Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons^™

Predicting Site‑Specific Economic Optimal Nitrogen Rate Using Machine Learning Methods And On‑Farm Precision Experimentation, Alfonso De Lara, Taro Mieno, Joe D. Luck, Laila A. Puntel

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Applying at the economic optimal nitrogen rate (EONR) has the potential to increase nitrogen (N) fertilization efficiency and profits while reducing negative environmental impacts. On-farm precision experimentation (OFPE) provides the opportunity to collect large amounts of data to estimate the EONR. Machine learning (ML) methods such as generalized additive models (GAM) and random forest (RF) are promising methods for estimating yields and EONR. Twenty OFPE N trials in wheat and barley were conducted and analyzed with soil, terrain and remote-sensed variables to address the following objectives: (1) to quantify the spatial variability of winter crops yield and the yield response …

Protecting Wa Crops Issue 28 - March 2023, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Protecting WA Crops

Protecting WA Crops Issue 28 - March 2023 contents:

• GRDC Perth Research Updates 2023 - Entomology
• Russian wheat aphid thresholds in WA and using biological control for RLEM
• Lessons learnt from native budworm activity in wheat, relative to traditional hosts lupins, pulses and canola
• Meet Crop Protection team member – Svetlana Micic

Simulation Of Pasture Phase Options For Mixed Livestock And Cropping Enterprises, L. Salmon, A. D. Moore, J. F. Angus

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In southern Australia, 50% of grain-producing farms also run beef and/or sheep enterprises. Legume pasture leys are used to replace soil nitrogen and manage crop disease risks. Deep-rooted perennials, predominantly lucerne (Medicago sativa), are replacing annual Trifolium subterraneum-based leys to increase pasture production. They also have the environmental benefits of limiting soil acidity, rising water tables and dryland salinity. After recent droughts depletion of soil water by lucerne has penalised wheat yields. Decision support tools can help farmers evaluate the long-term effects of grazed annual and perennial leys on animal and crop production at the whole farm …

Use Of Silage Additives In Ensiling Of Whole-Crop Barley And Wheat - A Comparison Of Round Big Bales And Precision Chopped Silages, M. Knický, P. Lingvall

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An increasing use of whole-crop cereals, as supplementary feed, has increased interest in development of efficient ways of preserving these forages to achieve a high hygienic quality. It is known that ensiling of whole-cereals often results in silages with high concentrations of butyric acid (Weissbach & Haacker, 1988). Furthermore, problems with poor aerobic stability still persist despite the use of lactic acid bacteria (Filya et al., 2000). Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effect of different types of additive mixtures on the fermentation process and aerobic stability of precision chopped and baled silages.

Nutritive Value For Finishing Beef Steers Of Wheat Grain Conserved By Different Techniques, P. Stacey, P. O'Kiely, A. P. Moloney, F. P. O'Mara

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Wheat grain harvested at dry matter (DM) concentrations above 860 g/kg is slow to deteriorate during long-term storage. However, high moisture grain (HMG) ranging from below 600 to 750 g DM/kg is conserved on some farms in the form of anaerobic storage of acid-treated, rolled wheat (AR) and urea-treated whole-wheat (UN) (Stacey et al., 2003). This experiment quantified the nutritive value for beef cattle of standard wheat grain (propionic acid-treated and rolled:PR) compared to AR and UN at different levels of intake.

An Evaluation Of Grain Processing And Storage Method, And Feed Level On The Performance And Meat Quality Of Beef Cattle Offered Two Contrasting Grass Silages, T. W. J. Keady, F. O. Lively, D. J. Kilpatrick

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Traditionally cereals have been dried or treated with propionic acid and processed prior to feeding to finishing beef cattle. Recently new techniques have been developed for storing and feeding grain to beef cattle. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of grain storage and processing method, and grain feed level on performance and meat quality of beef cattle offered two contrasting feed value grass silages.

Improving Baking Quality Of Soft Red Winter Wheat In Kentucky Through Breeding And Sulfur-Nitrogen Fertility Management, Maria Paula Castellari

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Soft Red Winter (SRW) wheat is an important crop grown on about 400,000 acres in Kentucky as a pivotal cash crop in the 3-crops-in-2-years rotation of corn, wheat, and soybean. The humid environment of Kentucky generates a high yielding wheat crop, with low protein concentration and weak gluten strength. This wheat is mainly sold to millers and used by the industry for cakes, pastries, cookies, and crackers. Conversely, there is a rapidly growing interest in identifying other value-added markets for this wheat different to commodity commercialization, such as artisan-baked goods and craft-distilled beverages. Evaluating the quality characteristics of wheat grown …

2023 Western Australian Crop Sowing Guide, B. Shackley, B. Paynter, J. Bucat, M. Seymour, H. Dhammu

Bulletins 4000 -

Welcome to the 2023 edition of the Crop Sowing Guide for WA, which introduces 31 new variety releases: two wheat, seven barley (one as feed only and six currently under malt evaluation), 15 canola, three hay-only oat and four lentil varieties.

The Crop Sowing Guide for WA has been compiled by officers in the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development. It provides information to support variety decisions for each of the major crops for the upcoming season.

In this edition, the canola NVT series are now identified by GRDC/NVT as ‘Low-Med Rainfall’ and ‘Med–High Rainfall’ to reflect the environments …

Pestfacts Wa Issue 18 - October 2022, Cindy L. Webster, Svetlana Micic, Alan Lord, Ciara Beard, Andrea Hills, Daniel Huberli

PestFacts WA

PestFacts WA Issue 18 - October 2022 contents:

• Avoid snail contamination in wheat
• Be mindful of chemical withholding periods if spraying for native budworm
• Glume blotch and false (pseudo) black chaff in wheat
• Powdery mildew found in canola and lupin
• Rhizoctonia bare patches are common this year

Pestfacts Wa Issue 16 - September 2022, Cindy L. Webster, Dusty Severtson, Alan Lord, Jean Galloway, Ciara Beard, Geoff J. Thomas, Andrea Hills

PestFacts WA

PestFacts WA Issue 16 - September 2022:

• Spring control of redlegged earth mites
• Native budworm update
• Botrytis grey mould
• Anthracnose and Phomopsis in lupins
• Leaf rust in oats and wheat

Pestfacts Wa Issue 17 - September 2022, Cindy L. Webster, Svetlana Micic, Alan Lord, Ciara Beard, Andrea Hills, Daniel Huberli

PestFacts WA

PestFacts WA Issue 17 - September 2022 contents:

• Armyworm update
• Clean augers, field bins and silos to prevent insects contaminating grain
• Flag smut in wheat
• PestFacts WA Reporter app now available for android devices

Arkansas Wheat Performance Tests 2021-2022, J. F. Carlin, R. B. Morgan, R. D. Bond, D. E. Moon

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Wheat variety performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide information to companies developing varieties and marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating variety recommendations for small-grain producers. The tests are conducted at the Northeast Research and Extension Center at Keiser, the Vegetable Substation near Kibler, the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, the Pine Tree Research Station near Colt, and the Rohwer Research Station near Rohwer. Specific location …

Pestfacts Wa Issue 14 - August 2022, Cindy L. Webster, Alan Lord, Lizzy Lowe, Ciara Beard, Geoff J. Thomas

PestFacts WA

PestFacts WA Issue 14 - August 2022 contents:

• Russian wheat aphid activity update
• Native budworm moth numbers are increasing
• Beneficials insecticide toxicity table
• Late season wheat powdery mildew management

Pestfacts Wa Issue 13 - August 2022, Cindy L. Webster, Dusty Severtson, Alan Lord, Andrea Hills

PestFacts WA

PestFacts WA Issue 13 - August 2022 contents:

• Identifying caterpillars in cereal crops
• Diamondback moth update
• Native budworm
• Wheat powdery mildew fungicide resistance testing

Pestfacts Wa Issue 11 - July 2022, Ciara Beard, Geoff J. Thomas

PestFacts WA

PestFacts WA Issue 11 - July 2022 contents:

• Wheat powdery mildew in the Geraldton port zone

Pestfacts Wa Issue 07 - June 2022, Alan Lord, Dusty Severtson, Cindy L. Webster, Svetlana Micic, Kithsiri Jayasena, Geoff J. Thomas, Ciara Beard, Andrea Hills, Jean Galloway

PestFacts WA

PestFacts WA Issue 07 - June 2022 contents:

• Native budworm moths and caterpillars are being found early
• 2022 winter spring insecticide spray guide is now available
• Monitor barley crops for net blotches
• Powdery mildew in barley and wheat
• Sclerotinia apothecia
• Spartacus leaf tipping

Pestfacts Wa Issue 04 - May 2022, Svetlana Micic, Benjamin S. Congdon, Cindy L. Webster, Andrea Hills, Ravjit Khangura

PestFacts WA

PestFacts WA Issue 04 - May 2022 contents:

• Grasshoppers are hatching
• Aphid activity and turnip yellows virus detections
• Downy mildew and damping off in canola
• Nodorum blotch in wheat
• Plant disease webinar recording can now be viewed online

Editorial: Genomics-Enabled Triticeae Improvement, Xue-Feng Ma, Xianchun Xia, Shuyu Liu, P. Stephen Baenziger, Hakan Özkan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Source Of Off-Type Frequencies In Winter Wheat Varieties, Michaela Benes

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

The enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is undesirable in most wheat products due to the discoloration it causes. Purifying wheat varieties through selective breeding is the best way at getting rid of PPO in a variety. The variety NW15443 was planted in both a field in McCook, NE, and in a greenhouse in Lincoln, NE. Individual heads were snapped from the field and the greenhouse seed was harvested in bulk. After completing a PPO test of the seed, it was determined that the percentages of off-type frequencies from the field seed and the greenhouse seed were 11% and 3.6%, respectively. Using …

Efficacy Of Nanomaterials And Biorationals On The Bacterial Leaf Streak Management In Wheat, Abraham Hangamaisho

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the United States. Most wheat varieties are susceptible to bacterial leaf streak (BLS), a major disease caused by Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa (Xtpvu). BLS is challenging to manage since common chemicals do not provide adequate control. Nanomaterials and plant extracts have shown potential to provide a sustainable environmentally friendly control of animal and plant diseases. However, limited data are available on the efficacy of plant extracts and nanomaterials controlling BLS in wheat. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of plant extracts and …

Effect Of Essential Oils In The Control Of Fungal Diseases In Small Grains, Esneider Mahecha Bojaca

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.) are important crops due to their high consumption in our daily diet worldwide. They are the main food of consumption per capita due to the high amino-acid content as well of vitamins. However, grain production is limited due to the negative impact of the diseases that cause significant yield loss. Diseases in oats, such as crown rust caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae (Pca), and in wheat such as Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by the fungus Fusarium graminearum. Foliar diseases such as tan spot incited by the fungi …

Carry-Over Effect In Forage Rotations On Newly Reclaimed Sandy Soil In Egypt, Z. Abdelhalim, O. Niemeläinen, I. A. Hanna, A. M. Rammah

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This study was carried out to investigate the carry-over effect of a preceding crop on the productivity of the following crop in various rotations in newly reclaimed lands in Egypt. The productivity of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), soyabean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), maize (Zea mays L.) and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) in summer season were much higher following berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) or lentil (Lens culinaris Medic) than after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in both years of the study. Soyabean was the best summer …

2022 Western Australian Crop Sowing Guide, B. Shackley, B. Paynter, J. Bucat, M. Seymour, S. Power

Bulletins 4000 -

Welcome to the 2022 edition of the Crop Sowing Guide for WA, which introduces 27 new variety releases: three wheat, nine barley (three recently accredited for malt and six currently under malt evaluation), twelve canola, two field pea and a lentil.

The Crop Sowing Guide for WA has been compiled by officers in the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development. It provides information to support variety decisions for each of the major crops for the upcoming season.

In this edition, lupin agzones have been reduced from 8 agzones to 6 so that all varieties for each of the major …

Virulence Assessment Of Australian Pyrenophora Tritici-Repentis Isolates, Pao Theen See, Kefei Chen, Kalai A. Marathamuthu, Nikki Schultz, Manisha Shankar, Caroline S. Moffat

Biosecurity Research Articles

The virulence of 57 Australian isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr), a necrotrophic fungal pathogen responsible for the major wheat disease tan spot, was assessed through plant infection assays. Isolates collected from the northern, southern, and western wheat-cropping regions of Australia were evaluated against 16 Australian bread wheat cultivars under controlled growth conditions. Following infection, the wheat panel displayed varying disease symptoms ranging from tiny necrotic specks to spreading chlorotic and necrotic lesions. Analysis of variance indicated that the wheat cultivar exhibited a greater effect on the disease response, explaining 62.7% of the variation, in comparison to the isolate …

Arkansas Wheat Performance Tests 2020-2021, J. F. Carlin, R. D. Bond, D. E. Moon, R. B. Morgan

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Wheat variety performance tests are conducted each year in Ark- ansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide informa- tion to companies developing varieties and marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating variety recommendations for small-grain producers. The tests are conducted at the Northeast Research and Extension Center at Keiser, the Vegetable Substation near Kibler, the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, the Jackson County Extension Center near Newport, the Pine Tree Research Station near Colt, …

Coleoptile Length Comparison Of Three Winter Small Grain Cereals Adapted To The Great Plains, M. Alam, M. Kashif, Amanda Easterly, F. Wang, J. D. Boehm Jr., P. Stephen Baenziger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Successful crop stand establishment is critical to realize high yield potential, which is dependent on depth of seed placement to access soil moisture. The coleoptile determines sowing depth by its length and ability to emerge from depth. This study was conducted to assess coleoptile length among three sets of three Great Plains winter small grain cereals—wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and triticale (X triticosecale Wittm.)—and to evaluate the effect of the Rht-B1b dwarfing allele on coleoptile length in wheat and triticale. Fifty seeds of each genotype were sown in wet germination paper in two …

Yield Of Double Purpose Winter Species As Pasture And Silage, Renato S. Fontaneli, H. P. Dos Santos, A. Do Nascimento Junior, E. Caierãol, Rob S. Fontaneli

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Green Forage And Silage Nutritive Value Of Double Purpose Winter Species, Renato S. Fontaneli, Rob S. Fontaneli, J. W. Dürr, H. P. Dos Santos

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Breeding Small Grains For Forage Production In The Southern Great Plains Of The Usa, M. C. Saha, J. L. Baker, J. Black, Andrew A. Hopkins, Joseph H. Bouton

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Dual Purpose, Small Grain Species For Southern Brazil, Rob S. Fontaneli, H. P. Dos Santos, E. Caierãol, A. Do Nascimento Junior

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.