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Articles 1801 - 1830 of 9503
Full-Text Articles in Agricultural Science
Fungicide Effect On Temperate Forage Grasses, M P. Rolston, J G. Hampton, M D. Hare, R E. Falloon
Fungicide Effect On Temperate Forage Grasses, M P. Rolston, J G. Hampton, M D. Hare, R E. Falloon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The traditional use of fungicides in temperate forage grass seed crops has been for the control of diseases. However, in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seed crops, fungicides applied close to anthesis have increased seed yields even where the incidence· of leaf pathogens was low (Hampton and Hebblethwaithe, 1984, 1985; Hampton et al., 1985). The response was attributed to increased leaf area duration by delaying the senescence of photosynthetic tissue. In another trial in which levels of stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers) were low, fungicides also increased perennial ryegrass seed yield. The response was associated with both disease …
Effect Of Fungicides On Perennial Ryegrass Seed Production, G H. Horeman
Effect Of Fungicides On Perennial Ryegrass Seed Production, G H. Horeman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Significant seed yield increases were obtained (Hampton and Hebblethwaite, 1984) to fungicide application before ear emergence only, but the effects of fungal pathogens on the rye grass seed crop could not be assessed. After application of _ propiconazol before anthesis significant seed yield increases were obtained, even in absence of fungal pathogens (Horeman 1987). In this paper results of two experiments are presented. The aim was to investigate whether yield increases after fungicide application is consistent over the years and to find an explanation for these increases.
Breeding In Progress For Seed Retention In Orchardgrass (Dactylis Glomereata L.), M Falcinelli, V Negri, F Veronesi
Breeding In Progress For Seed Retention In Orchardgrass (Dactylis Glomereata L.), M Falcinelli, V Negri, F Veronesi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
As is well known, orchardgrass seeds do not mature and ripen uniformly and early maturing seeds frequently shatter before late developing ones mature. Consequently, in seed crops, high losses can either be due to early'harvesting resulting in an excess of light seeds, or to delayed harvesting resulting in seed shattering. Several agronomic strategies are used by seed producers to minimize seed losses, but the additional costs involved have limited their adoption. Previous papers (Falcinelli et al., 1983 ; 1984) have reported that many populations of D. glomerata from Southern Italy and some populations from Central Italy showed no seed shattering …
Effect Of Frost On Panicle Production In Dactylis Glomerata, O T. Niemelainen
Effect Of Frost On Panicle Production In Dactylis Glomerata, O T. Niemelainen
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The average seed yield of cocksfoot in Finland is small. The panicle formation has often been poor although the stand has otherwise been in good condition. In the present study the importance of early summer frost on the failure of panicle formation in cocksfoot was studied. The cold tolerance of cocksfoot has been observed to be poor compared to other perennial grasses (Gudleifsson et al., 1986). The sensitivity of cocksfoot to frost during the growing season was observed in the experiment of Nikolaevskaya (1973) where a frost treatment at flowering stage of cocksfoot completely destroyed the caryopses. Results of experiments …
A Comparison Of Rhizome And Seed Propagation Of Three Grasses Of Nei Mongol: Chinese Wildrye, Tender Pennisteum And Reedlike Foxtail, Na Sen, Lee Yan Qin, Su Xiao Lin
A Comparison Of Rhizome And Seed Propagation Of Three Grasses Of Nei Mongol: Chinese Wildrye, Tender Pennisteum And Reedlike Foxtail, Na Sen, Lee Yan Qin, Su Xiao Lin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
China is making great efforts to re-vegetate and improve her rangelands. In Inner Mongolia, improvement and expansion of the rangeland base is necessary to meet the needs of a flourishing local livestock industry, and growing demand for livestock products (including draft animals) in China as a whole. But the harsh growing conditions in this cold, dry and windy steppe country make seedling establishment difficult, and propagation with seed is risky at best. Methods of grassland propagation that minimize this risk, reduce the rest period after planting, and result in a more productive range will aid the revegetation effort considerably, and …
The Effect Of Megachilla Rotundata On The Yield And Qualitative Characters Of Alfalfa Seed, B Radenovic, S Starcevic
The Effect Of Megachilla Rotundata On The Yield And Qualitative Characters Of Alfalfa Seed, B Radenovic, S Starcevic
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The increasing use of insecticides in the Yugoslav agriculture, ploughing of meadows and pastures and the expansion of areas under alfalfa grown for seed have resulted in the reduction of useful entomofauna and thus also in the decline of yields of alfalfa seed due to the reduced number of pollinators. This was first indicated upon in the United States, by Knowels, 1943, and in Yugoslavia, it was pointed out by Bosnjak, 1978 and Radenovic and Starcevic, 1982. All these authors agree that there is a positive correlation between the number of Megachillidae, the number of open flowers and embryos. According …
Determination De L’Effet Du Phosphore Et Des Intervallets D’Irrigation Sur La Production De Graines De Trefle Bersim En Iran, A Vaez Zadeh
Determination De L’Effet Du Phosphore Et Des Intervallets D’Irrigation Sur La Production De Graines De Trefle Bersim En Iran, A Vaez Zadeh
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
La culture du trefle Bersim (Trifolium alexandrinum) devient de plus en plus importante en Iran. Elle est pratiquee dans les rizieres apres la recolte du riz. Aujourd'hui, cette culture s'etend sur 40.000 ha et la production atteint 500.000 tonnes de foin sec, soit un rendement moyen de 12.5 t/ha. Le ministere de !'Agriculture developpe un important programme pour augmenter la superficie jusqu'a 200.000 ha. Ceci correspondra a la moitie de toutes Jes rizieres. La culture du trefle Bersim s'est fortement developpee pendant ces dernieres annees en Iran: la superficie a augmente de 578,5 ha en 1982 a 39.500 …
Seed Yield, Fodder Yield And Persistence In White Clover Cvs Of Different Origins. Results Of Trials Conducted At Lodi (Irrigated Po Valley), R Paoletti, C Locattello
Seed Yield, Fodder Yield And Persistence In White Clover Cvs Of Different Origins. Results Of Trials Conducted At Lodi (Irrigated Po Valley), R Paoletti, C Locattello
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover is the most important pasture legume in many EEC countries (white clover-ryegrass pasture system) and a good component of permanent and rotated polyphytic meadows in North Italy (irrigated Po Valley where the Ladino subspecies developed through self selection). The main characteristics of the species are N2 fixation and high nutritional value (quality). Therefore, white clover seed usage in the EEC is expected to still be important in the next decades. A number of performing varieties have recently been developed by EEC Research Institutes. An assessment of their seed production potential is necessary in view of self-sufficiency and consequent …
Inoculant Production With Gamma Irradiated Peat And Lyophilized Cultures Of Rhizobium. Survival On Pelleted Seeds And Mineral Oil, M Lopez, R S. Bradley
Inoculant Production With Gamma Irradiated Peat And Lyophilized Cultures Of Rhizobium. Survival On Pelleted Seeds And Mineral Oil, M Lopez, R S. Bradley
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In tropical countries one of the ways of improving inoculant distribution consists on seed-pre-inoculation and on the production of lyophilized inoculants allowing a higher viability during the storage period. Thus, it is necessary to learn the rhizobium survival in pre-inoculated seeds and in lyophilized flasks, as well as in mineral oil used as a rhizobium carrier.
Les Inineraires Techniques Pour La Production De Semences De Trefle Blanc En France, J Aletru, Y Bouchet
Les Inineraires Techniques Pour La Production De Semences De Trefle Blanc En France, J Aletru, Y Bouchet
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Le Trefle blanc est une legumineuse fourragere ayant une morphologie et une physiologie tout a fait originales par rapport aux autres especes fourrageres que nous avons l'habitude de travailler : luzerne, trefle violet, sainfoin, etc. Le Trefle blanc a un port rampant, l'essentiel de la croissance s'effectue horizontalement, Jes parties aeriennes sont constituees de petioles, de feuilles en phase vegetative, auxquelles s'ajoutent des pedoncules et des inflorescences en phase reproductrice. Le stolon, « colonne vertebrale » des parties aeriennes, est l'organe de reserve ayant une importance preponderante. II colonise le sol en emettant de 70 a 110 metres de stolons …
Environmental Considerations For Lotus Production: Seed Versus Herbage, P R. Beuselinck, R L. Mcgraw
Environmental Considerations For Lotus Production: Seed Versus Herbage, P R. Beuselinck, R L. Mcgraw
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Broadleafed birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), is recognized for good productivity on marginal soils (Seaney and Henson, 1970), high feeding value (Marten and Ehle, 1984), stock-piling efficiency (Collins, 1982) and freedom from bloatinducement in ruminants (Marten and Jordan, 1979) makes it a worthy herbage crop for many areas and grazing situations. The most productive USA areas are New England, the West Coast, the North Central Plains, and some isolated areas of higher elevations in the South (Grant and Marten, 1985). Difficulty in harvesting sufficient quantities of seed is a major factor limiting the use and production of birdsfoot trefoil in …
Agricultural Behaviour Of Lablab Purpureus Cv. Rongai Under Cuban Conditions, V A. Remy, C Matias, A Perez, M Beavogui
Agricultural Behaviour Of Lablab Purpureus Cv. Rongai Under Cuban Conditions, V A. Remy, C Matias, A Perez, M Beavogui
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Production strategy of livestock in Cuba is based upon the utilization of swards as the main feeding source. Nevertheless, the climatical conditions that exist in certain period of the year lead to a seasonal productive unbalance due to the decreasing sequence of rainfall. Several alternatives have been adopted against this situation and one of them is the utilization of temporary cultivars. Taking into consideration the previous situation, the possibility of spreading Lablab purpureus, the suitable growth that it presents under temperatures among 18-30 °C (Duke, 1983), rainfall among 200-2500 mm (National Academy of Science, 1979) and its seed production from …
Influence Of The Manner Of Sowing And Vegetation Cycle On The Yield And Seed Quality Of Birdfoot Trefoil (Lotus Corniculatus), D Gataric, S Alibegovic-Grbic
Influence Of The Manner Of Sowing And Vegetation Cycle On The Yield And Seed Quality Of Birdfoot Trefoil (Lotus Corniculatus), D Gataric, S Alibegovic-Grbic
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In ecological conditions of Yugoslavia, birdsfoot trefoil, with its positive features, presents a very significant fodder crop, especially for the hill and mountain regions. However, due to poor seed production technology, there is a shortage of seed for more intensive production. Seed is usually produced on areas intended for the production of fodder, hand sown with large quantities of seed (25-35 kg/ha). The study was undertaken. with the following targets : I/determining the influence of the manner of sowing and vegetation cycle on the yield and the quality of seed ; 2/ determining the optimum sowing manner and vegetation cycle …
Nouvelles Possibilites De Lutte Contre Les Ravageurs De La Luzerne Porte-Graine En France, J Hacquet
Nouvelles Possibilites De Lutte Contre Les Ravageurs De La Luzerne Porte-Graine En France, J Hacquet
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
La mai'trise des insectes ravageurs dans la luzerne portegraine est une necessite pour l'obtention de rendements eleves et reguliers. La collaboration etroite entre le Service Technique de la FNAMS et la Laboratoire de Zoologie de l'INRA de Lusignan a permis d'inventorier les differents ravageurs, de mettre au point une panoplie de traitements et de faire connai'tre les moyens de lutte aupres de tous Jes praticiens de cette culture (FNAMS-INRA, 1980 et 1986). De plus des reseaux d'Avertissements Agricoles ont ete mis en place et suivis par le Service de la Protection des Vegetaux, avec la participation des professionnels (Perron, 1987). …
Variation Of Seed Yield And Its Components In Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.) Under Different Conditions, E Acikgoz, I Turgut, H Ekiz
Variation Of Seed Yield And Its Components In Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.) Under Different Conditions, E Acikgoz, I Turgut, H Ekiz
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is widely used as a seed or hay crop in Turkey. In humid coastal areas it is principally used fot hay or green herbage while in dry regions it is used mostly for seed. Roughly ground vetch seed is a popular concentrated feed and mixed with straw or cereal grain (A9ikg6z, 1988). Approximately 200.000 ha of common vetch are seeded every year in Turkey. It is sown mostly as a spring-seeded crop and is often subjected to severe heat and drought stress as the season progress. Yields are generally low with an average seed …
White Clover Seed Production In Two Mediterranean Environments Of Tuscany And Sardinia, P Bullitta, Simonetta Bullitta, A Pardini, S Piemontese, P P. Roggero, P Talamucci
White Clover Seed Production In Two Mediterranean Environments Of Tuscany And Sardinia, P Bullitta, Simonetta Bullitta, A Pardini, S Piemontese, P P. Roggero, P Talamucci
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Purpose of the trialwas the identification of the most suitable varieties for white clover Trifolium repens L. seed production in Mediterranean environments. The main reason of this paper is to verify whether it is possible to produce seed of European varieties of white clover in south Europe considering that surfaces for seed production are decreasing in the northern European countries that were normally producers of white clover seed. The production of clover seed in southern Europe could advantageously replace the import from New Zealand and California.
Vegetative Propagation Of White Clover An Application In White Clover Seed Production, P C.D Newton, A I. Popay
Vegetative Propagation Of White Clover An Application In White Clover Seed Production, P C.D Newton, A I. Popay
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Establishment of white clover for agricultural purposes is invariably by seed. However, natural regeneration is almost entirely vegetative (Chapman, 1987), and flowering may be restricted to a small proportion of individuals within a population (Burdon, 1980) When white clover is present in the soil seedbank, there is potential for both intra- (between classes) and inter-varietal contamination of seed crops. Lancashire et al., (1985) have commented that genetic contamination of white clover seed is a world-wide problem. Volunteer seedlings may be removed from between the crop rows mechanically, but there remains an untreatable area close to the crop which is available …
Viability Of Stylosanthes Seeds As Affected By Storage Duration, J B. Brolmann, B J. Boman
Viability Of Stylosanthes Seeds As Affected By Storage Duration, J B. Brolmann, B J. Boman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Tropical legumes such as members of the genus Stylosanthes (sty lo) contribute to the improvement of pastures in the tropics and sub-tropics. Stylosanthes is usually established from seed. In Florida, seed of Stylosanthes has to be produced and collected before the onset of the winter since occasional frosts can damage seed-bearing vegetation. Therefore, early maturing Stylosanthes varieties have been developed. In stylo seed collections maintained for breeding or seed exchange purposes, maintenances of seed viability is critical. New pests or new diseases may require a renewed screening of stored accessions. It is important, then, that the seed source of this …
Modification Of Stolon Growth, Development And Flowering By Plant Growth Regulators In White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) Seed Crops, A H. Marshall, D H. Hides
Modification Of Stolon Growth, Development And Flowering By Plant Growth Regulators In White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) Seed Crops, A H. Marshall, D H. Hides
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Within the EEC the need to develop low cost less intensive systems of animal production has led to an increase in the importance of legumes generally, and white clover in particular. At present, annual white clover seed usage within the EEC is approximately 4,000 tonnes, however, the self sufficiency rate is expected to fall below 50 % by the end of the 1980s due principally to unpredictable seed yields which make it an unprofitable crop for seed growers. The main component of seed yield in white clover is the number of ripe inflorescences at harvest (Zaleski, 1961) however, the proportion …
Growth Regulator Effects On Seed Production Of Lotus Corniculatus L. And Lotus Uliginosus Schkuhr., J G. Hampton, Qingfeng Li, M D. Hare
Growth Regulator Effects On Seed Production Of Lotus Corniculatus L. And Lotus Uliginosus Schkuhr., J G. Hampton, Qingfeng Li, M D. Hare
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Seed yield in both Lotus corniculatus L. and Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr. (syn. L. pedunculatus Cav.) is considered to be limited by the indeterminate growth habit which results in a protracted (2-4 month) flowering period (Witchwoot, 1987; Li and Hill, 1988) leading to wide variation in seed maturity and seed loss through pod shattering. In both species seed yield is determined primarily by the number of inflorescences (Mos, 1983 ; Witchwoot, 1987), and thus treatments which alter or remove apical dominance, enhance shoot production or main stem branching thereby increasing inflorescence numbers (Clifford et al., 1983 ; Li and Hill, 1988), …
Plant Resources And Forage Seed Production In China, Dong Peihua
Plant Resources And Forage Seed Production In China, Dong Peihua
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
China is situated in the Eastern part of Asia ; from North to South it extends across the temperate and tropical zones. From East to West it has humid, semiarid, arid regions. There is no frost through the year in some part ofHainan Island, Yunnan, Guangdong and Taiwan provinces. Therefore plants grow the year round and there is a wide range of tropical species. The geographical and climatical differences resulted in rich grass resources. There are three hundred million hectares of natural pastures in Northern China, with more than 4000 plant species. These plants have different degrees of feeding value. …
Harvest Management And Regrowth Of Trifolium Alexandrinum, R E. Joost, J D. Mooso
Harvest Management And Regrowth Of Trifolium Alexandrinum, R E. Joost, J D. Mooso
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Adaptation of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum) beyond the coastal regions of the southeastern United States was limited by a lack of cold tolerance prior to the release of 'Bigbee', a selection from a stand of 'Sacromonte' subjected to temperature of -15 and -18 Con successive nights in 1972. The release of Bigbee in 1985 expanded the range of berseem clover adaptation to include the entire Southeast, as far north as Oklahoma (Knight, 1985). It is known that annual clovers do not rely on root reserve carbohydrates, but rather on residual leaf area and rapid leaf regeneration from active …
Closing Ceremony Speech, S. Ray Smith
Closing Ceremony Speech, S. Ray Smith
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
No abstract provided.
Soil Compaction And Novel Traffic Systems In Ryegrass Grown For Silage: Effects On Herbage Yield, Quality And Nitrogen Uptake, J T. Douglas, C E. Crawford
Soil Compaction And Novel Traffic Systems In Ryegrass Grown For Silage: Effects On Herbage Yield, Quality And Nitrogen Uptake, J T. Douglas, C E. Crawford
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grassland soils, on which the crop is managed for conservation as silage, receive large amounts of vehicle and machinery traffic : rolling and multiple slurry and fertilizers applications, plus multiple harvests, are all activities which are potentially damaging to soil and sward. A number of short-term studies in the UK (Frame, 1987 and Frost, 1988) and elsewhere (Luten and Roozeboom, 1976, and Rasmussen and M¢ller, 1981) have indicated that dry matter yield can be reduced as a consequence of stress imparted to soil by agricultural tyres. Nevertheless, there is a general lack of information on the influence of soil compaction …
Contribution Of Red Clover To Maize Grain Yields, K D. Johnson, D K. Greene, J H. Cherney
Contribution Of Red Clover To Maize Grain Yields, K D. Johnson, D K. Greene, J H. Cherney
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Renewed emphasis has been placed on crop rotation systems that include a perennial legume. Reasons for this interest include protection of soil from erosion, protection of ground water from nitrate contamination, reduction of soil compaction, and potential for fewer inputs which could reduce costs of grain production. Barnes et al. (1985) reported that a nondormant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) selected for increased Nin the root and crown had similar summer herbage yield as adapted dormant cultivars, but provided 62 % more symbiotically fixed N for a following crop than dormant cultivars. If most benefit is to be derived from cultivars …
Analysis Of The Effect On N Nutrition On Dry Matter Yield Of A Sward By Reference To Potential Yield And Optimum N Content, G Lemaire, F Gastal, J Salette
Analysis Of The Effect On N Nutrition On Dry Matter Yield Of A Sward By Reference To Potential Yield And Optimum N Content, G Lemaire, F Gastal, J Salette
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Previous work has shown that the N content of a sward could be related to the dry matter accumulation during the course of the regrowth by the following equation : N % = a(Wtb, where W is the weight of aboveground biomass and N % the N concentration of dry matter (Salette & Lemaire, 1981). The coefficient a represents the N % for an aerial biomass of I t/ha, and b characterizes the degree of dilution of N during the regrowth. When b = 0, N % remains constant during the regrowth. If b = I, there is an increase …
Nitrogen Fixation In Mixed Pastures Under Two Grazing Intensities, R O. Refi, C A. Navarro, C J. Escuder
Nitrogen Fixation In Mixed Pastures Under Two Grazing Intensities, R O. Refi, C A. Navarro, C J. Escuder
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In the Humid Pampa, 10 millions of ha present intrazonal hydromorphic alkaline soils with low P assimilable content and cyclic floods and droughts. Gramineous native ranges utilized for extensive cattle raising with low productivity levels occupy 70 % of the area. The lack of adapted legume and grass genotypes and little information about grazing management makes it difficult to increase production through implanted pastures due to their low persistence (Darwich and Gonzalez, 1982). To modify this situation an interdisciplinary study of four forage mixtures integrated by promising germplasm for that conditions was carried out. This paper is part of that …
Strategies Of Fertilizer Nitrogen Applications To Grassland For Beef: Effects On Production And Soil Mineral Nitrogen, N M. Titchen, R J. Wilkins, L Philipps, D Scholefield
Strategies Of Fertilizer Nitrogen Applications To Grassland For Beef: Effects On Production And Soil Mineral Nitrogen, N M. Titchen, R J. Wilkins, L Philipps, D Scholefield
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Experiments in Britain have shown beef production increases with fertilizer-N application to grazed grassland up to at least 300 kg N/ha (Wilkins et al., 1987; Baker and Mayne, 1988). However in view of the small offtake of N in the animal products (c.30 kg/ha) there is increased concern on the fate of the applied N, particularly in relation to loss of nitrate by leaching (Garwood and Ryden, 1986). This paper reports a 3-year experiment which examined the impact on production and on N movements of different strategies of fertilizer-N application and of the effects of removing grazing livestock at the …
Biomass Production And Nitrogen Transfer In Mixed Cropping With Glycine Max (L) Merr. And Sorghum Biocolor Moench, S Ogata, K Kuwata, H Saneoka, K Fujita
Biomass Production And Nitrogen Transfer In Mixed Cropping With Glycine Max (L) Merr. And Sorghum Biocolor Moench, S Ogata, K Kuwata, H Saneoka, K Fujita
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
It is well known that the mixed-cropping of legumes and grasses benefits the productivity and management of pastures (Ogata et al., 1986; Kawamoto et al., 1983). However, the effect of mixed-croppings on forage biomass production, and how to transfer N fixed to the associated gramineous plants in fields of low N fertility, is less well known (Simpson, 1965). The N accumulation and the transference ofN fixed in mixtures of forage type soybean and sorghum were studied as a model system.
Changes In Vegetation Of Various Meadows Under Differential Mineral Fertilization, S Benedycki, S Grzegorczyk, M Mlynarczyk, K Grabowski
Changes In Vegetation Of Various Meadows Under Differential Mineral Fertilization, S Benedycki, S Grzegorczyk, M Mlynarczyk, K Grabowski
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Permanent meadows and pastures occurring in the Mazurian Lake District (North-eastern part of Poland) constitute 32 % of arable lands. Most meadows are situated on peat soils (Olkowski, 1972). Continuous and successive changes take place in such populations. The moment some species decline, the number of others increases which are better adjusted to site conditions or human activity such as fertilization and the way of land use. These changes occur with different intensity depending on fertilizer doses, land use and site conditions which have not been well recognized with regard to permanent meadows (Olkowski and Olesinski, 1976, Eilart, 1986). Determination …