Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons^™

Lupin Logic Number 30

Lupin Logic

Contents

Early planting survey

Seed manganese and emergence

Lupin video

Soil testing

New manganese fertiliser

Aphids susceptibility of lupin varieties

Production Of High-Value Wheats : One Sustainable Answer To The Cost:Price Squeeze, Wal Anderson, Alan Peggs, Doug Sawkins

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Farmers and scientists alike over the past decade have sought to address the declining terms of farm trade (the cost.price squeeze) by increasing wheat yields in ways that will ensure both their economic and ecological survival. Nevertheless, costs have continued to increase as a proportion of the value of the product.

Many farmers have increased their wheat yields substantially and the industry as a whole is more conscious of the quality of its product.

Over the past 10 years or more there has been intense interest in, and considerable adoption of. conservation farming techniques such as minimum tillage, residue retention, …

Bulletin 4247 - Introduction To Commercial Mushroom Growing, Margaret Graham

Bulletins 4000 -

Mushroom cultivation began in Australia in the 1930s in the then incomplete and unused Circular Quay railway tunnel in Sydney. In the 1950s most mushrooms were grown in heaped or 'ridge-beds' of compost in disused railway tunnels.

In the last 15 to 20 years there has been considerable technical change in the method and degree of sophistication of mushroom cultivation techniques. Most growers have invested large sums of capital in specially designed and insulated buildings that control temperature, humidity and ventilation and where pest and disease prevention and control is less difficult.

The bag method also helps to alleviate pest …

Controlling Wind Erosion In Field Pea Stubbles, Jeff Russell

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The area sown to field peas in Western Australia's eastern wheatbelt has increased from 4000 ha in 1985 to about 35, 000 ha in 1992.

While field peas can be grown on soil types not suited to lupins, their stubble is highly fragile and prone to wind erosion, even at low grazing pressure. This is one reason why some farmers are hesitant to grow field peas.

Haroest losses of field peas can also be high; levels of JOO to 200 kg/ha of seed on the ground are not uncommon. For this reason farmers believe the stubbles should be grazed.

Farmers …

Bulletin 4256 - Pecan Nut Cultivation, Aldo Labrosciano

Bulletins 4000 -

Pecans Carya illinoensis, an indigenous species to Northern America, are successfully grown between the latitudes of 25° and 35°. There is considerable variation in size and flavour of the 1000 or more varieties of the nuts.

Large scale production is concentrated in north America, Israel and South Africa. Plantings in Australia are in Victoria and New South Wales, and are developing slowly in Western Australia.

Pecans are well suited to Western Australian conditions where the soil is well drained. Though the trees are deciduous, they have no chill requirement and will flourish if water is not limiting.

Bulletin No 4247 - Introduction To Commercial Mushroom Growing, Margaret Graham

Bulletins 4000 -

No abstract provided.

Lupin Logic Number 29

Lupin Logic

Contents

The successful 1993 lupin crop

Stubble preparation

Summer weeds

Green radish kills lupin seed

Seedless pods

Is it a sample?

Green seed problem

Comparison Of The Phosphate Requirements Of Burr Medic And Yellow Serradella With Subterranean Clover In The Low Rainfall Wheatbelt Of Western Australia, Blakely Paynter

Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles

Burr medic (Medicago polymorpha) and yellow serradella (Ornithopus compressus) were compared with subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) in their response to freshly topdressed phosphate in the low rainfall wheatbelt of Western Australia. Species were compared on the amount of applied phosphorus (P) required for 90% maximum yield and the ratio of their curvature coefficients from the Mitscherlich relationship between P applied and absolute yield. On marginally acidic, medium-textured soils, burr medic had a higher external shoot requirement for applied P than subterranean clover. Relative differences between the species were affected by season, initial concentration of bicarbonate-extractable P in the soil (0-10 …

Lupin Logic Number 27

Lupin Logic

Contents

Lupin market outlook update

Estimating lupin yields

Native budworm thwarted by wind!

Walden visits China

Eggs and larva

Lupins encourage earthworms

Seed testing

Reminders

1991/92 Pool payments

Lupin pool delivery - 191/92 verus 1992/93 estimates

Visions For Agriculture, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Agriculture reports

This workshop grew out of a conversation between Maurice Barnes, a Trayning farmer and member of the Research Advisory Committee of the Dryland Research Institute, and Steve Porritt, the officer in charge of the Dryland Research Institute at Merredin. Maurice was interested in the idea of posing the question 'What would agriculture be like if we had known as much about this landscape in 1829 as we know now?', to a group of farmers and others interested in the central wheatbelt and its future. Maurice saw this question as a first step toward achieving some shared vision for the future …

Lupin Logic Number 26

Lupin Logic

Contents

Swathing to pick up an extra $24 m?

- What is swathing

- Advantages of swathing

Farmers experience with swathing

- Ross Whiitall, Esperance

- Mark Adams, Woogenellup

- Summary

- Further reading

Increased effort into albus breeding

Lupins and soil acidity- Cause for concern?

Reminders

Lupin Logic Number 24

Lupin Logic

Contents

Lupin pioneet honoured

Simazine only!

- What can we do?

Mintweed poisons crops

Japanese market

Root maggot fly

- Description and life cycle

- Farmer/advisers observations

- Control

Pool payments 1991/92

Lupin Logic Number 23

Lupin Logic

Contents

Stubble handling

- Results to date

- Straw spreading

- Second cutter bars

- Other research

Trees increase lupin yields

Mint weed, Rutherglen bud and soil moisture

Out look remains firm for lupins

Warning

Bulletin No 4237 - Growing Nashi In Western Australia, Allan Price

Bulletins 4000 -

Nashi is the Japanese word for Pear. It is used in this context to describe pears of Asian origins, developed from Pyrus pyrtfolia as distinct from European pears (Pyrus communis).

Nashi have originated from two major areas, Japan and Korea/China.

Lupin Logic Number 21

Lupin Logic

Contents

Keys to lupin yield stability

- Stubble retention

- When to plant

- Rules for dry seeding

Rain and yield

Avoiding B.YM.V.

Reminders

Granulated simazine

Reasons for 45 plants per sq m

Lupin Logic Number 22

Lupin Logic

Contents

Lupins planted before April 16

European white lupin

Potassium and lupins

- Symptoms

- Occurence

- Soil testing

- Plant analysis

- Correction of deficiency

- When and how to apply

- Residual value

Reminders

Seed testing results

- Germination tests

- Seed size

- Better decisions

No-Tillage Seeders And Their Adoption In North America With Relevance To Western Australia, J K. Bligh

Resource management technical reports

The adoption of no-tillage seeders appears generally to be at a similar stage in North America as in Western Australia. One notable difference is the communication provided by several no-tillage farmers organisations, such as the Manitoba-North Dakota Zero Tillage Farmers Association. Since almost all development of no-tillage systems has been carried out by farmers, such associations have proven invaluable in directly providing communication with their peers.

Bulletin 4241 - Chemical Control Of Insect Pests In Field Crops And Pastures, T. P. Quinn, G. P. Mangano, P. J. Michael

Bulletins 4000 -

Chemicals currently registered in Western Australia for use against pests of field crops and pasture are given in the table below. Trade names are listed alongside each chemical formulation.

Department of Agriculture Bulletin 4185 "Insect and allied pests of extensive fanning" will help you identify the pest(s) through coloured photographs, descriptions and keys. Information on the type of damage, life cycle and control is also provided. Further information is available in Farmnotes on specific pests and on pests of a particular crop.

The Poison Schedule for each product is indicated in the table. Extremely toxic chemicals are labelled as "dangerous …

Lupin Logic Number 20

Lupin Logic

Contents

Countdown to seeding

- Seed

- Weeds

- Lupin inoculant

- Soil testing

- Herbicides

- Stubble preparation

Herbicide resistant ryegrass

Vaccine against lupinosis shows promise

Lupin books

Row spacing in lupins

Pool payments 1991/92

Three tonne lupin crops are possible at Mingenew

Quest For Quality Operation Quality Wheat, Sue Bestow

Agriculture reports

Variations in the protein content of wheat are largely associated with growing conditions, particularly rainfall and soil type, which influence nitrogen supply and crop yield. Management to improve protein generally also improves yield, so in future both must be considered when comparing profitabilities of management options, particularly if payment for protein increases.

Lupin Logic Number 19

Lupin Logic

Contents

Outlook for lupins exports

- Europe

- Asia

- The Middle East

- Other market barriers

CMV misunderstandings

Seed testing

Forthcoming meetings

Lupin deliveries tonnes

Lupin pool payments per tonne

Lupin Logic Number 18

Lupin Logic

Contents

Is seed testing worthwhile in 1992?

Progress to date

Unmarked samples

Are you a lupin grower with water-repellent sand?

Blowing in the wind

Quantifying Loss Of Yield Potential Due To Leaf Disease., B A. Peters, R Loughman

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

To determine the impact of Septoria and barley yellow dwarf virus on wheat grown under the package approach on the south coast using different levels of fungicide and insecticide control on a susceptible variety of an appropriate maturity for early sowing.

Examine if there is any benefit for disease control of S. tritici from Baytan seed dressing. 92AL16.

Time of sowing and variety effects on the Septoria diseases of wheat. 92AL17.

Time of sowing effect on barley foliar diseases. 92AL19.

Evaluating variety mixtures to reduce Septoria using a range of lines. 92AL24.

Fungicides for control of Septoria nodorum of wheat. …

Bulletin No 4216 - Broadscale Boom Spraying, Roger Doyle, Gary Dorr, Des Gilbey, John Peirce

Bulletins 4000 -

For spraying to be effective it must do the job required at a minimum cost, with no unwanted side effects. It is impo1tant to use the right chemical at the right rate, at the right tin1e and in the best conditions.

It is just as important that both the sprayer and the way it is used allows you to meet this objective. This Bulletin will help you select the right boom sprayer, maintain it for efficient operation and use it efficiently and safely.

Results Of Stubble Research In Western Australia, Michael Perry, Ron Jarvis, Mel Mason, David Tennant

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Few farmers would question the desirability of retaining stubbles, both for control of erosion by wind and water, and to return organic matter to the soil. While the present debate is focused on the short term management of stubbles, longer term effects also need to be considered.

The Department of Agriculture has several long-running trials intended to measure long term effects.

Stubble : Friend And Foe, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Several articles in this issue of the Journal of Agriculture discuss some of the important issues of stubble management. The articles are condensed from some of the papers presented at a stubble workshop at Geraldton in 1991.

Managing Brome Grass In The Wheat:Lupin Rotation, Aik Hock Cheam, Gurget Gil, Christine Zaicou

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Some farmers and scientists are questioning the sustainability of the cereal:lupin rotation in the Western Australian wheatbelt.

Being a 'tight' rotation, its continuation is constantly under threat by disease, especially lupin root rots caused by Pleiochaeta (the brown spot organism) and Rhizoctonia fungi. To control disease, some farmers have lengthened the rotation to three years, such as wheat:wheat:lupins or wheat:barley:lupins. The longer cereal phase also helps to stabilise soil against wind erosion. However, such rotations can lead to a rapid buildup of brome grass during the two consecutive years of cereals. The implications of these rotations on the severity of …

How Much Stubble ?, Michael Perry

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Grain yield makes up 30 to 50 per cent of the total weight of all above ground plant matter and this proportion is called the Harvest Index.

Opportunity Knocks : Sowing Wheat Early In The North-Eastern Wheatbelt, Nicole Kerr, Doug Abrecht

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Farmers consider many factors in deciding whether to start sowing wheat, but the most important are the amount of rain and time of year. In this study we assessed the chances of farmers in the north-eastern wheatbelt (less than 325 mm rainfall) receiving enough rain to sow wheat early. In low rainfall areas such as this, where an early finish to the season is likely, it is especially important that farmers take advantage of all early sowing opportunities. The potential benefits of sowing wheat early generally outweigh the associated risks, particularly in lower rainfall areas. However, early sowing depends on …

Stubble Handling Machinery, Greg Haydon

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Farming in Western Australia, and in Australia, has undergone a revolution over the past 15 to 20 years. Two significant changes have been the cessation of ploughing to kill weeds, that is, the change from discs to tines, and the reduction in tillage through the use of agricultural chemicals. These have been important changes that have had conservation benefits. However, to handle stubble to best effect, further changes in machinery, newer machinery and combinations of machines will be needed. In this article, the author discusses current and possible future practces.