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Articles 9451 - 9480 of 9665

Full-Text Articles in Agronomy and Crop Sciences

On-Farm Testing Of Early Maturing Soybeans, Larry J. Grabau, Colleen C. Steele, N. Gift Oct 1994

On-Farm Testing Of Early Maturing Soybeans, Larry J. Grabau, Colleen C. Steele, N. Gift

Agronomy Notes

Maturity Group (MG) II soybean varieties have performed well in University of Kentucky tests over the past several years. Six tests from 1986 to 1989 showed MG II varieities to outyield MG I, III, or IV varieties. During those relatively dry years, MG II may have been able to better utilize limited soil moisture than did later maturing varieties. Across the years 1990 to 1993, four planting date tests showed continued strong performance by MG II' varieties, although MG III and IV varieties had slightly higher yield averages during those wetter years. In summary, over the last eight years of …

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Crude Protein Of Hybrid Corn Varieties Evaluated In The Kentucky Hybrid Corn Performance Tests From 1990 To 1993, C. G. Poneleit, K. O. Evans, Michael Collins, Gary L. Cromwell Jul 1994

Crude Protein Of Hybrid Corn Varieties Evaluated In The Kentucky Hybrid Corn Performance Tests From 1990 To 1993, C. G. Poneleit, K. O. Evans, Michael Collins, Gary L. Cromwell

Agronomy Notes

Grain samples have been collected each year since 1990 from three locations of the Kentucky Hybrid Corn Performance Test and analyzed for crude protein. The objective was to provide an unbiased comparative evaluation of the crude protein content of corn hybrids sold in Kentucky. The results indicate that while management and environment at each test 1ocat i on may have significant influences, crude protein does differ among hybrid genotypes. The feeding value of specific hybrid genotypes based on their protein content may have significant influence in diet formulation for non-ruminant animals owing to the amount of supplement needed to properly …

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Wetlands: Mechanisms For Treating Acid Mine Drainage, David C. Ditsch, Anastasios D. Karathanasis Feb 1994

Wetlands: Mechanisms For Treating Acid Mine Drainage, David C. Ditsch, Anastasios D. Karathanasis

Agronomy Notes

A great deal of attention has been given to wetlands in recent years. Research suggests that natural and/or constructed wetlands may play a valuable role in flood flow moderation, sediment retention and stabilization, and waste water treatment while providing habitat for game and nongame wildlife. Only within the last 10 years have wetlands received serious attention in the treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD).

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1994 Kentucky Timothy Variety Test Report, L. M. Lauriault, Timothy D. Phillips, Jimmy C. Henning Jan 1994

1994 Kentucky Timothy Variety Test Report, L. M. Lauriault, Timothy D. Phillips, Jimmy C. Henning

Agronomy Notes

Timothy (Phleum pratense) is the fourth most widely sown cool-season perennial grass used in Kentucky for forage, ranking behind tall fescue, orchardgrass, and Kentucky bluegrass. It is a late-maturing bunchgrass that can be used for grazing but is mainly harvested as hay, particularly for horses. For hay production, timothy can be sown with alfalfa or red clover, while white clover or birdsfoot trefoil make good mixtures with timothy for grazing. Management is similar to that for other cool-season grasses. Harvesting at the mid- to late-boot stage is needed to assure good yields and high forage quality. Quality of …

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1994 Kentucky Bluegrass Variety Test Report, L. M. Lauriault, A. J. Powell, Jimmy C. Henning, Paul B. Burrus Ii, Paul C. Vincelli, Timothy D. Phillips Jan 1994

1994 Kentucky Bluegrass Variety Test Report, L. M. Lauriault, A. J. Powell, Jimmy C. Henning, Paul B. Burrus Ii, Paul C. Vincelli, Timothy D. Phillips

Agronomy Notes

Kentucky bluegrass (Poapratensis) is the third most prominent cool-season grass used in Kentucky for forage, behind tall fescue and orchardgrass. As with all cool-season grasses, Kentucky bluegrass does best in cooler weather, becoming relatively non-productive in hot, dry conditions. It is a high quality, long-lived, rhizomatous grass that is used for both turf and forage. Compared to other cool-season grasses, Kentucky bluegrass is slower to germinate (2-3 weeks) and generally is lower in seedling vigor and herbage yield. Most recent varieties have been developed for turf use. Several have been used in horse pastures even though they were …

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1993 Kentucky Bluegrass Variety Test Report, L. M. Lauriault, A. J. Powell, Timothy D. Phillips, Jimmy C. Henning Jan 1994

1993 Kentucky Bluegrass Variety Test Report, L. M. Lauriault, A. J. Powell, Timothy D. Phillips, Jimmy C. Henning

Agronomy Notes

Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) is the third most prominent cool-season grass used in Kentucky for, forage, behind tall fescue and orchardgrass. As with all cool-season grasses, Kentucky bluegrass does best in cooler weather, becoming dormant in hot, dry conditions. It is a high quality, long-lived, rhizomatous grass that is used for both turf and forage. Compared to other cool-season grasses, Kentucky bluegrass is slower to germinate (2-3 weeks) and generally is lower in seedling vigor and herbage yield. Most recent varieties of Kentucky bluegrass have been developed for turf use; therefore, primary emphasis has been placed on improving …

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1993 Kentucky Timothy Variety Test Report, L. M. Lauriault, Timothy D. Phillips, Jimmy C. Henning Jan 1994

1993 Kentucky Timothy Variety Test Report, L. M. Lauriault, Timothy D. Phillips, Jimmy C. Henning

Agronomy Notes

Timothy (Phleum pratense) is the fourth most widely grown cool-season perennial grass used in Kentucky for forage, ranking behind tall fescue, orchardgrass, and Kentucky bluegrass. It is a late maturing bunchgrass that can be used for grazing but is mainly harvested as hay, particularly for horses. Management is similar to that for other cool season-grasses. Harvesting at the proper stage of maturity (mid- to late-boot) is needed to assure high forage quality; otherwise, quality of timothy declines more rapidly than other cool-season grasses as it overmatures. In Kentucky, timothy behaves like a short-lived perennial with stands lasting for …

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Using Poultry Manure From Layers As A Supplemental Nitrogen Source For Corn, Lloyd W. Murdock, R. Darrell Simpson, Tim Gray Jan 1994

Using Poultry Manure From Layers As A Supplemental Nitrogen Source For Corn, Lloyd W. Murdock, R. Darrell Simpson, Tim Gray

Agronomy Notes

The objectives of this study were to try to find an effective inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate to apply to a corn crop when poultry manure has been used on the field and to see if an N soil test at sidedress time could help predict the amount of N needed.

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Growth, Yield, And Efficiency Of Potassium Fertilizer Use In Burley Tobacco Production, J. L. Sims, William O. Thom, Kenneth L. Wells, J. D. Clark Jan 1994

Growth, Yield, And Efficiency Of Potassium Fertilizer Use In Burley Tobacco Production, J. L. Sims, William O. Thom, Kenneth L. Wells, J. D. Clark

Agronomy Notes

For many crops, band placement of fertilizer offers agronomic, economic, and environmental advantages over commonly used preplant broadcast applications. Drill banding most of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer 12 inches to both sides of the row for tobacco shortly after transplanting greatly aIleviates manganese toxicity and other nutrient imbalances, improves early growth and yield, and offers increased efficiency of N use. Nitrogen fertilizers applied after transplanting are less likely to be leached during excess rainfall events that commonly occur in April and early May in Kentucky.

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Effect Of Topping Time On Dark Tobacco Yield, Bill Maksymowicz Oct 1993

Effect Of Topping Time On Dark Tobacco Yield, Bill Maksymowicz

Agronomy Notes

When the terminal bud is removed from tobacco by topping, a number of changes are triggered in the plant: increased root growth, nicotine synthesis, improved drought tolerance, and leaf expansion and increased thickness. These changes are affected by topping time; generally there will be less crop response to topping as topping is delayed. The most important changes, from a producer's perspective, are continued leaf expansion and thickening, with a commensurate improvement in quality and increase in yield. Topping at the proper time of plant development is often difficult on a field scale since uneven crop growth, particularly when tobacco is …

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Sucker Control Performance In Dark Tobacco, Bill Maksymowicz Sep 1993

Sucker Control Performance In Dark Tobacco, Bill Maksymowicz

Agronomy Notes

Poor sucker control adversely affects tobacco yield and quality. Suckers serve as a "sink" for nutrients and dry matter that otherwise would go to the expanding leaves intended for harvest, resulting in lower yields. Hand removal of large suckers can cause leaf damage, and failure to remove suckers may result in spoilage during the curing process, resulting in lowered quality. Use of chemical sucker control measures used in burley production can produce lower yields or W1desirable cured leaf color of dark tobacco. These studies were conducted to compare the effects of recommended sucker control practices for dark tobacco with systems …

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A Survey Of The Content Of Some Heavy Metals In Soil And Corn Grain In The Pond And Lower Green River Bottoms, Kenneth L. Wells, Greg Henson, George Kelley Apr 1993

A Survey Of The Content Of Some Heavy Metals In Soil And Corn Grain In The Pond And Lower Green River Bottoms, Kenneth L. Wells, Greg Henson, George Kelley

Agronomy Notes

Corn is intensively grown along the Green and Pond Rivers in McLean, Hopkins, and Webster Counties, Kentucky, representing a major source of income to producers in those areas. However, producers in McLean County have experienced poorer corn production than expected for many years. This has been observed more on the Pond River bottoms and the Green River bottoms below the confluence of the Pond than upstream on the Green above the Pond. Some producers have speculated that their poor production may be associated with chemical pollution from the Pond River and/or nearby industrial sources. On this basis, an assumption was …

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Reduced Scepter Rates For Broadleaf Weed Control In Soybean, D. S. Jones, H. Lin, M. V. Kane, Larry J. Grabau Mar 1993

Reduced Scepter Rates For Broadleaf Weed Control In Soybean, D. S. Jones, H. Lin, M. V. Kane, Larry J. Grabau

Agronomy Notes

Public agencies are placing greater scrutiny on herbicide applications by farmers. For example, the corn herbicide atrazine is now classified as a restricted use pesticide, with limits placed on allowable rates. While soybean growers may share some of this concern for the environment, rate reduction is more likely to be attractive for economic reasons. Some growers are already cutting back on herbicide rates. For example, Missouri data shows that the average application rates for soybean herbicides were only 75% of the labelled rate. While reduced rates might save growers money, and may be kinder to the environment, there is a …

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Hybrid Variation For Yield, Crude Protein, Feed Value And Percent Lysine Of Corn Grown In The 1991 Kentucky Hybrid Corn Performance Test, C. G. Poneleit, K. O. Evans, Michael Collins, D. O. Liptrap Feb 1993

Hybrid Variation For Yield, Crude Protein, Feed Value And Percent Lysine Of Corn Grown In The 1991 Kentucky Hybrid Corn Performance Test, C. G. Poneleit, K. O. Evans, Michael Collins, D. O. Liptrap

Agronomy Notes

These data are the results from the second year of protein analyses of corn hybrids grown at three locations in the Kentucky Hybrid Corn Performance Test. These analyses were supported. by a grant from the Kentucky Corn Growers Association.

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Trends In Cropland Acreage And Fertilizer Use In Kentucky Since 1980, Kenneth L. Wells Jun 1992

Trends In Cropland Acreage And Fertilizer Use In Kentucky Since 1980, Kenneth L. Wells

Agronomy Notes

Cropland acreage and patterns of fertilizer use varied considerably during the period 1980-1991. Variation in cropland acreage is largely related to commodity prices, available markets, land ownership patterns, and government programs. Patterns of fertilizer use are affected by cropland acreage, the nature of the fertilizer supply industry in Kentucky, weather, and improved efficiency in use of time and labor by farmers. The situation in the early 1990's is different than it was in 1980, and the following discussion highlights changes that have taken place. Fertilizer use data are those reported by the University of Kentucky's Division of Regulatory Services in …

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Growing Soybean Varieties From Multiple Maturity Groups Can Reduce Yearly Yield Volatility, Todd W. Pfeiffer Jun 1992

Growing Soybean Varieties From Multiple Maturity Groups Can Reduce Yearly Yield Volatility, Todd W. Pfeiffer

Agronomy Notes

In the Kentucky Soybean Performance Test program, varieties of maturity groups (MG) 3, 4 and 5 are tested to provide information on their relative yields. The difference in maturity between the earliest and the latest maturing variety in the test in any year is approximately 30 days. In general, although some regional differences appear, the long-term state-wide and within region yield of the different maturity groups (average yield of a 11 varieties in a maturity group) is equal (Table 1). As I've inspected results from the Kentucky Soybean Performance Tests for the last decade, it appeared that some of the …

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An Early-Planted, Early Maturing Soybean Cropping System: Yield And Harvest Losses, Larry J. Grabau, M. V. Kane, H. Lin, Dennis B. Egli Mar 1992

An Early-Planted, Early Maturing Soybean Cropping System: Yield And Harvest Losses, Larry J. Grabau, M. V. Kane, H. Lin, Dennis B. Egli

Agronomy Notes

Most soybean varieties used In Kentucky, whether grown full season or double-cropped behind wheat or barley, are from Maturity Groups (MG) IV or V. Some MG III varieties are also grown; however, virtually no MG 1/ or earner varieties are planted. Agronomists and soybean producers in Kentucky· have generally felt that MG IV and V varieties produce the highest yield. Since the driest months in Kentucky are August, September,and October, MG IV and V varieties frequently encounter moisture stress during the important seed fill stage. The use of earlier maturing varieties was initially proposed as a means of getting a …

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Corn Response To Zinc On High Ph Soils, William O. Thom, James E. Dollarhide, Jeff Henderson, Vern Case Jan 1992

Corn Response To Zinc On High Ph Soils, William O. Thom, James E. Dollarhide, Jeff Henderson, Vern Case

Agronomy Notes

Corn is the most responsive to zinc of all agronomic crops grown in Kentucky. Zinc deficiency can occur most often in soil of the Inner Bluegrass and in south central Kentucky. This deficiency is most likely when these soils have a high pH, although such factors as high phosphorus, low organic matter, and loss of topsoil through erosion or construction can increase deficiency symptoms. Also, zinc deficiency is more prevalent during a cool, wet spring with symptoms often disappearing when the soils become warmer and drier. Zinc is a very immobile element, thus roots must grow throughout the root zone …

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Hybrid Variation For Yield, Crude Protein, And Feed Value Of Corn, Z. Hu, C. G. Poneleit, K. O. Evans, Michael Collins, D. O. Liptrap Jul 1991

Hybrid Variation For Yield, Crude Protein, And Feed Value Of Corn, Z. Hu, C. G. Poneleit, K. O. Evans, Michael Collins, D. O. Liptrap

Agronomy Notes

The value of corn as a feed grain depends on the yield per acre, the protein content of the grain, and for some livestock, the lysine level of the protein. Most farmers are aware of yield differences among hybrid corn varieties but may not realize that protein content can also vary significantly. Grain protein level should be accounted for to determine how much protein supplementation will be needed to balance an appropriate animal diet. However, since corn protein is deficient in the amino acid lysine, which is essential for non-ruminant animals, lysine content as well as crude protein content should …

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Grass Control In Corn With Accent And Beacon, W. W. Witt, Charles H. Slack, James R. Martin, Jonathan D. Green, M. A. Thompson May 1991

Grass Control In Corn With Accent And Beacon, W. W. Witt, Charles H. Slack, James R. Martin, Jonathan D. Green, M. A. Thompson

Agronomy Notes

The traditional method for grass control in corn is based on using herbicides applied to soil and incorporated before planting or to the soil surface after planting. This approach has been successful in controlling crabgrass, fall panicum and foxtails, but johnsongrass and shattercane control was sometimes inadequate.

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Nitrogen Fertilizer Use By A High Yielding No-Till Corn Crop, Kenneth L. Wells, H. B. Rice, William O. Thom Apr 1991

Nitrogen Fertilizer Use By A High Yielding No-Till Corn Crop, Kenneth L. Wells, H. B. Rice, William O. Thom

Agronomy Notes

At the present time there is public concern about the effect which nitrogen (N) fertilizer use by farmers has on groundwater quality. This has resulted in research efforts to describe what happens to nitrogen fertilizer after it is applied to a crop. We have conducted a study for the past 3 years which enables us to make a reasonable estimate of how much fertilizer N is taken up by a high yielding corn crop. And, depending on whether the corn is harvested for silage or grain, we have estimated how much of the fertilizer N is removed from the field. …

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1990 Kentucky Winter Annual Legume Variety Test, L. M. Lauriault, Norman L. Taylor, Jimmy C. Henning, W. T. Edmonson Mar 1991

1990 Kentucky Winter Annual Legume Variety Test, L. M. Lauriault, Norman L. Taylor, Jimmy C. Henning, W. T. Edmonson

Agronomy Notes

Cover crops are often used in Kentucky following the harvest of row crops such as tobacco, corn, and soybeans. Living cover crops can prevent erosion, reduce leaching of nutrients, and supply grazing, green manure, or a plant cover in which to no-till the following spring.

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Curling Burley Tobacco From An Automated Harvesting System, Linus R. Walton, Larry G. Wells, James H. Casada Mar 1991

Curling Burley Tobacco From An Automated Harvesting System, Linus R. Walton, Larry G. Wells, James H. Casada

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

If burley tobacco can be successfully cured at high density under waterproof covers in the field, a producer can expand production without the necessity of building new curing barns and can thereby more easily justify investment in the automated burley tobacco harvesting system (Wells et al., 1990a, b). Curing under waterproof covers in the field and curing on frames in the barn were evaluated over three curing seasons using two varieties (KY 14 and TN 86), two plant densities (32 and 43 plants/m2, 3 and 4 plants/ft2), position of tobacco on the frame (four levels ranging …

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1990 Kentucky Red Clover Variety Test, L. M. Lauriault, Norman L. Taylor, Jimmy C. Henning, W. T. Edmonson Feb 1991

1990 Kentucky Red Clover Variety Test, L. M. Lauriault, Norman L. Taylor, Jimmy C. Henning, W. T. Edmonson

Agronomy Notes

Red clover is a high quality, shortlived perennial legume that is used in mixed or pure stands for pasture, hay, silage, green chop, and soil improvement. This species is adapted to a wide range of climatic and soil conditions and therefore is very versatile as a forage crop. Stands are generally productive for two or three years with the highest yields occurring in the year following establishment. Red clover is used primarily as a renovation legume for grass pastures. It is the dominant legume in Kentucky because it is high in seedling vigor, quality, yield, and animal acceptance.

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Elliptical Combing Motion For Harvesting Bell Peppers, J. H. Wilhoit, George A. Duncan, Larry G. Wells Nov 1990

Elliptical Combing Motion For Harvesting Bell Peppers, J. H. Wilhoit, George A. Duncan, Larry G. Wells

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A new concept for mechanically harvesting bell peppers, intended specifically for multiple-pass harvesting, utilized spaced horizontal fingers combing vertically upward through plant foliage in an elliptical path alternating from both sides of the row. An apparatus based on this concept was designed and built, and harvest tests were conducted to determine the effect of two main machine operating parameters, vertical picking speed and disk angle. Harvesting performance was evaluated in terms of harvest efficiency, fruit damage, and plant damage as it related to multiple-pass harvesting. Fruit removal, both harvestable size and immature, increased significantly as vertical picking speed increased. Branch …

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Triazine Resistant Pigweeds In Kentucky Corn Fields, Jonathan D. Green, Michael Barett, Mike Radford Aug 1990

Triazine Resistant Pigweeds In Kentucky Corn Fields, Jonathan D. Green, Michael Barett, Mike Radford

Agronomy Notes

Smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) control from atrazine and/or simazine (Princep) has been unsatisfactory in some Kentucky corn fields. Many of these fields have grown corn where one or both of these herbicides have been used continuously for several years. These two triazine herbicides, particularly atrazine, are used annually on over 90% of the corn grown in Kentucky. Other areas in the U.S. and around the world have reported. unsatisfactory control from atrazine where triazine resistant pigweed has developed.

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Automated Harvesting Of Burley Tobacco Ii. Evaluation Of System Performance, Larry G. Wells, George B. Day V, Timothy D. Smith Jul 1990

Automated Harvesting Of Burley Tobacco Ii. Evaluation Of System Performance, Larry G. Wells, George B. Day V, Timothy D. Smith

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A prototype system for fully automated harvesting of burley tobacco has been developed and tested. Three years of field testing has shown that mechanical losses associated with the system were only slightly higher than via conventional methods. The system performed reliably at a sustained harvesting rate of approximately 1.4 ha/day (3.4 acre/day), while indicating that a rate of 2 ha/day (5 acre/day) should be easily achievable. The system is operated by two workers and reduces conventional labor requirement by approximately 80-85%.

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Automated Harvesting Of Burley Tobacco I. System Development, Larry G. Wells, George B. Day V, Timothy D. Smith Jul 1990

Automated Harvesting Of Burley Tobacco I. System Development, Larry G. Wells, George B. Day V, Timothy D. Smith

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A fully automated system for harvesting and handling mature buriey tobacco has been developed. This article identifies the operations essential to this harvesting concept and describes the development of the mechanisms by which they were accomplished. The system detaches, inverts and places mature plants into portable holders for air curing under waterproof covering without requiring any manual handling of the crop. Manual labor currently required to harvest buriey tobacco would be reduced by 80-85% and the system would eliminate the drudgery associated with manual handling. The harvesting system has an approximate capacity of 1.4 to 2.0 ha/day (3.5 to 5.0 …

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Response Of Soybeans To Available Potassium In Three Kentucky Soils, John H. Grove, William O. Thom, Lloyd W. Murdock, James H. Herbek May 1990

Response Of Soybeans To Available Potassium In Three Kentucky Soils, John H. Grove, William O. Thom, Lloyd W. Murdock, James H. Herbek

Agronomy Notes

Soybeans are produced in nearly all of Kentucky's soil physiographic regions. Soybean response to potassium (K) fertilization and soil test Kvaries with soil type and location. This variation may be associated with the wide range in soil chemical and mineralogical properties among the different regions. Of particular interest are differences in that level of soil test Kat which no further yield response to K fertilizer application would be expected. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the soil K-soybean response relationship on three different field sites where soybean yields were increased by fertilizer K. Several measures of soil …

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Soil Test Potassium As An Indicator Of Tobacco Response To Band Application Of Fertilizer, J. L. Sims, Kenneth L. Wells, E. C. Schwamberger Apr 1990

Soil Test Potassium As An Indicator Of Tobacco Response To Band Application Of Fertilizer, J. L. Sims, Kenneth L. Wells, E. C. Schwamberger

Agronomy Notes

During the past 10 years, several studies have been conducted at Lexington on the University of Kentucky Experiment Farm to compare the effect of banding fertilizer 10 to 12 inches to each side of the row with preplant broadcast applications on growth and yield of burley tobacco. Generally, banding most of the nitrogen and potassium has led to fewer problems with salt and manganese toxicity and to improved growth during the early season. However, as compared to broadcast application, banding has had varying effects on cured leaf yields. In 'some experiments banding resulted in higher yields, in other experiments in …

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