard Al Tait

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Utah orchardists have encountered problems which they have needed to control for continued successful and economical fruit production. Some of these problems are diseases such as western-X virus, cytospora canker (Wadley, 1955) and codling moth (Davis, 1957). These diseases, because of their nature and severity, have received more attention than others.

Infrared Spectroscopy As Applied To The Study Of Biochemical Changes Induced By Tobacco Mosaic Virus In Leaf Cells, Banavara Krishnappa Chandrasekhar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The biochemical reactions occurring during the early stages in the infection cycle of a plant virus are still unknown. Many studies involving bacteriophage and animal viruses that have been made in recent years have provided evidence of the nature of virus infection, but these have not been of much value in understanding the nature of plant viruses. Infrared spectroscopy applied to the study of viral infection processes by Chochran and his co-workers (1960, 1962) have given some clues about the nature of biochemical changes taking place in the leaf tissues as a result of infection with cucumber mosaic virus and …

Mineral Salt Movement In Roots As Affected By Various Factors, C. James Lovelace

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Normal healthy growth and development of plants necessitates that they have certain elements to fulfill their mineral requirements. Environmental conditions play an important part in fulfilling these needs. Should any of these essential elements be lacking, the plant displays certain symptoms. Although iron has been classified both as a micro-element and a macro-element, it is undoubtedly necessary for all plants to some extent.

The Influence Of Internal Moisture Deficit On Translocation, Sven Egenolf Wihrheim

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The reduced growth of plants under conditions of moisture stress has been attributed to reduced turgor necessary for cell enlargement and to reduced photosynthesis often found in wilted or moisture stressed plants. Reduced translocation is rarely mentioned as a factor in reduced plant growth under limited moisture. This is rather surprising, since the Münch pressure flow hypothesis would require a turgor pressure gradient between leaves and receiving organs before any translocation of sugars could occur. Such a turgor pressure gradient would be reduced with increasing internal moisture deficit and would appear to become zero when the leaves wilt. If this …

Iron Chlorosis In Higher Plants As Related To The Organic Acid Content, Lucia Yulin Su

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Chlorosis, which is associated with a reduction in the chlorophyll content of leaves, is a major problem in the growing of deciduous fruit trees and some field crops on Western soils (16). For the deciduous fruit and field crops the predominant chlorosis pattern is the iron deficiency type which on Western soils is associated with high bicarbonate concentration in the soil.

Embryo Sac Development Of An Intergeneric Hybrid Between Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill. And Solanum Lycopersicoides Dun., Ray William Bills

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In the search for sources of resistance to the curly top virus disease of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum), it was found by some investigators that certain species of the genus Solanum express an apparent immunity to the disease. It would be desirable to transfer the resistance expressed by the genus Solanum into the genus Lycopersicon. The major problem to the plant breeder becomes one of obtaining a compatible F₁ hybrid between the Lycopersicon and Solanum genera through which genes controlling resistance may be transfered to Lycopersicon. In 1951, C. M. Rick reported a successful cross between …

The Effect Of Hydrogen Fluoride On Light And Dark Products Of Carbon Dioxide Fixation In Plants, Cleon W. Ross

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Damage to vegetation caused by fluoride compounds has been reported for a large number of plant species. In recent years toxicity to plants caused by atmospheric fluorides has been the subject of studies by a number of laboratories. These studies have been primarily concerned with determining the extent of injury caused by fluorides, describing the symptoms which occur and attempting to correlate them with the amounts of the element in the tissue and with some environmental factors. Thomas (1951) has given a general review of these subjects. Attempts have been made to control fluoride damage by spraying the leaves with …

The Effect Of Certain Fluoride Sprays In The Production Of Soft Suture On Peaches, N. V. Narayanamoorthy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Pollution of the atmosphere and its potential deleterious effects on health, industry, agriculture and natural resources are causing grave concern in many parts of the world. In the past century there has developed in the fields embraced by physical and biological sciences a considerable knowledge of theoretical and applied information, serving as a versatile tool in combating such problems. Air pollution problems seem to have gained much attention with the rapid development of various industries in major parts of the world. Rural and urban areas adjoining these industrial locales are confronted with the dangerous overall problems of air pollution. Evidently, …

Growth Of The Fungus, Verticillium Albo-Atrum In Resistant And Non-Resistant Strains Of A Tomato Variety And Its Effect On Plant Growth, Robert M. Zundel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Verticillium wilt, caused by the fungus, Verticillium albo-atrum, is a destructive disease of tomatoes in many areas. Due to the seriousness of this problem, Cannon and Waddoups (1) have developed resistance to this disease in some commercial varieties grown in Utah.

A Cytotaxonomic Study Of Suspected Hybrids Between Agropyron Subsecundum And Sitanion Hystrix , Penelope Witte

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study is concerned with the meiotic chromosome behavior and the comparative morphology of a sterile grass of doubtless hybrid origin. Though possessing morphological characters which place it in the Hordeae tribe, the unusual combination of morphological characteristics made it difficult to assign it to a particular genus. Its spikelets, usually solitary, placed flatwise at the nodes, on opposite sides of the rachis are typical of Agropyron species: while the bifid plumes, spreading awns and a tardily disarticulating rachis, are characters which suggest Sitanion species.

A Cytological Study Of The Induced Octoploid Of An Agropyron-Hordeum Hybrid, R. Bruce Ashman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The occurrence of hybrids, both interspecific and intergeneric, is frequent in the Gramineae generally (Stebbins, 1949), and is especially common in the tribe Hordeae of which both A. trachycaulum and H. jubatum are members. Intergeneric hybrids in this tribe have been studied by Stebbins et al. (1946a, and 1946b), Stebbins and Walters (1949), and Stebbins and Singh (1950) in an effort to determine true phylogenetic relationships on which to base a taxonomic classification, and results of these studies have indicated that the current taxonomic treatment of this tribe is highly artificial. Attempts to produce a perennial wheat and improve …

Studies Of The Dodder Transmission Of The Western-X Virus From Peach To Herbaceous Plants, Lewis G. Weathers

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Western-X disease is considered to be the most serious and destructive virus disease affecting peaches in the northwestern United States. The virus causing this disease in peach also infects chokecherries and most varieties of sweet and sour cherries. There is also evidence (13) that certain varieties of plums and apricots are susceptible. No information now exists to indicate that the virus occurs in plants outside of the genus Prunus. It is found that woody plants such as stone fruit trees are not particularly favorable plants for studying the virus. All attempts to isolate the western-X virus from woody tissue …

A Genetic Study Of Complementary Genes For Purple Lemma, Palea, And Pericarp In Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.), John William Thieret

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In certain plants the expression of various characters depends upon the presence of two pairs of complementary genes in the individual. The striking feature of this situation is that two plants, phenotypically alike or similar but of different and appropriate genetic constitution, may, after crossing, produce progeny which are phenotypically different from either parent.

An Etiological And Host Range Study Of Celery Mosaic In Utah, Dennis H. Hall

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Celery mosaic is a virus disease of major economic importance in Utah. In years of severe epiphytotics, it has been a limiting factor in celery production. In 1947 losses due to this disease were estimated to exceed 8 per cent of the total crop. This estimate does not include losses resulting from reduction in grade or from plants discarded in the packing sheds. The celery acreage in Utah dropped from a high of 950 acres in 1946 to 750 acres in 1947 and dropped again in 1948 to 420 acres. Leaders in the industry attributed this reduction in acreage, in …

A Study Of The Physiology Of Grape Roots And Stocks In Relation To A Lime-Induced Chlorosis, Eldrow Reeve

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The word chlorosis comes from the Greek "chloros" meaning light green and is used by plant science workers to designate a disease of plants, the characteristic symptom of which is the yellowing of the leaves.

The Plankton Of The Bear River Migratory Waterfowl Refuge, Utah Seasonal Distribution Of Organisms, George Piranian

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In the summer of 1932, an investigation of some biological, physical, and chemical conditions at the Bear River Migratory Waterfowl Refuge, Utah, was begun at the Utah State Agricultural College to determine some of the factors governing the biological productivity of brackish-water marshes. Unfortunately, lack of funds made it impossible to continue work beyond the first season.

In 1936, the Wild Life Experiment Station at the Utah State Agricultural College appropriated a fund for a cooperative project between the Station and the Department of Botany at the same institution. This project, planned to be continued by various graduate fellows over …