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University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

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Articles 1021 - 1050 of 1055

Full-Text Articles in Agronomy and Crop Sciences

Herbicide Trials On Field Crops 1991, Robert Frans, Marilyn Mcclelland, David Jordan Mar 1992

Herbicide Trials On Field Crops 1991, Robert Frans, Marilyn Mcclelland, David Jordan

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Herbicidal weed control is economically important for production of field crops. Field experiments are conducted annually in Arkansas to evaluate the activity of developmental ancommercial herbicides for selective control of weeds in several important crops. These experiments serve both industry and Arkansas agriculture by providing information on the selectivity of herbicides still in the developmental stage and by comparing the activity of these new herbicides with that of recommended herbicides.

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Forage Variety Performance Test 1990-1991, Herbert Honeycutt Feb 1992

Forage Variety Performance Test 1990-1991, Herbert Honeycutt

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

This report summarizes the results of forage variety tests that were conducted at the Main Agricultural Experiment Station at Fayetteville, Arkansas; the Strawberry Substation near Bald Knob, Arkansas; and the Livestock and Forestry Branch Station near Batesville, Arkansas.

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Arkansas Cotton Variety And Strain Tests 1991, F. M. Bourland, J. S. Dacus Feb 1992

Arkansas Cotton Variety And Strain Tests 1991, F. M. Bourland, J. S. Dacus

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Varieties and advanced strains of cotton were evaluated in 1991 by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Varieties and some advanced breeding lines were evaluated in the 1991 Arkansas Cotton Variety Test. Entries in the 1991 Commercial Cotton Strain Test included both released varieties that have not been evaluated in Arkansas and advanced breeding lines that may soon be available to producers.

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The 1991 Field Evaluation Of Herbicides On Small Fruit, Vegetables And Ornamental Crops, R. E. Talbert, R. A. Wichert, V. F. Carey Iii, D. H. Johnson, D. F. Ruff, J. A. Kendig Jan 1992

The 1991 Field Evaluation Of Herbicides On Small Fruit, Vegetables And Ornamental Crops, R. E. Talbert, R. A. Wichert, V. F. Carey Iii, D. H. Johnson, D. F. Ruff, J. A. Kendig

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The establishment of this field-testing procedure provides the chemical industry, through its partial support, and the Arkansas Experiment Station the opportunity to evaluate herbicide performance on small fruit, vegetable and ornamental crops grown under Arkansas conditions. This report also provides a means for disseminating information to interested people and public-service weed scientists.

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Reproduction Of Lindera Melissafolia In Arkansas, Robert D. Wright Jan 1989

Reproduction Of Lindera Melissafolia In Arkansas, Robert D. Wright

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Field reproduction was investigated in several populations of the endangered dioecious species Lindera melissifolia. Fruit set was light and erratic, and even where fruiting was heavy no effective seed bank was found. Field transplantation of greenhouse-grown seedlings was successful for one growing season. Rhizome sprouting was widespread, and produced rapid recovery from fire. Without enhancement of natural reproduction, the species will probably decline.

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Allelopathic Observations In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) To Ducksalad (Heteranthera Limosa), R. H. Dilday, Paolo Nastasi, Roy J. Smith Jr. Jan 1989

Allelopathic Observations In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) To Ducksalad (Heteranthera Limosa), R. H. Dilday, Paolo Nastasi, Roy J. Smith Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

More than 50 weed species infest drill-seeded rice in the U.S. and one of the most prevalent aquatic weeks is ducksalad (Heteranthera limosa). During the summer of 1988, a field experiment was conducted to identify rice accessions from the USDA/ARS rice germplasm collection for allelopathic effects to ducksalad. In this field experiment, 5,000 accessions were evaluated for allelopathic activity. Five to seven seeds of each rice accession were planted in hills about 75cm apart in two replications. Allelopathic activity was recorded as 1) radius of the area affected by allelochemical from the base of the rice plant and 2) percentage …

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In Vitro Culture Of Several Rice Cultivars, A. F. Mirlohi, Lyell F. Thompson, R. H. Dilday, Feng H. Huang, Jameel M. Al-Khayri Jan 1989

In Vitro Culture Of Several Rice Cultivars, A. F. Mirlohi, Lyell F. Thompson, R. H. Dilday, Feng H. Huang, Jameel M. Al-Khayri

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Tissue culture methods have been established to regenerate certain rice (Oryza sativa L) cultivars, but regeneration of the rice cultivars widely grown in Arkansas has not been reported. This study has established an in vitroculture for the rice cultivars 'Nortai', 'Starbonnet', 'Mars', Tebonnet', 'Newbonnet', and 'Lemont'. Callus was induced in the dark at either 20 or 28 C from dehusked seeds cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) containing 40 g L^-1 sucrose, 10 g L^1 agar, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg L^-1 1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and adjusted to pH 5.7. After four weeks the …

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Genetic And Plant Growth Regulator Manipulation Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Mesocotyl And Coleoptile Lengths, R. S. Helms, R. H. Dilday, M. A. Mgonja, S. Amonsilpa Jan 1989

Genetic And Plant Growth Regulator Manipulation Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Mesocotyl And Coleoptile Lengths, R. S. Helms, R. H. Dilday, M. A. Mgonja, S. Amonsilpa

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Significant differences in mesocotyl lengths of semidwarf and non-semidwarf rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars were observed. However, the relationship between plant height and mesocotyl length was found to be due to linkage rather than pleiotropism. Seed treatments of gibberellic acid (GA₃) significantly increased mesocotyl and coleoptile lengths in the laboratory study. The GA₃ seed treatments significantly increased stand density compared to the untreated control in the field study. However, no significant differences were observed for plant height at maturity or grain yields among the GA₃ treatments or the untreated control.

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Characterization Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Roots Versus Root Pulling Resistance As Selection Indices For Draught Tolerance, Mazo Price, R. H. Dilday, Arthur L. Allen Jan 1989

Characterization Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Roots Versus Root Pulling Resistance As Selection Indices For Draught Tolerance, Mazo Price, R. H. Dilday, Arthur L. Allen

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A technique described as Root Pulling Resistance (RPR) was used to evaluate genotypic differences in root growth and development of 50 rice germplasm accessions and cultivars. Several root characteristics in rice are associated with drought tolerance and avoidance capability of plants. The RPR measurements showed a significant positive correlation with maximum root length (r=0.69), root thickness (r=0.75), branching number (r=0.75), and root dry weight (r= 0.82). Rice genotypes that had a high RPR value were identified as having longer, thicker, and denser root systems. The data indicated that high RPR measurements are strongly correlated with greater root penetration. Munji Sufaid …

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Association Of Mesocotyl And Coleptile Elongation With Seeding Vigor In Rice, M. A. Mgonja, R. H. Dilday, S. L. Skinner, F. C. Collins Jan 1988

Association Of Mesocotyl And Coleptile Elongation With Seeding Vigor In Rice, M. A. Mgonja, R. H. Dilday, S. L. Skinner, F. C. Collins

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the relationship of mesocotyl and coleoptile elongation to seedling vigor and plant height in rice (Oryza sativa). A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential lengths of the mesocotyl and coleoptile of semidwarf and standard rice genotypes. Four genotypes exhibited inherent differences in their ability for mesocotyl and coleoptile elongation. The semidwarf genotypes ('M-101 ' and RU 7703008) showed reduced mesocotyls, coleoptiles, and total lengths (mesocotyl + coleoptile); whereas, the tall plant type ('L-201' and 'Labelle') had comparatively longer mesocotyls, coleoptiles, and total lengths. Itis assumed that mesocotyl elongation is the most important …

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Seedling Response In A Greenhouse To Four Rates Of Old And New Paper Mill Sludge, Jimmie L. Yeiser Jan 1988

Seedling Response In A Greenhouse To Four Rates Of Old And New Paper Mill Sludge, Jimmie L. Yeiser

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Four rates (0, 36, 75, and 11 2 DT/A)of both old and new pulp-mill sludges were tested in a greenhouse for impact on survival and growth of seedlings of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L). After one growing season no meaningful differences were detected for seedling survival and growth, number off lushes, and decomposition rate for old and new sludges regardless of rate. Seedling foliage showed increases in Mg and Ca and sludges exhibited high pH and increased salinity.

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Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilizer On Milling Quality Of Rice (Oryza Sativa), R. H. Dilday Jan 1988

Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilizer On Milling Quality Of Rice (Oryza Sativa), R. H. Dilday

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on milling quality or milling yield of rice (Oryza sativa) was tested for two cultivars, 'Lemont' and 'Newbonnet'. This was an increase in the percentage of broken kernels and a decrease in head rice yield when no nitrogen fertilizer was applied as compared to applying all of the nitrogen at preflood or in split applications. The greater affect was on Lemont, a cultivar that requires a high amount of nitrogen fertilizer for maximum grain yields. Data showed that the percentage of head rice can be reduced by as much as 7 to 22 percent in …

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Influence Of Thresher Cylinder Speed And Grain Moisture At Harvest On Milling Yield Of Rice, R. H. Dilday Jan 1987

Influence Of Thresher Cylinder Speed And Grain Moisture At Harvest On Milling Yield Of Rice, R. H. Dilday

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The percentage of broken rice (Oryza sativa) kernels was determined after threshing the grain at varying cylinder speeds of the thresher and moisture contents of the grain at harvest. Moisture contents of the individual grain samples ranged from 12 to 26% and the two cylinder speeds were 600 and 1000 RPM. Significant differences between germplasm, cylinder speed and moisture content of the grain at harvest on milling yield was observed. For example, Newbonnet had the fewest broken kernels while Leah had the greatest amount of broken kernels. Lemont produced the highest total milling yield; whereas, L202 produced the lowest total …

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Changes In Forest Soils Following Clearcutting Of Pine Forests In The Ouachita Mountains Of Arkansas, Harlan R. Stoin, Bajuri Bin Kadmin, Lyell F. Thompson Jan 1985

Changes In Forest Soils Following Clearcutting Of Pine Forests In The Ouachita Mountains Of Arkansas, Harlan R. Stoin, Bajuri Bin Kadmin, Lyell F. Thompson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Soil characteristics of the mineral surface soil (0-6 cm) on three small watersheds in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas from which the pine forests have been clearcut, crushed, and burned for site preparation were studied for the first two years following clearcutting and compared to soils from adjacent uncut pine forest watersheds. Following clearcutting and burning, soil pH was generally higher than in uncut forest soils. The greatest pH differences occurred within several months of burning and generally decreased through the end of the second year. Soil organic matter content was lower immediately following clearcutting and burning and increased to …

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Pesticide Use In The 1983 Soybean Crop: Report Of A Survey Of Arkansas Producers, Joseph D. Waldrum Jan 1985

Pesticide Use In The 1983 Soybean Crop: Report Of A Survey Of Arkansas Producers, Joseph D. Waldrum

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Fly Ash As A Fertilizer And Lime Source In Arkansas, Stanley L. Chapman Jan 1984

Fly Ash As A Fertilizer And Lime Source In Arkansas, Stanley L. Chapman

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Percent calcium carbonate equivalent (neutralizing value) of five fly ash samples ranged from 34 to 41. Field soils at three sites were treated with fly ash at rates that ranged from 1 to 6 tons per acre. Fly ash applications had opposite effects on extractable P, B, Fe, and Cu at Sites 1 and 2. A three-fold increase in total B occurred in wheat plants taken from one field treated with fly ash. At Site 3 test results of soil samples collected three, six, nine and twelve months after treatment showed that 2 tons of agricultural limestone was equivalent to …

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Water Chemistry Of Farm Ponds In Arkansas, Stanley L. Chapman, D. Leroy Gray, Dennis W. King Jan 1982

Water Chemistry Of Farm Ponds In Arkansas, Stanley L. Chapman, D. Leroy Gray, Dennis W. King

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Limestone On Spring Weed Populations In A Fertilized Coastal Bermudagrass Sod, H. C. Fulcher, Lyell F. Thompson Jan 1978

Effect Of Limestone On Spring Weed Populations In A Fertilized Coastal Bermudagrass Sod, H. C. Fulcher, Lyell F. Thompson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Renovation Of Nitrogenous Wastewater Via Land Application, John T. Gilmour, A. C. Peer, D. C. Regan Jan 1978

Renovation Of Nitrogenous Wastewater Via Land Application, John T. Gilmour, A. C. Peer, D. C. Regan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Removal of inorganic and organic nitrogen from wastewater prior to recharge of ground and surface waters can be accomplished by judicious land application. This study focused attention upon the feasibility of using sprinkler irrigation as the wastewater delivery system with coastal bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.,var. coastal) pasture as the wastewater sink. One site was located on a Sawyer soil near El Dorado, while the other was located on a Savannah soil near Malvern. This report is limited to the renovation of surface waters. Results revealed that nitrogen concentration in runoff water from rainfall was substantially less than nitrogen concentration of …

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Aeration, Phosphorous, And Lime Affect Nitrogen Mineralization In Imperfectly Drained Forest Soils, M. S. Bhangoo, D. J. Albritton, Eugene Shoulders Jan 1976

Aeration, Phosphorous, And Lime Affect Nitrogen Mineralization In Imperfectly Drained Forest Soils, M. S. Bhangoo, D. J. Albritton, Eugene Shoulders

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Unamended, limed, and phosphorus-enriched Caddo, Beauregard, and Wrightsville silt loams (A1 horizon) were incubated for six months at room temperature under two moisture regimes. At field capacity, unamended soils lost 0.7% of organic matter and converted 166 ppm of organic nitrogen to inorganic forms. Ninety-five percent of the converted nitrogen was present as N₄-H or NO₃-N. Limed and phosphorus-treated soils at field capacity lost about 1.0% of organic matter and accumulated 191 to 201 ppm of inorganic nitrogen. Submerged soils lost very little organic matter and accumulated only 24 to 28 ppm of inorganic nitrogen. There was a loss of …

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Effect Of Soil Buffer Capacity On Soil Reaction (Ph) Modification And Subsequent Effects On Growth And Nutrient Uptake Of Plantanus Occidentalis L. Seedlings, P. E. Pope, R. B. Vasey Jan 1976

Effect Of Soil Buffer Capacity On Soil Reaction (Ph) Modification And Subsequent Effects On Growth And Nutrient Uptake Of Plantanus Occidentalis L. Seedlings, P. E. Pope, R. B. Vasey

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The buffer capacity of a soil is a significant factor in determining the longevity of soil reaction (pH) adjustments by aluminum sulfate, Al2(SO4)3, or calcium carbonate, CaCO₂. After 12 weeks the modified pH values of the highly buffered Emory silt loam had changed substantially toward the original pH value of 7.6. Modified pH values for the Groseclose silt loam soil remained essentially unchanged under the same conditions. These differences in soil response to modified soil pH are related to the differences in the percentage of vermiculite chlorite and chlorite in the clay fractions of the two soils. The longevity of …

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Soil Salinity Measurement By The Four-Electrode Probe Technique, K. Sriotai, John T. Gilmour Jan 1976

Soil Salinity Measurement By The Four-Electrode Probe Technique, K. Sriotai, John T. Gilmour

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The four-electrode probe method was tested on a Crowley silt loam soil in which salt type, salt content, and water content were varied. Theory associated with this technique of assessing soil salinity was verified. Equations were developed which quantified the relationships between soil electrical conductivity obtained by the four-electrode probe technique (EC), saturation extract (EC1), and 1:2 soil to water extract (EC2).

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Residual Effects Of N-K Fertilization Of Coastal Bermudagrass On Spring Populations Of Weed Species, R. A. Allured, E. C. Gordon, R. E. Frans, Lyell F. Thompson Jan 1974

Residual Effects Of N-K Fertilization Of Coastal Bermudagrass On Spring Populations Of Weed Species, R. A. Allured, E. C. Gordon, R. E. Frans, Lyell F. Thompson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A "Coastal bermudagrass" (Cynodon dactylon L.) sod was treated during a five-year period with rates of N and K fertilizers ranging from none to high levels of both elements. In the spring of the sixth year differences in weed species and population densities among the treated plots were observed. Spring weed counts showed that high rates of N fertilizer reduced the number of weed species and the total broadleaf weed population density by 37 and 81%, respectively. The higher rates of K fertilizer also reduced the population density of common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber) and yellow toadflax (Linaria vulgaris Hill),the …

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Effects Of Intensive N-K Fertilization On Exchangeable Ca And K In A Soil Profile, R. A. Allured, Lyell F. Thompson Jan 1973

Effects Of Intensive N-K Fertilization On Exchangeable Ca And K In A Soil Profile, R. A. Allured, Lyell F. Thompson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Over a 4-yr period fertilizers having three N and five K levels in a factorial arrangement were applied in a replicated, randomized complete block design to coastal bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) growing on a Pembroke silt loam just north of Fayetteville. In the spring of the fifth year (1972) soil samples were taken from a 3.67-m profile of each plot. Nine depth samples from the profile of each plot were analyzed for exchangeable K and Ca. Potassium fertilizer, especially at the higher rates, and where no N was applied, greatly increased exchangeable K levels only in the top 45 cm …

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Observation On Natural Outcropping In The Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum L.) In Northwest Arkansas, Alvin F. Reeves Jan 1973

Observation On Natural Outcropping In The Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum L.) In Northwest Arkansas, Alvin F. Reeves

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A single tomato plant homozygous for the recessive anthocyaninless mutant, ae, was grown in the middle of an experimental tomato plot at the University of Arkansas Agronomy Experimental Station Farm in Fayetteville. Progeny tests of seeds harvested from this plant indicated that only 0.7% of the seeds were the result of outcrossing to other plants

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Extractable Nutrients And Ph Values From Nine Soil Associations Of Arkansas, A. W. Tennille Jan 1973

Extractable Nutrients And Ph Values From Nine Soil Associations Of Arkansas, A. W. Tennille

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Soil samples from the 0-10-cm and 10-20-cm depths were obtained from nine of the 11 soli associations of Arkansas. Sites sampled had a heavy forest cover and showed no evidence of cultivation. Routine soil tests showed that pH values ranged from a low of 4.38 for the Loessial Hills to 5.83 in the Ozark Highlands. Potassium ranged from 69 to 206 kg/ha. Phosphorus was very low in nearly all sites; the extremes were 9 and 83 kg/ha, but most values were less than 30 kg/ha. Calcium ranged from 122 to 1,523 kg/ha. The data indicate that when woodland areas are …

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Agronomic Evaluations Of An Arkansas Rock Phosphate, Lyell Thompson Jan 1966

Agronomic Evaluations Of An Arkansas Rock Phosphate, Lyell Thompson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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North American Land And Timber Company Limited - Some Notes On Its Beginnings, Wayne Delavan Jan 1963

North American Land And Timber Company Limited - Some Notes On Its Beginnings, Wayne Delavan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Water-Stable Soil Aggregates Stabilized By Polyelectrolytes, C. L. Garey Jan 1955

Water-Stable Soil Aggregates Stabilized By Polyelectrolytes, C. L. Garey

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Cowpea And Bean Weevils, W. D. Wylie Jan 1955

Cowpea And Bean Weevils, W. D. Wylie

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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