Agricultural Science Commons^™

Pemanfaatan Beberapa Jenis Urin Ternak Sebagai Pupuk Organik Cair Dengan Konsentrasi Yang Berbeda Pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Di Pembibitan Utama, Bisri Alvi, Mira Ariyanti, Yudithia Maxiselly

Jurnal Kultivasi

Pembibitan merupakan tahapan awal dalam budidaya tanaman kelapa sawit, kualitas bibit akan mempengaruhi hasil yang akan diperoleh nantinya. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan bibit diantaranya adalah ketersediaan unsur hara yang dapat diperoleh dari pemberian pupuk anorganik dan organik. Pemberian pupuk anorganik tanpa diimbangi pupuk organik dapat merusak sifat tanah, sehingga diperlukan pupuk organik yaitu dengan memanfaatkan urin ternak sebagai pupuk organik cair, dengan menambahkan pupuk organik cair pada tanah, maka dapat membantu proses pertumbuhan tanaman karena pupuk organik cair urin ternak mengandung hormon pertumbuhan bagi tanaman serta mudah diserap tanaman. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Kabupaten …

Plant And Microbial Responses To Repeated Cu(Oh)2 Nanopesticide Exposures Under Different Fertilization Levels In An Agro-Ecosystem, Marie Simonin, Benjamin P. Colman, Weiyi Tang, Jonathan D. Judy, Steven M. Anderson, Christina M. Bergemann, Jennifer D. Rocca, Jason M. Unrine, Nicolas Cassar, Emily S. Bernhardt

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

The environmental fate and potential impacts of nanopesticides on agroecosystems under realistic agricultural conditions are poorly understood. As a result, the benefits and risks of these novel formulations compared to the conventional products are currently unclear. Here, we examined the effects of repeated realistic exposures of the Cu(OH)₂ nanopesticide, Kocide 3000, on simulated agricultural pastureland in an outdoor mesocosm experiment over 1 year. The Kocide applications were performed alongside three different mineral fertilization levels (Ambient, Low, and High) to assess the environmental impacts of this nanopesticide under low-input or conventional farming scenarios. The effects of Kocide over time were …

Integrated Soil Fertility Management Sequences For Reducing Climate Risk In Smallholder Crop Production Systems In Southern Africa, Hatirarami Nezomba, Florence Mtambanengwe, Jairos Rurinda, Paul Mapfumo

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Climate change, increased climate variability and poor soil fertility are major bio-physical constraints to cropping on smallholder farms in southern Africa. We used the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) to assess maize yield response to integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) rotational sequences of low-quality organic resources, nitrogen-fixing green manure and grain legumes, and mineral fertilizers under baseline (1960–2005) and projected (2040–2069) climates. APSIM was also employed to evaluate the response of maize yield to the ISFM sequences under a combination of a changing climate, and typical sowing dates and mineral fertilizer application rates for smallholder households of varying resource endowment. …

Groundwater Prospectivity In The Midlands Area, L J. Baddock, S Johnson

Natural resources commissioned reports

As part of the Water For Food Midlands project, Department of Primary Industry and Regional Development (DPIRD) is undertaking mapping of high-quality agricultural land (HQAL) to identify areas of agricultural value. This mapping utilises data relating to soils, land capability and rainfall, that is being integrated into a GIS-format that is easy to comprehend and can be incorporated into planning processes. This report details the development and results of a GIS-based product that represents groundwater resource prospectivity for irrigated agriculture in the Midlands project area. The output maps will be useful for landowners and developers highlighting the opportunities and risks …

Radical Social Ecology As Deep Pragmatism: A Call To The Abolition Of Systemic Dissonance And The Minimization Of Entropic Chaos, Arielle Brender

Student Theses 2015-Present

This paper aims to shed light on the dissonance caused by the superimposition of Dominant Human Systems on Natural Systems. I highlight the synthetic nature of Dominant Human Systems as egoic and linguistic phenomenon manufactured by a mere portion of the human population, which renders them inherently oppressive unto peoples and landscapes whose wisdom were barred from the design process. In pursuing a radical pragmatic approach to mending the simultaneous oppression and destruction of the human being and the earth, I highlight the necessity of minimizing entropic chaos caused by excess energy expenditure, an essential feature of systems that aim …

Agriculture In The Classroom Farm Day Lesson Plan, Tessa Nicole Thompson

Agricultural Education and Communication

Nontraditional educational programs have been proclaimed desirable by many teachers, and proven effective through data collection and feedback (Coombs and Ahmed, 1974). Of the more popular unconventional educational programs, outside learning activities are commonly implemented as they are not only advantageous to students, but to teachers as well (Cengelci, 2013; Knoblock, 2008). Though nontraditional, much thought must be put into creating lesson plans for these educational programs.

El Dorado County’s Agriculture in the Classroom program utilizes nontraditional outdoor learning activities to conduct “Farm Day.” This lesson plan, created for Farm Day, is to teach third graders the importance of composting …

Reducing Losses But Failing To Sequester Carbon In Soils – The Case Of Conservation Agriculture And Integrated Soil Fertility Management In The Humid Tropical Agro-Ecosystem Of Western Kenya, Rolf Sommer, Birthe Katharina Paul, John Mukalama, Job Kihara

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Agriculture is a global contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, causing climate change. Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration is seen as a pathway to climate change mitigation. But, long-term data on the actual contribution of tropical soils to SOC sequestration are largely absent. To contribute to filling this knowledge gap, we measured SOC in the top 15 cm over 12 years in two agronomic long-term trials in Western Kenya. These trials include various levels – from absence to full adoption – of two widely promoted sustainable agricultural management practices: Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM; i.e. improved varieties, mineral fertilizer and organic …

Exploring Spatial And Temporal Variability Of Soil And Crop Processes For Irrigation Management, Javier Reyes

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Irrigation needs to be applied to soils in relatively humid regions such as western Kentucky to supply water for crop uptake to optimize and stabilize yields. Characterization of soil and crop variability at the field scale is needed to apply site specific management and to optimize water application. The objective of this work is to propose a characterization and modeling of soil and crop processes to improve irrigation management. Through an analysis of spatial and temporal behavior of soil and crop variables the variability in the field was identified. Integrative analysis of soil, crop, proximal and remote sensing data was …

Respon Pertumbuhan Bibit Nilam Aceh (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) Klon Sidikalang Pada Media Tanam Subsoil Dengan Pemberian Pati Beras Dan Pupuk Hayati, Mira Ariyanti, Cucu Suherman, Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari, Dewi Santika

Jurnal Kultivasi

Media tanam berupa topsoil masih menjadi andalan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman nilam karena kandungan mineral dan bahan organiknya yang tinggi. Seiring dengan pemanfaatannya, ketersediaan topsoil semakin berkurang dan dirasa perlu untuk mencari alternatif lain yaitu dengan memanfaatkan subsoil. Peningkatan unsur hara dalam subsoil dilakukan dengan cara pemberian pupuk organik berupa pati beras dan pupuk hayati. Percobaan dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor pada Juni 2011- September 2011. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok terdiri dari 11 kombinasi perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Perlakuan percobaan meliputi top soil, sub soil + pupuk anorganik N 1.75 g, sub soil + 25 …

Strong Spatial-Temporal Patterns In Maize Yield Response To Nutrient Additions In African Smallholder Farms, Samuel Njoroge, Antonius G.T. Schut, Ken E. Giller, Shamie Zingore

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Large variability in crop responses to macronutrient application at various spatial scales present challenges for developing effective fertilizer recommendations for crop production in smallholder farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa. We assessed maize yield responses to nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) application and evaluated relationships between crop responses to N, P and K application and soil analysis data. Nutrient omission trials were conducted on 23 farms located in Sidindi, Western Kenya, selected to be representative of the main soil and management factors in maize based systems in Siaya County. Treatments included a control and PK, NK, NP and NPK …

Agricultural Responses To Climate Change: A Study Of Adaptive Farming Methods In Kizanda Village, Bailey Smith-Helman

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Agriculture is vital to the economic and social systems in Tanzania, composing 30% of the country’s GDP as well as 80% of employment (FAO, 2014). Despite agriculture’s important role, it remains one of the most vulnerable sectors to climate change. Current trends project global average temperature to increase by 0.8-2.6 degrees Celsius, leaving farmers to face changes in rainfall, soil quality, and new pests and diseases (IPCC, 2007). Farmers will be forced to adapt to the changing climate if they are to sustain their livelihoods and the Tanzanian economy. For these reasons, it is important to understand the types of …

Profitability Of Diammonium Phosphate Use In Bush And Climbing Bean-Maize Rotations In Smallholder Farms Of Central Burundi, Marie Chantal Niyuhire, Pieter Pypers, Bernard Vanlauwe, Generose Nziguheba, Dries Roobroeck, Roel Merckx

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Soil fertility decline is a major constraint to bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and maize (Zea mays) production in the Central Highlands of Burundi. Nutrient sources, specifically fertilizers, are paramount to increasing the production in the regions. Hence, improving fertilizer use efficiency is considered as a key factor towards sustainable intensification. The use of grain legumes with low harvest indices, such as climbing beans, are assumed to improve soil fertility and fertilizer use efficiency. This study compares the rotational effects of bush and climbing bean varieties on maize and evaluates the profitability of diammonium phosphate (DAP, 18–46-0) fertilizer in the bean-maize …

Respons Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine Max) Varietas Wilis Akibat Pemberian Berbagai Dosis Pupuk N, P, K, Dan Pupuk Guano Pada Tanah Inceptisol Jatinangor, Agus Wahyudin, Fiky Yulianto Wicaksono, Aep Wawan Irwan, Ruminta, Rizka Fitriani

Jurnal Kultivasi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah pemberian Pupuk Organik Padat Guano dapat memberikan hasil yang sama dengan pemberian Pupuk N,P,K. Percobaan dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor dengan ketinggian 754m dpl dan menggunakan tanah inceptisol dengan pH 6,18.Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok, terdiri dari 8 perlakuan kombinasi dosis pupuk, yang terdiri dari 100% N,P,K, 100% Pupuk Guano, 75% N,P,K + 100% Pupuk Guano, 50% N,P,K + 100% Pupuk Guano, 75% N,P,K + 75% Pupuk Guano, 50% N,P,K + 75% Pupuk Guano, 75% N,P,K + 50% Pupuk Guano serta 50% N,P,K + 50% Pupuk Guano. …

Respons Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Benih Kentang G0 Di Dataran Medium Terhadap Waktu Dan Cara Aplikasi Paklobutrazol, Nuzula Suci Azima, Anne Nuraini, Sumadi, Jajang Sauman Hamdani

Jurnal Kultivasi

Aplikasi paklobutrazol pada penanaman kentang di dataran medium dapat mengurangi sintesis giberelin yang menyebabkan penurunan hasil kentang. Efektifitas paklobutrazol tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi, tetapi juga waktu dan cara aplikasinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh waktu dan cara aplikasi paklobutrazol yang memberikan pengaruh paling baik dalam meningkatkan hasil benih kentang G0 di dataran medium. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuannya terdiri dari waktu aplikasi paklobutrazol yaitu 28, 35 dan 42 HST (Hari Setelah Tanam) dan cara aplikasi paklobutrazol yaitu disemprot ke daun, disiram ke media tanam dan kombinasi antara penyemprotan ke daun dan …

The Application Of Aem To Mapping The Aquifer And Groundwater Characteristics Of The La Grange Groundwater Area, Wa, David Annetts, Tim Munday, Richard J. George Dr, Nicholas J. Wright, Gregory Paul Raper, Kevin Cahill

Natural resources commissioned reports

This report describes the interpretation of a large airborne electromagnetic data survey that was designed to aid characterisation of groundwater systems in the La Grange groundwater allocation area which lies south of Broome, Western Australia. Characterisation of these systems is critical to developing policy around water use in the region, especially for the development of agriculture. This report is the second of two reports and it is designed to refine surfaces which are used as inputs to groundwater models. The volume defined by these surfaces viz. the seawater intrusion in the west, the top of the Jarlemai siltstone and the …

Nutrient Loading Reduction In A Tile Drained Agricultural Watershed Through Watershed-Scale Cover Cropping: A High Resolution Analysis, Benjamin Gerald Bruening

Theses and Dissertations

Nutrient pollution originating from agricultural regions in the Midwest is a serious issue, leading to pollution of drinking water sources as well as large hypoxic zones in the Gulf of Mexico. The source of much of this contamination has been shown to be runoff from agricultural fields in the Upper Mississippi River Basin. One method that has been shown to reduce this pollution from the Upper Mississippi River Basin is the planting of winter cover crops. Winter cover crops such as rye and tillage radish have been shown to significantly reduce nitrate exported from agricultural fields, even in tile-drained watersheds …

Interactive Effects Of Cover Crops, Invertebrate Communities And Soil Health In Corn Production Systems, Claire Lacanne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The adoption of regenerative farming practices is gaining traction, but the costs and benefits are not often considered on a systems level. Encouraging biodiversity and soil health is the goal of many agricultural practices used in regenerative farming; regenerative systems employ practices which abide by the two main principles of increasing biodiversity and decreasing disturbance, with the goal of encouraging ecosystem functioning to minimize inputs and maximize the productivity of a farm. I examined the management of corn (Zea mays) fields across four states in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. Regenerative systems in this study …

Effects Of Silvopasture Establishment On Aqueous And Gaseous Soil N Losses At The University Of New Hampshire Organic Dairy Research Farm, Kathryn Ann Slebodnik

Honors Theses and Capstones

The expansion of local agriculture in the New England region is putting increased pressure on farmers to expand their arable land base. While clear-cutting is a traditional method of converting forested land to agriculture, it is known for having adverse ecological impacts. To minimize these impacts, farmers can create a silvopasture which incorporates a portion of the original forest canopy into pastures or crop fields. This study evaluates the impact of land-use changes for agriculture on soil nitrogen (N) retention. In particular, this study investigates the differences in soil N turnover, gaseous loss, and aqueous loss among an established forest, …

Evaluating Soil Physical And Chemical Properties Following Addition Of Non-Composted Spent Coffee And Tea For Athletic Fields, Shuang Zhou

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Physical and chemical properties of non-composted spent coffee (CF) and tea (T) suggest they may have applications as soil amendments for improving poor soils. Studies were conducted to determine 1) the effect of amendments on grass growth and soil properties, 2) the effect of incorporation versus surface application of amendments on soil properties, and 3) the effect of amendment application frequency on grass growth and soil properties. In the first study, amendments were mixed with sand and planted to bermudagrass. Treatments included CF, T, and peat moss (PM) mixed with sand, and 100% sand as a control. In the second …

Determinants Of Integrated Soil Fertility Management Technologies Adoption By Smallholder Farmers In The Chinyanja Triangle Of Southern Africa, Powell Mponela, Lulseged Tamene, Gift Ndengu, Ruth Magreta, Job Kihara, Nelson Mango

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM) technologies have proven to be viable options for improving land productivity and increasing yield. However, adoption of the set of complementary technologies that are required in ISFM is quite variable and studies tend to focus on single technologies. In this study we used cluster analysis to group technologies and ordered probit to determine the probability of multiple technology adoption. The result show that usage of ISFM in the Chinyanja Triangle (Southern Africa) is grouped into 3 technological sets based on complementarities. The set of nutrient dense technologies of inorganic fertiliser, compost and animal manure (ISFMset3) …

Aplikasi Pupuk Organik Terhadap Hasil Kacang Hijau (Vigna Radiate L.) Di Ultisol, Ida Widiyawati, T. Harjoso, T. T. Taufik

Jurnal Kultivasi

Permasalahan budidaya kacang hijau di Indonesia adalah produktivitas yang masih rendah dan lahan budidaya yang terbatas, sehingga dapat diatasi dengan mengoptimalkan lahan marginal seperti tanah ultisol untuk kegiatan budidaya kacang hijau. Tujuan pene-litian ini adalah untuk mengetahui varietas kacang hijau dan jenis pupuk organik yang mampu menghasilkan produksi tinggi di tanah ultisol. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan polibag di Screen House, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman pada bulan Juli-September 2015. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah varietas kacang hijau yang terdiri atas tiga varietas, yaitu Vima 1, Betet, dan Murai. Faktor kedua adalah jenis pupuk, …

Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Padi Gogo Hubungannya Dengan Kandungan Prolin Dan 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Pada Kondisi Kadar Air Tanah Berbeda, A. Y. Rahayu, T. A.D. Haryanto, S. N. Iftitah

Jurnal Kultivasi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons varietas padi gogo pada kadar air tanah berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil dan kandungan prolin dan 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biji. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Universitas Tidar Magelang mulai bulan September 2012 sampai dengan Maret 2013. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap terdiri atas dua faktor yaitu varietas padi gogo (Inpago Unsoed-1, galur JSPGA 136, varietas Situ-bagendit (non-aromatik) dan varietas Mentik Wangi) dan tingkat kadar air tanah (100 % kapasitas lapang dan 50 % kapasitas lapang). Variabel pengamatan meliputi: tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah anakan total per rumpun (batang), jumlah anakan produktif (batang), total panjang akar (m), umur berbunga (hst), …

Determination Of Optimum Fall And Spring Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate For Maximizing Grain Yield Of Soft Red Winter Wheat Sown At Variable Planting Dates, Lucas Vasconcelos Vieira

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

An optimum planting date is important for winter wheat nitrogen (N) management as it dramatically changes the growing environment including temperature and moisture, ultimately affecting fertilizer efficiency and grain yield (GY). In Arkansas, high precipitation in the fall often forces farmers to delay planting and current Arkansas recommendations include the application of fall N when soft red winter wheat (SRWW) is sown later than optimum, despite the lack of data supporting this practice. This study evaluated the effect of rate and timing of N application on GY of SRWW sown at variable planting dates in Arkansas. Granular urea was split …

Understanding Variability In Crop Response To Fertilizer And Amendments In Sub-Saharan Africa, Job Kihara, Generose Nziguheba, Shamie Zingore, Adama Coulibaly, Anthony Esilaba, Vernon Kabambe, Samuel Njoroge, Cheryl Palm, Jeroen Huising

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Improved understanding of soil fertility factors limiting crop productivity is important to develop appropriate soil and nutrient management recommendations in sub-Saharan Africa. Diagnostic trials were implemented in Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria and Tanzania, as part of the African Soils Information Service (AfSIS) project, to identify soil fertility constraints to crop production across various cropping systems and soil fertility conditions. In each country, one to three sites of 10 km × 10 km were included with each site having 12-31 field trials. The treatments tested included a control, an NPK treatment, three treatments in which the N, P and K nutrients …

Effective Establishment Of Native Grasses On Roadsides In New England, Yulia Kuzovkina, John Campanelli, Cristian Schulthess, Robert Ricard, Glenn Dreyer

Other Publications and Reports

No abstract provided.

A Hydrochemical Assessment Of Groundwater Recharge And Flow In The Broome Sandstone Aquifer, La Grange Area, Western Australia, Glenn A. Harrington, Nikki M. Harrington

Natural resources commissioned reports

The Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia has undertaken a four-year Royalties for Regions funded project in the La Grange Groundwater Area south of Broome. The purpose of the project was to provide improved knowledge and confidence about soil suitability and water availability for potential expansion of irrigated agriculture in the region. A range of complementary techniques have been used to assess the groundwater resources in the Broome Sandstone aquifer, including contemporary approaches such as drilling and aquifer pumping tests, and state-of-the-art approaches such as airborne geophysical surveys and hydrochemistry investigations.

This report presents a synthesis of all hydrochemistry …

Compost Land Management And Soil Carbon Sequestration, Kylene A. Hohman

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Extensive fossil fuel burning has released carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Under proper ecological conditions plants convert atmospheric carbon dioxide into stable soil organic matter, a natural and efficient means of mitigating climate change. In the symbiotic relationship between mycorrhizae and plants, mycorrhizae provide plants with essential nutrients in exchange for carbon sugars leaked from the plants. Mycorrhizae convert carbon sugars to an exudate called glomalin, a protein that assists in developing soil aggregates composed of sand, silt, and clay. These aggregates, called humus, store carbon for hundreds of years under healthy ecological conditions. Compost prompts soil microbes to aerobically …

Evaluation Of Rusle 2 To Estimate Soil Loss From Pastures, Stasha Katrina Balkissoon

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The accurate estimation of soil erosion by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation version 2 (RUSLE2) is critical for several conservation assessments, least of which is its use in the Phosphorus Index (PI) to identify and rank the vulnerability of agricultural fields to phosphorus (P) runoff. Earlier versions of RUSLE reported a soil loss overestimation, which were revised to give RUSLE2, where biomass production in different climatic regions was more accurately represented. RUSLE version 2.0, which contains the new vegetative biomass production routine, was evaluated using two performance indices, the Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency Index (NSE) and Index of Agreement (D) …

Evaluating Pedestrial Compaction Variation & Soil Organic C Content, Gunner B. Decker

Scholars Week

Over time, playing fields are monitored by overall appearance. However, pedestrian compaction is not evenly distributed throughout the entire surface.

Pengaruh Penambahan Arang Sekam Dan Jumlah Cabang Produksi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman, Hasil Dan Kualitas Buah Tomat Kultivar Doufu Hasil Sambung Batang Pada Inceptisol Jatinangor, Nasrulloh, Tino Mutiarawati, Wawan Sutari

Jurnal Kultivasi

Tomat beef merupakan salah satu jenis tomat yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi. Salah satu teknik budidaya yang dapat diguna-kan untuk meningkatkan produksi tanaman tomat yaitu perbaikan media tanam dengan penambahan arang sekam dan mengatur jumlah cabang produksi. Percobaan bertujuan untuk mempelajari berbagai dosis arang sekam dan jumlah cabang produksi yang baik untuk pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas tomat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Terkendali, Fakultas Pertanian, Univer-sitas Padjadjaran di Jatinangor. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah penambahan arang sekam dengan empat taraf: 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% dan anak petak adalah jumlah cabang produksi dengan dua …