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Articles 61 - 90 of 709
Full-Text Articles in Botany
The Spanish And Mexican Baseline Of California Tree And Shrubland Distributions Since The Late 18th Century, Richard A. Minnich, Brett R. Goforth, Richard Minnich
The Spanish And Mexican Baseline Of California Tree And Shrubland Distributions Since The Late 18th Century, Richard A. Minnich, Brett R. Goforth, Richard Minnich
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Historical distributions of 31 tree species, chaparral, and coastal sage scrub described by Spanish land explorers in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries (1769–1806) and in land grant diseños (1784–1846) are reconstructed at 634 localities across central and southern California. This baseline predates most formal botanical surveys by nearly a century, allowing for assessment of vegetation change over the broadest time frame for comparison with pre-historical evidences and future distributions. Spanish accounts are compared with historical sources in the Mexican era (1821–1848), American settlement (1848–1929), and modern range maps of the 1929–1934 Vegetation Type Map (VTM) survey. Among tree …
Phylogeny Of Dyschoriste (Acanthaceae), Noravit Chumchim, Lucinda A. Mcdade, Amanda E. Fisher
Phylogeny Of Dyschoriste (Acanthaceae), Noravit Chumchim, Lucinda A. Mcdade, Amanda E. Fisher
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
The pantropical and poorly known genus Dyschoriste (Acanthaceae) is sister to Strobilanthopsis within subtribe Petalidiinae. The present study included 38 accessions of 28 species as sources of DNA data for one nuclear (nrITS) and four chloroplast (intergenic spacers: psbA-trnH, trnS-trnG, ndhF-rpl32, rpl32- trnL(uag)) regions to provide an estimate of the phylogeny of the genus. We found that Dyschoriste is strongly supported as monophyletic inclusive of Apassalus, Chaetacanthus, and Sautiera. Within Dyschoriste, three geographically cohesive lineages were recovered with moderate to strong support: a mainland African clade, a Caribbean and southeastern United …
Robert Folger Thorne—A Botanical Legacy
Robert Folger Thorne—A Botanical Legacy
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Robert F. Thorne, distinguished botanist and former curator of the herbarium at Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, left a rich botanical legacy. Contributions featured include a list of his articles appearing in Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, as well a list of plant taxa named for him.
Reviewers Of Manuscripts, Volumes 32 And 33
Reviewers Of Manuscripts, Volumes 32 And 33
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
No abstract provided.
Contents 33(2)
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
No abstract provided.
Index To Volume 33
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
No abstract provided.
The Complete Plastid Genome Sequence Of Iris Gatesii (Section Oncocyclus), A Bearded Species From Southeastern Turkey, Carol A. Wilson
The Complete Plastid Genome Sequence Of Iris Gatesii (Section Oncocyclus), A Bearded Species From Southeastern Turkey, Carol A. Wilson
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Iris gatesii is a rare bearded species in subgenus Iris section Oncocyclus that occurs in steppe communities of southeastern Turkey. This species is not commonly cultivated, but related species in section Iris are economically important horticultural plants. The complete plastid genome is reported for I. gatesii based on data generated using the Illumina HiSeq platform and is compared to genomes of 16 species selected from across the monocotyledons. This Iris genome is the only known plastid genome available for order Asparagales that is not from Orchidaceae. The I. gatesii plastid genome, unlike orchid genomes, has little gene loss and rearrangement …
Nelsonioideae (Lamiales: Acanthaceae): Revision Of Genera And Catalog Of Species, Thomas F. Daniel, Lucinda A. Mcdade
Nelsonioideae (Lamiales: Acanthaceae): Revision Of Genera And Catalog Of Species, Thomas F. Daniel, Lucinda A. Mcdade
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
A taxonomic account of Acanthaceae subfamily Nelsonioideae based on morphological and phylogenetic data treats five genera with 172 species: Anisosepalum (3), Elytraria (21), Nelsonia (2), Saintpauliopsis (1), and Staurogyne (145). Two other currently recognized genera, Gynocraterium and Ophiorrhiziphyllon, are included within Staurogyne, and the new combinations, Staurogyne guianensis and S. macrobotrya, are proposed. Probable apomorphic and other diagnostic macro- and micromorphological characters are discussed relative to the subfamily and genera. Characters of the inflorescence, androecium (especially pollen), and seed show important phylogenetic and diagnostic signal. A key to genera, generic descriptions and discussions, illustrations, and distribution maps …
Differences In Temperature Responses Of Achene Types In Centaurea Melitensis, Kandee L. Bain
Differences In Temperature Responses Of Achene Types In Centaurea Melitensis, Kandee L. Bain
LUX: A Journal of Transdisciplinary Writing and Research from Claremont Graduate University
Southern California has a Mediterranean climate with wet winters and hot dry summers. This type of environment is associated with irregular temperature patterns and rainfall, which can be unpredictable. Unpredictable environments, can threaten the germination and survival of plants like Centaurea melitensis. To ensure germination and survival under unpredictable environmental conditions, some plants may develop characteristic structures like cleistogamous flower heads, and in some cases they will develop heteromorphic achenes. Morphological differences between peripheral and center achenes may indicate variable responses to temperature. Additionally, unpredictable environmental conditions may lead to differences in the number of peripheral to center achenes …
Sequoiadendron Giganteum (Cupressaceae) At Lake Fulmor, Riverside County, California, Rudolf Schmid, Mena Schmid
Sequoiadendron Giganteum (Cupressaceae) At Lake Fulmor, Riverside County, California, Rudolf Schmid, Mena Schmid
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
A GPS census made on 19 June 2012 of the Lake Fulmor area, northwestern San Jacinto Mountains, Riverside County, California, revealed seven trees of the Sierra Nevada endemic Sequoiadendron giganteum (Cupressaceae). The trees occur in a 234-meter-long narrow strip along the northwestern side of the lake. The population appears to be naturalizing. The largest tree (45 cm DBH, about 20 m tall), planted in 1980, is reproductively mature. Its six offspring to the northeast and southwest are 3–5 m tall and do not presently bear cones.
Kalinia, A New North American Genus For A Species Long Misplaced In Eragrostis (Poaceae, Chloridoideae), Hester L. Bell, J. Travis Columbus, Amanda L. Ingram
Kalinia, A New North American Genus For A Species Long Misplaced In Eragrostis (Poaceae, Chloridoideae), Hester L. Bell, J. Travis Columbus, Amanda L. Ingram
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Eragrostis obtusiflora (Poaceae, Chloridoideae), a species distributed from the southwestern United States to central Mexico, has long been recognized for exhibiting morphological and anatomical features atypical of Eragrostis. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear internal transcribed spacer sequences and plastid sequences demonstrate that E. obtusiflora should be excluded from Eragrostis (Eragrostideae) and instead be placed in Cynodonteae, although its position within this tribe was unresolved. Additional data, including anatomical and micromorphological characters, suggest a close relationship with Distichlis. However, differences in spikelet and rhizome characters prevent its inclusion in Distichlis. Therefore, the species is transferred to a newly described …
A New Species Of Linanthus (Polemoniaceae) From San Bernardino County, California, Naomi S. Fraga, Duncan S. Bell
A New Species Of Linanthus (Polemoniaceae) From San Bernardino County, California, Naomi S. Fraga, Duncan S. Bell
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Linanthus bernardinus is described as new from San Bernardino County, California. It is morphologically similar to L. killipii and L. orcuttii subsp. pacificus but differs from plants of these taxa in height, corolla length, seed morphology, and habitat. Linanthus bernardinus can be found growing in vernally moist areas within Joshua tree woodland, often in shallow depressions, or on gentle slopes, in decomposed granite sand that is surrounded by large granite boulder fields.
Species Status Of Sclerocactus Brevispinus, S. Wetlandicus, And S. Glaucus: Inferences From Morphology, Chloroplast Dna Sequences, And Aflp Markers, J. Mark Porter, Jennifer Cruse-Sanders, Linda Prince, Robert Lauri
Species Status Of Sclerocactus Brevispinus, S. Wetlandicus, And S. Glaucus: Inferences From Morphology, Chloroplast Dna Sequences, And Aflp Markers, J. Mark Porter, Jennifer Cruse-Sanders, Linda Prince, Robert Lauri
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
We examine patterns of variation in 12 continuous morphological traits, chloroplast DNA sequences from 10 intergenic spacer regions (petA-psbJ, psbk-trnS, psbM-trnD, rpob-trnC, trnC-trnD, trnGCU-trnG2S, trnFM-trnUGA, atpF-atpH, trnT-trnD, trnQ-psbk), atpF, and rpl16, and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) genetic markers in Sclerocactus glaucus sensu lato (= S. brevispinus, S. glaucus, and S. wetlandicus), a complex that historically has been considered conspecific and afforded protection …
Naturalization Of Sequoiadendron Giganteum (Cupressaceae) In Montane Southern California, Rudolf Schmid, Mena Schmid
Naturalization Of Sequoiadendron Giganteum (Cupressaceae) In Montane Southern California, Rudolf Schmid, Mena Schmid
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
After the August 1974 fire in the upper Hall Canyon area on the southwestern flank of Black Mountain in the northwestern San Jacinto Mountains, Riverside County, California, the United States Forest Service revegetated the burn in the mixed-conifer forest with the Sierra Nevada endemic Sequoiadendron giganteum (Cupressaceae). On 1 May 2009 a GPS census starting at the head of Hall Canyon revealed both in the canyon and upslope beyond it at least 157 individuals in the vicinity of the Black Mountain Trail, plus an outlier 450 m distant near the summit. This species alien to southern California is regenerating prolifically …
Euphorbia (Subgen. Chamaesyce Sect. Anisophyllum) Jaegeri, A Shrubby New Species From The Deserts Of California, United States, Victor W. Steinmann, James M. André
Euphorbia (Subgen. Chamaesyce Sect. Anisophyllum) Jaegeri, A Shrubby New Species From The Deserts Of California, United States, Victor W. Steinmann, James M. André
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Euphorbia jaegeri (Euphorbiaceae), an endemic to southeastern California, United States, is described as new and illustrated with photographs. It is known from two general locations, one in the Orocopia Mountains (Riverside County) and the other in the Marble Mountains and adjacent Bristol Mountains (San Bernardino County). The habitat is desert scrub on rocky hillsides and along arroyos, primarily in rock crevices or gravelly soils, at elevations from approximately 600 to 850 m. The new species belongs to Euphorbia subgen. Chamaesyce sect. Anisophyllum. It is distinguished by the combination of a shrubby habit and involucral appendages that are deeply parted …
A Revision Of Erythranthe Montioides And Erythranthe Palmeri (Phrymaceae), With Descriptions Of Five New Species From California And Nevada, Usa, Naomi S. Fraga
A Revision Of Erythranthe Montioides And Erythranthe Palmeri (Phrymaceae), With Descriptions Of Five New Species From California And Nevada, Usa, Naomi S. Fraga
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
The genus Erythranthe (Phrymaceae) continues to be a source of floristic novelty, especially in the American West, as evidenced by recent discoveries presented here. Two species in Erythranthe section Paradantha (E. montioides and E. palmeri) have long been a source of taxonomic confusion. Recent research reveals that a total of ten species have previously been treated as part of these two species. Here I present a revised taxonomy for E. montioides and E. palmeri including clarification of species circumscriptions (E. montioides, E. palmeri), recognition of three species that have previously been treated as synonyms …
Wood Anatomy Of Gnetales In A Functional, Ecological, And Evolutionary Context, Sherwin Carlquist
Wood Anatomy Of Gnetales In A Functional, Ecological, And Evolutionary Context, Sherwin Carlquist
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
New scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope data and illustrations are presented in order to compare hydraulic adaptations of non-gnetalean conifers and angiosperms to relevant wood features of Gnetales. Gnetales have essentially all of the adaptations of both groups, yet have not competed well, despite predating angiosperms in origin and radiation. Angiosperms may be advantaged more by life cycle abbreviation and by heterochronic possibilities than by wood features. Wood features of Gnetales that relate to conduction (torus-margo differentiation of tracheid pit membranes, distribution of tori within the wood, perforation plate simplification, growth rings, vesturing, helical thickenings, and axial parenchyma) …
A New Variety Of Lomatium Ravenii (Apiaceae) From The Northern Great Basin And Adjacent Owyhee Region, Kimberly M. Carlson, Donald H. Mansfield, James F. Smith
A New Variety Of Lomatium Ravenii (Apiaceae) From The Northern Great Basin And Adjacent Owyhee Region, Kimberly M. Carlson, Donald H. Mansfield, James F. Smith
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Variability in the group of Lomatium species comprising L. nevadense, L. ravenii, and L. foeniculaceum has led to conflicting classification schemes. While some taxonomists have treated L. ravenii as a distinct species made up of all the populations from California, Nevada, Idaho, and Oregon, others considered L. ravenii to be nothing more than a morphological extreme of L. nevadense. We examined morphological and phylogenetic data from across the range of L. ravenii, concluding that variation in the species warrants varietal distinction. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis of 29 populations shows two distinct groups—one from the vicinity of …
The Flora Of Greater San Quintín, Baja California, Mexico (2005–2010), Sula E. Vanderplank
The Flora Of Greater San Quintín, Baja California, Mexico (2005–2010), Sula E. Vanderplank
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
The plants of San Quintín (Baja California, Mexico) were documented through intensive fieldwork and collection of herbarium specimens to create a checklist of species. The region is located near the southernmost extent of the California Floristic Province, and the flora is influenced by the adjacent desert to the south. A total of 435 plant taxa were documented, of which 82% are native plants. Almost one in three native plant taxa in Greater San Quintín is a sensitive species, here documented as rare and/or locally endemic, and many taxa have yet to be evaluated fully for rarity and threats. Four major …
Phylogenetic Evaluation Of Series Delimitations In Section Palmata (Acer, Aceroideae, Sapindaceae) Based On Sequences Of Nuclear And Chloroplast Genes, Jianhua Li
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Acer section Palmata (Japanese maples) is the largest section within the genus; however, series delimitations within section Palmata have not been evaluated in a phylogenetic context. Both maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of DNA sequence data of nuclear rDNA ITS and chloroplast genes (ndhF, trnL-trnF, and psbA-trnH) from 23 species of Acer section Palmata show that traditional series do not form individual clades. Results from this study support the most recent taxonomic treatment of Acer that does not recognize any series in section Palmata. Nuclear and chloroplast phylogenies are significantly …
Wood Anatomy Of Family Salvadoraceae From The Indian Subcontinent With Special Reference To The Ultrastructure Of The Vessel Wall, Vishakha Saxena, Sangeeta Gupta
Wood Anatomy Of Family Salvadoraceae From The Indian Subcontinent With Special Reference To The Ultrastructure Of The Vessel Wall, Vishakha Saxena, Sangeeta Gupta
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
The present study describes the wood microstructure of Azima tetracantha, Salvadora oleoides, and S. persica, the members of family Salvadoraceae represented in the Indian Subcontinent. An identification key based on wood anatomical features has been developed for the separation of the species. SEM studies revealed the presence of vesturing in intervessel pits of Salvadora.
Sinker Structure Of Phoradendron Californicum (Viscaceae) Confounds Its Presumed Close Relationship To Other Acataphyllous Species, Rudolf Schmid, Clyde L. Calvin, Carol A. Wilson
Sinker Structure Of Phoradendron Californicum (Viscaceae) Confounds Its Presumed Close Relationship To Other Acataphyllous Species, Rudolf Schmid, Clyde L. Calvin, Carol A. Wilson
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Phoradendron is the largest genus of New World mistletoes, with about 250 species in two subgenera, Boreales and Aequatoriales, corresponding, respectively, to northern acataphyllous and southern cataphyllous groups. The typically acataphyllous P. californicum of western North America is controversial because recent phylogenetic work has nested it in the southern cataphyllous clade. Seedling establishment, stem anatomy, and endophytic system structure of this species were studied. Seedling haustorial holdfasts have gland cavities, structures considered absent in the Viscaceae clade of Santalales. The stem epidermis has a thick cuticle, deeply sunken stomata, and branched multicellular trichomes. The stem has an outer cortex …
Ponderosa Pine Revisited, J. Robert Haller, Nancy J. Vivrette
Ponderosa Pine Revisited, J. Robert Haller, Nancy J. Vivrette
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
We here recognize a new variety, Pinus ponderosa var. pacifica, in the Pacific portion of the species' distribution and present a new combination for Washoe pine as a variety, Pinus ponderosa var. washoensis. In this treatment, we reject the neotype of Pinus ponderosa selected by Lauria and designate instead the branch collected by David Douglas with mistletoe (Arceuthobium campylopodum) as lectotype for Pinus ponderosa. Table 1 compares the distinguishing characters of the North Plateau (typical) variety, the Pacific variety, and the Washoe variety of Pinus ponderosa with a closely related species, Pinus jeffreyi. Figure …
Nomenclatural Changes For Some Grasses In California. Ii., James P. Smith Jr., J. Travis Columbus
Nomenclatural Changes For Some Grasses In California. Ii., James P. Smith Jr., J. Travis Columbus
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Two additional nomenclatural changes are required for Poaceae treatments that will appear in the second edition of The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. They are Elymus x gouldii and Festuca temulenta. The former corrects a violation of the rule in the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature involving the naming of hybrids, and the latter involves a widely occurring non-native grass in California traditionally assigned to Lolium.