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Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

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Effect Of Low Temperature On The Germination Of Artificially Dried Seed Corn, J. E. Livingston Jan 1951

Effect Of Low Temperature On The Germination Of Artificially Dried Seed Corn, J. E. Livingston

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Soil pathogens were primarily responsible for the reduction in emergence of corn seedlings following the cold treatment. The susceptibility of the seedlings to soil pathogens was much greater when the seedlings were exposed to a soil temperature of 5° C for 7 to 14 days than when they were held continuously at 20° C. Seedling emergence was in inverse relation to kernel moisture content at time of harvest. Artificial drying of the seed intensified this effect, particularly in nonsterile soil. Treatment of the seed with Arasan prior to planting completely eliminated the effect of soil pathogens on seedling emergence either …

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Progressive Development And Seasonal Variations Of The Corn Crop, T. A. Kiesselbach Dec 1950

Progressive Development And Seasonal Variations Of The Corn Crop, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The chief purpose of these studies has been to determine the normal growth changes that occur in the corn plant at successive intervals when growing in the field, and to observe annual yield variations in relation to prevailing weather conditions. Aside from supplying information regarding the physiology of this crop, the data are of interest to the corn grower because they indicate comparative yields, shelling percentages, moisture contents, and feed constituents at various stages of development. Some data also are presented concerning the effects of frost, drouth, day length, and the economic value of tillers and seminal roots.

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The Structure And Reproduction Of Corn, T. A. Kiesselbach Nov 1949

The Structure And Reproduction Of Corn, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The primary purpose of this paper is to summarize investigations concerning the structure and reproduction of the corn plant (Zea mays L.). Because of wide interest in the reproductive process in connection with breeding and genetic studies the floral development, fertilization, and embryology are especially stressed. The morphology and development of the vegetative organs is also included. The botanical relationship, origin, genetics and breeding of corn are briefly considered.

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Effects Of Mowing Frequency On The Yield And Protein Content Of Several Grasses Grown In Pure Stands, L. C. Newell, F. D. Keim Sep 1947

Effects Of Mowing Frequency On The Yield And Protein Content Of Several Grasses Grown In Pure Stands, L. C. Newell, F. D. Keim

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This paper presents results of a five-year experiment conducted at the Agricultural Experiment Station, Lincoln, Nebraska, on the adaptation, yield, and quality of several grasses subjected to different frequencies of harvest as a means of determining their forage value.

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Pollination Cycles And Pollen Dispersal In Relation To Grass Improvement, Melvin D. Jones, L. C. Newell Oct 1946

Pollination Cycles And Pollen Dispersal In Relation To Grass Improvement, Melvin D. Jones, L. C. Newell

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The plant breeder is initially concerned with gaining a knowledge of the breeding behavior of his plant materials in order that improvement may be undertaken effectively. It is important to know the different characteristic pollination habits of these plants. To develop and apply techniques applicable to the improvement of a given grass crop, it is desirable to know the time of day and the number of days that the grass sheds pollen. The effects of temperature, humidity, light, and wind on pollination must be considered. Once superiority of germplasm is obtained, the most important consideration is the maintenance of this …

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Carotene Content Of Native Nebraska Grasses, I. L. Hathaway, H. P. Davis, F. D. Keim Oct 1945

Carotene Content Of Native Nebraska Grasses, I. L. Hathaway, H. P. Davis, F. D. Keim

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The carotene content of twenty-four grasses native to Nebraska were determined at approximately monthly intervals from June to November. While the carotene concentration of most of the grasses was moderately high during the growing season, it declined to a rather low point by late November. With the exception of Switchgrass, Hairy Grama, Little Bluestem and Prairie Dropseed, all of the grasses contained enough carotene to supply the needs of range cattle until late November. However, only eighteen of the grasses still contained enough carotene by the latter part of September to furnish the carotene required by dairy cows. Even as …

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Charcoal Rot Of Corn And Sorghum, J. E. Livingston Apr 1945

Charcoal Rot Of Corn And Sorghum, J. E. Livingston

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

In Nebraska, the charcoal rot caused considerable damage to the 1940 grain sorghum crop in the south central counties, and the following year it caused serious lodging and reduction of yield in both corn and sorghum in all sections of the state. Field observations indicated that some varieties of sorghum were damaged less than others; thus it appeared desirable to test thoroughly all varieties to determine whether any were sufficiently resistant to be recommended for field planting or to be used in a breeding program. It seemed desirable to study the influence of soil environment on infection and the development …

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Nitrate Production As Affected By Grain-Crop Residues On The Surface Of The Soil, T. M. Mccalla, J. C. Russel Aug 1943

Nitrate Production As Affected By Grain-Crop Residues On The Surface Of The Soil, T. M. Mccalla, J. C. Russel

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The purpose of this bulletin is to present the data on nitrate contents and nitrate production in tests where straw or stalk residues were left on the surface through subsurface tillage, as compared with check treatments where these residues were plowed under or were absent. Nine of these tests were at Lincoln, Nebraska, and one was at the Hastings, Nebraska, Hydrological Project. Two tests were conducted in 1939, four in 1941, and four in 1942.

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Alfalfa Breeding, H. M. Tysdal, T. A. Kiesselbach, H. M. Westover Jun 1942

Alfalfa Breeding, H. M. Tysdal, T. A. Kiesselbach, H. M. Westover

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Interest in the principles of alfalfa breeding has increased greatly with the growing "forage consciousness" of the country at large and the more specific interest developed through cooperation in the Alfalfa Improvement Conference. As is true of many other forage crops, information on the breeding behavior of alfalfa is meager. During the past few years, however, the genetics and principles of reproduction of this crop have come to be better understood and it is the purpose of this paper to bring together the available information pertaining to the improvement of alfalfa and to add certain suggestions with respect to future …

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The Relations Of Vegetative Composition And Cattle Grazing On Nebraska Range Land, T. E. Brinegar, F. D. Keim Mar 1942

The Relations Of Vegetative Composition And Cattle Grazing On Nebraska Range Land, T. E. Brinegar, F. D. Keim

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The objectives of the studies reported in this paper were: (1) to obtain an analysis of the vegetation in tall and short grass range lands, (2) to observe the activities of cattle on the range, and (3) to determine the effects of grazing upon vegetation.

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Vegetative Composition And Grazing Capacity Of A Typical Area Of Nebraska Sandhill Range Land, A. L. Frolik, W. O. Shepherd Mar 1940

Vegetative Composition And Grazing Capacity Of A Typical Area Of Nebraska Sandhill Range Land, A. L. Frolik, W. O. Shepherd

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The sandhill area of Nebraska occupies approximately 20,000 square miles of the central portion of the state. Being unadapted to cultivation, the land is for the most part still covered with native vegetation. It is utilized primarily for the production of livestock, chiefly cattle. During the period 1931 to 1938 the sandhills carried annually an average of 1,041,000 cattle, which amounted to 31 per cent of the total number in the state. The management practices used in the Nebraska sandhills have gained national recognition as a good example of range conservation in the United States. The purpose of this study …

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The Effects Of Stinking Smut (Bunt) And Seed Treatment Upon The Yield Of Winter Wheat, T. A. Kiesselbach, W. E. Lyness Apr 1939

The Effects Of Stinking Smut (Bunt) And Seed Treatment Upon The Yield Of Winter Wheat, T. A. Kiesselbach, W. E. Lyness

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The depreciating effects of bunt or stinking smut (Tilletia levis Kuhn and tritici [Bjerk.] Wint.) upon the yield and quality of winter wheat in Nebraska and many other states are well known. The practical control of this disease through seed treatment has also been established and is being extensively practiced by growers. At the time these experiments were initiated in 1923, formaldehyde was the most commonly used disinfectant, while copper carbonate was just gaining recognition following its introduction by Darnell-Smith in 1915. It has been the chief purpose of the investigations herein reported to study the relative merits of …

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A Proposed Method For Classifying And Evaluating Soils On The Basis Of Productivity And Use Suitabilities, Arthur Anderson, A. P. Nelson, F. A. Hayes, I. D. Wood May 1938

A Proposed Method For Classifying And Evaluating Soils On The Basis Of Productivity And Use Suitabilities, Arthur Anderson, A. P. Nelson, F. A. Hayes, I. D. Wood

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

It is the object of this paper to present a method for classifying and evaluating the soils as mapped in regular soil surveys on the basis of land types, which are here defined as areas having reasonably similar productivity and use suitabilities. The standards used to differentiate land types will vary according to the desired objectives, but any material difference in yield, or in practices necessary to maintain a desirable level of productivity will justify recognition of land types. The proposed procedure involves a more detailed study of the influence which soils, slope, erosion, and drainage have on specific crops …

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Wilt And Cold Resistance Of Self-Fertilized Lines Of Alfalfas, George L. Peltier, H. M. Tysdal Sep 1934

Wilt And Cold Resistance Of Self-Fertilized Lines Of Alfalfas, George L. Peltier, H. M. Tysdal

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The relative reactions to cold and wilt of self-fertilized lines of alfalfa through to the fifth generation are reported. Some of the reasons for undertaking a breeding program are given as well as methods used in the controlled cold and wilt determinations. Preliminary studies showed that reinoculating healthy individuals which had already resisted one wilt infection test served to eliminate additional plants, but the percentage healthy was much higher after the reinoculation than after the first inoculation. The foundation materials from which selections were made consisted of selected plants from a number of old Nebraska fields and a large collection …

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The Relative Susceptibility Of Alfalfas To Wilt, George L. Peltier Apr 1933

The Relative Susceptibility Of Alfalfas To Wilt, George L. Peltier

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Except for alfalfa seed originating from a few old fields of Turkestan and Ladak, all varieties and strains now grown for commercial seed production in the United States, so far tested, have proved susceptible to wilt. All seed lots tested from South America (Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay), Europe (France, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Roumania, and Ukranian S.S.R.), Africa (Morocco, Algeria, and Abyssinia), and Asia (Palestine, Manchuria, China, Korea, and Chinese Turkestan) were found to be susceptible to wilt. All seed lots of Turkestan origin so far tested are as resistant as Hardistan, or more so. Seed samples from the …

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The Identification Of The More Important Prairie Hay Grasses Of Nebraska By Their Vegetative Characters, F. D. Keim, G. W. Beadle, A. L. Frolik Dec 1932

The Identification Of The More Important Prairie Hay Grasses Of Nebraska By Their Vegetative Characters, F. D. Keim, G. W. Beadle, A. L. Frolik

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

It is convenient and sometimes necessary to identify the grasses in their vegetative stage of growth. This is especially desirable in a study of the vegetation of native hay meadows and permanent pastures. This key is prepared as a guide in the identification of the more important prairie hay grasses of Nebraska. The meadows are often harvested before the floral parts of many of the grasses appear. If it is desired, therefore, to study the botanical composition of the native meadows, it becomes necessary to rely on identification of many of the grasses by means of vegetative characters.

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The Nature Of Resistance In Alfalfa To Wilt (Aplanobacter Insidiosum L. Mc.), George L. Peltier, F. R. Schroeder Oct 1932

The Nature Of Resistance In Alfalfa To Wilt (Aplanobacter Insidiosum L. Mc.), George L. Peltier, F. R. Schroeder

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Alfalfa wilt was first discovered in 1924 in southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois. The causal organism, Aplanobacter insidiosum, was later described by McCulloch. Since that time wilt has been reported from most of the alfalfa-growing sections of the United States and in some states it has been responsible for a rapid decrease in the acreage of alfalfa. During the past three years a number of investigators have found that certain alfalfas are somewhat resistant to wilt, whereas others are very susceptible. At the Nebraska station the results to date indicate that all common and most variegated alfalfas are very …

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Studies Of Prairie Hay In North Central Nebraska, F. D. Keim, A. L. Frolik, G. W. Beadle Mar 1932

Studies Of Prairie Hay In North Central Nebraska, F. D. Keim, A. L. Frolik, G. W. Beadle

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

During five years, 1924-1928, Nebraska ranked first among the states in the production of prairie hay. Approximately 2,500,000 tons were grown annually during this period. In acreage utilized, wild hay ranked third among the field crops of Nebraska. As a forage crop in the state, prairie hay ranked first in acreage, but second to alfalfa in production. The purpose of this bulletin is to report studies made of the botanical structure and yields of the native hay meadows during a period of four years, 1926-1929, in the most prominent prairie hay producing section of the state. Four counties in this …

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The Relative Susceptibility Of Alfalfas To Wilt And Cold, George L. Peltier, H. M. Tysdal Dec 1930

The Relative Susceptibility Of Alfalfas To Wilt And Cold, George L. Peltier, H. M. Tysdal

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The final solution of the alfalfa-wilt problem in Nebraska probably lies in the development of resistant sorts that are winterhardy as well as productive. The relative susceptibility to wilt of 40 lots from Turkestan, 10 from France, 6 of Grimm from as many states, and 16 domestic alfalfas are reported on at this time, together with hardiness tests of a few well-known varieties and strains and the more recent introductions from Turkestan and France.

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Breeding Winter Wheat For Resistance To Stinking Smut (Tilletia Levis And Tilletia Tritici), T. A. Kiesselbach, Arthur Anderson Dec 1930

Breeding Winter Wheat For Resistance To Stinking Smut (Tilletia Levis And Tilletia Tritici), T. A. Kiesselbach, Arthur Anderson

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Several productive lines of hard red winter wheat which are highly resistant to both species of stinking smut (Tilletia levis and T. tritici) have been isolated from the Turkey variety. Artificial-smut and stem-rust epidemics and controlled freezing have been found useful supplements to field-performance tests. Differential reactions of the new Turkey selections and a number of hybrid selections and established resistant varieties to collections of bunt from a number of states give definite evidence of the occurrence of mild and virulent physiologic forms of both species. Certain selections have proved very resistant to some of the smut collections and …

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Stem Rust In Nebraska. Part I. General Survey Of Sources. Part Ii. Identification Of The Physiologic Forms Of Puccinia Graminis From Various Sources, George L. Peltier, A. F. Thiel Jul 1927

Stem Rust In Nebraska. Part I. General Survey Of Sources. Part Ii. Identification Of The Physiologic Forms Of Puccinia Graminis From Various Sources, George L. Peltier, A. F. Thiel

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Part I: Since the inception of the barberry eradication campaign in 1918 in Nebraska, the question has continually been asked, "Will the eradication of the barberry in the state eliminate or materially reduce stem rust?" In order that an answer might be obtained, an investigation to determine the sources of primary infection of stem rust on cereals was inaugurated in the spring of 1921. Although these studies have been carried on for 6 years, no definite statement regarding the relative importance of the primary sources and the amount of stem rust prevalent in the state from season to season originating …

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The Differential Reaction Of Strains Within A Variety Of Wheat To Physiologic Forms Of Puccinia Graminis Tritici, T. A. Kiesselbach, George L. Peltier Dec 1926

The Differential Reaction Of Strains Within A Variety Of Wheat To Physiologic Forms Of Puccinia Graminis Tritici, T. A. Kiesselbach, George L. Peltier

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Black stem rust of wheat (Puccinia graminis tritici (Pers.) Erikss. & Henn.), which occurs in Nebraska and thruout most of the wheat producing regions of the world, is of a composite nature, in that it consists of a number of physiologic forms which can be determined by their action on different varieties of Triticum species, as shown by Stakman and Levine. The ordinary commercial variety of wheat may likewise be regarded as a mixture, in that it consists of numerous strains, which differ in some more or less important characteristics, as has been frequently indicated in the literature concerning …

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The Immediate Effect Of Gametic Relationship And Of Parental Type Upon The Kernel Weight Of Corn, T. A. Kiesselbach Dec 1926

The Immediate Effect Of Gametic Relationship And Of Parental Type Upon The Kernel Weight Of Corn, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This investigation to determine the relation of the kernel weight of corn to the source of pollen with which it was fertilized has been made to answer several questions of both practical and technical interest: (1) To what extent is kernel weight affected in the current crop by the "breadth of breeding" or the gametic relationship? (2) What is the relation of the diversity of parental type to the immediate effect of foreign pollen upon the kernel weight of corn? (3) Is the immediate effect of cross-fertilization upon the kernel weight of sufficient importance to justify the annual mixing of …

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Alfalfa Investigations, T. A. Kiesselbach, Arthur Anderson Dec 1926

Alfalfa Investigations, T. A. Kiesselbach, Arthur Anderson

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The purpose of these alfalfa investigations has been to determine the relation of variety, source of seed, and cultural practice to the yield and quality of hay produced. Due to the high initial cost of seeding, the inconvenience and wastefulness of losing a stand prematurely, and the superiority of properly-made hay, an understanding of these relationships is very important.

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Winter Wheat Investigations, T. A. Kiesselbach Nov 1925

Winter Wheat Investigations, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Twenty years of wheat breeding, consisting chiefly of the isolation and testing of pure lines, has now been conducted at the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station. It is the purpose of this paper to report the conduct and results of this work. The resulting strains are compared with the best other wheats available from Nebraska and other sources. The effects of a number of cultural practices related to the preparation of seed, seeding, treatment of the growing crop, and harvesting are also presented. Some consideration is given to the experimental technique of the comparative tests.

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A Study Of The Environmental Conditions Influencing The Development Of Stem Rust In The Absence Of An Alternate Host. Ii. Infection Studies With Puccinia Graminis Tritici Form Iii And Form Ix, George L. Peltier Dec 1923

A Study Of The Environmental Conditions Influencing The Development Of Stem Rust In The Absence Of An Alternate Host. Ii. Infection Studies With Puccinia Graminis Tritici Form Iii And Form Ix, George L. Peltier

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Stakman and Levine have shown that Puccinia graminis tritici (Pers.) Erikss. and Henn. consists of a number of biologic forms, which can be determined by their action on different varieties of Triticum species. To date 37 such biologic forms have been identified by them through the parasitic action on 12 differential hosts chosen from a large number of varieties of Triticum species. To determine whether these biologic forms remain constant in their behavior under various environmental conditions, a detailed study of the host-parasite relation was undertaken with 2 of these forms. At the same time an opportunity was afforded to …

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Corn Investigations, T. A. Kiesselbach Jun 1922

Corn Investigations, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The purpose of the investigations reported in this bulletin has been primarily to determine some of the underlying principles involved in corn improvement. The work comprises a study of some of the physiological characteristics of the crop together with a comparison of various selection, breeding, and cultural practices in their relation to grain yield.

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The Regional Adaptation Of Corn In Nebraska, T. A. Kiesselbach, F. D. Keim Apr 1921

The Regional Adaptation Of Corn In Nebraska, T. A. Kiesselbach, F. D. Keim

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The purpose of this investigation was to determine some of the factors involved in the regional adaptation of corn. The procedure has been to make a comparative study of native corn types, known to be locally adapted to various regional areas in Nebraska through long growth there. The work has been confined to the single species group - Zea mays indentata. No one variety of a common source is grown throughout the state, and therefore it has been impossible to keep within a single variety. It would appear that the data should indicate morphological and histological plant characteristics involved …

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Freezing Injury Of Seed Corn, T. A. Kiesselbach, J. A. Ratcliff Jun 1920

Freezing Injury Of Seed Corn, T. A. Kiesselbach, J. A. Ratcliff

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The object of the investigations in this bulletin has been to determine the conditions under which freezing injury may occur to seed corn; to indicate, if possible, the vital changes in the embryo resulting in such injury; and to point out ways by which seed corn of strong vitality and satisfactory yielding capacity may be obtained.

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Fusarium Blight Of The Soy Bean And The Relation Of Various Factors To Infection, Richard O. Cromwell Nov 1919

Fusarium Blight Of The Soy Bean And The Relation Of Various Factors To Infection, Richard O. Cromwell

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

An investigation was outlined (1) to determine the parasitism of Fusarium on soy bean, (2) to establish its relationship to Fusaria of the section Elegans in so far as a comparison of the cultural characters permitted, and (3) by means of cross- inoculations and field studies to determine the relationship of this disease of soy beans to the wilt disease of cowpeas (Vigna sinensis Hassk.) caused by Fusarium tracheiphilum Smith. The results of these investigations up to the close of the summer of 1916 have been reported. The studies were continued at the North Carolina Experiment Station until the …

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