Agricultural Science Commons^™

Bulletin No. 234 - The Beet Leafhopper In Northern Utah, George F. Knowlton

UAES Bulletins

The first Utah sugar factory was erected at Lehi in 1891. Since that time many other factories have been built, and the growing of sugar-beets has become an important part of the agricultural program in many irrigated sections of this state. From almost the beginning, the tiny beet leafhopper, Eutettix tenellus (Baker), has threatened the very existence of this industry, and, in connection with the curly-top disease which it disseminates, has been responsible for the loss of many millions of dollars to the sugar-beet growers and sugar manufacturers of Utah. Poor prices, competition of other crops, sugar-beet nematode and crop …

Bulletin No. 233 - Observations On The Use Of Commercial Fertilizers On The Arid Soils Of Utah, D. W. Pittman, Clarence Burnham

UAES Bulletins

Only within the last few years has the question of commercial fertilizers been worthy of serious consideration in Utah. It has been considered that commercial fertilizers were unnecessary in Utah (1) because arid soils retain their virgin fertility much longer than soils in the humid region which are subject to continual leaching by heavy precipitation, (2) because livestock have always predominated in Utah's agriculture due to the vast areas adapted only to range purposes and livestock means manure to maintain fertility, and (3) because alfalfa, our principal feed crop, is also one of the best plants for gathering nitrogen from …

Bulletin No. 232 - Family Living Expenditures: Summit County, Utah 1930, Edith Hayball, W. Preston Thomas

UAES Bulletins

This publication is a detailed analysis of data secured in a study of the income and expenditures of farm families in Summit County, Utah, which was made for the year 1930 by the Agricultural Experiment Station and Extension Service of the Utah ,State Agricultural College.

Bulletin No. 229 - Production Study Of 160 Dairy Herds: Wellsville, Utah, 1929, George Q. Bateman

UAES Bulletins

The condensed milk plant located at Wellsville, Utah, could use more milk to an advantage. The dairymen of the section were anxious to supply this demand. The dairymen and manufacturers cooperatively planned a survey to determine by what means this demand could be brought about: Should the dairymen increase the size of their herds? If not, what could be done to increase dairy production?

Bulletin No. 230 - San Juan County Experimental Farm: Progress Report, 1925-30, Inclusive, James H. Eagar, A. F. Bracken

UAES Bulletins

San Juan County, located in the southeast corner of the state, has a dry-farm area of approximately 600,000 acres extending from Monticello 26 miles south to Blanding and 6 miles north to Peter's Hill and stretching from the Blue Mountains east 30 miles to the Colorado line. One-fourth to one-third of this area is covered with timber consisting mainly of pinion pine, oak brush, and juniper commonly called cedar. Both the juniper and pinion are of value as fuel and building material, and the juniper has an additional value for fence posts. While small areas have been cleared of timber …

Bulletin No. 228 - Twenty Years Of Rotation And Manuring Experiments At Logan, Utah, George Stewart, D. W. Pittman

UAES Bulletins

It was the task of the pioneers to "subdue" the land. To them, this meant removing the brush, opening the ditches, and reducing the coarse sod to a fine mellow seedbed. They performed their task. Then for one to three generations the sons, grandsons, and the great grandsons of the pioneers made the land feed them. The idea of "subduing" the land was so firmly established in the West, that few realized the soil was being depleted in a manner somewhat similar to a bank account always drawn on but never replenished. Highly productive land is able to stand such …

Bulletin No. 227 - Soft-Curd Milk, R. L. Hill

UAES Bulletins

Data on the early studies on the curd character of milk are found in Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 207 and, therefore, are not included here. The key to research in this field came to light with the development of the "Hill Test," the results of which were first published in 1923. This test furnished a means of quantitatively measuring the difference in curd character of various milks.

The term "soft-curd" milk originated with R. L. Hill to describe milk which on coagulation with pepsin or rennin forms a curd that is soft and clabbery in consistency, differing widely from …

Bulletin No. 226 - Alfalfa-Seed Production, J. W. Carlson, George Stewart

UAES Bulletins

Utah's alfalfa-seed crop is of far-reaching importance. Since 1919, the growing of this crop has been a major industry in western Millard County and in that part of the Uintah Basin situated in Utah. These places are two of the relatively few large areas in the United States peculiarly adapted by climate for the successful growing of alfalfa-seed. As a cash crop, alfalfa-seed has a high commercial value. It is also the basis of the state's alfalfa hay crop, which in turn constitutes the foundation of Utah's livestock industry. Because of its wide dissemination, Utah's alfalfa-seed crop influences the feed …

Bulletin No. 224 - Muck Soil Investigations: Progress Report, Sanpete County Experimental Farm 1927-30, Inclusive, Le Moyne Wilson, George Stewart

UAES Bulletins

The estimated area of muck or peat soil in Utah is approximately 21,000 acres. The muck occurs in many valleys of Utah. The largest areas are in the Sanpete and Utah Lake Valleys. The area in the former is estimated at 6500 acres and the Utah Valley area at 9000 acres; the other areas, all more or less significant in size, are scattered throughout the state.

Investigations reported have been confined entirely to the Sanpete area which is located near the south and bottom end of the valley and is west of the towns of Chester, Ephraim, and Manti. During …

Bulletin No. 225 - Progress Report: Carbon County Experimental Farm, 1927-30, Inclusive, I. D. Zobell, George Stewart

UAES Bulletins

The agricultural problems of the Carbon County Experimental Farm and of the locality which it serves are distinctly different from those of most of the farming localities of Utah. The low and uncertain winter rainfall, the comparative "rawness" of the soils, together with their almost infinite stickiness when wet, and the presence of considerable alkali throughout their body makes them peculiarly sensitive to time and manner of treatment and causes them to absorb water slowly and to erode readily.

Bulletin No. 223 - Feeding Value Of Alfalfa Hay Treated With Calcium Arsenate, H. J. Frederick

UAES Bulletins

For a number of years many tons of sprayed or dusted hay have been fed successfully to livestock by stockmen interested in controlling the alfalfa weevil; nevertheless. the supposed cases of poisoning that have been reported naturally have caused concern among feeders.

Further confusion on this question has resulted from reports on studies designed to determine the effect of lead arsenate instead of calcium arsenate.

Whether the lead in lead arsenate has been a more injurious agent than the arsenic, of course, is difficult to state. Most of the experiments performed in the feeding of sprayed or dusted hay have …

Bulletin No. 222 - A Quarter Century Of Dry-Farm Experiments At Nephi, Utah, A. F. Bracken, George Stewart

UAES Bulletins

Utah is naturally an arid state with precipitation varying from 3.71 inches at Wendover, located in the vast desert region on the western border, to more than 40 inches on some of the mountain ranges. Desert and mountain areas and other untillable land combined total about 95 per cent of Utah's land area. The remaining 5 per cent constitutes all the land which will yield to cultivation either by irrigation or by dry-farming.

Durinog the 76 years that dry-farming has been practiced in Utah, many change in tillage practices, cropping systems, crops, and crop varieties have taken place in keeping …

Bulletin No. 221 - Snakes Of Utah, Herbert J. Pack

UAES Bulletins

For 17 years the late Dr. Herbert J. Pack, former Station Entomologist, made a study of the reptiles and amphibians of Utah. His original idea was to publish a comprehensive treatment of the snakes and lizards of his state, and whenever opportunity was afforded collected data on their distribution, habits, and economic importance. At the time of his death, on January 5, 1930, many notes and drawings of lizards were left; a manuscript on snakes, presented for his master's thesis to the Utah State Agricultural College in 1923, was also in his possession. Bulletin 221 contains essentially the information presented …

Bulletin No. 220 - Biennial Report Of Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, P. V. Cardon

UAES Bulletins

No abstract provided.

Bulletin No. 219 - Twenty-Eight Years Of Irrigation Experiments Near Logan, Utah: 1902-29, Inclusive, D. W. Pittman, George Stewart

UAES Bulletins

Since 1902 irrigation experiments have been a major part of the research activity on the Greenville (Central) Experimental Farm near Logan, Utah. The experiments have been concerned mainly with the effects of different quantities of irrigation water, the minimum water requirement of crops, and the effects of different seasonal distribution of the water. This publication aims to give a brief summary of this work as it relates to crop yields as well as the more recent results up to and including 1929.

Bulletin No. 217 - Prices Of Farm Products In Utah, W. Preston Thomas

UAES Bulletins

The purpose of this bulletin is to indicate, by means of price data, the relative position of Utah's agriculture, the agriculture of the United states as a whole, and industrial enterprises. It Is the aim to analyze these price data in order to indicate the relationship existing between the various commodities and major enterprises. Through comparative price series an attempt has been made to present in tabular and graphic form a general picture of these enterprises for a series of years.

Bulletin No. 218 - The Alfalfa-Seed Chalcis-Fly In Utah: 1926-29, Inclusive, Charles J. Sorenson

UAES Bulletins

During the past 10 or 15 years alfalfa-seed has constituted the major crop in western Millard County and in most of that portion of the Uintah Basin which is situated in Utah. In these sections of the state various natural conditions generally have been favorable for seed production. Within the last five years seed growers have thought that one of the principal limiting factors of the industry has been the alfalfa-seed chalcis-fly. Accordingly, a preliminary survey in the seed districts of the state was made in the fall of 1925 by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station.

The greater part of …

Bulletin No. 216 - Notes On Miscellaneous Insects Of Utah, Herbert J. Pack

UAES Bulletins

Doctor Pack, as station entomologist, was studying many problems, all of which could not receive constant attention. Consequently, much of the information recorded is far from complete but has value as a record of occurrence or as it bears on phases of the life history of forms present in this area. The following bulletin consists of notes on the various species of insects in Utah.

Bulletin No. 215 - Cost Reduction In Dry-Farming In Utah, P. V. Cardon

UAES Bulletins

Major economic influences, known to be affecting farming generally throughout the United states, are forcing the adoption of cost-reduction methods in dry-farming practice in Utah.

The methods of cost reduction that are being adopted include (a) cultural methods involving the control of weeds, preparation of the seedbed, the treatment of seed for the control of smut, and the use of superior strains or varieties of wheat, all of which are expected to reduce the cost per bushel by increasing the acre-yield; and (b) the more economical use of labor and equipment on the area farmed. The area farmed may be …

Bulletin No. 212 - Studies On The Morphology Of The Beet Leafhopper, G. F. Knowlton

UAES Bulletins

The beet leafhopper, Eutettix tenellus (Baker), is one of the most serious insect pests of western North America. Its chief importance is as a vector of the plant disease curly-top, which it transmits to beets, tomatoes, beans, melons, and many other agricultural plants. The virus apparently is introduced into the plant during the process of feeding, and is responsible for the frequent and often enormous losses to the sugar-beet growers and sugar manufacturers of the west. Apparently, the virus multiplies and remains active in the body of a leafhopper for some time, making it possible for the insect, after once …

Bulletin No. 213 - Food Habits Of Utah Farm Families, Almeda Perry Brown

UAES Bulletins

This report is merely an attempt to set forth the findings of the investigation without making claim to their being conclusive except for the families included in the study. While the study was carried into a relatively large portion of the state, the records are too few in number for any claim to be made that they represent community food conditions. It is believed, however, that the records which form the basis of this report are representative of the food situation in the homes from which they come.

Bulletin No. 211 - Silage Corn Varieties For Utah, George Stewart, A. L. Wilson

UAES Bulletins

Utah is rapidly developing an important dairy industry. In addition to homegrown hay and grain, there must be some form of succulence. Pasturage is the common way of furnishing fresh feed in summer. In certain regions, silage and beet pulp are the winter forms. With a scarcity of beet pulp, silage corn is likely to be an important crop in the Great Salt Lake and Utah Lake Valleys, where corn does well. The data presented in this publication are related to the choice of a corn variety for ensilage.

Bulletin No. 210 - The Mineral Content Of Grains, J. E. Greaves, C. T. Hirst

UAES Bulletins

It is generally recognized that shrunken, frosted, or smutty grain is inferior to sound, clean, plump grain. Much has been done on the protein content of grain, and the best millers today purchase grain for its protein content. Few give any consideration to its minerals. Yet do two bushels of sound, plump, clean grain of known protein content grown under the same or different conditions, have the same mineral content? If not, it is of importance to both the producer and consumer: to the consumer because it governs the nutritive value of the product; to the producer because it represents …

Bulletin No. 209 - Biennial Report Of Director: July 1, 1926-June 30, 1928

UAES Bulletins

No abstract provided.

Bulletin No. 207 - The Physical Cure Character Of Milk And Its Relationship To The Digestability And Food Value Of Milk For Infants, R. L. Hill

UAES Bulletins

In the feeding of infants,' cows' milk is the best and most common substitute for human milk. In the feeding of delicate infants, however, considerable difficulty is often experienced from its use. The ideal substitute for mothers' milk has not been found, and most of the clinical effort has been directed towards the modification of cows' milk for infants.

Comparatively little research has been done on the difference in the digestibility and food value of milks from different cows for the infant. It is a well-known fact that the curd of cows' milk forms in a tough mass which varies …

Bulletin No. 206 - Treehopper Injury In Utah Orchards, Charles J. Sorenson

UAES Bulletins

Treehopper injury is a problem that has given many fruit growers in Utah some concern during recent years. These people have observed that their young fruit trees and the twigs and smaller branches of older trees have been attacked during the autumn of each year in a manner that produced numerous cuts which later formed scars. The trees frequently became unthrifty, and more or less deformed and stunted, as a result of these annual attacks.

The investigation reported in this publication was made for the purpose of ascertaining the present status of the treehopper situation in Utah orchards.

Bulletin No. 205 - The Beet Leafhopper In Utah: A Study Of Its Distribution And The Occurrence Of Curly-Top, George F. Knowlton

UAES Bulletins

The sugar-beet industry of Utah, and many other western states, has suffered enormous losses from curly-top. Under natural conditions this disease is transmitted, so far as known, solely through the feeding of the beet leafhopper, Eutettix tenellus (Baker), the so-called "white fly." The serious damage of 1924 and 1926 has especially emphasized the necessity for more knowledge concerning the problem.

Bulletin No. 203 - Cattle Ranching In Utah: Report Of A Preliminary Economic Survey Of The Ranch Situations As Of 1925, William Peterson, P. V. Cardon, K. C. Ikeler, Geroge Stewart, A. C. Esplin

UAES Bulletins

The Mexican War ended in 1846, but the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was not signed until 1848. Meantime, Utah was occupied by the Mormon pioneers, who having no land laws to guide them took land according to a plan furnished by Brigham Young. In Salt Lake City 10-acre blocks were divided into 8 building lots of 1 1/4 acres each. Just at the edge of the city were "five acre lots to accommodate mechanics and artisans; next beyond were 10-acre lots, followed by forty and eighty acres, where farmers could build and reside."

Bulletin No. 202 - Some Observations On Winter Injury In Utah Peach Orchards, T. H. Abell

UAES Bulletins

During the winter following the freeze, fruit growers in Utah were deeply concerned over the effects of the cold on their orchards, since it was observed that not only were fruit buds killed, but the tissues of the trunks, limbs, and twigs were turning brown. The question at once arose as to whether or not this browning indicated the approaching death of the trees. It was, therefore, considered important to determine, if possible, the nature and extent of the damage, to discover any factor which might have favored or lessened the injury, and finally to offer suggestions to the orchardist …

Bulletin No. 200 - Maintaining Potato Yields By Hill Selection, George Stewart, D. C. Tingey

UAES Bulletins

Utah's agriculture has passed definitely out of its pioneer period. Single-cropping, whether to wheat, to potatoes, or to sugar-beets, during the past few years has been forced from its last stronghold. The earmarks of mature agriculture are already visible. Of these, there are four important ones: (1) the production of both crops and livestock; (2) careful manuring and irrigation; (3) good crop rotations; and (4) the use of high-grade parental stock, that is, prepotent sires for livestock and strong and healthy seed for crops.